Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
  • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
  • F16C33/52—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
  • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
  • F16C33/56—Selection of substances
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
  • C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
  • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
  • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
  • F16C33/52—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers
  • F16C33/523—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers with pins extending into holes or bores on the axis of the rollers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a rolling bearing, with an inner race, aitherlauf- ring, several arranged between the races and guided in a bearing cage rolling elements, wherein the bearing cage for receiving the rolling elements circumferentially equally distributed arranged and axially aligned cage pin, each fixed on one side to a cage ring are, and on each of which a rolling body is rotatably mounted with a central bearing bore.
• a roller bearing consists in a simple embodiment of two races, the inner race and the outer race ring, and the rolling elements and the bearing cage. With a relative rotation of the inner race relative to the outer race, the rolling elements roll on the raceways of the races.
• the rolling movement of the rolling elements consists of a rolling movement and a sliding movement on the raceways of the races, wherein the rolling movement predominates and provides in comparison to a pure sliding movement for a much lower frictional resistance.
• the bearing cage By the bearing cage, the rolling elements between the races over the circumference uniformly distributed and spaced from each other, whereby a uniform load on the bearing components over the circumference, a smooth and smooth running, low wear and a long life and a small rotational resistance of the bearing is achieved ,
• bearings of the bearing cage is often formed as a so-called pin cage and then has mainly axially aligned cage pin for supporting and guiding the rolling elements.
• axial webs between the rolling elements are avoided in comparison to provided with rolling bearing cages axial webs, so that the circumferential distance of the rolling elements can be reduced to each other and with otherwise the same dimensions a total of more rolling elements can be distributed over the circumference.
• a roller bearing with a pin cage has the same external load bearing capacity and a more exact guidance of the rolling elements.
• a possible embodiment of such a roller bearing is described for example in DE 100 31 427 C2.
• the cage bolts are mounted in two axially arranged laterally of the rolling elements cage rings, which although a high stability of the bearing cage results, but is disadvantageously associated with a large axial width of the bearing.
• the cage bolts are fixed on one side to a cage ring, and the rolling elements are each secured with end mounted on the cage bolt thin-walled Endkap- pen, which can be carried out individually or combined in a common annular end cap.
• the axial securing of the rolling bodies can also be arranged via a ring arranged on one of the races. Neten annular guide bar done.
• Double-row roller bearings provided with a pin cage can be made particularly compact by fastening the cage bolts of both bearing rows to a common, centrally arranged cage ring.
• roller bearings with largely free-standing cage bolts have the disadvantage that the cage bolts can bend at high load circumferentially opposite to the direction of rotation, which leads to a tilting of the rolling elements called Schränkung, which has an increased bearing resistance and increased wear of the bearing components involved. There is therefore a need to suppress the load-dependent setting of the rolling elements, compensate or adjust specifically for adaptation to certain mechanical and thermal loads.
• the invention is therefore the object of developing a rolling bearing of the type mentioned in the simplest and most cost-effective manner with regard to improved operating characteristics.
• the invention is based on the finding that by the arrangement of temperature-dependent active passive actuators on the cage pin of the bearing cage an automatic load-dependent change or adjustment of the pitch of the rolling elements and thus an adaptation of the bearing to the current load is possible. It can be exploited for the passive control of the actuators the fact that the operating temperature of the bearing increases with increasing load due to friction. About that In addition, it is also possible to actively influence by adjusting the heating or cooling element in the vicinity of the installation of a rolling bearing, the setting of the setting of the relevant rolling bearing.
• the invention relates according to the features of the main claim therefore a rolling bearing with an inner race, an outer race, a plurality arranged between the races and guided in a bearing cage rolling elements, in which the bearing cage for receiving the rolling elements circumferentially equally distributed and axially aligned cage pin, each having a - Are attached to a cage ring side, and on each of which a rolling body is rotatably mounted with a central bearing bore.
• the bearing cage is provided on each of the cage bolts with at least one passive control element, by means of which a setting of the associated rolling element by a temperature-dependent change in shape of
• Whitlemen- tes is variable.
• the temperature-dependent change in shape may consist of an elongation of the adjusting element, a bending of the adjusting element or a combination of the two.
• the material used for the adjusting elements is preferably a shape memory alloy, for example a nickel-titanium alloy used, from which the adjusting elements, depending on the design, at least partially.
• Shape memory alloys exhibit significantly greater shape changes, such as elongation and flexure, with high mechanical and thermal resilience than known materials for passive actuators, e.g. Bimetal.
• the shape changes of the shape memory alloys are caused by internal microstructural transformation between martensite and austenite, which occur in a relatively small temperature range. Therefore, strain-altering alloys are particularly suitable for use in passive actuators in temperature dependent function applications. For example, applications for thermostatic valves of engine cooling and fan clutches of brake systems of motor vehicles are already known.
• JP 06200933 A JP 63009720 A and JP 01060243 A also known components of shape memory alloys for temperature-dependent influencing the axial or radial installation play of rolling bearings.
• nickel-titanium alloys are particularly well suited, since their structural transformation takes place in the temperature range of -35 ° C to + 85 ° C, which is frequently affected in practical operation.
• Nickel-titanium alloys also have good damping properties, which improves their smoothness when used in rolling bearings.
• the cage bolts are rigidly mounted in the cage ring, and the respectively associated actuator is designed as a circumferentially effective bending joint, which is arranged outside of the cage ring between the bolt and the bolt leg of the respective cage pin.
• the setting of the rolling elements is adjusted directly by a temperature-dependent pivoting of the cage bolts via the adjusting elements, whereby these due to the force Transmission between the stud shafts and the pin bases of the cage bolts must be dimensioned accordingly strong.
• the cage pins are limited in the circumferential direction pivotally mounted in the cage ring about an annular radial axis of articulation, and the respective associated actuator is designed as a support web, the at least one side outside of the cage ring circumferentially angled between the cage ring and the Bolt foot of the respective cage pin is arranged.
• the cage bolts are pivoted in the circumferential direction by a temperature-dependent expansion and / or bending of the associated adjusting elements and thereby caused a reduction or increase in the effective length of the adjusting elements.
• the adjusting elements are in this case expediently asymmetrically effective and arranged respectively with respect to the longitudinal axis of the associated cage pin and thus each have as a function of temperature an opposite or different strain and / or a circumferentially rectified bend on.
• the cage bolts are also each limited to a ring-side radial hinge axis in the circumferential direction pivotally mounted in the cage ring.
• the respective adjusting element is now designed as an expansion element which is arranged within the cage ring with a substantially circumferential alignment spaced from the hinge axis in operative contact with the bolt foot of the relevant cage bolt.
• the effect of the control elements is the same in this design as in the embodiment described above. Due to the arrangement of the adjusting elements within the bearing ring but the axial width of the Wälzla- gers is advantageously reduced.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the rolling bearing according to the invention with reference to a section of a cylindrical roller bearing
• Figure 2 shows a second embodiment with reference to a section of a cylindrical roller bearing
• FIG 3 shows a third embodiment with reference to a section of a spherical roller bearing.
• a partially formed in Fig. 1, designed as a cylindrical roller bearing 2 rolling bearing 1 has a bearing cage 3 with a cage ring 4, on which a plurality of circumferentially equally distributed and arranged axially aligned fig pins 5 are arranged.
• the cage bolts 5 are each attached to one side of the cage ring 4.
• rolling elements 6 is rotatably mounted with a central bearing bore 8.
• the cage bolts 5 are each fixed rigidly in the cage ring 4 and have a temperature-sensitive passive actuator 10 which preferably at least partially consists of a shape memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy, and therefore in principle a temperature-dependent change in shape, ie an elongation and / or a bend.
• a shape memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy
• Weak control element 10 is arranged outside the cage ring 4 between the bolt foot 11 and the bolt shank 12 of the respective cage bolt 5 and formed as a circumferentially effective bending joint 13.
• the cage pin 5 are each limited by a ring-side radial hinge axis 16 limited circumferentially in the cage ring 4 attached.
• the cage pin 5 two designed as support webs 17 temperature-sensitive passive actuators 10 are arranged outside the cage ring 4 circumferentially angled between the cage ring 4 and the Bolzenfuß 11 of the respective cage bolt 5 are attached.
• the cage pins 5 are pivoted by a temperature-dependent expansion and / or bending of the associated adjusting elements 10 in the direction of rotation 15 or counter to the direction of rotation 15 of the bearing 1 and thus changed the setting of the relevant rolling element 6.
• the two support webs 17 arranged on a cage bolt 5 would each have the opposite effect with symmetrical design and arrangement with respect to the pivoting movement, in this case an asymmetrical design and / or arrangement of the adjustment elements 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis 18 of the associated cage bolt 5 is required.
• the two support bars therefore, each have an opposite or different strain and / or a circumferentially rectified bend as a function of the temperature.
• a rolling bearing 1 designed as a double-row spherical roller bearing 19 has two adjacent cage rings 4, on each of which a plurality of cage bolts 5 are arranged uniformly distributed on the circumference.
• each trained as a barrel roller 20 rolling elements 6 is rotatably mounted with a central bearing bore 8 and secured end by means of an end cap 21.
• the cage bolts 5 are fastened in their respective cage ring 4 so as to be pivotable about their circumference at the periphery by a bolt-side radial hinge axis 16.
• An effective as an expansion element 22 temperature-sensitive passive actuator 10 is disposed in each case within the respective cage ring 4 with circumferential alignment and spaced from the hinge axis 16 in operative contact with the Bolzenfuß 11 of the cage pin 5.
• the effect of the adjusting elements 10 in this design is the same as in the previously described embodiment. Due to the arrangement of the adjusting elements 10 within the bearing ring 4 but the axial width of the rolling bearing 1 is advantageously reduced.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=37033200

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (23)

• 2005
  • 2005-05-04 DE DE102005020783A patent/DE102005020783A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-04-28 CN CN2006800150430A patent/CN101171434B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-04-28 RU RU2007144976/11A patent/RU2007144976A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-04-28 KR KR1020077026941A patent/KR20080014782A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-04-28 US US11/913,512 patent/US20100220951A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-04-28 EP EP06742284A patent/EP1877672A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-04-28 JP JP2008512681A patent/JP2008540980A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-04-28 WO PCT/DE2006/000741 patent/WO2006116976A2/de active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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