EP1996765A1 - Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication - Google Patents

Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication

Info

Publication number
EP1996765A1
EP1996765A1 EP07726737A EP07726737A EP1996765A1 EP 1996765 A1 EP1996765 A1 EP 1996765A1 EP 07726737 A EP07726737 A EP 07726737A EP 07726737 A EP07726737 A EP 07726737A EP 1996765 A1 EP1996765 A1 EP 1996765A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic
stones
polyurethanes
polyurethane
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07726737A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Roser
Helmut Tesch
Hans Ulrich Schmidt
Andrea Eisenhardt
Johann Leitner
Hans-Jürgen Reese
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP07726737A priority Critical patent/EP1996765A1/fr
Publication of EP1996765A1 publication Critical patent/EP1996765A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/001—Track with ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C21/00—Apparatus or processes for surface soil stabilisation for road building or like purposes, e.g. mixing local aggregate with binder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/30—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and other binders, e.g. synthetic material, i.e. resin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fixing traffic routes, preferably railway lines, roads and unpaved roads.
  • Roads such as railway tracks, roads and unpaved roads, consist to a large extent of loose particles.
  • railway lines usually have a potty bed.
  • Unpaved roads and paths have mostly loose sand or dust on their surface. It is often necessary to fix these particles.
  • loose gravel stones can be whirled up and thus lead to problems.
  • fast-moving trains such as ICE trains swirl the stones below each other so that the subsoil is damaged. This is because the track beds in many countries are not as deep as in Germany. Lowering, however, would involve an additional cost.
  • ballast bonding technology has become an established technology.
  • the bonding serves to prevent the ballast flight, the stabilization of the track bed and the securing of the operating tracks in track construction work.
  • the track ballast is usually first applied to the ballast bed. Subsequently, the ballast is then wetted in a spray process with a self-curing adhesive.
  • a self-curing adhesive is often used epoxy, but also acrylates and polyurethanes are used.
  • WO 2004/079094 describes the attachment of rock fillings, such as railway embankments, by gluing these with plastics and installing an insert inside the rock fillets.
  • DE 197 29 348 describes a method for producing a closed, drainable ballast in track construction.
  • the upper layer of the ballast is covered with a cavity filling the filling layer.
  • the filling compound can also be applied as a layer up to 10 cm high on the ballast.
  • Bulk material with a particle size of 1 to 16 mm, the particles of which are covered with an adhesive film, is used as the filling material.
  • adhesives for example, epoxy resins or polyurethanes are used.
  • DE 198 1 1 838 describes a method and apparatus for solidifying ballast beds.
  • a liquid hardening mass is injected into the ballast bed.
  • the consolidation compound may also be a polyurethane.
  • a similar process is also described in US 4156440.
  • CH 595512 a method for stabilization and vibration damping of railway lines is described in which a foamable polyurethane mixture is introduced into the track bed, where it hardens to foam.
  • plastics for example in mining or for the attachment of surfaces.
  • plastics for example polyesters, polyacrylates or polyurethanes.
  • DE 197 03 980 describes the use of biodegradable plastics for fixing soil.
  • a planting of the soil is to be achieved by this is stabilized.
  • the decomposition of the plastic layer should just be avoided.
  • No. 3,719,050 describes the stabilization of soils using polyurethane prepolymers. These prepolymers should preferably be water repellent. The curing takes place by means of water. This results in a foaming of the polyurethane, which is disadvantageous for the attachment of unpaved paths. Furthermore, the polyureas formed in the reaction of the prepolymers with water are not hydrophobic, so that they offer no protection against water and can also be hydrolytically decomposed.
  • the task was to safely secure traffic routes and avoid so that it comes to a whirling up of particles. Furthermore, the wear on the routes are reduced. The attachment should be possible by a simple process and not cause environmental problems. The traffic routes should continue to be equipped so that the attack by water is minimized.
  • the object could surprisingly be solved by the fact that there is a hydrophobic polyurethane on the surface and / or inside the guideway.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a method for fastening driveways, characterized in that at least one plastic, in particular a hydrophobic polyurethane, is brought onto the surface and / or into the interior of the driveway.
  • the application of the hydrophobic polyurethane on the surface of the traffic route is sufficient.
  • the application of the polyurethane can be accomplished in the simplest case by applying the liquid feed components of the polyurethane by spraying or by pouring onto the driveway, where they harden to polyurethane. Preference is given to spraying, as less material is consumed. The spraying can be done by vehicles or manually.
  • the plastic is introduced into the layer.
  • This embodiment is preferably used in tracks.
  • the loose stones are preferably gravel, as commonly used for the production of track beds.
  • the size of the gravel stones depends on the load on the tracks. Usually, the size of the ballast stones is approximately between 30 and 70 mm. They are preferably made of hard rock, such as basalt.
  • mixers for mixing the ballast stones with the starting components of the plastic
  • all types of mixers can be used with which a substantially complete wetting of the ballast stones with the liquid starting components of the plastic is possible.
  • Mixers have proven particularly suitable which consist of an open container, for example a drum, which is preferably provided with internals. For mixing, either the drum can be rotated or the internals moved.
  • Such mixers are known and used for example in the construction industry for the production of concrete mixtures.
  • the mixer For applying the mixture to the surface to be fixed, it may be advantageous to attach the mixer to a vehicle, for example a tractor, a front loader, a truck or a rail vehicle.
  • a vehicle for example a tractor, a front loader, a truck or a rail vehicle.
  • the mixture can each be transported to the place where it is to be applied. After emptying the mixer, if necessary, the mixture can be distributed manually, for example by raking, to achieve the desired structure.
  • the mixture of the stones is carried out continuously with the liquid starting components of the plastic.
  • the stones and the liquid starting components of the plastic are continuously lent into the mixer and the wetted stones are discharged continuously.
  • care must be taken that the starting materials remain in the mixer for so long that sufficient wetting of the stones can take place.
  • such a mixing device can be moved along the track bed to be fastened at such a speed that the stones wetted with the liquid starting components of the plastic are discharged from the mixer in an amount as needed. It is also possible to operate the continuous mixing device stationary and to transport the wetted stones discharged from the mixer to the desired location.
  • the mixer may be a rotating drum into which stones are continuously introduced.
  • This drum is equipped with nozzles that continuously distribute the starting components of the plastic on the stones.
  • the rotation of the drum ensures good mixing of plastic and stones.
  • Through an opening at the end of the drum plastic / stone composites are then continuously discharged.
  • the rotating drum can be horizontal, but also inclined at different angles to promote the discharge.
  • the stones are transported continuously on a conveyor belt which is driven through a tunnel. This has openings through which the starting materials of the plastic are continuously discharged onto the stones.
  • the wetted stones fall onto the track or into an open drum, which discharges the composite onto the track at an adjustable conveying speed.
  • the entire ballast bed is attached to the plastic. It is also possible to fix only the upper layer of the ballast bed, preferably up to 20 cm, with the plastic.
  • either the ballast bed can first be heaped up without plastic and then the liquid starting components of the plastic are applied or initially only a part of the ballast bed is poured and, as described above, a layer of stones mixed with the liquid starting components of the plastic become.
  • Polyurethanes, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, acrylates and methacrylates can be used as plastics.
  • hydrophobic, substantially compact polyurethanes are used as plastics.
  • hydrophobic polyurethanes which are preferably used.
  • hydrophobic polyurethanes compounds with free isocyanate groups and compounds with groups which are reactive with isocyanate groups are understood in general terms.
  • Groups which are reactive with isocyanate groups are usually hydroxyl groups or amino groups. Preference is given to hydroxyl groups, since the amino groups are very reactive and therefore the reaction mixture must be processed rapidly.
  • the products formed by the reaction of these structural components are generally referred to below as polyurethanes.
  • the structural components for the hydrophobic polyurethanes When applying the structural components for the hydrophobic polyurethanes, it is not necessary for the top layer of the unpaved road or the stones of the track bed to be dry. Surprisingly, even in the presence of wet stones, it is possible to obtain good adhesion between the polyurethane and the bricks.
  • the curing of the hydrophobic polyurethane can be done even under water, as well as puddles on the unpaved roads do not significantly affect the deployment of the polyurethane.
  • polyisocyanates it is possible in principle to use all liquid polyisocyanates, mixtures and prepolymers having at least two isocyanate groups which are liquid at room temperature.
  • Aromatic polyisocyanates are preferably used, particularly preferably isomers of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), in particular mixtures of MDI and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates (crude MDI).
  • the polyisocyanates may also be modified, for example by the incorporation of isocyanurate groups and in particular by the incorporation of Urethane groups.
  • the latter compounds are prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with a deficit of compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms and commonly referred to as NCO prepolymers. Their NCO content is usually in the range between 2 and 29 wt .-%.
  • a disadvantage of the use of aromatic polyisocyanates is the insufficient color stability of the polyurethanes produced therefrom. In most cases, over time, yellowing of the polyurethanes occurs. In applications of the process according to the invention, in which high color stability is important, the use of aliphatic polyisocyanates is therefore preferred.
  • Preferred representatives are hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). Due to the high volatility of aliphatic polyisocyanates, these are usually used in the form of their reaction products, in particular as biurets, allophanates or isocyanurates.
  • polyfunctional alcohols so-called polyols, or, less preferably, polyfunctional amines, are generally used.
  • the hydrophobicity of the polyurethanes used can be brought about in particular by addition of hydroxyl-functional oleochemical components to at least one of the starting components of the polyurethane system, preferably to the polyol component.
  • hydroxyl functional oleochemical components are known which can be used.
  • examples are castor oil, hydroxyl group-modified oils such as grapeseed oil, black cumin oil, pumpkin seed oil, borage seed oil, soybean oil, wheat germ oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, apricot kernel oil, pistachio kernel oil, almond oil, olive oil, macadamia nut oil, avocado oil, sea buckthorn oil, sesame oil, hazelnut oil, evening primrose oil, wild rose oil , Hemp oil, thistle oil, walnut oil, hydroxyl-modified fatty acid esters based on myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, vaccenic, petroselinic, gadoleic, erucic, nervonic, linoleic, linolenic, stearidonic, arachidonic, timnonic, clondanoic, cervonic
  • a further preferred group of oleochemical polyols can be obtained by ring opening of epoxidized fatty acid esters with simultaneous reaction with alcohols and optionally following further transesterification reactions.
  • the incorporation of hydroxyl groups in oils and fats is carried out mainly by Epoxidation of the olefinic double bond contained in these products followed by reaction of the epoxide groups formed with a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol.
  • the epoxide ring becomes a hydroxyl group or, in the case of polyfunctional alcohols, a structure with a higher number of OH groups.
  • oils and fats are usually glycerol esters, parallel transesterification reactions take place in the reactions mentioned above.
  • the compounds thus obtained preferably have a molecular weight in the range between 500 and 1500 g / mol. Such products are offered for example by the company Henkel.
  • a compact polyurethane which can be prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, characterized in that the compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms are at least one fatty chemical.
  • a polyol and at least one phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resin, in particular an indene coumarone resin are used.
  • phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resins having a terminal phenol group preference is given to using phenol-modified indene-coumarone resins, more preferably technical mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbon resins, in particular those containing as essential constituent compounds of the general formula (I)
  • n 2 to 28 included.
  • Rutgers VFT AG under the trade name NOVARES ®.
  • the phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resins in particular the phenol-modified indene-coumarone resins, usually have an OH content between 0.5 and 5.0 wt .-% on.
  • the fat chemical polyol and the phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resin, especially the indene-coumarone resin are used in a weight ratio of 100: 1 to 100: 50.
  • the compounds mentioned further compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms can be used.
  • polyether alcohols are preferred. These are prepared by customary and known processes, usually by addition of alkylene oxides to H-functional starter substances.
  • the co-used polyether alcohols preferably have a functionality of at least 3 and a hydroxyl value of at least 400 mgKOH / g, preferably at least 600 mgKOH / g, in particular in the range of 400 to 1000 mgKOH / g.
  • alkylene oxides They are prepared in the usual way by reaction of at least trifunctional starting substances with alkylene oxides.
  • Starting substances which may be used are preferably alcohols having at least three hydroxyl groups in the molecule, for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose.
  • the alkylene oxide used is preferably propylene oxide.
  • customary constituents may be added to the reaction mixture, for example catalysts and customary auxiliaries and additives.
  • desiccants for example zeolites
  • the addition of these substances is preferably carried out to the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive with isocyanate groups.
  • This blend is often referred to in the art as a polyol component.
  • anti-microbial agents In addition, the addition of UV stabilizers is advantageous in order to avoid embrittlement of the moldings.
  • the polyurethanes used can in principle be prepared without the presence of catalysts.
  • catalysts can be used.
  • catalysts should preferably be selected those which cause the longest possible reaction time. This makes it possible for the reaction mixture to remain liquid for a long time. In principle, as described, it is possible to work without a catalyst.
  • the combination of the polyisocyanates with the compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms should take place in such a ratio that a stoichiometric excess of isocyanate groups, preferably of at least 5%, in particular in the range between 5 and 60% is present.
  • the preferably used hydrophobic polyurethanes are characterized by a particularly good processability.
  • these polyurethanes show a particularly good adhesion, especially on moist substrates such as wet rock, in particular granite gravel.
  • the curing of the polyurethanes is practically compact despite the presence of water.
  • the compact polyurethanes used show a completely compact curing even with thin layers.
  • the polyurethanes preferably used are ideal for securing traffic routes.
  • the bond between rock or sand and polyurethane is very strong.
  • the polyisocyanates are preferably mixed with the compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms and this mixture is mixed with the stones.
  • both starting components of the polyurethane could be separately added to the stones and mixed together with them. In this case, however, uneven mixing and thus inadequate mechanical properties of the polyurethane can occur.
  • the mixing of the starting components of the polyurethane can be carried out in a known manner.
  • the components in the desired ratio in a vessel, such as a bucket, given mixed by simple stirring and then mixed in the mixing device with the stones.
  • a vessel such as a bucket
  • mixing organ customary in polyurethane chemistry for example a mixing head
  • the attachment of traffic routes with the hydrophobic polyurethanes has a number of advantages.
  • the attachment has a longer service life, requires less repair effort and leads to a higher road safety than other plastics for this purpose. Due to their hydrophobicity frost damage is significantly suppressed, and there is no noticeable hydrolytic degradation. Rainwater drains from the paved roads according to the method of the invention.
  • the polyurethanes do not cause any ecological problems, so in principle you can fix not only road surfaces but also forest roads with these polyurethanes.
  • inventive method also unpaved roads or slopes, such as runways and airstrips for aircraft, are coated. There, stirring up dust can cause damage to the engines.
  • ballast beds with the hydrophobic polyurethanes leads to time and cost savings on trains, as the trains can travel at regular speed, without causing damage.
  • the process is significantly cheaper because the adhesive can be applied directly to the ballast stones.
  • the hydrophobic system can, in contrast to the plastics used so far, also be processed in the rain and on damp substrates. This results in a not insignificant economic advantage, since waiting periods in wet weather omitted.
  • ballast beds treated according to the invention is fully retained owing to the punctiform bonding of the stones. This prevents the risk of leaching even in heavy rainfall. Washouts and frost damage are thus effectively prevented, especially the washing out is even lower with a hydrophobic PU system than with a non-hydrophobic plastic.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour fixer des voies de circulation, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une matière plastique est appliquée sur la surface et/ou à l'intérieur de la voie de circulation.
EP07726737A 2006-03-15 2007-03-09 Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication Withdrawn EP1996765A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07726737A EP1996765A1 (fr) 2006-03-15 2007-03-09 Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06111178 2006-03-15
PCT/EP2007/052214 WO2007104710A1 (fr) 2006-03-15 2007-03-09 Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication
EP07726737A EP1996765A1 (fr) 2006-03-15 2007-03-09 Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1996765A1 true EP1996765A1 (fr) 2008-12-03

Family

ID=38171611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07726737A Withdrawn EP1996765A1 (fr) 2006-03-15 2007-03-09 Procédé pour fixer des voies de communication

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090095820A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1996765A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009530515A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080106549A (fr)
CN (1) CN101400857A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007104710A1 (fr)

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PL2193107T3 (pl) * 2007-09-14 2020-03-31 Basf Se Sposób wytwarzania zawierających minerały warstw ścieralnych dla wyłożeń podłoża
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EA021182B1 (ru) * 2009-11-25 2015-04-30 Влодзимеж Мысловский Способ получения серного полимера и гранулированное полимербитумное вяжущее, содержащее указанный полимер, для покрытия дороги
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EP2708566A1 (fr) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-19 Sika Technology AG Compositions de polyuréthane à deux composants, notamment appropriées à l'utilisation comme colles structurelles viscoplastiques ou masses de remplissage
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101400857A (zh) 2009-04-01
JP2009530515A (ja) 2009-08-27
US20090095820A1 (en) 2009-04-16
WO2007104710A1 (fr) 2007-09-20
KR20080106549A (ko) 2008-12-08

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