EP1935844B1 - Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus - Google Patents

Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1935844B1
EP1935844B1 EP06783199.0A EP06783199A EP1935844B1 EP 1935844 B1 EP1935844 B1 EP 1935844B1 EP 06783199 A EP06783199 A EP 06783199A EP 1935844 B1 EP1935844 B1 EP 1935844B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
odorant
temperature
hydrogen gas
hydrogen
fuel gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06783199.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1935844A1 (en
EP1935844A4 (en
Inventor
Takahide Izutani
Tatsuaki Yokoyama
Syuuji Hirakata
Osamu Yumita
Hiroshi Fujitani
Keigo Suematsu
Masaaki Matsusue
Nobuo Watanabe
Katsuhiko Oshikawa
Katsuhiko Hirose
Takumi Kuwahara
Atsushi Matsuba
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of EP1935844A1 publication Critical patent/EP1935844A1/en
Publication of EP1935844A4 publication Critical patent/EP1935844A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1935844B1 publication Critical patent/EP1935844B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids
    • F17C2265/027—Mixing fluids different fluids with odorizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6606—With electric heating element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel gas supply apparatus that can be suitably used in a fuel cell system that generates electric energy by an electrochemical reaction in particular.
  • a fuel cell system for obtaining electric energy by an electrochemical reaction between a hydrogen gas and an oxidation gas is known.
  • the hydrogen gas serving as a fuel for this fuel cell system is flammable and odorless.
  • the odorant and the hydrogen gas In order to detect the leakage of the hydrogen gas, the odorant and the hydrogen gas have to be mixed. However, in the case where the hydrogen gas has reached an extremely low temperature, the odorant has sometimes been solidified, and the hydrogen gas and the odorant have not been mixed at an extremely low temperature in some cases. In a system for storing the hydrogen gas in a high-pressure state, such as a high-pressure hydrogen tank in particular, the hydrogen gas has reached an extremely low temperature due to adiabatic expansion during the hydrogen supply, and the hydrogen gas has been supplied while not being mixed with the odorant in some cases.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the various problems mentioned above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel gas supply apparatus capable of mixing an odorant with a hydrogen gas even at a low temperature, and detecting the hydrogen gas leakage.
  • a fuel gas supply apparatus is characterized by including: a high-pressure fuel gas tank for storing a fuel gas; odorant addition means for adding an odorant to the fuel gas; and temperature adjustment means for adjusting the temperature of the odorant, so as to suppress the odorant mixed with the fuel gas from being solidified or liquefied.
  • the fuel gas supply apparatus further comprises odorant temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the odorant to be added by the odorant addition means; and odorant vapor pressure control for controlling the vapor pressure of the odorant.
  • the temperature adjustment means has heating means for increasing the temperature of the odorant to be added by the odorant addition means, when the temperature of the odorant detected by the odorant temperature detection means is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature
  • the odorant vapor pressure control comprises an electronic control unit for obtaining by the temperature detection means the temperature of the odorant to be added by the odorant addition means for obtaining a temperature variation in the fuel gas due to adiabatic expansion as data beforehand, and for predicting, based on this data, how the temperature of the fuel gas is reduced due to adiabatic expansion, and heating amount determining means for determine the heating amount for heating the odorant to be added by the odorant addition means by the heating means based on the temperature of the odorant obtained by the odorant temperature obtaining means, the prediction of how the temperature of the fuel gas is reduced, and a property of the odorant.
  • the fuel gas examples include a natural gas, and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) composed of propane and butane and utilized as a mixture thereof.
  • the natural gas includes a compressed natural gas (hereinafter, referred to as "CNG").
  • CNG compressed natural gas
  • the fuel gas supply apparatus for supplying those fuel gases is applicable to a fuel cell serving as a fuel gas consumption device that consumes a fuel gas, a hydrogen engine, a CNG engine, an LPG engine, and a reformer for reforming a fuel gas, for example.
  • a reformer for reforming a fuel gas refers to a reformer for reforming, for example, a fuel gas to hydrogen.
  • a temperature reduction in a hydrogen gas can be suppressed even at a low temperature, an odorant and a hydrogen gas can be mixed, and the hydrogen gas leakage can be detected.
  • FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a fuel cell system 10 including a hydrogen supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • This fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell 1; a high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 which stores a hydrogen gas serving as a fuel gas, and which functions as a hydrogen supply apparatus for supplying the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 1; an air supply apparatus 3 for supplying air to the fuel cell 1; and an electronic control unit (ECU) 4 for controlling the various apparatuses.
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 includes: a tank 21 serving as gas storage means in which the hydrogen gas mixed with an odorant is stored; a main stop valve 22 through which the hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell 1; a heater 23 serving as heating means for increasing the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21; and a thermometer 24 serving as gas temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21.
  • the fuel cell 1 causes an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen gas and an oxidation gas via an electrolyte to obtain electric energy.
  • the fuel cell 1 according to Embodiment 1 is a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell frequently used in an electric automobile that runs using a fuel cell as a power supply.
  • the hydrogen gas stored in the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 contains methyl acrylate as an odorant.
  • the odorant gives the hydrogen gas an odor by mixing the odorant into an odorless hydrogen gas, and serves to detect the hydrogen gas leakage.
  • the methyl acrylate has a boiling point of about 80°C and a melting point of about -75°C.
  • the main stop valve 22 serves as a supply port through which the hydrogen gas is supplied from the tank 21 to the fuel cell 1, and a supply flow rate therethrough is controlled by the ECU 4. Further, the main stop valve 22 is a solenoid valve, which is heated by passing an electric current therethrough, and which can indirectly heat the hydrogen gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 1. That is, the main stop valve 22 has a function of a heating means like the heater 23.
  • the heater 23 is disposed at a lower part of the tank 21, and can directly heat the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 with the control of the ECU 4.
  • the position at which the heater 23 is placed may be any position as long as the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 can be heated, and is not limited to the lower part of the tank 21; however, when the odorant is in a solid form or in a liquid form, the hydrogen gas is accumulated at the lower part of the tank 21, and therefore, the hydrogen gas can be efficiently heated by placing the heater 23 at the lower part of the tank 21.
  • the thermometer 24 serves to detect the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21, and is configured so that the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected is inputted to the ECU 4.
  • the ECU 4 controls the main stop valve 22 or the heater 23 based on the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected by the thermometer 24, thereby maintaining the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 at an appropriate temperature.
  • Embodiment 1 provides temperature control prior to the start of supply of the hydrogen gas, and is an embodiment in which when the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the temperature of the hydrogen gas is increased by the heater 23 or the main stop valve 22 to create a state where the mixing of the odorant with the hydrogen gas is facilitated, thus supplying the hydrogen gas mixed with the odorant to the fuel cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the temperature control of the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 1.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is detected by the thermometer 24 (Step 101).
  • the detected temperature is inputted to the ECU 4, and the ECU 4 determines whether the detected temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature T1 (Step 102).
  • methyl acrylate is used as the odorant, and the predetermined temperature T1 is set to -70°C, which is 5°C higher than -75°C, i.e., the melting point of methyl acrylate. That is, at a temperature higher than the predetermined temperature T1, the methyl acrylate is present as a liquid, and is in a state in which the methyl acrylate is easily mixed with the hydrogen gas.
  • the ECU 4 carries out a heating process so as to prevent the odorant from being solidified (Step 103).
  • the hydrogen gas may be directly heated by passing an electric current through the heater 23, or the hydrogen gas to be supplied may be indirectly heated by passing an electric current through the main stop valve 22.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is detected again by the thermometer 24 (Step 101).
  • Step 102 It is determined again whether the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected is equal to or lower than T1 (Step 102), and the heating process is repeated until it is determined that the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is higher than the predetermined temperature T1. If the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected by the thermometer 24 is determined to be higher than the predetermined temperature T1 as a result of the determination of Step 102, it is determined that the methyl acrylate serving as the odorant is in a liquid form and is mixed with the hydrogen gas, thus starting the supply of the hydrogen gas (Step 104).
  • the hydrogen gas can be supplied at a temperature at which the odorant is easily mixed with the hydrogen gas, thus facilitating the mixing of the hydrogen gas with the odorant, and enabling an improvement in the detection accuracy of the hydrogen gas leakage.
  • the temperature control of the hydrogen gas is performed before the start of supply of the hydrogen gas, but the temperature control does not necessarily have to be performed before the start of supply of the hydrogen gas, and may be performed during the supply of the hydrogen gas.
  • hydrogen supply stopping means for stopping the supply of the hydrogen gas may further be provided, if the temperature of the hydrogen gas is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature T1. By providing the hydrogen supply stopping means, the supply of the hydrogen gas equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature is stopped, thus making it possible to prevent the hydrogen gas, which is not mixed with the odorant at a low temperature, from being supplied to the fuel cell 1.
  • Embodiment 2 when the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 1 is reduced, thereby preventing a decrease in the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21. By preventing the decrease in the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21, the temperature reduction in hydrogen gas due to adiabatic expansion is suppressed.
  • the hydrogen gas temperature control according to Embodiment 2 is the temperature control carried out during the supply of the hydrogen gas. It should be noted that the configuration of the fuel cell system is substantially the same as in Embodiment 1; therefore, the same components are identified by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the ECU 4 serving as gas temperature control means has a function of adjusting the supply flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 to the fuel cell 1. If the temperature indicated by the thermometer 24 serving as gas temperature detection means is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the ECU 4 reduces the supply flow rate of the hydrogen gas to suppress the adiabatic expansion of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21, and to suppress the temperature reduction in hydrogen gas inside the tank 21.
  • the odorant contained in the hydrogen gas can be maintained at a temperature higher than a constant temperature at which the odorant is easily mixed with the hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas mixed with the odorant can be furnished to the fuel cell 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the temperature control of the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 2.
  • the hydrogen gas is supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 to the fuel cell 1 at a supply flow rate Q1 (Step 201).
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is detected by the thermometer 24 (Step 202).
  • the detected temperature is inputted to the ECU 4, and the ECU 4 determines whether the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature T2 (Step 203).
  • the predetermined temperature T2 is set to -65°C, which is 10°C higher than -75°C, i.e., the melting point of methyl acrylate.
  • the reason the predetermined temperature T2 is set higher than the predetermined temperature in Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the temperature reduction to the predetermined temperature T1 or lower is impossible since the hydrogen gas is heated by the heating means, but in Embodiment 2, the slight temperature reduction to the predetermined temperature T2 or lower is possible since the temperature reduction is suppressed without performing any heating process. Accordingly, the predetermined temperature T2 in Embodiment 2 is set 5°C higher than the predetermined temperature T1 in Embodiment 1.
  • the ECU 4 changes the supply flow rate of the hydrogen gas from Q1 to Q2 (where Q2 ⁇ Q1) in order to suppress the temperature reduction in hydrogen gas (Step 204).
  • the adiabatic expansion of the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is suppressed, and the temperature reduction in hydrogen gas is suppressed.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas is detected again (Step 202).
  • the ECU 4 determines whether the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature T2 (Step 203), and the hydrogen gas is supplied at the supply flow rate Q2 until the temperature of the hydrogen gas is determined to be higher than the predetermined temperature T2. If the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected by the thermometer 24 is determined to be higher than the predetermined temperature T2 as a result of the determination of Step 203, the supply flow rate of the hydrogen gas is changed from Q2 to Q1, and the hydrogen gas is supplied at the supply flow rate Q1 (Step 205).
  • the hydrogen gas can be supplied at a temperature at which the odorant is easily mixed with the hydrogen gas, thus making it possible to facilitate the mixing of the hydrogen gas with the odorant, and to improve the detection accuracy of the hydrogen gas leakage.
  • a fuel cell system including the plurality of high-pressure hydrogen tanks 2 may be configured so that, instead of reducing the supply flow rate of the hydrogen gas when the temperature of the hydrogen gas is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature T2, the high-pressure hydrogen tank, in which the temperature of the hydrogen gas is higher than the predetermined temperature T2, is selected to supply the hydrogen gas from the high-pressure hydrogen tank to the fuel cell.
  • a fuel cell system 11 including a hydrogen supply apparatus will be described.
  • the hydrogen gas inside the tank 21 is directly heated by the control of the ECU 4.
  • the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3 heats the hydrogen gas, which has undergone adiabatic expansion and which is to be supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2.
  • the hydrogen gas to be supplied may undergo adiabatic expansion due to pressure drop, and the temperature thereof may be reduced. Further, in a below-freezing environment, the temperature of the hydrogen gas is reduced.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas is reduced.
  • the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3 solves such a problem.
  • FIG.4 is a system block diagram of the fuel cell system 11 including the hydrogen supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
  • the fuel cell system 11 includes: the fuel cell 1; the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2; the air supply apparatus 3; the ECU 4; an odorant tank 5; a buffer tank 6; a heater 23a; a thermometer 24a; a hydrogen gas supply passage 30; an air supply passage 31; an anode off-gas passage 32; a circulating gas passage 33; and a hydrogen gas supply branch passage 34.
  • the components already described above are identified by the same reference numerals, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 is connected, at its one end, to the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2, and is connected, at its other end, to the anode side of the fuel cell 1 to guide the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 1.
  • the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 is provided with a hydrogen flowmeter 27, the thermometer 24a, and the heater 23a in this order from the upstream side of the flow of the hydrogen gas.
  • the hydrogen flowmeter 27 detects the flow rate of the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2.
  • the hydrogen flowmeter 27 is electrically connected to the ECU 4, and the detected hydrogen flow rate is inputted to the ECU 4.
  • the thermometer 24a detects the temperature of the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2.
  • the thermometer 24a is electrically connected to the ECU 4, and the detected temperature is inputted to the ECU 4.
  • the heater 23a is provided to the hydrogen supply passage 30, and heats the hydrogen gas, passing through the hydrogen supply passage 30, by the control of the ECU 4.
  • the heater 23a can be placed, for example, at a lower part of the hydrogen supply passage 30, but is preferably placed so as to cover the hydrogen gas supply passage 30. This is because the hydrogen gas passing through the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 can be heated efficiently in such a configuration.
  • the hydrogen gas supply branch passage 34 branches off from the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 at the downstream side of the heater 23a, and merges with the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 again. Further, the hydrogen gas supply branch passage 34 is provided with a pump 25, the odorant tank 5, the buffer tank 6, and an injector 26 in this order from the upstream side of the flow of the hydrogen gas.
  • the pump 25 adjusts the flow rate of the hydrogen gas to which the odorant is to be added.
  • the odorant tank 5 stores the odorant to be added to the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2.
  • the buffer tank 6 temporarily retains the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2, adds the odorant, stored in the odorant tank 5, to the hydrogen gas, and carries out agitation.
  • the injector 26 is supplied with the hydrogen gas, to which the odorant is added, from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2, and mixes this hydrogen gas with the hydrogen gas guided through the hydrogen gas supply passage 30 functioning as a main passage.
  • the air supply passage 31 is connected, at its one end, to the air supply apparatus 3, and is connected, at its other end, to the cathode side of the fuel cell 1 to guide air to the fuel cell 1.
  • the anode off-gas passage 32 guides an anode off-gas, discharged from the anode side of the fuel cell 1, to the outside of the fuel cell system 11.
  • the circulating gas passage 33 branches off from the anode off-gas passage, and merges with the hydrogen gas supply passage to guide the hydrogen gas, contained in the anode off-gas, to the fuel cell 1 again.
  • FIG.5 is a flow chart illustrating the temperature control of the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 3.
  • the ECU 4 obtains the flow rate of the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 to the fuel cell 1 (Step 301).
  • the flow rate of the hydrogen gas can be obtained by the hydrogen flowmeter 27.
  • the ECU 4 determines, from a map, a heater heating amount associated with the obtained hydrogen flow rate (Step 302).
  • a map of a necessary heating amount is shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the horizontal axis represents the hydrogen flow rate (NL/min)
  • the vertical axis represents the heater heating amount (W)
  • the straight line P1 represents a variation in the heater heating amount.
  • Such a map of the necessary heating amount may be stored in advance in a memory or the like of the ECU 4, for example.
  • the ECU 4 obtains the temperature of the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 (Step 303).
  • the temperature of the hydrogen gas can be obtained by the thermometer 24a.
  • the ECU 4 determines whether the temperature of the hydrogen gas obtained is sufficiently high (Step 304).
  • the sufficiently high temperature of the hydrogen gas means a temperature at which the odorant to be added does not liquefy or solidify, and may be appropriately set depending on the odorant to be added. If the temperature of the hydrogen gas obtained is determined to be sufficiently high, the ECU 4 ends the temperature control process for the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 3.
  • the ECU 4 determines whether the temperature of the hydrogen gas obtained is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature T3 (Step 305). If the temperature of the hydrogen gas is determined to be equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature T3, the ECU 4 increases the heating amount (Step 306), and ends the temperature control process for the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 3.
  • the predetermined temperature T3 may be the melting point or the boiling point of the odorant.
  • the ECU 4 determines the heater heating amount from the map, and corrects the determined heater heating amount by the obtained temperature.
  • the ECU 4 can obtain a more accurate heater heating amount.
  • the odorant can be prevented from being liquefied or solidified.
  • FIG.7 is a system block diagram of the fuel cell system 12 including the hydrogen supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
  • the configuration of the fuel cell system 12 according to Embodiment 4 is basically similar to that of the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3 described above.
  • the fuel cell system 12 according to Embodiment 4 is different from the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3 in that a heater 23b and a thermometer 24b are provided. It should be noted that the components already described above are identified by the same reference numerals, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the thermometer 24b detects the temperature of the odorant stored in the odorant tank 5. The detected temperature is inputted to the ECU 4.
  • the heater 23b is provided at a lower part of the odorant tank 5, and heats the odorant, stored in the odorant tank 5, by the control of the ECU 4.
  • the position at which the heater 23b is placed may be any position as long as the odorant stored in the odorant tank 5 can be heated, and is not limited to the lower part of the odorant tank 5.
  • the odorant in a solid form or in a liquid form is accumulated at the lower part of the odorant tank 5, and therefore, the odorant can be efficiently heated by placing the heater 23b at the lower part of the odorant tank 5.
  • FIG.8 is a flow chart illustrating the vapor pressure control of the odorant according to Embodiment 4.
  • the ECU 4 obtains the temperature of the odorant, stored in the odorant tank 5, by the thermometer 24b (Step 401).
  • the ECU 4 predicts how the temperature of the hydrogen gas, supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2, is reduced due to adiabatic expansion (Step 402).
  • the temperature variation in the hydrogen gas due to adiabatic expansion is obtained as data beforehand, and based on this data, how the temperature of the hydrogen gas is reduced due to adiabatic expansion can be predicted. Further, the temperature of the hydrogen gas supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 may be measured for a certain period of time, and based on this measurement, how the temperature is reduced thereafter may be predicted.
  • the ECU 4 heats the odorant, stored in the odorant tank 5, by the heater 23b so that the odorant reaches a necessary vapor pressure (Step 403).
  • the ECU 4 can determine the heater heating amount based on the temperature of the odorant obtained, the prediction of how the temperature of the hydrogen gas is reduced, and the property of the odorant.
  • the heater heating amount is determined based on the temperature of the odorant, the temperature of the hydrogen gas, and the property of the odorant, the temperature of the odorant to be added to the hydrogen gas is raised in advance, and the odorant reaches a necessary vapor pressure, it is possible to prevent the liquefaction or solidification of the odorant, resulting from the cooling thereof by the hydrogen gas whose temperature has been reduced.
  • FIG.9 is a schematic block diagram showing a fuel cell system 13 including a hydrogen supply apparatus according to Embodiment 5.
  • the configuration of the fuel cell system 13 according to Embodiment 5 is basically similar to that of the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3.
  • the fuel cell system 13 according to Embodiment 5 is different in configuration from the fuel cell system 11 according to Embodiment 3 in that a heater 23c and a thermometer 24c are further provided.
  • the fuel cell system 13 according to Embodiment 5 includes the heater 23c, thus making it possible to heat the hydrogen gas, to which the odorant has been added through the buffer tank 6.
  • the heating of the hydrogen gas, to which the odorant has been added may be carried out by obtaining the temperature of the hydrogen gas to which the odorant has been added, and by heating the hydrogen gas, to which the odorant has been added, to the extent that the odorant will not be liquefied or solidified, in addition to the execution of the control similar to the temperature control of the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 3, for example.
  • the fuel cell system 13 according to Embodiment 5 can heat the hydrogen gas again after the odorant has been added to the hydrogen gas, and can prevent the liquefaction or solidification of the odorant.
  • FIG.10 is a schematic block diagram showing a fuel cell system 14 including a hydrogen supply apparatus according to Embodiment 6.
  • the configuration of the fuel cell system 14 according to Embodiment 6 is basically similar to that of the fuel cell system 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the fuel cell system 14 according to Embodiment 6 is different in configuration from the fuel cell system 10 according to Embodiment 1 in that a heater 23d and a thermometer 24d are provided instead of the heater 23 and the thermometer 24 in Embodiment 1, respectively.
  • the fuel cell system 14 according to Embodiment 6 includes the heater 23d and the thermometer 24d, thus making it possible to heat the hydrogen gas mixed with the odorant and supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 2. As a result, the odorant can be prevented from being liquefied or solidified.
  • the temperature control of the hydrogen gas mixed with the odorant can be carried out by the ECU 4 based on the temperature of the hydrogen gas mixed with the odorant, detected by the thermometer 24d.
  • FIG.11 is a flow chart illustrating the temperature control of the hydrogen gas according to Embodiment 6.
  • the ECU 4 obtains the temperature of the hydrogen gas, mixed with the odorant, by the thermometer 24d (Step 501), and determines whether the obtained temperature of the hydrogen gas, mixed with the odorant, is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature T4 (Step 502).
  • the ECU 4 heats the hydrogen gas, mixed with the odorant, by the heater 23d (Step 503).
  • the predetermined temperature T4 may be the melting point or the boiling point of the odorant.
  • the hydrogen supply apparatus since the hydrogen supply apparatus according to the present invention is satisfactory so long as the temperature of the hydrogen gas to be supplied can be maintained at a temperature at which the hydrogen gas is easily mixed with the odorant, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, and further includes a combination thereof as far as possible.
  • each of the embodiments has been described using an example in which a hydrogen gas is used as a fuel gas.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, but examples of the fuel gas include a natural gas, and an LPG. Therefore, the present invention may be implemented as a fuel gas supply apparatus.
  • the fuel gas supply apparatus is capable of suppressing a temperature reduction in fuel gas even at a low temperature, and is useful for the detection of the fuel gas leakage when an odorant and a fuel gas are mixed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP06783199.0A 2005-09-07 2006-09-06 Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus Not-in-force EP1935844B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005259129 2005-09-07
JP2006211730A JP5055883B2 (ja) 2005-09-07 2006-08-03 水素供給装置
PCT/JP2006/317670 WO2007029748A1 (ja) 2005-09-07 2006-09-06 水素供給装置、燃料ガス供給装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1935844A1 EP1935844A1 (en) 2008-06-25
EP1935844A4 EP1935844A4 (en) 2009-09-16
EP1935844B1 true EP1935844B1 (en) 2015-05-13

Family

ID=37835865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06783199.0A Not-in-force EP1935844B1 (en) 2005-09-07 2006-09-06 Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20090110990A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1935844B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5055883B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101258103B (zh)
CA (1) CA2621401C (zh)
WO (1) WO2007029748A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5145667B2 (ja) * 2006-08-03 2013-02-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 水素供給装置
JP4905235B2 (ja) * 2007-04-19 2012-03-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 付臭剤添加装置、燃料ガス供給システム
DE102008019466A1 (de) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Gastankbehälters in einem Fahrzeug
ITBO20110544A1 (it) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-24 Maria Cecilia Longhini Gruppo erogatore di combustibile gassoso e prodotti additivanti di un impianto a gas per autoveicolo.
US20140255814A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fuel Cell Purge Line System
US9586806B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-03-07 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Hydrogen fuel dispenser with pre-cooling circuit
US9464762B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-10-11 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Hydrogen fuel dispenser with pre-cooling circuit
US9595725B2 (en) * 2013-05-03 2017-03-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Heated ejector assembly for a fuel cell
JP5643887B2 (ja) * 2013-10-09 2014-12-17 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池システム
JP5901608B2 (ja) * 2013-12-26 2016-04-13 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料充填システム
JP6379564B2 (ja) * 2014-03-25 2018-08-29 アイシン精機株式会社 燃料電池システム
DE102014019463A1 (de) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Odorierungsmittelspeicher zum Odorieren eines Nutzgases, insbesondere Erdgas
FR3032257B1 (fr) * 2015-02-04 2017-07-14 Air Liquide Procede et un dispositif de remplissage de reservoir d'hydrogene
JP6514611B2 (ja) * 2015-09-10 2019-05-15 本田技研工業株式会社 ガス充填方法
EP3196533A1 (en) 2016-01-25 2017-07-26 Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research Leakage detection system for pressure vessel
DK201600136A1 (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-10-02 Nel Hydrogen As Cooling of a supply pipe in a hydrogen refueling system
FR3065375B1 (fr) * 2017-04-25 2019-06-28 Arkema France Procede d'odorisation de fluide cryogenique
US20210155476A1 (en) * 2018-04-17 2021-05-27 Electriq-Global Energy Solutions Ltd. Batch systems and methods for hydrogen gas extraction from a liquid hydrogen carrier
CN109027663B (zh) * 2018-06-13 2021-01-15 浙江昊凡科技有限公司 一种加氢站氢能源的备用充装装置及充装系统
CN111174088B (zh) * 2019-01-16 2021-04-20 北方工业大学 一种高压气瓶放气过程温降控制系统及方法
CN110567657A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2019-12-13 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 一种氢能机车氢气泄露监测方法
CN116892679A (zh) * 2019-09-19 2023-10-17 宝马股份公司 压力容器和机动车
AT523678B1 (de) * 2020-03-27 2021-12-15 Avl List Gmbh Dosiereinheit zur Erzeugung eines Mischgases

Family Cites Families (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123252A (en) * 1964-03-03 kuntz
US2322617A (en) * 1941-09-24 1943-06-22 Standard Oil Co California Method and apparatus for odorizing liquefied gas
US3634053A (en) * 1970-04-06 1972-01-11 Inst Gas Technology Odorization method and apparatus
US4025315A (en) * 1971-05-19 1977-05-24 San Diego Gas & Electric Co. Method of odorizing liquid natural gas
US3907515A (en) * 1972-10-02 1975-09-23 San Diego Gas & Electric Co Apparatus for odorizing liquid natural gas
US4219725A (en) * 1978-08-01 1980-08-26 The Dow Chemical Company Heating apparatus for vaporizing liquefied gases
JPS59219392A (ja) * 1983-05-27 1984-12-10 Tokyo Gas Eng Kk ガスに対する付臭方法及びその装置
US4611294A (en) * 1984-05-01 1986-09-09 Stanfill Ira C Method of and apparatus for monitoring odorizer performance
US4684786A (en) * 1984-08-01 1987-08-04 Navistar International Corporation Electrically heated fuel pick-up assembly for vehicle fuel tanks
US5105063A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-04-14 Hockemier Roger G Fuel heating system utilizing a liquid level responsive thermistor selector
EP0646160B1 (en) * 1992-06-16 1997-06-04 Aga Aktiebolag Apparatus for adding a malodorant to a consumer gas
US5531242A (en) * 1993-12-28 1996-07-02 American Air Liquide Cylinder solvent pumping system
JPH08325583A (ja) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-10 Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd 都市ガス用ラインヒータ
JPH10279968A (ja) * 1997-03-31 1998-10-20 Ootaki Gas Kk 移動可能な天然ガス発生装置及び天然ガス供給方法
US6142162A (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-11-07 Odoreyes Technology, Inc. System and method for odorizing natural gas
US6609540B1 (en) * 1999-06-24 2003-08-26 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for supplying fluorine gas
JP2002029701A (ja) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-29 Toyota Motor Corp 水素供給装置および該水素供給装置を備える燃料電池装置、並びに水素検出方法
JP4374782B2 (ja) * 2001-01-18 2009-12-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車載用燃料電池システム及びその制御方法
TW499777B (en) * 2001-04-16 2002-08-21 Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Tech Supply device for use with hydrogen source
JP2003028394A (ja) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-29 Takata Corp 液化ガスボンベの加熱装置
JP4023731B2 (ja) 2002-09-18 2007-12-19 本田技研工業株式会社 水素供給装置
US6839508B2 (en) * 2002-10-18 2005-01-04 Csxt Intellectual Properties Corporation Fuel heater
US20040197919A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Herman Gregory S. Fuel cell leak detection
JP2004315566A (ja) * 2003-04-11 2004-11-11 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ガス付臭方法及び装置
KR100672273B1 (ko) * 2003-07-25 2007-01-24 도요다 지도샤 가부시끼가이샤 가스 공급 장치
CA2445023C (en) * 2003-11-06 2013-02-19 Peter R. Toth Heater control
US6898374B1 (en) * 2003-11-10 2005-05-24 Shiuan Shiau Wen Fuel container having air supplying device
JP2007024192A (ja) 2005-07-15 2007-02-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料供給装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8746274B2 (en) 2014-06-10
US20130189593A1 (en) 2013-07-25
CA2621401A1 (en) 2007-03-15
CN101258103A (zh) 2008-09-03
EP1935844A1 (en) 2008-06-25
US20090110990A1 (en) 2009-04-30
JP5055883B2 (ja) 2012-10-24
WO2007029748A1 (ja) 2007-03-15
JP2007103347A (ja) 2007-04-19
CA2621401C (en) 2013-04-02
EP1935844A4 (en) 2009-09-16
CN101258103B (zh) 2012-08-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1935844B1 (en) Hydrogen supply apparatus and fuel gas supply apparatus
JP4622857B2 (ja) ガス供給装置
US8956778B2 (en) Cathode flow split control and pressure control for a vehicle fuel cell power system
CN111169288A (zh) 检测车载供氢系统氢气泄露的方法、装置及燃料电池汽车
US8281822B2 (en) In-vehicle hydrogen storage apparatus
JP5178919B2 (ja) 発電システム
EP3182491B1 (en) Solid oxide fuel cell system and method for controlling same
KR20110058590A (ko) 연료전지의 냉시동성 향상을 위한 퍼지장치
JP4867199B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム
US20140057185A1 (en) Hydrogen generator, operating method of hydrogen generator, and fuel cell system
US8808935B2 (en) Fuel cell system
JP2008004564A (ja) 燃料電池システムの発電停止方法
JP2009117056A (ja) 燃料電池システム
JP2007193993A (ja) 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法
JP2007157492A (ja) 燃料電池システム
US10763528B2 (en) Operation of a fuel cell stack to prevent low oxygen concentrations in a surrounding enclosed space
KR20210056803A (ko) 수소연료 전기차량을 위한 전자식 수소제어기 및 그의 동작 방법
JP2010021115A (ja) ガス濃度推定装置及び燃料電池システム
WO2012063921A1 (ja) 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの運転方法
KR101300709B1 (ko) Ｌｎｇ 운반선의 강제 기화기의 자동 운전 방법
JP2002056866A (ja) 冷却系の凍結防止を考慮した燃料電池システム
JP2006164894A (ja) 燃料電池システム
Song et al. An Optimization Study of an Evaporator in a Fuel Cell System Adopting Oxygen as a Fuel
JP2010238456A (ja) 燃料電池システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20080313

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20090814

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20110318

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20110329

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C01B 3/00 20060101AFI20130809BHEP

Ipc: H01M 8/04 20060101ALI20130809BHEP

Ipc: F17C 7/00 20060101ALI20130809BHEP

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: MATSUBA, ATSUSHI

Inventor name: IZUTANI, TAKAHIDE

Inventor name: WATANABE, NOBUO

Inventor name: FUJITANI, HIROSHI

Inventor name: YOKOYAMA, TATSUAKI

Inventor name: KUWAHARA, TAKUMI

Inventor name: MATSUSUE, MASAAKI

Inventor name: HIROSE, KATSUHIKO

Inventor name: YUMITA, OSAMU

Inventor name: OSHIKAWA, KATSUHIKO

Inventor name: HIRAKATA, SYUUJI

Inventor name: SUEMATSU, KEIGO

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20141107

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20141211

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602006045430

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20150625

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R084

Ref document number: 602006045430

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602006045430

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20160216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150513

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20150906

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20160531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150906

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150930

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20180821

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602006045430

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200401