EP3017939A1 - Baling press - Google Patents
Baling press Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3017939A1 EP3017939A1 EP15191417.3A EP15191417A EP3017939A1 EP 3017939 A1 EP3017939 A1 EP 3017939A1 EP 15191417 A EP15191417 A EP 15191417A EP 3017939 A1 EP3017939 A1 EP 3017939A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- pressed
- filling
- pressing
- press
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
- B30B9/3078—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor with precompression means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
- B30B9/3003—Details
- B30B9/301—Feed means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a baler for producing pressed bales of pressed material, such as cardboard, packaging waste or waste paper, with a horizontal press channel with an upper-side filler opening, with a movable in the press channel by a power drive back and forth plunger, with a pivotable by a power drive, the Filling opening optionally releasing and occluding Vorpressklappe, which forms in its open position part of a boundary of a filling channel, which is upstream of the filling opening, and in its closed position forms part of an upper wall of the press channel, and with at least one upstream feed device, with which the pressed material to be pressed to which and / or through the filling opening is conveyed.
- a baler for producing pressed bales of pressed material, such as cardboard, packaging waste or waste paper
- a baler of the type mentioned is from the DE 29 44 328 A1 known.
- the upstream supply device consists of a rotatably driven screw conveyor, which is arranged in a vertical filling channel.
- the screw conveyor By means of the screw conveyor, the pressed material, in particular paper material, which has been introduced into the filling channel at the top, is conveyed downwards in the filling channel against a flap closing the bottom end thereof and thereby precompressed.
- the auger is switched off and the flap is opened, whereupon the precompressed material to be compacted by the now released from the flap filling opening in the horizontally extending pressure channel to be compacted there by means of the plunger finally into a pressed bale.
- a disadvantage of this prior art is that a prior crushing of the pressed material is required in relatively small parts, so that it can be promoted by the auger and pre-compressed.
- the precompressed pressed material falls out of the filling channel, it comes through the filling opening in the press channel easily to a loosening of the pressed material, which at least partially nullifies the effected with the screw conveyor precompression.
- the known press achieves only a limited efficiency.
- the DE 39 26 907 A1 shows a baler for paper and other bales of compressible waste material, in which a press box is fed from above a hopper.
- the filling duct opens at one end into a press channel, into which a press ram can be inserted through the press box from its opposite end side.
- the bottom and side walls of the press box go over in alignment with walls of the press channel.
- a below a channel-side end wall of the hopper ending ceiling wall of the press channel to the press box out a cutter bar is upstream.
- the press is further equipped with a pre-press mounted on the filling shaft, which can be moved in and out of a retraction position releasing the filling shaft into a pressing position forming a cover surface for the press box.
- the pre-press covers the press box only partially, leaving a pinch-safe distance from the channel-side end wall of the feed tube. This distance avoids the formation of tight nips, which can lead to blockages when depressing the pre-press, in which approximately compact book or file material jammed between pre-press and end wall of the hopper.
- this baler is a complete top-side completion of the press box dispensable and a certain supernatant of material on the press box or Presskanalquerites harmless, since insofar as the cutting system of cutting bar and - possibly provided with a cutting edge - press stamp for a separation.
- a disadvantage here is considered that the press ram or piston of a high load by the necessary shear forces for separating protruding material, i. Pressgut, which can lead to tilting or even bending of the press ram or piston and / or its drive elements.
- a baler of the type mentioned which is characterized in that before or in the filling channel a at least one toothed, rotatably driven rotor roller exhibiting rotor conveyor is arranged by means of which pressed material to be pressed with an open pre-press through the filling channel and the Filling opening under precompression in the press channel is conveyed, and that the pre-presser and the filling opening are designed with cooperating cutting, by means of which when moving the pre-presser in the closing direction located in the region of the filling opening is cut off.
- a baler is created with a particularly good efficiency, since the pressed material to be pressed is conveyed by the rotor conveyor directly into the press channel and pre-compressed in this. With each pressing stroke of the pressing piston, an increased amount of material to be compacted is compressed, which reduces the number of pressing strokes necessary for producing a pressing bale, and thus the expenditure of time and energy. It does not matter for the effectiveness of the feed and pre-compression, whether the pressed material is obtained in smaller or larger parts, since the rotor conveyor with its rotor roller can process virtually any size pressed material, as long as the pressed material fits through the filling channel.
- the pre-pressing flap and the filling opening are designed with cooperating cutting edges, by means of which pressed material located in the region of the filling opening can be cut off when the pre-pressing flap moves in the closing direction, it is reliably achieved that no pressed material is formed between the edges and the filling opening during closing of the pre-pressing flap jammed and leads to malfunction of the pre-presser and / or the plunger.
- a further embodiment proposes that a first, fixed cutting edge on a lying away from the pivot axis of the pre-pressing flap edge of the filling opening and a second one; movable cutting edge is disposed on a remote from the pivot axis of the pre-pressing flap edge of the pre-pressing flap. So here only two cutting edges are needed, which requires little manufacturing and assembly costs.
- the filling channel and the filling opening are expediently shaped and guided in such a way that cutting of pressed material is required only at the named edges and that pressed material practically can not reach the area of the other edges. If necessary but can be provided on more or all edges of pre-presser and filling opening cooperating cutting.
- the cutting edges are expediently designed as interchangeable cutting edges. In this way, the blades can be replaced quickly if necessary.
- the filling channel is preceded by a Pressgutbunker having a bottom in the form of a cylinder jacket portion and in which pressed material to be pressed can be introduced and / or manually einwerfbar, and that in the Pressgutbunker a by means of a power drive on the ground back and forth conveyor rocker is arranged with a cross-sectionally approximately triangular conveyor head, by means of which during its movement toward the filling channel pressed material to the filling channel is conveyed out and which on movement in the direction away from the filling channel is moved through the pressed material.
- the rotor conveyor With the conveyor head of the conveyor rocker the rotor conveyor can always be fed a suitable Mange of pressed material in operation, the amount of conveyed by the conveyor head pressed material can be determined by its dimensions and / or its movement frequency and adjusted respectively. A blockage of the rotor conveyor by an excessive amount of zuge felicittem pressed material can thus be avoided in a technically simple manner, which contributes to a high operational reliability of the baler.
- the pressed material can also be thrown or conveyed without regard to the already existing level in the pressed material bunker in this, since the conveyor rocker always transported only a suitable, limited amount of pressed material to the rotor conveyor. A discontinuous loading of the pressed bunker, as it is very common in practical use, is therefore not disturbing to the function of the baler according to the invention.
- concentric with the pivot axis of the edge of the pre-press flap, which is remote from the pivot axis extends extending radius wall to the outside, which closes the filling channel when the pre-press flap located in the closed position.
- the pressing channel preferably has an adjustable baling brake or an adjustable door at a rear end section viewed in the pressing direction.
- the pressed material can be compacted by the plunger.
- the bale brake is released or the door is opened and the bale can be ejected from the baler or removed.
- a bale-setting device is expediently arranged in a rear end section of the press channel or behind the press channel.
- the power drive of the pressing piston and / or the power drive of the pre-pressing flap and / or the power drive of the conveyor rocker are each controlled by one or more hydraulic piston-cylinder Units are formed / is.
- the rotor conveyor is rotatably driven by a hydraulic or electric motor, whereby a reliable operation is ensured.
- FIG. 1 shows a baler 1 according to the invention in a perspective view obliquely from above.
- the baler 1 is here a horizontal press, so a press with a horizontally extending press channel 5.
- the baler 1 is placed on a footprint 6 immediately in front of a ramp 60 so that they comfortable from the ramp 60 with to be pressed material 11, such as Paper, cardboard, cardboard or the like material, can be charged.
- the baling press 1 In its area facing the ramp 60, the baling press 1 has a pressed goods bunker 2 into which the pressed material 11 to be pressed can be introduced manually or via a conveying device.
- the Pressgutbunker 2 is bounded by side walls 21 and open at the top. Its bottom, which is not visible here, has the shape of a cylinder jacket section.
- a conveyor rocker 22 In the Pressgutbunker 2 a conveyor rocker 22 is arranged, which is reciprocally movable by means of a power drive back and forth while transported with a parallel to the ground conveyor head 23 pressed material 11 toward a filling channel not visible here.
- the filling channel is an in FIG. 1 Assigned concealed rotor conveyor, which is rotatably driven by a motor 32.
- the filling channel leads to a filling opening of the press channel 5, which passes through a FIG. 1 likewise concealed, pivotable pre-press flap can be optionally opened and closed.
- the pressing channel 5 ends in the left part of FIG. 1 in a discharge opening 55 from which finished pressed bales can be dispensed.
- the pressed bales are deposited here on a bale level surface 56 which has upwardly projecting longitudinal ribs 57 in order to be able to reach under the bales with a conveying means, such as forklifts or pallet trucks, and to be able to transport them away.
- the in FIG. 1 left lying end portion of the press channel 5 is designed as an adjustable baler brake 53, on the one hand for the pressing process to apply a back pressure and on the other hand to push out a finished pressed bales can.
- a baling device 54 is associated with the press channel 5 before the press bale brake 53, which is of a known type and serves to attach to the press bales a bond that holds the pressed bales together and makes him transportable and storable.
- baler 1 The function of the baler 1 and its active components is controlled and monitored by a switching and control unit 13, which may be, for example, a PLC controller.
- FIGS. 2 to 8 show the baler 1 off FIG. 1 in various successive operating positions, in each case in a schematic vertical longitudinal section through a front region of the baler 1 from the press bunker 2 up to and including the bale binder 54.
- the baler 1 has a supporting frame 10 on or on which the individual parts of the baler 1 are mounted.
- the Pressgutbunker 2 Top right in FIG. 2 is the Pressgutbunker 2 with one of its side walls 21 recognizable.
- the bottom 20 of the pressed material bunker 2 is bent in the form of a cylinder jacket section.
- the conveyor rocker 22 Within the Pressgutbunkers 2, the conveyor rocker 22 is arranged, which is pivotable about a horizontal, perpendicular to the plane of the drawing pivot axis 22 'by means of a non-visible power drive back and forth.
- the conveyor rocker 22 has a conveying head 23, which sweeps over the bottom 20 during the pivoting movement of the conveyor rocker 22.
- the conveying head 23 has a substantially triangular shape in cross section with a front end face 24 running in the radial direction of the conveyor rocker 22 and a pointed rear side 25.
- pressed material to be pressed In the interior of the pressed material bunker 2 is pressed material to be pressed 11, here for example in the form of cardboard, which was thrown through the open top of the pressed material bunker 2 in this.
- the filling material hopper 2 is followed by a filling channel 3, to which a rotor conveyor 30 is assigned.
- the bottom 20 ends at its in the drawing to the left-facing side immediately in front of the filling channel 3.
- the conveyor rocker 22 By means of the conveyor rocker 22, the pressed material 11 to be pressed can be conveyed in the direction of the filling channel 3.
- the rotor conveyor 30 here consists of a rotatably driven rotor roller 31, which is occupied at its periphery with teeth 31 '. Under the rotor roller 31 is a mating surface 33, so that upon rotation of the rotor roller 31, this the pressed material 11 detected with their teeth 31 'and promotes through the filling channel 3.
- the filling channel 3 leads obliquely downwards to a filling opening 4 of the horizontal pressing channel 5.
- the filling opening 4 is selectively releasable with a pivoting about a pivot axis 40 'pre-pressing flap 40, as in FIG. 2 shown or lockable.
- a power drive 42 here in the form of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit. In its open position, the underside of the pre-pressing flap 40 forms part of the boundary of the filling channel 3.
- the filling opening 4 has a first, fixed cutting edge 43.
- An edge of the pre-pressing flap 40 facing the rotor conveyor 30 is arranged with this movable cutting edge 44 so that the pre-pressing flap pivots 40, the cutting edges 43 and 44 cooperate and cut in this area located pressed material 11.
- a plunger 50 by means of an associated power drive 52 can be moved back and forth, in FIG. 2 the plunger 50 is shown in its fully retracted position. In this position, there is an end face 51 of the plunger 50, that is, according to the drawing right from the right edge of the filling opening 4. Below the filling opening 4 is a front section 5.1 of the press channel 5, which is still empty here. In a very left in FIG. 2 visible end portion 5.2 of the press channel 5 is already compacted to a pressed bale 12 pressed material.
- bale binding device 54 is visible, which is of a type known per se.
- FIG. 3 shows the baler 1 during filling of the front section 5.1 of the press channel 5 with pressed material 11.
- the conveyor rocker 22 in the direction of the arrow shown here, here in a clockwise direction, ie in the direction of the filling channel 3 and rotor conveyor 30, pivoted.
- the pressed material 11 located in the pressed material bunker 2 is fed to the rotor conveyor 30.
- Pressed material 11 which can not be processed directly by the rotor conveyor 30, falls back on the conveyor head 23 of the conveyor rocker 22 back into the right part of the pressed material bunker 2.
- the conveyor rocker 22 of the conveyor head 23 moves with its pointed back 25 ahead the pressed material 11th This is then moved forward again during the next pivoting of the conveyor rocker 22 in the direction of the rotor conveyor 30.
- An overload of the rotor conveyor 30 is avoided.
- the rotor conveyor 30 detects and conveys with its rotor roller 31 in cooperation with the counter surface 33 arranged underneath the pressed material 11 and transports it under pre-compression through the filling channel 3 and the open filling opening 4 below the lying in the open position Prepressklappe 40 in the front section 5.1 of the press channel. 5 ,
- the pre-pressing flap 40 is pivoted by means of the power drive 42 about its pivot axis 40 'in the closing direction.
- the cooperating cutting edges 43 and 44 come into action and cut off the pressed material 11 remaining in the region of the cutting edges 43, 44 in the filling channel 3.
- the pivoting of the pre-pressing flap 40 downwards ensures a further precompression of the pressing material 11 below it in the front section 5.1 of the pressing channel 5.
- edge of the pre-presser 40 mounted radius wall 41 of the filling channel 3 is shut off at the same time, so that no cut, remaining in the filling channel 3 pressed material 11 reach the top of the pre-presser 40 and may cause interference.
- the pre-pressing flap 40 has then reached its closed position and now closes the filling opening 4 completely. In this position, the pre-pressing flap 40 forms part of the upper-side boundary of the pressing channel 5.
- the pressing piston 50 can be seen during a pressing stroke.
- the plunger 50 by means of activation of its power drive 52, here also a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, moved in the press channel 5 to the left.
- the previously in the front section 5.1 of the press channel 5 located by means of the rotor conveyor 30 and the pre-presser 40 already pre-compressed material to be compacted 11 and against the already located in the end section 5.2, from the press bale brake 53 in accordance FIG. 1 pressed pressed bales 12 pressed.
- the conveyor rocker 22 can be pivoted already in their remote from the filling channel 3 reversing position to make them ready for a new delivery stroke. Again, regardless of the position of the conveyor swing 22 to be pressed to be pressed material 11 in the pressed material bunker 2.
- FIG. 8 Finally, the end position of the plunger 50 is shown in its pressing direction. Now the pressed material is finally compressed to the pressed bale 12.
- the bales binder 54 is activated, which provides the pressed bale 12 with a binding in the form of wires or ribbons, which holds the pressed bale 12 together and makes it transportable and storable.
- a finished, hardened pressed bale can be pushed out of the press channel 5.
- the conveyor rocker 22 has meanwhile retained its pivoted-back position. In the Pressgutbunker 2 further pressed material to be pressed 11 has been introduced.
- the Pressballenbremse 53 is activated again and the plunger 50 is withdrawn in the press channel 5 again until he has his in the FIGS. 2 to 6 resumes the displayed basic position.
- the front section 5.1 of the press channel 5 is now free again and can be filled after pivoting of the pre-pressing flap 40 upwards into its open position and after switching on the rotor conveyor 30 again with pressed material to be pressed 11 and the above-described operation of the baler 1 is repeated.
- ⁇ U> REFERENCE LIST ⁇ / u> character description 1 baler 10 frame 11 pressed material 12 bales 13 Switching and control unit 2 Pressgutbunker 20 ground 21 side walls 22 conveying rocker 22 ' Pivot axis of 22 23 wellhead 24 Face of 23 25 pointed back of 23 3 filling channel 30 rotor conveyor 31 rotor roller 31 ' teeth 32 engine 33 counter surface 34 scraper 4 fill opening 40 Vorpressklappe 40 ' Pivot axis of 40 41 radius wall 42 Power drive of 40 43 Cut to 4 44 Cut to 40 5 Press channel 5.1 front section 5.2 end 50 plunger 51 Face of 50 52 Power drive of 50 53 Pressball brake 54 Ballenabbinde addressed 55 discharge opening 56 Ball footprint 57 Ribs on 56 6 Footprint of 1 60 ramp
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Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ballenpresse (1) zum Herstellen von Pressballen (12) aus Pressgut, wie Kartonagen, Verpackungsmüll oder Altpapier, mit einem horizontalen Presskanal (5) mit einer oberseitigen Einfüllöffnung (4), mit einem im Presskanal (5) mittels eines Kraftantriebes (52) hin und her verfahrbaren Presskolben (50), mit einer durch einen Kraftantrieb (42) verschwenkbaren, die Einfüllöffnung (4) wahlweise freigebenden und verschließenden Vorpressklappe (40), die in ihrer Öffnungsstellung einen Teil einer Begrenzung eines Einfüllkanals (3), der der Einfüllöffnung (4) vorgeschaltet ist, und in ihrer Schließstellung einen Teil einer oberen Wand des Presskanals (5) bildet, und mit wenigstens einer vorgeschalteten Zufördereinrichtung (22, 30), mit der das zu pressende Pressgut (11) zu der und/oder durch die Einfüllöffnung (4) förderbar ist. Die Ballenpresse gemäß Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor oder in dem Einfüllkanal (3) ein wenigstens eine gezahnte, drehantreibbare Rotorwalze (31) aufweisender Rotorförderer (30) angeordnet ist, mittels welchem zu pressendes Pressgut (11) bei offener Vorpressklappe (40) durch den Einfüllkanal (3) und die Einfüllöffnung (4) unter Vorverdichtung in den Presskanal (5) förderbar ist, und dass die Vorpressklappe (40) und die Einfüllöffnung (4) mit zusammenwirkenden Schneiden (43, 44) ausgeführt sind, mittels welchen bei Bewegung der Vorpressklappe (40) in Schließrichtung sich im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung (4) befindendes Pressgut (11) abschneidbar ist.The present invention relates to a baler (1) for producing pressed bales (12) from pressed material, such as cardboard, packaging waste or waste paper, with a horizontal pressing channel (5) with an upper-side filling opening (4), with a press channel (5) by means of a Power drive (52) movable back and forth plunger (50), with a by a power drive (42) pivotally, the filling opening (4) selectively releasing and occluding Vorpressklappe (40), which in its open position part of a boundary of a filling channel (3) , which is upstream of the filling opening (4), and forms in its closed position part of an upper wall of the press channel (5), and with at least one upstream feed device (22, 30), with which the pressed material to be pressed (11) to the and / or through the filling opening (4) is conveyed. The baling press according to the invention is characterized in that a rotor conveyor (30) having at least one toothed, rotatably drivable rotor roller (31) is arranged in front of or in the filling channel (3), by means of which pressed material (11) to be pressed is open when the pre-pressing flap (40) is open the filling channel (3) and the filling opening (4) can be conveyed with precompression into the pressing channel (5), and that the pre-pressing flap (40) and the filling opening (4) are designed with cooperating cutters (43, 44) by means of which, when moving the pre-pressing flap (40) can be cut off in the closing direction in the region of the filling opening (4).
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ballenpresse zum Herstellen von Pressballen aus Pressgut, wie Kartonagen, Verpackungsmüll oder Altpapier, mit einem horizontalen Presskanal mit einer oberseitigen Einfüllöffnung, mit einem im Presskanal mittels eines Kraftantriebes hin und her verfahrbaren Presskolben, mit einer durch einen Kraftantrieb verschwenkbaren, die Einfüllöffnung wahlweise freigebenden und verschließenden Vorpressklappe, die in ihrer Öffnungsstellung einen Teil einer Begrenzung eines Einfüllkanals, der der Einfüllöffnung vorgeschaltet ist, und in ihrer Schließstellung einen Teil einer oberen Wand des Presskanals bildet, und mit wenigstens einer vorgeschalteten Zufördereinrichtung, mit der das zu pressende Pressgut zu der und/oder durch die Einfüllöffnung förderbar ist.The present invention relates to a baler for producing pressed bales of pressed material, such as cardboard, packaging waste or waste paper, with a horizontal press channel with an upper-side filler opening, with a movable in the press channel by a power drive back and forth plunger, with a pivotable by a power drive, the Filling opening optionally releasing and occluding Vorpressklappe, which forms in its open position part of a boundary of a filling channel, which is upstream of the filling opening, and in its closed position forms part of an upper wall of the press channel, and with at least one upstream feed device, with which the pressed material to be pressed to which and / or through the filling opening is conveyed.
Eine Ballenpresse der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der
Als nachteilig wird bei diesem Stand der Technik angesehen, dass ein vorheriges Zerkleinern des Pressguts in relativ kleine Teile erforderlich ist, damit es von der Förderschnecke gefördert und vorverdichtet werden kann. Außerdem kommt es beim Hinabfallen des vorverdichteten Pressguts aus dem Einfüllkanal durch die Einfüllöffnung in den Presskanal leicht zu einer Wiederauflockerung des Pressguts, was zumindest zum Teil die mit der Förderschnecke bewirkte Vorverdichtung zunichtemacht. Damit erreicht die bekannte Presse nur einen begrenzten Wirkungsgrad.A disadvantage of this prior art is that a prior crushing of the pressed material is required in relatively small parts, so that it can be promoted by the auger and pre-compressed. In addition, when the precompressed pressed material falls out of the filling channel, it comes through the filling opening in the press channel easily to a loosening of the pressed material, which at least partially nullifies the effected with the screw conveyor precompression. Thus, the known press achieves only a limited efficiency.
Die
Als nachteilig wird hierbei angesehen, dass der Pressstempel oder -kolben einer hohen Belastung durch die nötigen Scherkräfte zum Abtrennen von überstehendem Material, d.h. Pressgut, ausgesetzt wird, die zu einem Verkanten oder sogar Verbiegen des Presstempels oder -kolbens und/oder seiner Antriebselemente führen kann.A disadvantage here is considered that the press ram or piston of a high load by the necessary shear forces for separating protruding material, i. Pressgut, which can lead to tilting or even bending of the press ram or piston and / or its drive elements.
Für die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich daher die Aufgabe, eine Ballenpresse der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die die angegebenen Nachteile vermeidet und die insbesondere einen besseren Wirkungsgrad aufweist, bei der ungünstige Belastungen des Presskolbens vermieden werden und bei der eine zuverlässige Funktion auch ohne eine vorherige Zerkleinerung des Pressguts gewährleistet ist.For the present invention, therefore, the task of creating a baler of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and in particular has a better efficiency at the unfavorable loads of the plunger are avoided and in which a reliable function is ensured even without a prior crushing of the pressed material.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe gelingt erfindungsgemäß mit einer Ballenpresse der eingangs genannten Art, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass vor oder in dem Einfüllkanal ein wenigstens eine gezahnte, drehantreibbare Rotorwalze aufweisender Rotorförderer angeordnet ist, mittels welchem zu pressendes Pressgut bei offener Vorpressklappe durch den Einfüllkanal und die Einfüllöffnung unter Vorverdichtung in den Presskanal förderbar ist, und dass die Vorpressklappe und die Einfüllöffnung mit zusammenwirkenden Schneiden ausgeführt sind, mittels welchen bei Bewegung der Vorpressklappe in Schließrichtung sich im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung befindendes Pressgut abschneidbar ist.The object is achieved according to the invention with a baler of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that before or in the filling channel a at least one toothed, rotatably driven rotor roller exhibiting rotor conveyor is arranged by means of which pressed material to be pressed with an open pre-press through the filling channel and the Filling opening under precompression in the press channel is conveyed, and that the pre-presser and the filling opening are designed with cooperating cutting, by means of which when moving the pre-presser in the closing direction located in the region of the filling opening is cut off.
Mit der Erfindung wird eine Ballenpresse mit einem besonders guten Wirkungsgrad geschaffen, da das zu pressende Pressgut von dem Rotorförderer unmittelbar in den Presskanal gefördert und in diesem vorverdichtet wird. Bei jedem Presshub des Presskolbens wird so eine erhöhte Menge an Pressgut verdichtet, was die zum Erzeugen eines Pressballens nötige Zahl von Presshüben und damit den Zeit- und Energieaufwand vermindert. Dabei spielt es für die Wirksamkeit der Zuförderung und Vorverdichtung keine Rolle, ob das Pressgut in kleineren oder größeren Teilen anfällt, da der Rotorförderer mit seiner Rotorwalze Pressgut praktisch beliebiger Größe verarbeiten kann, solange das Pressgut durch den Einfüllkanal passt. Dadurch, dass die Vorpressklappe und die Einfüllöffnung mit zusammenwirkenden Schneiden ausgeführt sind, mittels welchen bei Bewegung der Vorpressklappe in Schließrichtung sich im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung befindendes Pressgut abschneidbar ist, wird zuverlässig erreicht, dass sich beim Schließen der Vorpressklappe zwischen deren Kanten und der Einfüllöffnung kein Pressgut verklemmt und zu Funktionsstörungen der Vorpressklappe und/oder des Presskolbens führt. So wird gewährleistet, dass die Vorpressklappe immer zuverlässig ihre vollständig geschlossene Stellung erreicht und dann einen exakt angeordneten Teil der Begrenzung des Presskanals bildet. Der Presskolben braucht dann kein in der Einfüllöffnung klemmendes Pressgut abzuscheren, was den Presskolben, seine Führung und seinen Antrieb entlastet.With the invention, a baler is created with a particularly good efficiency, since the pressed material to be pressed is conveyed by the rotor conveyor directly into the press channel and pre-compressed in this. With each pressing stroke of the pressing piston, an increased amount of material to be compacted is compressed, which reduces the number of pressing strokes necessary for producing a pressing bale, and thus the expenditure of time and energy. It does not matter for the effectiveness of the feed and pre-compression, whether the pressed material is obtained in smaller or larger parts, since the rotor conveyor with its rotor roller can process virtually any size pressed material, as long as the pressed material fits through the filling channel. Due to the fact that the pre-pressing flap and the filling opening are designed with cooperating cutting edges, by means of which pressed material located in the region of the filling opening can be cut off when the pre-pressing flap moves in the closing direction, it is reliably achieved that no pressed material is formed between the edges and the filling opening during closing of the pre-pressing flap jammed and leads to malfunction of the pre-presser and / or the plunger. This ensures that the pre-compression flap always reliably reaches its fully closed position and then forms an exactly arranged part of the boundary of the press channel. The plunger then does not need to shear off in the feed opening jamming pressed material, which relieves the plunger, its leadership and its drive.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung schlägt vor, dass eine erste, ortsfeste Schneide an einer von der Schwenkachse der Vorpressklappe entfernt liegenden Kante der Einfüllöffnung und eine zweite; bewegliche Schneide an einer von der Schwenkachse der Vorpressklappe entfernt liegenden Kante der Vorpressklappe angeordnet ist. Hier werden also nur zwei Schneiden benötigt, was wenig Fertigungs- und Montageaufwand erfordert. Zweckmäßig sind dabei der Einfüllkanal und die Einfüllöffnung so geformt und geführt, dass nur an den genannten Kanten ein Schneiden von Pressgut erforderlich wird und dass Pressgut praktisch nicht in den Bereich der anderen Kanten gelangen kann. Bei Bedarf können aber auch an mehr oder allen Kanten von Vorpressklappe und Einfüllöffnung zusammenwirkende Schneiden vorgesehen sein.A further embodiment proposes that a first, fixed cutting edge on a lying away from the pivot axis of the pre-pressing flap edge of the filling opening and a second one; movable cutting edge is disposed on a remote from the pivot axis of the pre-pressing flap edge of the pre-pressing flap. So here only two cutting edges are needed, which requires little manufacturing and assembly costs. The filling channel and the filling opening are expediently shaped and guided in such a way that cutting of pressed material is required only at the named edges and that pressed material practically can not reach the area of the other edges. If necessary but can be provided on more or all edges of pre-presser and filling opening cooperating cutting.
Da die Schneiden im Betrieb der Ballenpresse einem Verschleiß unterliegen, sind zweckmäßig die Schneiden als auswechselbare Schneidleisten ausgeführt. Auf diese Weise können die Schneiden bei Bedarf schnell ausgewechselt werden.Since the blades are subject to wear during operation of the baler, the cutting edges are expediently designed as interchangeable cutting edges. In this way, the blades can be replaced quickly if necessary.
Um die Ballenpresse mit möglichst geringem Bedienungsaufwand und dennoch sehr zuverlässig betreiben zu können, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass dem Einfüllkanal ein Pressgutbunker vorgeschaltet ist, der einen Boden in Form eines Zylindermantelabschnitts aufweist und in welchen zu pressendes Pressgut einförderbar und/oder manuell einwerfbar ist, und dass im Pressgutbunker eine mittels eines Kraftantriebes über den Boden hin und her verschwenkbare Förderschwinge mit einem im Querschnitt etwa dreieckigen Förderkopf angeordnet ist, mittels welchem bei dessen Bewegung in Richtung zum Einfüllkanal Pressgut zum Einfüllkanal hin förderbar ist und welcher bei Bewegung in Richtung vom Einfüllkanal weg unter dem Pressgut hindurch bewegbar ist. Mit dem Förderkopf der Förderschwinge kann im Betrieb dem Rotorförderer immer eine passende Mange an Pressgut zugeführt werden, wobei die Menge des von dem Förderkopf geförderten Pressguts durch dessen Abmessungen und/oder dessen Bewegungsfrequenz bestimmt und jeweils passend eingestellt werden kann. Eine Verstopfung des Rotorförderers durch eine zu große Menge an zugefördertem Pressgut kann damit auf technisch einfache Weise vermieden werden, was zu einer hohen betrieblichen Zuverlässigkeit der Ballenpresse beiträgt. Das Pressgut kann zudem ohne Beachtung des schon vorliegenden Füllstandes im Pressgutbunker in diesen eingeworfen oder eingefördert werden, da die Förderschwinge immer nur eine geeignete, begrenzte Menge an Pressgut zum Rotorförderer transportiert. Eine unstetige Beschickung des Pressgutbunkers, wie sie im praktischen Einsatz sehr häufig ist, ist deshalb für die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Ballenpresse nicht störend.In order to operate the baler with minimal operating effort and yet very reliable, it is further proposed that the filling channel is preceded by a Pressgutbunker having a bottom in the form of a cylinder jacket portion and in which pressed material to be pressed can be introduced and / or manually einwerfbar, and that in the Pressgutbunker a by means of a power drive on the ground back and forth conveyor rocker is arranged with a cross-sectionally approximately triangular conveyor head, by means of which during its movement toward the filling channel pressed material to the filling channel is conveyed out and which on movement in the direction away from the filling channel is moved through the pressed material. With the conveyor head of the conveyor rocker the rotor conveyor can always be fed a suitable Mange of pressed material in operation, the amount of conveyed by the conveyor head pressed material can be determined by its dimensions and / or its movement frequency and adjusted respectively. A blockage of the rotor conveyor by an excessive amount of zugefördertem pressed material can thus be avoided in a technically simple manner, which contributes to a high operational reliability of the baler. The pressed material can also be thrown or conveyed without regard to the already existing level in the pressed material bunker in this, since the conveyor rocker always transported only a suitable, limited amount of pressed material to the rotor conveyor. A discontinuous loading of the pressed bunker, as it is very common in practical use, is therefore not disturbing to the function of the baler according to the invention.
Um zu vermeiden, dass sich Pressgut an der vom Presskanal abgewandten Seite der Vorpressklappe sammelt und ablagert und dann zu Störungen der Bewegung der Vorpressklappe führt, ist vorgesehen, dass sich von der Kante der Vorpressklappe, die von deren Schwenkachse entfernt liegt, eine konzentrisch zur Schwenkachse verlaufende Radiuswand nach außen erstreckt, welche bei in Schließstellung befindlicher Vorpressklappe den Einfüllkanal verschließt.In order to avoid that pressed material collects and deposits on the side facing away from the press channel of the pre-pressing and then leads to interference with the movement of the pre-press, it is provided that concentric with the pivot axis of the edge of the pre-press flap, which is remote from the pivot axis extends extending radius wall to the outside, which closes the filling channel when the pre-press flap located in the closed position.
Zum Erzeugen des für das Pressen des Pressguts im Presskanal nötigen Gegendrucks weist bevorzugt der Presskanal an einem in Pressrichtung gesehen hinteren Endabschnitt eine verstellbare Pressballenbremse oder eine verstellbare Tür auf. In einer Sperr- oder Schließstellung der Pressballenbremse oder Tür kann das Pressgut von dem Presskolben verdichtet werden. Ist ein Pressballen fertig gepresst, wird die Pressballenbremse gelöst oder die Tür geöffnet und der Pressballen kann aus der Ballenpresse ausgestoßen oder entnommen werden.For producing the counterpressure necessary for pressing the pressed product in the pressing channel, the pressing channel preferably has an adjustable baling brake or an adjustable door at a rear end section viewed in the pressing direction. In a locked or closed position of the press bale brake or door, the pressed material can be compacted by the plunger. When a pressed bale is finished, the bale brake is released or the door is opened and the bale can be ejected from the baler or removed.
Damit die in der Ballenpresse erzeugten Pressballen eine definierte Form behalten und lager- und transportfähig sind, ist zweckmäßig in einem in Pressrichtung gesehen hinteren Endabschnitt des Presskanals oder hinter dem Presskanal eine Ballenabbindeeinrichtung angeordnet.In order for the pressed bales produced in the baler to retain a defined shape and to be able to be stored and transported, a bale-setting device is expediently arranged in a rear end section of the press channel or behind the press channel.
Damit die für den Betrieb der Ballenpresse eingesetzten Antriebe zuverlässig und sicher die nötigen Kräfte aufbringen können, ist vorgesehen, dass der Kraftantrieb des Presskolbens und/oder der Kraftantrieb der Vorpressklappe und/oder der Kraftantrieb der Förderschwinge durch jeweils eine oder mehrere hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten gebildet sind/ist.In order for the drives used for the operation of the baling press to reliably and safely apply the necessary forces, it is provided that the power drive of the pressing piston and / or the power drive of the pre-pressing flap and / or the power drive of the conveyor rocker are each controlled by one or more hydraulic piston-cylinder Units are formed / is.
Schließlich ist für die erfindungsgemäße Ballenpresse vorgesehen, dass der Rotorförderer durch einen hydraulischen oder elektrischen Motor drehantreibbar ist, womit ein zuverlässiger Betrieb sichergestellt wird.Finally, it is provided for the baler according to the invention that the rotor conveyor is rotatably driven by a hydraulic or electric motor, whereby a reliable operation is ensured.
Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. Die Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine Ballenpresse in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von oben und die
Figuren 2 bis 8- die Ballenpresse aus
Figur 1 in verschiedenen, aufeinanderfolgenden Betriebsstellungen, jeweils in einem schematischen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch einen vorderen Teil der Ballenpresse.
- FIG. 1
- a baler in a perspective view obliquely from above and the
- FIGS. 2 to 8
- the baler
FIG. 1 in different, sequential operating positions, each in a schematic vertical longitudinal section through a front part of the baler.
In der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung sind gleiche Teile stets mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, so dass nicht zu jeder Zeichnungsfigur alle Bezugszeichen erneut erläutert werden müssen.In the following description of the figures, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numerals, so that not all drawings have to be explained again.
In ihrem der Rampe 60 zugewandten Bereich besitzt die Ballenpresse 1 einen Pressgutbunker 2, in den manuell oder über eine Fördereinrichtung das zu pressende Pressgut 11 einbringbar ist. Der Pressgutbunker 2 ist durch Seitenwände 21 begrenzt und nach oben offen. Sein hier nicht sichtbarer Boden hat die Form eines Zylindermantelabschnitts. Im Pressgutbunker 2 ist eine Förderschwinge 22 angeordnet, die mittels eines Kraftantriebs pendelnd hin und her bewegbar ist und dabei mit einem parallel zum Boden verlaufenden Förderkopf 23 Pressgut 11 in Richtung zu einem hier nicht sichtbaren Einfüllkanal transportiert. Wie weiter unten noch im Detail beschrieben wird, ist dem Einfüllkanal ein in
Der Presskanal 5 endet in linken Teil der
Der in
Die Funktion der Ballenpresse 1 und ihrer aktiven Komponenten wird durch eine Schalt- und Steuereinheit 13 gesteuert und überwacht, die beispielsweise eine SPS-Steuerung sein kann.The function of the baler 1 and its active components is controlled and monitored by a switching and
Die
Die Ballenpresse 1 weist einen tragenden Rahmen 10 auf, auf oder an dem die einzelnen Teile der Ballenpresse 1 angebracht sind.The baler 1 has a supporting
Rechts oben in
In Inneren des Pressgutbunkers 2 befindet sich zu pressendes Pressgut 11, hier beispielsweise in Form von Kartonagen, das durch die offene Oberseite des Pressgutbunkers 2 in diesen eingeworfen wurde.In the interior of the pressed
Nach links hin schließt sich an den Pressgutbunker 2 ein Einfüllkanal 3 an, dem ein Rotorförderer 30 zugeordnet ist. Der Boden 20 endet an seiner in der Zeichnung nach links weisenden Seite unmittelbar vor dem Einfüllkanal 3. Mittels der Förderschwinge 22 kann das zu pressende Pressgut 11 in Richtung zum Einfüllkanal 3 gefördert werden.To the left, the filling
Der Rotorförderer 30 besteht hier aus einer drehantreibbaren Rotorwalze 31, die an ihrem Umfang mit Zähnen 31' besetzt ist. Unter der Rotorwalze 31 liegt eine Gegenfläche 33, so dass bei Drehung der Rotorwalze 31 diese das Pressgut 11 mit ihren Zähnen 31' erfasst und durch den Einfüllkanal 3 fördert.The
Der Einfüllkanal 3 führt schräg abwärts verlaufend zu einer Einfüllöffnung 4 des horizontalen Presskanals 5. Die Einfüllöffnung 4 ist mit einer um eine Schwenkachse 40' verschwenkbaren Vorpressklappe 40 wahlweise freigebbar, wie in
An ihrer zum Rotorförderer 30 weisenden Kante hat die Einfüllöffnung 4 eine erste, feststehende Schneide 43. An der dem Rotorförderer 30 zugewandten, von der Schwenkachse 40' entfernten Kante der Vorpressklappe 40 ist eine mit dieser bewegliche Schneide 44 angeordnet, so dass bei Verschwenkung der Vorpressklappe 40 die Schneiden 43 und 44 zusammenwirken und in diesem Bereich befindliches Pressgut 11 zerschneiden.At its edge pointing to the
Im Presskanal 5 ist ein Presskolben 50 mittels eines zugehörigen Kraftantriebes 52 vor und zurück verfahrbar, wobei in
Oberhalb des Endabschnitts 5.2 des Presskanals 5 ist hier schließlich noch die Ballenabbindeeinrichtung 54 sichtbar, die von an sich bekannter Bauart ist.Finally, above the end section 5.2 of the
Pressgut 11, das vom Rotorförderer 30 nicht unmittelbar verarbeitet werden kann, fällt über den Förderkopf 23 der Förderschwinge 22 wieder zurück in den rechten Teil des Pressgutbunkers 2. Beim Zurückschwenken der Förderschwinge 22 unterfährt der Förderkopf 23 mit seiner spitzen Rückseite 25 voran das Pressgut 11. Dieses wird dann beim nächsten Verschwenken der Förderschwinge 22 nach vorne erneut in Richtung zum Rotorförderer 30 bewegt. Ein Überlasten des Rotorförderers 30 wird so vermieden.Pressed
Der Rotorförderer 30 erfasst und fördert mit seiner Rotorwalze 31 im Zusammenwirken mit der darunter angeordneten Gegenfläche 33 das Pressgut 11 und transportiert es unter Vorverdichtung durch den Einfüllkanal 3 und die offene Einfüllöffnung 4 unterhalb der in Offenstellung liegenden Vorpressklappe 40 in den vorderen Abschnitt 5.1 des Presskanals 5.The
Sobald, wie in
Nach dem Abschalten des Rotorförderers 30 befindet sich zwischen dessen Rotorwalze 31 und der Gegenfläche 33 hier kein Pressgut 11 mehr, da dieses in Richtung zur Einfüllöffnung 4 gefördert ist. Allerdings liegen noch Teile des Pressguts 11 im Einfüllkanal 3 im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung 4 und der Vorpressklappe 40, wo es vom Rotorförderer 30 nicht mehr erfasst wird.After switching off the
Wie in
Gleichzeitig sorgt die Verschwenkung der Vorpressklappe 40 nach unten für ein weiteres Vorverdichten des unter ihr im vorderen Abschnitt 5.1 des Presskanals 5 liegenden Pressguts 11.At the same time, the pivoting of the
Mittels einer an der dem Rotorförderer 30 zugewandten Kante der Vorpressklappe 40 angebrachten Radiuswand 41 wird gleichzeitig der Einfüllkanal 3 abgesperrt, so dass kein abgeschnittenes, im Einfüllkanal 3 verbliebenes Pressgut 11 auf die Oberseite der Vorpressklappe 40 gelangen und Störungen verursachen kann.By means of an attached to the
In dem in
In dem Betriebszustand gemäß
Parallel dazu kann die Förderschwinge 22 bereits in ihre von dem Einfüllkanal 3 entfernte Umkehrposition verschwenkt werden, um sie für einen neuen Förderhub bereit zu machen. Auch hier kann, unabhängig von der jeweiligen Position der Förderschwinge 22, zu pressendes Pressgut 11 in den Pressgutbunker 2 eingeworfen werden.In parallel, the
In
Die Förderschwinge 22 hat derweil ihre zurückgeschwenkte Position beibehalten. In den Pressgutbunker 2 ist weiteres zu pressendes Pressgut 11 eingebracht worden.The
Anschließend wird die Pressballenbremse 53 wieder aktiviert und der Presskolben 50 im Presskanal 5 wieder zurückgezogen, bis er seine in den
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass vor oder in dem Einfüllkanal (3) ein wenigstens eine gezahnte, drehantreibbare Rotorwalze (31) aufweisender Rotorförderer (30) angeordnet ist, mittels welchem zu pressendes Pressgut (11) bei offener Vorpressklappe (40) durch den Einfüllkanal (3) und die Einfüllöffnung (4) unter Vorverdichtung in den Presskanal (5) förderbar ist, und
dass die Vorpressklappe (40) und die Einfüllöffnung (4) mit zusammenwirkenden Schneiden (43, 44) ausgeführt sind, mittels welchen bei Bewegung der Vorpressklappe (40) in Schließrichtung sich im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung (4) befindendes Pressgut (11) abschneidbar ist.Baling press (1) for producing pressed bales (12) from pressed material, such as cardboard, packaging waste or waste paper, with a horizontal pressing channel (5) with an upper-side filling opening (4), with one in the pressing channel (5) by means of a power drive (52) and fro movable plunger (50), with a by a power drive (42) pivotally, the filling opening (4) selectively releasing and occluding Vorpressklappe (40), in its open position part of a boundary of a filling channel (3), the filling opening ( 4) upstream, and forms in its closed position part of an upper wall of the press channel (5), and with at least one upstream feed device (22, 30), with which the pressed material to be pressed (11) to and / or through the filling opening (4) is eligible,
characterized,
in that before or in the filling channel (3) there is arranged a rotor conveyor (30) having at least one toothed rotatable roller (31) to be pressed by means of which pressed material (11) to be pressed by the prefilling flap (40) through the filling channel (3) and the filling opening (4) under precompression in the press channel (5) is conveyed, and
in that the pre-pressing flap (40) and the filling opening (4) are designed with cooperating cutting edges (43, 44) by means of which pressed material (11) located in the closing opening (4) can be cut off when the pre-pressing flap (40) moves in the closing direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014116016.9A DE102014116016A1 (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | baler |
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EP3017939A1 true EP3017939A1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
ID=54364108
Family Applications (1)
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EP15191417.3A Withdrawn EP3017939A1 (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2015-10-26 | Baling press |
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EP (1) | EP3017939A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014116016A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3912929A1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-24 | Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH & Co. KG | Baling press and retrofittable kit for same |
CN114303654A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 铁建重工新疆有限公司 | Grass poking and prepressing device and feeding equipment |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016106362A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | Sib Strautmann Ingenieurbüro Gmbh | Baler with a horizontal press channel |
DE202017100780U1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-05-15 | Sib Strautmann Ingenieurbüro Gmbh | Pressed material conveying device for a press |
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DE102010063049A1 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-16 | Sib Strautmann Ingenieurbüro Gmbh | Feeding unit for conveying and pressing device, comprises feeding space for pressed material, where base of feeding space is bent in form of cylindrical jacket section |
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