EP1995049A2 - Briquette extrusion press - Google Patents

Abstract

The press (1) has a press channel (2) with a filling section, a pressing section and an end section. A filling device (4) dumps a press product (10) in the filling section via a filling opening. A plunger axially moved by a power drive compresses the product in the pressing section. A press product bracket (5) is moved between pressing position and end position. The channel has press channel elements, which are detachably connected with each other, such that the elements are separated from each other along a parting plane running in a press channel longitudinal direction.

Description

The invention relates to a strand briquette press for pressing pressed material, in particular loose waste or residual or valuable materials, having a pressing channel having a filling section, a pressing section and an end section, wherein the pressed material can be introduced into the filling section by means of a filling device through at least one filling opening, wherein in the pressing section by means of an axially displaceable by a power drive pressing piston the pressed material is compressible and wherein in the end section a Pressgutbremse is arranged, which is adjustable between a pressing position in the pressing channel decelerating pressing position and a discharge of a pressed material briquette permitting release position:

Strand briquette presses of the aforementioned type are used, for example, for briquetting of waste materials or of loose bulk materials.

Briquetting presses for the pressing of waste materials, e.g. for pressing plastic bottles are known.

The DE 19 21 376 A1 describes an extruder and a filling device of an extruder. In this filling device promote two opposite, on one Central shaft mounted augers the crop into an area above a Einfüllschlitzes the press channel. By in the middle between the screw conveyors on the central shaft mounted rotating conveyor arms the pressed material is then pressed in the vertical direction in the filling slot of the press channel. In this case, the pressed material to be conveyed into the press channel is initially conveyed horizontally by the filling device by means of the screw conveyors and then vertically by the conveying arms into the filling slot of the press channel located underneath. This has the disadvantage that the conveying direction of the material to be pressed is changed, which leads to an efficiency reduction in the filling. Therefore, it has been found that strand briquette presses operate with such a filling device less efficient, since the pressed material reaching in front of the conveyor arms is not forced into the insertion slot of the press channel, but only there, if there is no back pressure in this production. Strand briquette presses, which are designed with a filling device according to this prior art, therefore have only a very low hourly output.

The prior art also includes briquetting presses according to the WO 03/016033 A1 , Here, the pressed material is first fed to a filling screw, which then feeds it to a pre-compression chamber of the briquetting press. The briquetting press works with a fixed molding chamber. The filling screw is in turn supplied by feeder screws with pressed material, the feeder screws run at the bottom of a reservoir. A disadvantage of such a construction is the multiplicity of conveying elements. These make the construction costly and prone to failure.

From the DE 20 2006 007 759 U1 Briquette presses are known which produce pressed briquettes in an extrusion process. In extruders of this type, a pre-compression space located above the press channel is first filled. The press channel is open during pressing of this type in the process of filling up to the pre-compression space. After filling the pre-compression space, an upper boundary of the press channel is hydraulically moved to a lower position in which it serves as a boundary of the press channel. Now the press channel is closed and the plunger can start to form the strand briquette. Although these strand briquette presses have a high hourly output, in strand briquetting presses according to this prior art it has proven to be a significant disadvantage that the press channel has only a low rigidity, since the press channel top side in this construction is not necessarily connected to the side parts of the press channel. Due to wear and fatigue caused by wear and tear, it can lead to a bending of the side parts of the main compression channel, resulting in malfunction and time-consuming repairs.

The present invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a strand briquette press of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above and which is constructed both simpler and more reliable and at the same time ensures a high hourly performance. The press channel should be constructed so that bending of the side walls can not occur. Furthermore, the filling device should make do with as few mechanical components as possible. In addition, the filling device is to allow a stocking of such quantities of press material that the press can operate continuously.

The object is achieved according to the invention with a strand briquette press of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the pressing channel consists of at least two releasably connected pressing channel elements which are separable from each other along at least one extending in Presskanallängsrichtung parting plane.

The invention advantageously proposes a novel design of the press channel. This consists according to the invention of two or more individual press channel elements which are detachably connected to each other. This has the advantage that the individual press channel elements can be processed on conventional processing machines and prefabricated and then assembled quickly during assembly. Also, in the exchange of individual Presskanalelementen, which is to make, for example, as a result of wear or damage in the context of repairs, this structure is advantageous because it is now possible to replace only the worn or damaged parts, while other parts of the press channel are reusable. Compared to existing constructions, it proves to be very advantageous that in the present invention carried out strand briquette press channel is no longer fully open on one side. Rather, in the press according to the present invention, the opening for filling by the filling device is only as large as needed for the Pressgutdurchtritt. This ensures in particular that the press channel, measured on the previous designs, has a much greater rigidity. This benefits operational safety and ensures long trouble-free operation times.

Preferably, the pressing channel elements are screwed together, as so let a quick connection and disconnection of the pressing channel elements in conjunction with the ability to absorb large forces that occur during the pressing process, let reach.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the pressing channel elements consist of flat plates. This has the advantage that the individual plates can be processed on conventional processing machines and prefabricated and then assembled quickly during assembly. Also because of the interchangeability of individual plates, this construction is advantageous.

Another contribution to a simple production and assembly is that preferably the plates are arranged at right angles to each other and that the pressing channel formed therein has a rectangular, preferably square, cross-section.

Next, the invention proposes that the pressing channel elements are arranged in a receiving housing. This has the advantage that the entire press channel of the strand briquette press can be prefabricated as a module or exchanged as a module during repair work. This minimizes downtimes due to possible service times. Furthermore, the entire unit, since it is modular and is received by the receiving housing, advantageously be pre-assembled in a manufacturing plant.

To facilitate assembly and disassembly, the receiving housing in the form of a receiving tray, in which the pressing channel elements are detachably mounted, is preferably designed.

Since the plunger and its power drive are subject to wear during operation of the press, the plunger and the power drive are preferably arranged in the receiving housing. Thus, advantageously the plunger and its power drive are included in the aforementioned module.

For easier and faster maintenance and repair, it is further suggested that the plunger consist of a core around which wear plates are releasably mounted.

Preferably, it is further provided that the wear plates consist of with the core or with the core and bolted together plates, which are made of a particularly wear-resistant material.

Depending on the material to be processed and depending on its properties, different cross sections of the pressing channel and the movable therein plunger may be appropriate or necessary. To accommodate this requirement, it is proposed that a plurality of sets of wear plates mountable around the core of the plunger be provided, differing in thickness so that a smaller or larger cross-sectional area of the plunger is realizable, and that multiple sets of press channel elements are provided, which differ in their dimensions, dimensionally matched to the wear plates, so that a smaller or larger cross-sectional area of the pressing channel, suitable for the respective cross-sectional area of the plunger, can be realized. A change in the cross section of the press channel and plunger is possible here with relatively little effort, which allows a high versatility of the press.

To avoid malfunction of the press by pinching pressed material between the filling opening or the filling openings on the one hand and the plunger on the other hand, it is provided that the plunger is formed on its end facing the pressed material with at least one of the filling opening or filling openings in a pressing stroke sweeping cutting edge and that each filling opening is formed on its in the conveying direction of the material to be pressed in the pressing channel rear end as a counter-blade or with a counter-blade to the cutting edge of the plunger. The Einfüllöffnungsende thus acts as a counter-cutting edge with the end face on the plunger cutting edge and ensures that the possibly protruding at the stroke of the plunger pressing material is cut and can not get between the plunger and the wall of the press channel, where it could lead to malfunction.

For reasons of a good service life and rapid interchangeability, it is proposed that the / each cutting edge is mounted as a separate, removable component on the plunger and consists of a more wear-resistant material than the other parts of the plunger and that the / each counter blade as a separate, removable component on Press channel is mounted and made of a more wear-resistant material than the other parts of the press channel.

In order to avoid deflection of pressed material during pressing by means of the plunger against the filling direction through the filling opening or filling openings, it is provided that the stroke of the pressing piston is so long that a main pressing operation of the pressed material only in the direction of conveying the pressed material in the pressing channel behind the filling opening / the filling openings lying pressing section of the pressing channel takes place. This ensures a particularly high compression of the material to be pressed.

For a manufacturing technology simple design of the press a single filling opening is provided in the form of an opening in a wall of the press channel.

Alternatively, a plurality of spaced apart in the axial direction of the press channel filling openings are each provided in the form of an opening in a wall of the press channel. In this embodiment, the pressing channel can be made particularly rigid and dimensionally stable, so that particularly large pressing forces can be used and absorbed without damage.

To achieve an effective and reliable function of the filling device, it is proposed that the filling device has at least one screw conveyor or at least one delivery slide.

In order to achieve a particularly high performance of the filling device, the invention preferably proposes that a plurality of conveying screws or a plurality of conveying slides are provided in the filling device and that each conveying screw or each conveying slide is assigned its own filling opening. However, it is also conceivable that e.g. always two screw conveyors promote the pressed material from them to a common filling opening.

So that the press can work as continuously as possible and thus particularly economically, it is further preferred for the screw conveyors or delivery slides to be arranged at the bottom of a press material storage space are and that by means of screw conveyors or feed slide the pressed material from the Pressgutvorratsraum removed and conveyed into the press channel inside. The press material storage space thus forms a buffer in which pressed material can be stored in different amounts for further processing in the press. With the Pressgutvorratsraum also temporal variations in the amount of accumulating material can be compensated.

So that as high a compression as possible is achieved during pressing in the press channel, a pre-compression of the material to be pressed is already helpful when it is being filled into the press channel. For this purpose, the invention proposes that the screw conveyors or delivery slide extend over part of their axial length in each case in a closed conveyor channel which lies between the Pressgutvorratsbehälter and the press channel.

An increase in the precompression can be achieved by the slope of the screw conveyor steadily or suddenly decreases in the closed conveyor channel. This pre-compaction of the material to be pressed before it enters the pressing channel is very favorable for a high efficiency of the strand briquette press. Between the Pressgutvorratsraum and the press channel extend the augers in a closed, preferably tubular channel. In this channel, the pre-compression of the pressed material takes place. This precompression of the material to be pressed is achieved in that the pitch of the screw conveyor in this area is continuously or abruptly smaller and smaller than the pitch of the screw conveyor in the Pressgutvorratsraum where the augers are open at the top. Due to the decreasing pitch of the screw conveyors, the material to be compacted, which is located in this area, is first precompressed. This pre-compressed Pressed material is then pressed through the filling opening or filling openings, which preferably lie in a side wall of the pressing channel, into this pressing channel.

It is further provided that the screw conveyors are mounted on one side and driven on the same side. In order to keep the area of the filling opening or orifices from disturbing elements there for the storage and drive of the screw conveyors, the side with the bearing and drive elements is preferably the side of the screw conveyor remote from the filling opening or the filling openings.

Alternatively, in particular at particularly high loads, the screw conveyors can be mounted on both sides and driven on one side.

Preferably, the Pressgutvorratsraum is formed by an upwardly open, funnel-shaped container. In this way, a large storage volume can be made available. The material to be pressed in the reservoir passes therein by gravity alone into the engagement region of the filling device, e.g. the appropriate screw conveyor or sliders.

In order to avoid difficult and dangerous manual activities on the press as much as possible, it is provided that the press material storage space can be fed by a feed device with pressed material.

Preferably, it is further provided that the feed device is formed by a screw conveyor, by means of which the Pressgutvorratsraum from below or from the side can be filled. With this arrangement, a manual loading of the pressed product storage space remains unrestricted from above, so that two modes of operation are possible in this regard.

In some applications of the press, the individual parts of the pressed material to be pressed can have such a size that they can not be detected reliably by the filling device and introduced into the pressing channel. For such applications, the invention proposes that the feed screw is preceded by a pre-shredder for particulate pressed material. The pre-shredder ensures that the material to be compacted is shredded to such an extent that it can be transported effectively and trouble-free by the filling device.

Preferably, the pre-shredder is a shredder with a plurality of counter-rotating drivable, equipped with teeth and / or knives shredding shafts. This can be used e.g. crush larger parts of lightweight foam, such as Styrofoam packaging parts, to the required extent.

For a good function of the press, it is important that the parts forming the press channel are exactly aligned, including a possible edge-free and step-free transition from the press section to the end section of the press channel. In order to make this transition well, it is proposed that the end portion of the press channel having the pressure material brake is adjusted via at least one positive reception and releasably connected to the rest of the press channel. In addition to the good alignment of the press channel as well as a quick and easy assembly and disassembly of the Pressgutbremse allows.

Preferably, the positive reception on the one hand by a V-shaped, tongue-like projecting receiving piece and on the other hand by a gegengleiche recess is formed. These elements can be manufactured technically with reasonable effort and provide reliable and without much space for the desired exact alignment when connecting the Presskanalabschnitte together.

Advantageously, the press brake has two brake shoes acting on two opposite longitudinal sides of the material to be pressed. Thus, the Pressgutbremse technically relatively simple, but achieves an effective function.

The shaping of the strand briquette takes place in that the pressing piston compacts the material to be compacted against the material to be compacted in the conveying direction. This pressed material is both slowed down by the friction that occurs between the pressed material and the walls of the pressing channel, as well as in that at the end of the pressing channel a Pressgutbremse is arranged, which is preferably to be adjusted hydraulically. This press brake preferably releases the path for subsequent pressed product only when, in the power drive, e.g. a hydraulic cylinder, the plunger a previously set force value, e.g. a hydraulic pressure limit is exceeded. Only thereafter, a release of the Pressgutbremse, so that the strand briquette can be pushed out in the conveying direction towards the front of the press channel.

A further improved function of the press brake can be achieved in that the brake shoes are convex viewed from the press channel. Dodge of the material to be pressed away from the brake shoes during the pressing process is thus prevented or at least reduced.

Figur 1

eine Strangbrikettpresse in einer perspektivischen Gesamtansicht,

Figur 2

die Strangbrikettpresse aus Figur 1 im Querschnitt,

Figur 3

eine Einfülleinrichtung als Teil der Presse in Ansicht schräg von oben,

Figur 4

die Strangbrikettpresse aus Figur 1 in einem Längsschnitt durch einen einen Teil der Presse bildenden Presskanal,

Figur 5

ein einen Teil des Presskanals und einen Presskolben mit Kraftantrieb umfassendes Modul der Presse vor und nach seinem Zusammenbau,

Figur 6

einen Einfüllabschnitt des Presskanals mit mehreren Einfüllöffnungen, in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 7

den Einfüllabschnitt des Presskanals mit einer größeren Einfüllöffnungen, in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 8

den Presskolben mit Kraftantrieb, in perspektivischer Ansicht, und

Figur 9

den Presskanal mit Einfülleinrichtung und Zufördereinrichtung, in perspektivischer Ansicht schräg von oben,

Figur 10

den Einfüllabschnitt des Presskanals in aufgebrochener Darstellung mit der dahinter liegenden Einfülleinrichtung, in Ansicht,

Figur 11

einen Endabschnitt des Presskanals mit einer Pressgutbremse vor der Montage an einem Pressabschnitt des Presskanals, in Ansicht schräg von hinten, und

Figur 12

die Pressgutbremse aus Figur 11 im Querschnitt.

Below, an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a strand briquette press in a perspective overall view,

FIG. 2

the strand briquette press out FIG. 1 in cross section,

FIG. 3

a filling device as part of the press in view obliquely from above,

FIG. 4

the strand briquette press out FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section through a press channel forming part of the press,

FIG. 5

a module of the press comprising a part of the press channel and a power press piston before and after its assembly,

FIG. 6

a filling section of the press channel with a plurality of filling openings, in perspective view,

FIG. 7

the filling section of the pressing channel with a larger filling openings, in perspective view,

FIG. 8

the plunger with power drive, in perspective view, and

FIG. 9

the press channel with filling device and feed device, in a perspective view obliquely from above,

FIG. 10

the filling section of the pressing channel in a broken view with the filling device behind it, in view,

FIG. 11

an end portion of the press channel with a Pressgutbremse before mounting on a pressing portion of the press channel, in view obliquely from behind, and

FIG. 12

the Pressgutbremse off FIG. 11 in cross section.

In FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a strand briquette press 1 in view, partly broken, shown. An essential part of the press 1 is a press channel 2 lying here in the background of the press 1, in which press material to be pressed can be pressed into a strand briquette. At the in FIG. 1 to the left-facing end of the press channel 2 is a Pressgutbremse 5 is arranged, which is adjustable by means of a power drive 52 between a braking position and a release position. In front of the press channel 2 is a filling device 4, by means of which the pressed material to be pressed into the press channel 2 can be filled. Finally, the strand briquette press 1 according to FIG. 1 nor a pre-shredder 46, which here serves to pre-shred pressed material 10, which is obtained in larger pieces, and then supply by means of a feed device 44 of the filling device 4.

The pre-shredder 46 is disposed in a hopper 48, which is equipped with a pivotable front funnel wall 48 'for ease of filling. In the folded-down state of the pivotable funnel wall 48 ', like him FIG. 1 shows, can larger pieces of pressed material 10, for example, packaging parts made of foam plastic, are manually introduced into the hopper 48. After folding up the pivotable funnel wall 48 'then the pieces of the pressed material 10 can no longer fall out of the hopper 48. In the hopper 48, the pieces of the pressed material 10 are comminuted by the pre-shredder 46 and conveyed down from where they are transported by the feeder 44 from the side into the lower portion of a Pressgutvorratsraums 41, which forms part of the filling device 4.

The filling device 4 comprises a container 43 which delimits the pressed product storage space 41 and which is partially broken away in the drawing in order to allow the view into the interior of the pressed product storage space 41. In the lowermost region of the pressed material supply space 41 a plurality of, here four feed screws 40 are arranged, by means of which the pressed material located there first by one conveying channel 42 and then not visible here filling holes or a single larger filling opening in the press channel 2 can be filled. In the press channel 2 is then carried out by means of a hidden here and therefore not visible pressing piston with power pressing the pressing of the material to be pressed, during a pressing operation the Pressgutbremse 5 is in its braking position. By adjusting the press brake 5 in its release position, a strand briquette made from pressed material produced in the press channel 2 can be ejected from the press channel 2.

FIG. 2 shows the strand briquette press 1 FIG. 1 in a cross section, wherein the cross section in the upper part of FIG. 2 through the pre-shredder 46 and in the lower part of FIG. 2 through the filling device 4 and this adjacent part of the pressing channel 2 extends.

In the upper part of the FIG. 2 is the pre-shredder 46, which is here formed of a plurality, a total of six shredder shafts 47 which are parallel to each other and each equipped with outwardly projecting teeth 47 '. By a in FIG. 2 invisible drive the shredding shafts 47 are set in rotation, whereby they comminute crushed material from above and conveyed downwards towards the feed device 44. The feed device 44 is here formed by a screw conveyor 45 which extends below the pre-shredder 46 with the shredder shafts 47 parallel to the latter and forward, ie perpendicular to the plane of the FIG. 2 , extends into the pressed material storage space 41. Also, the screw conveyor 45 is set in rotation by a drive not visible here, whereby it unfolds their conveying effect.

The pre-shredded pressed material passes from the end of the screw conveyor 45 on the top of the screw conveyor 40 of the filling device 4. The screw conveyors 40 are set in rotation by a not visible here drive, resulting in a conveying effect according to FIG. 2 from right to left, ie from the Pressgutvorratsraum to the pressing channel 2 out results.

Between the Pressgutvorratsraum 41, in which the augers 40 are open at the top, and the press channel 2 for each auger 40 depending on a delivery channel 42 is provided which is completely closed. In the conveying channel 42, in each case the pitch of the screw conveyors 40 is less than in the pressed material storage space 41, wherein the reduction can be continuous or erratic. By this reduction The pitch of the screw conveyor 40 is carried out in each conveyor channel 42, a pre-compression of the material to be pressed, so that this already partially compressed into the interior of the press channel 2 is transferred. For introducing the material to be pressed into the pressing channel 2, one or more filling openings 22 are used, which are arranged in a side wall of the pressing channel 2 facing the conveying screws 40.

In the press channel 2, a plunger 3 is movable in the axial direction by means of a not visible here, lying in the background power drive to cause the compression of the material to be pressed in the press channel 2. The press channel 2 and the plunger 3 and its not visible here power drive are housed in a receiving housing 31 and together with this form a pre-assembled and replaceable as a unit module.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the filling device 4 as an individual part of the strand briquette press 1 according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 , The view falls in FIG. 3 obliquely from above on the arrangement of the four mutually parallel augers 40. The drive of the screw conveyor 40 via a here arranged in the foreground gear 40 'with multiple gears, wherein an associated drive motor is not shown here.

Parallel to the screw conveyor 40 and between each two adjacent augers 40 each has a guide rail 41 ', which support the conveying of the material to be pressed by means of the screw conveyors 40 and improve.

In the background the FIG. 3 Each auger 40 dips into its associated conveyor channel 42, which is closed at all times and leads to the only partially visible in the background pressing channel 2.

FIG. 4 shows the strand briquette press 1 according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 now in a longitudinal section passing through the press channel 2, the associated pressing piston 3 and the power drive 30.

Far left is down in FIG. 4 arranged the power drive 30, which here consists of a hydraulic cylinder, by means of which the plunger 3 in the axial direction forward and backward, ie according to FIG. 4 to the right and left, is movable. In FIG. 4 is the plunger 3 in its maximum retracted position, ie in its furthest to the left possible position shown. In this position, the plunger 3 is only a small part of its length in the press channel 2, wherein in this position, all filling openings 22 or the common filling opening 22 are completely released / is. In FIG. 4 The observer's gaze falls on the front end of the four conveyor screws 40, which each lie with their end region in the associated conveyor channel 42. The area of the press channel 2, in which the filling opening or filling openings 22 is / is, the filling section 21. To the right, ie in the conveying direction of the pressed material in the press channel 2, a pressing section 24 follows, in which substantially the pressing process of the material to be pressed he follows.

To perform a pressing process is the right in FIG. 4 visible, arranged at an end portion 25 of the press channel 2 Pressgutbremse 5 in its braking position, in the ejection of pressed material from the press channel, ie proper FIG. 4 to the right, is prevented. By pressing the power drive 30 in the extension direction of the plunger 3, the plunger 3 via the filling or filling openings 22 after shifted to the right, so that the newly fed by the screw conveyors 40 previously pressed material in the longitudinal direction of the press channel 2 and pushed against the Pressgutbremse 5 or against there already located compressed pressed material and pressed. When a predeterminable working pressure in the power drive 30 of the plunger 4 is detected, a desired maximum compression of the material to be pressed in the pressing section 24 of the pressing channel 2 is reached, and by an associated control the Pressgutbremse 5 is switched to its release position, after which a strand briquette of compressed material to press through the Pressgutbremse 5 through by further ancestor of the plunger 3 is ejected to the outside. To adjust the Pressgutbremse 5 here is a power drive 52, which may also be formed by a hydraulic cylinder.

The power drive 30, the plunger 3 and the filling portion 21 and the pressing portion 24 of the pressing channel 2 are together in the receiving housing 31st

Above the power drive 30 and the plunger 3 is left in FIG. 4 the pre-shredder 46 is visible in its rear view; to the right of the press material storage space 41 is also visible in its rear view.

FIG. 5 shows in an exploded view a the filling section 21 and the pressing portion 24 of the press channel 2 comprehensive pressing channel part and the plunger 3 and the power drive 30, which are all housed together in the receiving housing 31. The receiving housing 31 has a trough-shaped lower part, which is structurally designed so that it can absorb the forces generated during pressing, generated by the power drive 30. The receiving housing 31 forms together with the therein Part of the press channel 2 and the plunger 3 and the power drive 30, a preassemblable module, which is interchangeable as needed as a unit of the strand briquette press 1, whereby particularly fast repairs are possible.

Out FIG. 5 It can also be seen that here the filling section 21 of the pressing channel 2 has a single, elongated filling opening 22 for filling the pressed material into the pressing channel 2.

FIG. 6 shows in an enlarged detail of the part comprising the filling portion 21 and the pressing portion 24 of the pressing channel 2 from FIG. 5 but now in a modified embodiment, wherein the change consists in that now a total of four round filling openings 22 are provided, each one of the four screw conveyors 40 (see FIG Figure 1 to 4 ) assigned. Also does FIG. 6 clearly that here the pressing channel 2 consists of a total of four detachably connected, here screwed, press channel elements 2.1 to 2.4. This press channel elements 2.1. to 2.4 are advantageously made of flat plates that are relatively easy to work on conventional machines, whereby the production of the press channel 2 is simplified and cheaper. In the case of an area-wise wear, it is therefore sufficient to only one part, namely only the or the affected pressing channel elements 2.1. to 2.4, while not worn press channel elements 2.1 to 2.4. still usable.

This in FIG. 6 on the left, the viewer facing the end of the pressing portion 24 of the press channel 2 is the end of the press brake having the 5 Endabschnitt 25 of the press channel 2, which is not shown here is connected during assembly of the strand briquette press 1. For exact positioning and adjustment of the parts to be joined together here has a lower wall of the press channel 2 forming Presskanalelement 2.4 an axially projecting, nose-shaped, stepped receiving piece 50. This receiving piece 50 acts during assembly with a at the end portion 25 of the press channel 2 of Pressgutbremse 5 provided, gegengleichen recess positioning together.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the press channel 2 from FIG. 6 , wherein the modification consists in that the pressing channel 2 according to FIG. 7 in its filling section 21 has a single, elongated filling opening 22. At least one in the conveying direction, that is according to FIG. 7 to the left, lying edge of the filling opening 22 is formed here as a counter-blade 23 to a provided at a front end of the pressing piston 3 cutting edge. As a result, after a filling process any protruding material to be pressed when ancestor of the plunger 3 is cut off, so that it can not lead to jamming of pressed material between the inner surface of the pressing channel 2 and the plunger 3, which could disturb the function of the press 1 in total. Otherwise corresponds to the press channel 2 according to the FIG. 7 the execution according to the FIG. 6 ,

FIG. 8 shows as a detail of the press the plunger 3 together with its power drive 30th

As the FIG. 8 clarifies, the plunger 3 here has a square cross-sectional shape; Also a rectangular cross-sectional shape is possible. Furthermore, the plunger 3 consists of a not visible here inner core, on its outer surfaces wear plates 3.1 to 3.4 are mounted, here with the help of detachable screws. At the viewer facing the front side of the plunger 3, two cutting edges 33 are arranged, which are formed on also interchangeable, bolted to the core plates. By using different thickness wear plates 3.1 to 3.4 and correspondingly different sized cutting edges 33 different cross-sectional sizes of the plunger 3 can be easily realized. In adaptation thereto, press channel elements 2. 1 to 2. 2 of different size can be used for the press channel, whereby different cross sections of the press channel 2 can be realized correspondingly adapted to the different cross-sectional areas of the press piston 3, without incurring particularly large change costs. Thus, the strand briquette press 1 can be relatively easily adapted to different pressings that require different cross-sections of plunger 3 and press channel 2.

FIG. 9 shows a lower part of the strand briquette press 1, which comprises the feed device 44, the filling device 4 and the pressing channel 2. The right is the feed device 44, which is arranged under the pre-shredder not visible here and consists essentially of the screw conveyor 45, with the pre-shredded pressed material in the direction of the filling device 4 can be transported. The filling device 4 essentially consists of the parallel conveying screws 40, which open into the associated conveying channels 42, which in turn open into the pressing channel 2. The pressing channel 2 is only at his in FIG. 9 visible left end, as he is otherwise within the receiving housing 31. In this receiving housing 31 are also the plunger 3 and the power drive 30, so that they are not visible here.

At the very front of the filling device is finally still the gear 40 'for the screw conveyor 40th

That in the FIG. 9 visible left end of the press channel 2 has the in FIG. 6 already described, projecting receiving piece 50 for the adjusted connection with the in FIG. 9 not visible Pressgutbremse 5 at the end portion of the press channel. 2

FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view of a rear view of a portion of the strand briquette press 1, which includes the filling device 4 and the pressing channel 2 and the Pressgutbremse 5. In this case, the pressing channel 2 in FIG. 10 shown broken.

In the background the FIG. 10 is the filling device 4 with the upper portion forming Pressgutvorratsraum 41. In the lower part of the Pressgutvorratraums 41 are the four screw conveyors 40, of which FIG. 10 each only the press channel 2 facing the front end is partially visible. Each feed screw 40 is also located here with its part close to the press channel in its conveying channel 42. All conveying channels 42 open into the common filling opening 22 in the side of the filling section 21 of the pressing channel 2 facing the press material storage space 41.

Far left in FIG. 10 is the plunger 3, which is in its maximum retracted position, visible to a small extent.

To the right, ie in the conveying direction, joins the filling section 21 of the pressing section 24 of the press channel 2, in which the essential compression of the material to be pressed in the press channel 2 by extending the plunger 3 in the conveying direction, that is according to FIG. 10 to the right, takes place. In this pressing operation, the Pressgutbremse 5, which is arranged in the end portion 25 of the pressing channel 2, in its braking position. To adjust the Pressgutbremse 5 serves the already mentioned associated power drive 52 in the form of the top of the end portion 25 of the press channel 2 arranged hydraulic cylinder.

After compressing the pressed material in the pressing section 24, the pressed material brake 5 is transferred by operating the power drive 52 in its release position, which then by means of further extension of the plunger 3, a finished pressed strand briquette of pressed material 10 from the end portion 25 of the pressure channel 2 can be ejected.

Above and below the press channel 2 and the plunger 3 is still the parts accommodating these receiving housing 31 partially visible, which is broken away, moreover, for visualization of the parts lying therein.

FIG. 11 shows the Pressgutbremse 5 at the end portion 25 of the press channel 2 as a single part in a view obliquely from behind. In the background lies in FIG. 11 thus the area of the end portion 25 which is connected to the front end facing him of the pressing portion 24 of the pressing channel 2. For this purpose, not numbered flanges and guided through these connecting screws.

The Pressgutbremse 5 here has two opposing, arranged on the left and right side brake shoes 51, with which on the pressed material 10, a braking force is exercised when the Pressgutbremse 5 is in its braking position 5.

FIG. 12 Finally, in an enlarged cross section shows the Pressgutbremse 5 with their parts. Top in FIG. 12 the power drive 52 is visible. By means of this a left and right brake shoe 51 is adjustable via a lever arrangement 53, wherein the adjustment of the brake shoes 51 is perpendicular to the lateral surfaces of the strand of pressed material 10. In the in FIG. 12 shown position is the Pressgutbremse 5 in its release position in which the brake shoes 51 are removed from the strand of the material to be pressed 10, so that it can be ejected through the end portion 25 and the pressure material brake 5 provided therein. When the power drive 52 is actuated in the opposite direction, the two brake shoes 51 are moved towards each other and thus on the two side surfaces of the strand of the material to be pressed 10, whereby this is prevented from further displacement. For the purpose of a good guidance of the brake shoes 51 and to exercise a good braking effect on the strand of the material to be pressed 10 in the braking position, the two brake shoes 51 each have a compact material 10 of the concave surface contour.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

character description 1 Strangbrikettpresse 10 pressed material 2 Press channel 2.1 - 2.4 Press channel elements 21 reservoir section 22 Filling opening (s) 23 Bedknife (n) 24 Press section 25 end 3 plunger 3.1 - 3.4 wear plates 30 power drive 31 receiving housing 33 Cutting edges on 3 4 filling device 40 screw conveyors 40 ' transmission 41 Pressgutvorratsraum 41 ' guide rails 42 delivery channel 43 container 44 feeder device 45 screw conveyor 46 shredder 47 shredder shafts 47 ' teeth 48 hopper 48 ' pivotable funnel wall 5 Pressgutbremse 50 spigot 51 brake shoes 52 Power drive for 5 53 lever assembly

Claims (31)

Strand briquette press (1) for pressing material to be compacted (10), in particular loose waste or recyclables, having a pressing channel (2), which has a filling section (21), a pressing section (24) and an end section (25) the pressed material (10) can be introduced into the filling section (21) by means of a filling device (4) by means of a pressing piston (3) axially displaceable by a power drive (30) in the pressing section (24) (10) is compressible and wherein in the end portion (25) a Pressgutbremse (5) is arranged, which is adjustable between a pressing the material (10) in the press channel (2) decelerating pressing position and a discharge of a pressed material briquette permitting release position,
characterized ,
in that the press channel (2) consists of at least two press channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) detachably connected to one another, which can be separated from one another along at least one parting plane extending in the press channel longitudinal direction. Strand briquette press according to claim 1, characterized in that the press channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) are screwed together. Strand briquetting press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the press channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) consist of flat plates. Strand briquette press according to claim 3, characterized in that the plates are arranged at right angles to each other and that the pressing channel (2) formed therein has a rectangular, preferably square, cross-section. Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) are arranged in a receiving housing (31). Strand briquette press according to claim 5, characterized in that the receiving housing (31) in the form of a receptacle, in which the pressing channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) are detachably mounted, is executed. Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the receiving housing (31) and the pressing piston (3) and its power drive (30) are arranged. Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing piston (3) consists of a core, around which wear plates (3.1 - 3.4) are detachably mounted. Strand briquetting press according to claim 8, characterized in that the wear plates (3.1-3.4) consist of plates bolted to the core or to the core and to each other, which plates are made of a particularly wear-resistant material. Strand briquetting press according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that several sets of around the core of the plunger (3) mountable around wear plates (3.1 - 3.4) are provided, which differ in their strength, so that a smaller or larger cross-sectional area of the plunger ( 3) is feasible, and that a plurality of sets of pressing channel elements (2.1 - 2.4) are provided which differ in their dimensions, dimensionally matched to the wear plates (3.1 - 3.4), so that a smaller or larger cross-sectional area of the pressing channel (2) , is feasible to match the respective cross-sectional area of the plunger (3). Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing piston (3) on its the pressed material (10) facing the end face with at least one filling opening (22) or filling openings (22) sweeping in a pressing stroke cutting edge (33) and that each filling opening (22) is formed at its rear end seen in the conveying direction of the material to be pressed (10) in the press channel (2) as a counter-blade (23) or with a counter-blade (23) to the cutting edge (33) of the plunger (3). Strand briquetting press according to claim 11, characterized in that the / each cutting edge (33) as a separate, removable component on the plunger (3) is mounted and made of a more wear-resistant material than the remaining parts of the plunger (3) and that the / each counter blade ( 23) is mounted as a separate, removable component on the press channel (2) and made of a more wear-resistant material as the remaining parts of the press channel (2). Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stroke of the plunger (3) is so long that a main pressing operation of the material to be pressed (10) only in the conveying direction of the material to be pressed (10) in the press channel (2) seen behind the filling opening / the filling openings (22) lying pressing section (24) of the press channel (2) takes place. Strand briquetting press according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a single filling opening (22) in the form of an opening in a wall of the pressing channel (2) is provided. Strand briquette press according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a plurality of spaced apart in the axial direction of the press channel (2) filling openings (22) are each provided in the form of an opening in a wall of the press channel (2). Strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling device (4) has at least one screw conveyor (40) or at least one delivery slide. Strand briquette press according to claim 16, characterized in that in the filling device (4) a plurality of screw conveyors (40) or a plurality of slide valves are provided and that each screw conveyor (40) or each delivery slide is assigned its own filling opening (22). Strand briquette press according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the screw conveyors (40) or delivery slide at the bottom of a pressed material storage space (41) are arranged and that by means of screw conveyors (40) or feed slide the pressed material (10) from the Pressgutvorratsraum (41) removable and in the press channel (2) is conveyed into it. Strand briquette press according to claim 18, characterized in that the conveying screws (40) or delivery slides extend over a part of their axial length in a closed conveying channel (42) which lies between the pressed material storage container (41) and the pressing channel (2). Strand briquette press according to claim 18, characterized in that in the closed conveying channel (42), the pitch of the screw conveyor (40) decreases steadily or suddenly. Strand briquette press according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the conveyor screws (40) are mounted on one side and driven on the same side. Strand briquette press according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the conveyor screws (40) are mounted on both sides and driven on one side. Strand briquette press according to one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that the pressed material storage space (41) is formed by an upwardly open, funnel-shaped container (43). Strand briquette press according to one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that the press material storage space (41) by a feed device (44) with pressed material (10) can be fed. Strand briquette press according to claim 24, characterized in that the feed device (44) by a transport screw (45) is formed, by means of which the Pressgutvorratsraum (41) from below or from the side can be filled. Strand briquette press according to claim 25, characterized in that the conveying screw (45) is preceded by a pre-shredder (46) for particulate pressed material (10). Strand briquette press according to claim 26, characterized in that the pre-shredder (46) is a shredder with a plurality of counter-rotatably driven, with teeth (47 ') and / or knives stocked shredder shafts (47). The strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end section (25) of the press channel (2) having the press material brake (5) is adjusted via at least one positive reception and releasably connected to the remaining press channel (2). Strand briquette press according to claim 28, characterized in that the positive reception on the one hand by a V-shaped, tongue-like protruding Receiving piece (50) and on the other hand formed by a gegengleiche recess. The strand briquette press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press material brake (5) has two brake shoes (51) acting on two opposite longitudinal sides of the material to be pressed (10). Strand briquette press according to claim 28, characterized in that the brake shoes (51) are convex viewed from the press channel (2).

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