Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
  • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
  • C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
  • C11D3/1266—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
  • C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions

Definitions

• the invention relates to an aqueous liquid washing and cleaning agent containing surfactant (s) and other conventional ingredients of detergents and cleaners.
• liquid detergents and cleaners can cause problems. For example, incompatibilities between the individual active ingredient components of the liquid detergents and cleaners may occur. This can lead to undesirable discoloration, agglomeration, odor problems and destruction of detergent active ingredients.
• active ingredients e.g., bleaches, enzymes, perfumes, dyes, etc.
• liquid detergents and cleaning agents which, even after storage and transport, develop optimally at the time of use. This implies that the ingredients of the liquid detergent and cleaning agent have previously neither sedimented, decomposed or volatilized.
• a concept for the incorporation of sensitive, chemically or physically incompatible as well as volatile components consists in the use of particles and in particular microcapsules in which these ingredients are trapped stable storage and transport.
• liquid aqueous cleaning agents containing at least 2 wt .-% triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, a total of 8 to 50 wt .-% surfactant and 0.1 to 5 wt .-% suspended phase, for example, spheroidal capsules having a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm contained, and have a pH of 5.5 to 11.
• a homogeneous distribution of the suspended phase is achieved by using water-soluble acrylic acid polymers such as Carbopol 941.
• the WO 93/22417 discloses liquid detergent compositions containing from 5 to 85% by weight of surfactant and from 0.1 to 10% by weight of polymer capsules having a size of less than 250 ⁇ m.
• the polymer capsules contain sensitive detergent-active substances and polymer compositions consisting of a hydrophobic polymer core and a hydrophilic polymer in a ratio of 2: 8 to 7: 3.
• the WO 97/12027 discloses liquid detergents having a pH of 5 to 9 (at 10% dilution), containing 10 to 40% by weight of anionic surfactants, 1 to 10% by weight of amine oxides, less than 10% by weight of solvent, and of 0 contain up to 10 wt .-% electrolyte.
• the liquid has a viscosity of 100 to 4000 cps at a shear rate of 20 s -1 and is able to suspend particles up to a size of 200 ⁇ m.
• One way to suspend particles in a liquid is to use structured liquids.
• structured liquids A distinction is made between internal and external structuring.
• External structuring can be achieved, for example, by using structuring gums such as, for example, xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, gellan gum, wellan gum or carrageenan.
• liquid detergents in which the particles are suspended are transparent or at least translucent.
• structuring gums often leads to cloudy composition.
• the DE 10111536 A describes liquid cleaners containing gellan and xanthan gum.
• liquid detergents which are capable of suspending particles having a size of 300 to 5000 microns, comprising at least 15 wt .-% of surfactant and 0.01 to 5 wt .-% of a polymeric gum.
• the application contains no information as to whether the liquid detergents have yield points.
• the liquid detergents described there have only small amounts of fatty acid soaps ( ⁇ 1.42 wt .-%).
• Fatty acid soaps are an important ingredient in the detergency of an aqueous liquid detergent.
• a thickening system of gellan gum and a thickener which may be a polyacrylate thickener, xanthan gum, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite, wellan gum and locust bean gum, clear, stable and thickened liquid Detergents and cleaning agents can be obtained with yield point.
• the use of high levels ( ⁇ 2% by weight) of fatty acid soap in such systems results in cloudy and unstable products.
• the amount of gellan gum in the washing and cleaning agent is 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, and preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight.
• the amount of polyacrylate thickener 0.01 to 1.0 wt .-% and preferably 0.1 to 1.0 wt .-% is 0.01 to 1.0 wt .-% and preferably 0.1 to 1.0 wt .-% is.
• the amount of xanthan gum is 0.01 to 1.0 wt%, and preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt%.
• the washing and cleaning agent contains dispersed particles, particularly preferably microcapsules or speckles, whose diameter along their greatest spatial extent is 0.01 to 10,000 ⁇ m.
• microcapsules sensitive, chemically or physically incompatible and volatile components of the aqueous liquid detergent and cleaning agent can be trapped stable storage and transport and are homogeneously dispersed in the aqueous liquid detergent and cleaning agent. This will, among other things ensures that the washing and cleaning agent is available to the consumer at the time of use with full vigilance and cleaning power.
• the washing and cleaning agent contains between 4 and 10 wt .-% and most preferably between 6 and 8 wt .-% fatty acid soap.
• washing and cleaning agents according to the invention are described in detail below, inter alia, by way of examples.
• the thickening system contains Gellan Gum as a mandatory component.
• Gellan Gum is an unbranched anionic microbial heteroexopolysaccharide with a tetrasaccharidic repeat unit consisting of the monomers glucose, glucuronic acid and rhamnose.
• Gellan Gum forms thermoreversible gels after heating and cooling. The gels are stable over a wide temperature and pH range.
• the amount (in terms of total agent) of gellan gum in the washing and cleaning agent is preferably 0.01 to 0.5 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt .-%.
• Gellan Gum can be obtained under the trade name Kelcogel® in various qualities from Kelco
• the thickening system contains a thickener selected from the group consisting of a polyacrylate thickener, xanthan gum, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonites, Wellan gum and locust bean gum.
• a polyacrylate thickener and xanthan gum are preferred.
• the polyacrylate thickeners include, for example, the high molecular weight with a polyalkenyl polyether, in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene, crosslinked homopolymers of acrylic acid (INCI name according to "International Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients” of “The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA)”: Carbomer), which are also referred to as carboxyvinyl polymers.
• a polyalkenyl polyether in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene
• CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association
• Such polyacrylic acids are available, inter alia, from 3V Sigma under the trade name Polygel®, for example Polygel DA, and from BF Goodrich under the trade name Carbopol®, for example Carbopol 940 (molecular weight about 4,000,000), Carbopol 941 (molecular weight about 250,000) or Carbopol 934 (molecular weight about 3,000,000).
• acrylic acid copolymers are included: (i) Copolymers of two or more monomers from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple ester, preferably formed with C 1-4 -alkanols (INCI acrylates copolymer), such as the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS designation according to Chemical Abstracts Service: 25035-69-2) or butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (GAS 25852-37-3) and the example of the Fa.
• ICI acrylates copolymer such as the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS designation according to Chemical Abstracts Service: 25035-69-2) or butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (GAS 25852-37-3) and the example of the Fa.
• Preferred aqueous liquid detergents and cleaners contain as component b) of the thickening system in each case based on the total agent 0.01 to 1 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 1 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5 Wt .-% polyacrylate thickener.
• xanthan gum a microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species under aerobic conditions and having a molecular weight of from 2 to 15 million daltons.
• Xanthan is formed from a chain of ⁇ -1,4-linked glucose (cellulose) with side chains.
• the structure of the subgroups consists of glucose, mannose, Glucuronic acid, acetate and pyruvate, wherein the number of pyruvate units determines the viscosity of the xanthan gum.
• Xanthan gum can be described by the following formula (1): Xanthan gum is available, for example, from Kelco under the trade names Keltrol® and Kelzan® or also from Rhodia under the trade name Rhodopol®.
• Preferred aqueous liquid detergents and cleaners contain as component b) of the thickening system in each case based on the total agent 0.01 to 1 wt .-% and preferably 0.1 to 0.5 wt .-% xanthan gum.
• the ratio of gellan gum to the thickener (component b) of the thickening system) is preferably between 10: 1 and 1:50, and most preferably between 1: 1 and 1: 5.
• liquid detergents and cleaners contain between 2 and 20 wt .-% fatty acid soap.
• Suitable are saturated and unsaturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids.
• the liquid detergents and cleaners contain surfactant (s), wherein anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants can be used. From an application point of view, preference is given to mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
• the total surfactant content of the liquid washing and cleaning agent is preferably below 40% by weight and more preferably below 35% by weight, based on the total liquid detergent and cleaning agent.
• the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture can contain, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
• EO ethylene oxide
• alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
• the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12-14 alcohols with 3 EO, 4 EO or 7 EO, C 9-11 alcohols with 7 EO, C 13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12-18 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12-14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C 12-18 -alcohol with 7 EO.
• the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number.
• Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
• fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
• Nonionic surfactants containing EO and PO groups together in the molecule can also be used according to the invention.
• block copolymers with EO-PO block units or PO-EO block units can be used, but also EO-PO-EO copolymers or PO-EO-PO copolymers.
• nonionic surfactants and alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x can be used in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, especially in the 2-position methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
• the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.
• nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application JP 58/217598 are described or preferably according to the in the international patent application WO 90/13533 be prepared described methods.
• Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
• the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof.
• polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (2) wherein RCO is an aliphatic acyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
• the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
• the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (3), in the R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated Derivatives of this residue.
• R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
• R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2
• [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
• a sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
• the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example, according to the teaching of the international application WO-A-95/07331 be converted by conversion with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst into the desired Polyhydroxyfettklaamide.
• the content of nonionic surfactants is the liquid detergents and cleaners preferably 5 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 9 to 15 wt .-%, each based on the total agent.
• anionic surfactants for example, those of the sulfonate type and sulfates are used.
• the surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9-13 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as are obtained, for example, from C 12-18 -monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products into consideration.
• alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C 12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
• esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
• sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as obtained in the preparation by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol.
• Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.
• Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which has an analogous degradation behavior like the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
• C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 16 alkyl sulfates are preferred.
• 2,3-alkyl sulfates which, for example, according to the U.S. Patents 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 are manufactured and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name NAN ®, are suitable anionic surfactants.
• sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched C 7-21 -alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide such as 2-methyl-branched C 9-11- alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12-16 Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. Due to their high foaming behavior, they are only used in detergents in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of from 1 to 5% by weight.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
• alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
• Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8-18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these.
• Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves constitute nonionic surfactants (see description below).
• Sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred.
• alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
• the anionic surfactants may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
• the anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
• the content of preferred liquid detergents and cleaners to anionic surfactants is 2 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 4 to 25 wt .-% and in particular 5 to 22 wt .-%, each based on the total agent. It is particularly preferred that the amount of fatty acid soap is at least 4% by weight, and more preferably at least 6% by weight.
• the viscosity of the liquid detergents and cleaning agents can be measured by conventional standard methods (for example Brookfield LVT-II viscosimeter at 20 rpm and 20 ° C., spindle 3) and is preferably in the range from 500 to 5000 mPas.
• Preferred agents have viscosities from 700 to 4000 mPas, with values between 1000 and 3000 mPas being particularly preferred.
• the liquid detergents and cleaners may contain other ingredients which further enhance the performance and / or aesthetics of the liquid detergent and conditioner.
• preferred agents additionally contain the structuring agents and, to surfactant (s), one or more substances from the group of builders, bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, electrolytes, nonaqueous solvents, pH adjusters, fragrances, perfume carriers, fluorescers, dyes, Hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti redeposition agents, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, wrinkle inhibitors, dye transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, bogel aids, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents and UV absorbers.
• Suitable builders which may be present in the liquid detergents and cleaners are in particular silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.
• Suitable crystalline layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 H 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2 , 3 or 4 are.
• Such crystalline sheet silicates are described, for example, in the European patent application EP-A-0 164 514 described.
• Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3.
• both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ⁇ yH 2 O are preferred, with ⁇ -sodium disilicate, for example can be obtained by the method described in the international patent application WO-A-91/08171 is described.
• amorphous sodium silicates with a Na 2 O: SiO 2 modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which Delayed and have secondary washing properties.
• the dissolution delay compared with conventional amorphous sodium silicates may have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying.
• the term "amorphous” is also understood to mean "X-ray amorphous”.
• the silicates do not yield sharp X-ray reflections typical of crystalline substances in X-ray diffraction experiments, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays which have a width of several degrees of diffraction angle. However, it may well even lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles provide blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline regions of size 10 to a few hundred nm, with values of up to a maximum of 50 nm and in particular up to a maximum of 20 nm being preferred.
• Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates which likewise have a dissolution delay compared to the conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in the German patent application DE-A-44 00 024 described.
• Particularly preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates.
• the finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
• zeolite P zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred.
• zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are particularly preferred.
• the zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or else as undried, still moist, stabilized suspension of its preparation.
• zeolite In the event that the zeolite is used as a suspension, this may be minor additions contain nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3 wt .-%, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols having 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups, C 12 -C 14 fatty alcohols having 4 to 5 ethylene oxide or ethoxylated isotridecanols.
• Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution, measuring method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
• phosphates as builders are possible, unless such use should not be avoided for environmental reasons.
• sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance.
• Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
• bleach activators can be incorporated into the detergents and cleaners.
• bleach activators it is possible to use compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
• Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
• polyacylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-diacetoxy- 2,5-dihydrofuran.
• TAED tetraacety
• bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the liquid detergents and cleaners. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or
• Transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo-Salenkomplexe or carbonyl complexes.
• Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes can also be used as bleach catalysts.
• Suitable enzymes are in particular those from the classes of hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipase or lipolytic enzymes, amylases, cellulases or other Glykosylhydrolasen and mixtures of these enzymes in question. All of these hydrolases in the wash contribute to the removal of stains such as proteinaceous, greasy or starchy stains and graying. In addition, cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases may contribute to color retention and to enhancing the softness of the fabric by removing pilling and microfibrils. Oxireductases can also be used for bleaching or inhibiting color transfer.
• hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipase or lipolytic enzymes, amylases, cellulases or other Glykosylhydrolasen and mixtures of these enzymes in question. All of these hydrolases in the wash contribute to the removal of stains such as proteinaceous, greasy or starchy stains and graying.
• Bacillus subtilis Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyceus griseus and Humicola insolens derived enzymatic agents.
• Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis
• Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis
• Streptomyceus griseus and Humicola insolens derived enzymatic agents.
• subtilisin-type proteases and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used.
• enzyme mixtures for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or from protease, amylase and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or protease, lipase or lipolytic enzymes and cellulase, but in particular protease and / or lipase-containing mixtures or mixtures with lipolytic enzymes of particular interest.
• lipolytic enzymes are the known cutinases. Peroxidases or oxidases have also proved suitable in some cases.
• Suitable amylases include in particular ⁇ -amylases, iso-amylases, pullulanases and pectinases.
• As cellulases are preferably cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and ⁇ -glucosidases, which are also called cellobiases, or mixtures thereof used. Since different cellulase types differ by their CMCase and avicelase activities, the desired activities can be set by targeted mixtures of the cellulases.
• the enzymes may be adsorbed to carriers to protect against premature degradation.
• the proportion of enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules may be, for example, about 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.12 to about 2.5 wt .-%.
• electrolytes from the group of inorganic salts a wide number of different salts can be used.
• Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a manufacturing point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl 2 in the compositions is preferred.
• the proportion of electrolytes in the agents is usually 0.5 to 5 wt .-%.
• Non-aqueous solvents which can be used in the liquid detergents and cleaners, for example, from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers, provided that they are miscible in the specified concentration range with water.
• the solvents are preferably selected from ethanol, n- or i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propane- or butanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyl- or butyldiglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether , Diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl, ethyl or propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, diisopropylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, methoxy, ethoxy or butoxy triglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3 Methoxybutanol, propylene glycol t-butyl ether and mixtures of
• pH adjusters In order to bring the pH of the liquid detergents and cleaners into the desired range, the use of pH adjusters may be indicated. Can be used here are all known acids or alkalis, unless their use is not for technical application or environmental reasons or for reasons of consumer protection prohibited. Usually, the amount of these adjusting agents does not exceed 7% by weight of the total formulation.
• dyes In order to improve the aesthetic impression of the liquid washing and cleaning agents, they can be dyed with suitable dyes.
• Preferred dyes the selection of which presents no difficulty to the skilled person, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the agents and to light and no pronounced substantivity to textile fibers so as not to stain them.
• Suitable foam inhibitors which can be used in the liquid detergents and cleaners are, for example, soaps, paraffins or silicone oils, which may optionally be applied to support materials.
• Suitable anti-redeposition agents which are also referred to as soil repellents, are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether and the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid known from the prior art or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these.
• Especially preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of the phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers.
• Optical brighteners can be added to the liquid detergents and cleaning agents in order to eliminate graying and yellowing of the treated textile fabrics. These fabrics impinge on the fiber and cause whitening and bleaching by transforming invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible longer wavelength light, emitting the ultraviolet light absorbed from the sunlight as faint bluish fluorescence, and pure with the yellowness of the grayed or yellowed wash White results.
• Suitable compounds are derived, for example, from the substance classes of 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acids (flavonic acids), 4,4'-distyrylbiphenyls, methylumbelliferones, coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1,3-diarylpyrazolines, naphthalimides, benzoxazole , Benzisoxazole and benzimidazole systems as well as heterocyclic substituted pyrene derivatives.
• the optical brighteners are usually used in amounts of between 0.03 and 0.3 wt .-%, based on the finished composition.
• Grayness inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being rebuilt.
• Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example glue, gelatine, salts of ether sulfonic acids or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
• water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose. It is also possible to use soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above, for example degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful.
• cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the compositions.
• the compositions may contain synthetic crease inhibitors.
• the liquid detergents and cleaning agents may contain antimicrobial agents.
• antimicrobial agents Depending on the antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action, a distinction is made between bacteriostatic agents and bactericides, fungistats and fungicides, etc.
• Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, alkylarylsulfonates, halophenols and phenolmercuric acetate, and the compounds according to the invention can be completely dispensed with.
• the agents may contain antioxidants.
• This class of compounds includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols and aromatic amines, as well as organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, phosphites and phosphonates.
• Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and thus allow an improved drainage of formed charges.
• External antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic film on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be subdivided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents.
• External antistatics are for example in the patent applications FR 1,156,513 . GB 873 214 and GB 839,407 described.
• the lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides disclosed herein are useful as antistatics for textile fabrics or as an additive to laundry detergents, with a softening effect being additionally achieved.
• silicone derivatives can be used in the liquid detergents and cleaners. These additionally improve the rinsing behavior of the agents by their foam-inhibiting properties.
• Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups have one to five carbon atoms and are completely or partially fluorinated.
• Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may optionally be derivatized and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or Si-Cl bonds.
• the viscosities of the preferred silicones are in the range between 100 and 100,000 mPas at 25 ° C, wherein the silicones in amounts between 0.2 and 5 wt .-%, based on the total agent can be used.
• the liquid detergents and cleaners may also contain UV absorbers that wick onto the treated fabrics and improve the lightfastness of the fibers.
• Compounds having these desired properties include, for example, the non-radiative deactivating compounds and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Also suitable are substituted benzotriazoles, phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives) in the 3-position, optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic acid.
• Suitable heavy metal complexing agents are, for example, the alkali metal salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and alkali metal salts of anionic polyelectrolytes such as polymaleates and polysulfonates.
• EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
• NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
• anionic polyelectrolytes such as polymaleates and polysulfonates.
• a preferred class of complexing agents are the phosphonates, which in preferred liquid detergents and cleaners in amounts of from 0.01 to 2.5 wt .-%, preferably 0.02 to 2 wt .-% and in particular from 0.03 to 1 , 5 wt .-% are included.
• These preferred compounds include in particular organophosphonates such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), diethylenetriamine penta (methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP or DETPMP) and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2 , 4-tricarboxylic acid (PBS-AM), which are used mostly in the form of their ammonium or alkali metal salts.
• organophosphonates such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), diethylenetriamine penta (methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP or DETPMP) and 2-phospho
• the resulting aqueous liquid washing and cleaning agents are clear, that is, they have no sediment and are preferably transparent or at least translucent.
• the aqueous liquid washing and cleaning agents preferably have a transmission of the visible light of at least 30%, preferably 50% and especially preferably 75%.
• an aqueous washing and cleaning agent may contain dispersed particles whose diameter is from 0.01 to 10,000 ⁇ m along their largest spatial extent.
• particles may be microcapsules as well as granules, compounds and fragrance beads, with microcapsules being preferred.
• microcapsule is understood to mean aggregates which contain at least one solid or liquid core which is enclosed by at least one continuous shell, in particular a shell of polymer (s). These are usually finely dispersed liquid or solid phases coated with film-forming polymers, during the production of which the polymers precipitate on the material to be enveloped after emulsification and coacervation or interfacial polymerization.
• the microscopic capsules can be dried like powder.
• multinuclear aggregates also called microspheres, are known, which contain two or more cores distributed in the continuous shell material.
• Mono- or polynuclear microcapsules can also be enclosed by an additional second, third, etc., sheath.
• the shell may be made of natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic materials.
• shell materials are, for example, gum arabic, agar agar, agarose, maltodextrins, alginic acid or its salts, for example sodium or calcium alginate, fats and fatty acids, cetyl alcohol, collagen, chitosan, lecithins, gelatin, albumin, shellac, polysaccharides, such as starch or dextran , Sucrose and waxes.
• Semi-synthetic shell materials include chemically modified celluloses, in particular cellulose esters and ethers, for example cellulose acetate, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose, and also starch derivatives, in particular starch ethers and esters.
• Synthetic envelope materials are, for example, polymers such as polyacrylates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
• aqueous liquid detergent and cleaning agent can be trapped stable in storage and transport.
• active ingredients for example, optical brighteners, surfactants, complexing agents, bleaching agents, bleach activators, dyes and fragrances, antioxidants, builders, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, antimicrobial agents, Vergrauurigsinhibitoren, Antiredepositionsstoff, pH adjusters, electrolytes, foam inhibitors and UV absorbers are located.
• the microcapsules may contain, for example, cationic surfactants, vitamins, proteins, preservatives, detergency boosters or pearlescing agents.
• the fillings of the microcapsules may be solids or liquids in the form of solutions or emulsions or suspensions.
• the microcapsules may have any shape in the production-related framework, but they are preferably approximately spherical. Their diameter along their largest spatial extent, depending on the components contained in their interior and the application between 0.01 microns (not visually recognizable as a capsule) and 10,000 microns. Preference is given to visible microcapsules having a diameter in the range from 100 ⁇ m to 7000 ⁇ m, in particular from 400 ⁇ m to 5000 ⁇ m.
• the microcapsules are accessible by methods known in the art, with coacervation and interfacial polymerization being the most important.
• microcapsules all surfactant-stable microcapsules available on the market can be used, for example the commercial products (the shell material is indicated in parentheses) Hallcrest microcapsules (gelatin, gum arabic), Coletica thalaspheres (marine collagen), Lipotec millicapsules (alginic acid, agar-agar) , Also unispheres (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ); Unicerin C30 (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ), Kobo Glycospheres (modified starch, fatty acid esters, phospholipids), Softspheres (modified Agar Agar) and Kuhs Probiol Nanospheres (phospholipids).
• Hallcrest microcapsules gelatin, gum arabic
• Coletica thalaspheres marine collagen
• Lipotec millicapsules alginic acid, agar-agar
• unispheres lactose, microcrystalline
• particles which have no core-shell structure but in which the active substance is distributed in a matrix of a matrix-forming material. Such particles are also referred to as "speckles”.
• a preferred matrix-forming material is alginate.
• alginate-based speckles is an aqueous alginate solution, which also contains the drug or the entrapped active ingredients contains, dripped and subsequently cured 3+ ions precipitation bath containing ions in a Ca 2+ or Al.
• the alginate-based speckles are subsequently washed with water and then washed in an aqueous solution with a complexing agent to free Ca 2+ ions or free Al 3+ ions, which undesirable interactions with ingredients of the liquid wash - And detergent, such as the fatty acid soaps, can go out, wash out. Subsequently, the alginate-based speckles are washed again with water to remove excess complexing agent.
• matrix-forming materials can be used instead of alginate.
• matrix-forming materials include polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethacrylate, polylysine, poloxamer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene oxide, polyethoxyoxazoline, albumin, gelatin, acacia, chitosan, cellulose, dextran, ficoll®, starch, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hyaluronic acid, Carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, deacetylated chitosan, dextran sulfate and derivatives of these materials.
• the matrix formation in these materials takes place for example via gelation, polyanion-polycation interactions or polyelectrolyte-metal ion interactions and is well known in the art as well as the production of particles with these matrix-forming materials.
• the particles can be stably dispersed in the aqueous liquid detergent and cleaner.
• Stable means the means are stable at room temperature and at 40 ° C for a period of at least 4 weeks and preferably at least 6 weeks, without the means creaming or sedimenting.
• the release of the active ingredients from the microcapsules or speckles is usually carried out during the application of the agents containing them by destruction of the shell or the matrix due to mechanical, thermal, chemical or enzymatic action.
• the liquid detergents and cleaners contain identical or different particles in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.2 to 8% by weight and very preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight. -%.
• the detergents and cleaning agents according to the invention can be used for cleaning textile surface fabrics and / or hard surfaces.
• gellan gum is first added to water and allowed to swell at 80 ° C. Subsequently, a small amount of a saline solution, preferably with trivalent or divalent metal cations such as Al 3+ or Ca 2+ , is added. In the next step, the acidic components such as the linear alkyl sulfonates, citric acid, boric acid, phosphonic acid, the fatty alcohol ether sulfates, etc., and the nonionic surfactants are added. Subsequently, a base such as NaOH, KOH, triethanolamine or monoethanolamine is added followed by the fatty acid, if any.
• a base such as NaOH, KOH, triethanolamine or monoethanolamine is added followed by the fatty acid, if any.
• the remaining ingredients and the solvents of the aqueous liquid detergent and cleaning agent and, if present, the polyacrylate thickener are added to the mixture and the pH adjusted to about 8.5.
• the particles to be dispersed can be added and distributed homogeneously in the aqueous liquid washing and cleaning agent by mixing.
• the thickening system of the washing and cleaning agent contains a polysaccharide such as xanthan gum as component b), it is initially allowed to swell with the gellan gum in water.
• Table 1 shows washing and cleaning agents E1 to E3 according to the invention and comparative examples V1 to V5 .
• the washing and cleaning agents E1 to E3 obtained were clear and had a viscosity of around 1,000 mPas.
• the pH of the liquid detergents and cleaners was 8.5. All information is given in weight percent, in each case based on the total mean.
• the three detergents E1 to E3 were stable at room temperature and at 40 ° C for 8 weeks.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=34971303

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (37)

Family Cites Families (37)

• 2004
  • 2004-08-23 DE DE102004040849A patent/DE102004040849A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2005
  • 2005-06-24 PL PL05755420T patent/PL1781766T3/pl unknown
  • 2005-06-24 DE DE502005008198T patent/DE502005008198D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-06-24 AT AT05755420T patent/ATE443754T1/de active
  • 2005-06-24 WO PCT/EP2005/006836 patent/WO2006021255A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2005-06-24 US US11/661,021 patent/US7749332B2/en active Active
  • 2005-06-24 EP EP05755420A patent/EP1781766B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-06-24 ES ES05755420T patent/ES2331959T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-06-24 JP JP2007528628A patent/JP5260053B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events