DE202007007031U1 - Briquetting press for manufacturing briquettes from types of dust, splinters, fibers, shreds or such briquettable material, comprises means for supplying the material, and means for introducing the material into press chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

A briquetting press for manufacturing briquettes (50) from types of dust, splinters, fibers, shreds or such briquettable material (80), comprises means for supplying the material, means for introducing the material into a press chamber (38), means for forming expandable channels (22), in which already manufactured briquettes are wedging-fixable for forming counter bearing during the pressing process of further briquettes, and a press stamp (28) in the press chamber influencing on the material. The means (24, 26) for forming the channel exhibits lower pliers units. The briquetting press for manufacturing briquettes (50) from types of dust, splinters, fibers, shreds or such briquettable material (80), comprises means for supplying the material, means for introducing the material into a press chamber (38), means for forming expandable channels (22), in which already manufactured briquettes are wedging-fixable for forming counter bearing during the pressing process of further briquettes, and a press stamp (28) in the press chamber influencing on the material. The means (24, 26) for forming the channel exhibits lower pliers units displaceable and/or swiveling against upper pliers units. The upper and lower pliers units are arranged between two side plates. The upper pliers unit is connected to the lower pliers unit and/or the two side plates over a crank lever. The internal contour of the channel and the outer contour of the press stamp are formed as polygon contour formed as regular hexagon contour. A filling chamber is available on the press chamber and the material is compressed in the filling chamber by a filling slider. The press stamp is a hydraulically operated press cylinder. The press stamp brings the compressed material into the press chamber. The filling slider is a hydraulically operated filling cylinder. Wedging-fixing of the upper and lower pliers units takes place over the hydraulically operated pliers cylinders. The lower area of the filling chamber is formed by the upper outline of the lower pliers units protruding over the upper pliers units. The filling slider in its forehead side turned to the filling chamber shows a cross section outline, which results together with the upper outline of the protruding area of the lower pliers units, whose cross-section correspond to the cross section of the channel. The channel exhibits a conically tapered internal contour running in longitudinal direction of the press chamber.

Description

TECHNICAL TERRITORY

The The present invention relates to a briquetting press for manufacturing of briquettes made of dusts, shavings, fibers, Chipping or the like briquettable material with means for feeding of the material to be briquetted, means for disposing of the briquettable material in a compression chamber, means for forming an expandable channel in which already made briquettes are temporarily clamped fixable for forming an abutment during the Pressing another briquette, and one in the baling chamber on the pressing material acting on brikettierbare material.

such Briquetting presses are used for economic disposal or treatment different materials, due to their structure relatively large Volume in proportion take to their density. Briquetting makes this volume significantly reduced. In the daily Need to use Such presses extraordinarily be robust and high reliability at the same time ensuring a high level of utility in order to ensure an economic To enable use.

When To brikettierbarem material come, for example, wood dusts and Wood chips, Copper shavings, Aluminum chips, Paper dust, tobacco, wool, pulp, chipboard, chips, Straw, Styrofoam or the like into consideration.

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

Briquetting presses of the aforementioned type are known which work according to the following functional principle:
A screw conveyor transports the material to be briquetted into the filling tower. This builds up in the filling tower. When reaching a predetermined amount, the auger stops. In the next step, the briquetting volume is forced through a filling slide into a cylindrical press bush, which as a rule consists of hardened steel and has a slot-shaped recess on the upper side. The filling slide holds its lower end position while a pressing ram moves forward, thereby pressing the briquette inside the pressing bush. As an abutment serve in the step previously pressed briquettes within the channel, since they are held at the time of pressing clamped in the channel. The channel is formed by two forceps units which are formed around a pivot point expandable against each other, wherein the clamping force of the forceps units is ensured by a hydraulically actuated forceps cylinder. After reaching a preset pressure value on the side of the press ram, the two clamp units open by a predetermined amount and the finished briquette is pushed out by a further stroke of the press ram. The cycle begins again by closing the clamp units and by moving back the ram and the filling slide with subsequent refilling.

at Such briquetting presses occur in some materials the briquette pressed in the press bush is no longer made of this solve, there the briquette is surrounded by a more or less rigid wall. This is especially true for dusts on a mineral basis, with rock wool products, with Eternitstäuben or in the case of glue-containing substances, the case, which during pressing a very great liability develop with the surrounding wall. Such a "clogging" of the press bush leads to Standstill of the entire briquetting press and is often only Can be repaired by replacing the press bush.

PRESENTATION THE INVENTION

outgoing of the cited prior art is the present invention the technical problem or the problem underlying a Briquetting press of the type mentioned above, the one has robust construction, has a high utility and a permanently reliable Function guaranteed. In particular, a "clogging" of the press room be reliably avoided with the result of the standstill of the press.

The Briquetting press according to the invention is by the characteristics of the independent Claim 1 given. Advantageous embodiments are the subject that of the independent Claim 1 directly or indirectly dependent claims.

The draws briquetting press according to the invention itself accordingly from that the pressing chamber through the beginning of the press channel is formed. By laying the press chamber in the starting area the press channel may be the press bushing commonly used in the art Completely omitted. Since the pressing channel designed as such expandable is, a "clogging" or "clogging" can not take place, when pushing out the finished briquette from the press room the wall surrounding this briquette gives way and thus no high resistance to push out can build.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the briquetting press according to the invention is characterized in that the means for forming a channel, a lower fixed pliers unit and have a relation to the lower nipper unit displaceable and / or rotatable upper nipper unit. By allowing displaceability between the two tong units, the pressed briquettes in the channel can relax at the time of pushing out due to the yielding of the surrounding channel wall, resulting in a smooth push-out operation.

A Particularly preferred development, structurally particularly simple is constructed and ensures a permanently reliable function guaranteed characterized in that the upper and lower pliers unit between two side plates are arranged, wherein the upper tong unit via a crank lever movable to the lower clamp unit or the two Side plates connected. In this case, a particularly advantageous embodiment be implemented, which is characterized in that the crank lever over a first axis of rotation on the upper tong unit and each one above second axis of rotation hingedly connected to the two side plates is.

at the known briquetting presses is the inner cross section of the channel and the cross section of the ram formed as a circular cross-section. According to one variant according to the invention the cross-section of the channel and of the press ram can be used as a regular polygon contour, especially regular hexagon contour be educated. Comparing the cross-sectional area of a regular hexagon with the area an inscribed circular inner contour, so is the cross-sectional seen hexagonal surface slight bigger, what a greater press force has to follow, however, is a significantly higher volume in terms of Filling length available. This results in a first uncompressed volume of the filling space volume that is about 30 percent higher than a cylindrical one Contour. This is a higher throughput guaranteed per cycle unit. About that In addition, the filling width larger at a hexagon contour, because the diagonal length the hexagon contour opposite the radius of an inscribed circle is larger. This also affects beneficial to an elevated Throughput. Thus, the economic use of such Briquetting presses are increased.

A structurally particularly simple embodiment, in which the basic structure the already known briquetting press be implemented as far as possible can, is characterized by the fact that one of the bale chamber upstream filling space is present in which the introduced to brikettierbare material through a filling slide is pre-compressed.

According to one Particularly advantageous embodiment brings here the ram the pre-compacted to brikettierbare material in the press room easy insertion.

Either the punch as well as the filling slide are preferably part of a, in particular hydraulically operable Cylinder system, which is controlled accordingly by a control device becomes.

Also the temporary clamping of the tong units forming the channel, is preferred over pliers cylinder units implemented, which can be operated in particular hydraulically and also over a control device to be controlled.

A structurally particularly simple embodiment of the filling space is characterized by the fact that the lower area of the filling space through the upper contour of the over the upper clamp unit in this area protruding lower clamp unit is formed, according to a further advantageous embodiment, the Füllraumgeometrie is completed by that the filling slide in his the stuffing room facing end face has a cross-sectional contour which together with the contour of the protruding Area of the lower pliers unit corresponding to the cross section of the channel Cross section results.

A particularly preferred embodiment, the permanently reliable function the already pressed briquettes within the channel at the temporary Ensures clamping for the production of another briquette, Characterized by the fact that the channel has a longitudinal direction away from the bale chamber slightly conically tapered inner contour having.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the claims listed Features and by the embodiments given below. The features of the claims can be combined in any way as far as they are concerned not obviously mutually exclusive.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE DRAWING

The Invention as well as advantageous embodiments and developments The same will be described below with reference to the drawings Examples closer described and explained. The The description and the drawing to be taken features can individually for themselves or applied to several in any combination according to the invention become. Show it:

1 highly schematic representation of a briquetting press, wherein the pressing space in the Be rich formed by the two relatively movable pliers units at the beginning of the same,

2 schematized transparent detailed side view of a briquetting press in the area of formation of the briquettes,

3 schematic detail front view of the briquetting press according to 2 in partly explosive representation,

4 highly schematic perspective exploded view of the briquetting press according to 2 (rotated by 180 °),

5 highly schematic perspective view of the briquetting press according to 4 in transparent representation (without press stamp) and

6a to e highly schematic side view of the procedures for forming a briquette with the briquetting press according to 2 ,

WAYS TO EXECUTE INVENTION

An in 1 strongly schematized briquetting press 10 has a filling tower 14 with a vertically displaceable (arrow FS) filling slide 16 on, with the filling tower 14 from a storage container 12 out about not in 1 illustrated funding with material to be briquetted 80 is charged. The storage tank 12 is filled from the outside (arrow B in 1 ). The filling process is in 1 schematically represented by the arrow F.

The lower area of the filling tower 14 has a filling space 18 into which the material to be briquetted 80 passes during the filling process. Immediately next to the filling room 18 is a lower, stationary clamp unit 26 present on which an upper clamp unit 24 is stored, wherein the upper tong unit 24 relative to the lower tong unit 26 a rotation and displacement movement (arrows D and V in 1 ). The upper clamp unit 24 and the lower tong unit 26 form a channel 22 that with the filling space 18 is in communication connection.

On the upper clamp unit 24 can not be shown in more detail pliers cylinder clamping force (arrow K in 1 ), depending on the process step in which the briquetting press 10 located. The method of producing the briquettes will be described below.

On the pliers units 24 . 26 opposite side of the filling space 18 is a press stamp 28 present, passing through the filling room 18 through to the canal 22 can be moved into (stroke H). press die 28 , Filling space 18 and channel 22 lie on a common longitudinal axis.

Within the channel 22 are cyclically briquettes 50 produced, each with each production cycle a briquette 54 from the right end of the channel 22 is ejected or separated.

In the 2 to 5 is highly schematized a structural design of the briquetting press 10 shown with the essential components, has been dispensed with an illustration of control device with corresponding lines for driving the movements of the individual components.

The briquetting press 10 has two parallel spaced side plates 40 , in the space between the upper and lower pliers unit 24 . 26 and the press stamp 28 are arranged. In the in 2 right half of the side plates 40 is flush with the lower edge of the lower clamp unit 26 stuck with the side plates 40 connected. The lower clamp unit 26 has an upper cross-sectional contour 72 which corresponds to half the contour of a regular hexagon. Upper side is on the lower pliers unit 26 the upper clamp unit 24 arranged, the underside of a lower cross-sectional contour 74 which also corresponds to the contour of a half regular hexagon. The two contours 74 . 72 form the channel 22 thus having a regular hexagonal peripheral contour.

The lower clamp unit 26 sticking out in her in 2 left end area over the upper pliers unit 24 and forms in this towering area the lower part of the filling space 18 , Above the filling space 18 is the filling tower 14 arranged, the two spaced forehead cheeks 30 across the canal 22 are arranged, and two side walls 34 parallel to the canal 22 are arranged. The end walls 30 extend to the upper edge of the protruding area of the lower clamp unit 26 and have an outer contour in the transverse direction on the underside 32 that of the lower contour 74 the upper clamp unit 24 equivalent.

The viewer of the 2 facing side wall 34 is shortened at the bottom, so that there is a filling opening 20 results, through which the material to be briquetted can be introduced from the outside (arrow F in 2 ).

Inside the filling tower 18 is a vertically movable (arrow FS in 2 ) Filler 16 present, which has a lower outer contour 70 that has the lower contour 74 the upper clamp unit 24 also corresponds.

On the canal 22 opposite side of the filling space 18 is at its height a longitudinally displaceable press ram 28 present, being in the side walls 34 at the level of the press ram 28 in each case a longitudinal cutout 36 is available. The press stamp 28 has a cross section which is formed as a regular hexagon, which is dimensioned such that the press ram 28 through the filling space 18 until the canal 22 can be moved into it. The press stamp 28 is part of a pressurizable hydraulic cylinder via a control device.

The directly to the filling space 18 subsequent beginning of the channel 22 is as a press chamber 38 formed, which will be described below.

The representations of the perspectives according to 4 and 5 are opposite to the representation in 2 rotated by 180 ° seen in a plan view. According to the clear presentation in 4 or in 5 the rotatable and displaceable connection of the upper clamp unit takes place 24 each one in an inwardly open recess of the side plates 40 existing crank lever 42 , The crank lever 42 has a first lever hole 62 and a second lever hole 64 , The upper clamp unit 24 has a transverse to its longitudinal direction pliers bore 66 on, in a run with the first lever hole 62 is, wherein the rotatable connection is effected by a bolt, not shown (axis of rotation 44 in 4 respectively 5 ). In the wall of each side plate 40 is a sidewall hole 68 present, which are aligned with the second lever bore 64 is arranged. In the second lever hole 64 and the sidewall bore 68 will also be in 4 respectively 5 Bolt not shown introduced, so that on both sides in each case a second axis of rotation 46 is available. Through this "crankshaft-like" connection, the upper pliers unit 24 a coupled rotation and displacement movement relative to the lower tong unit 26 carry out.

Upper side are on the upper tong unit 24 in each case two longitudinally spaced receptacles 48 present, which is suitable for receiving axial spherical plain bearings 49 (please refer 2 ) of clamping cylinders arranged above it 60 serve, which are also acted upon by the control device.

By means of the clamping cylinder 60 can the upper clamp unit 24 on the lower clamp unit 26 be clamped. These are the clamping cylinder 60 at least with the side plates 40 fixedly connected, which is not shown in the figures.

The production of briquettes 50 will be described below with reference to the highly schematic representation according to 6a to e described. Starting from 6a becomes the filling room 18 over the filling opening 20 with material to be briquetted 80 filled. In the channel 22 are briquettes made at this time already in past process steps 50 , On the upper clamp unit 24 work the in 6 not shown clamping cylinder (symbolically represented by the arrow K), so that in the channel 22 existing briquettes 50 due to this clamping force K clamping within the channel 22 be fixed and can form an abutment at a later pressing process.

Once the material to be briquetted 80 filled is the filling slide moves 16 - controlled by the control device - downwards (FS in 6a ) and ensures a certain precompression of the material to be briquetted 80 inside the filling space 18 , The next to the filling room 18 existing pressing chamber 38 is still empty at this time.

The closed filling room 18 is thus due to the lower contour 70 of the filling slide 16 and partially the upper contour 72 the lower clamp unit 26 educated.

As soon as the filling slide is in its lower end position according to 6b has reached, presses the punch 28 in the direction of the canal 22 spends and pre-compressed in the filling existing briquetting material 80 in the press room 38 (Stroke H1 in 6b ).

Now the actual pressing process begins by further extension of the press ram 28 (Stroke H2 in 6c ), in which state the briquettes already made 50 within the channel 22 form an abutment.

Once a preset press force P (see 6d ) is reached, via a control unit, the clamping cylinder 60 switched without pressure, that is, the clamping force K is completely eliminated, and at the same time the ram 28 extended by the stroke H3 on. Since the clamping force K is omitted in this state, the channel can 22 as a result of the movable mounting of the upper tong unit 24 expand, allowing trouble-free shifting of the already made briquettes 50 and the currently produced briquette 52 within the channel 22 is possible and an ejected briquette 54 can be removed. The briquette made in this process cycle is in the 6d and e with the reference numeral 52 specified.

Due to the fact that according to the invention the pressing space 38 in the initial area of the expandable channel 22 can be put on the provision of a press bush, which in the prior art in the area of the filling space 18 is disposed of completely. A clogging of the channel 22 by baking the briquette 52 with the surrounding wall is reliably prevented because the channel wall expands at the given time and thus further transport of the manufactured briquette 52 by further pushing out of the press ram 28 is guaranteed without problems. In the described embodiment, the "widening" of the channel takes place 22 by depressurized switch the clamping cylinder 60 (ie, K = O), because the briquetted material has a tendency to expand slightly upon release.

The widening of the canal 22 can also be defined via controllable displacement means, such as lifting cylinders or the like, take place. It is also conceivable that the upper pliers part for lifting (relieving) and lowering (terminals) performs only a displacement movement in the vertical direction.

Claims (14)

Briquetting press ( 10 ) for making briquettes ( 50 ) of dusts, shavings, fibers, chips or the like brikettierbarem material ( 80 ) with - means for feeding (F) the material to be briquetted ( 80 ), - means for transferring the material to be briquetted ( 80 ) in a compression chamber ( 38 ), - means ( 24 . 26 ) for forming an expandable channel ( 22 ), in the already prepared briquettes ( 50 ) are temporarily clamped (K) can be fixed to form an abutment during the pressing process of another briquette ( 52 ), and - one in the baling chamber ( 38 ) on the material to be briquetted ( 80 ) acting punch ( 28 ), - characterized in that - the pressing chamber ( 38 ) through the beginning of the channel ( 22 ) is formed. Briquetting press according to claim 1, - characterized in that - the means for forming a channel ( 22 ) a lower fixed pliers unit ( 26 ) and one opposite the lower pliers unit ( 26 ) displaceable and / or rotatable upper pliers unit ( 24 ) exhibit. Briquetting press according to claim 2, - characterized in that - the upper and lower pliers unit ( 24 . 26 ) between two side plates ( 40 ), wherein the upper tong unit ( 24 ) via a crank lever ( 48 ) movable to the lower tong unit ( 26 ) or the two side plates ( 40 ) connected. Briquetting press according to claim 3, - characterized in that - the crank lever ( 42 ) via a first axis of rotation ( 44 ) on the upper clamp unit ( 24 ) and in each case via a second axis of rotation ( 46 ) on the two side plates ( 40 ) is hinged. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - the inner contour of the channel ( 22 ) and according to the outer contour of the punch ( 28 ) are formed as a polygon contour. Briquetting press according to claim 5, - thereby marked that - the Polygon contour formed as a regular hexagon contour is. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - one of the pressing chamber ( 38 ) upstream filling space ( 18 ) in which the introduced briquettable material ( 80 ) by a filling slide ( 16 ) is pre-compressed. Briquetting press according to claim 7, - characterized in that - the press ram ( 28 ) the precompactable briquetting material ( 80 ) from the filling space ( 18 ) into the press room ( 38 ) spends. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - the press ram ( 28 ) Part of a, in particular hydraulically operated, pressing cylinder is. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - the filling slide ( 16 ) Part of a, in particular hydraulically operated, filling cylinder is. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - the temporary clamping fixing of the upper and lower pliers unit ( 24 . 26 ) via one or more, in particular hydraulically operated, pliers cylinder takes place. Briquetting press according to claim 7, - characterized in that - the lower region of the filling space ( 18 ) through the upper contour of the upper pliers unit ( 24 ) in this area protruding lower forceps unit ( 26 ) is formed. Briquetting press according to claim 12, - characterized in that - the filling slide ( 16 ) in its the filling space ( 18 ) facing a cross-sectional contour ( 70 ), which together with the upper contour of the projecting portion of the lower nipper unit ( 26 ) a the cross-section of the channel ( 28 ) corresponding cross-section results. Briquetting press according to one or more of the preceding claims, - characterized in that - the channel ( 22 ) a longitudinal direction of the pressing chamber ( 38 ) Has away slightly tapered tapered inner contour.