EP1769238B1 - Sonde de mesure a triple tube de protection - Google Patents

Sonde de mesure a triple tube de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1769238B1
EP1769238B1 EP05742991A EP05742991A EP1769238B1 EP 1769238 B1 EP1769238 B1 EP 1769238B1 EP 05742991 A EP05742991 A EP 05742991A EP 05742991 A EP05742991 A EP 05742991A EP 1769238 B1 EP1769238 B1 EP 1769238B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
gas
passage holes
sensor
inner tube
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Active
Application number
EP05742991A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1769238A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Weyl
Stefan Heinzelmann
Bastian Buchholz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1769238A1 publication Critical patent/EP1769238A1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4077—Means for protecting the electrolyte or the electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/148—Arrangement of sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring sensor, in particular a gas sensor for determining a physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature or the concentration of a gas component, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such sensors are used for example as so-called lambda probes for determining the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • the sensor is equipped with an electrical self-heating; to bring the gas-sensitive sensor element as soon as possible, and still during the warm-up phase of the engine to its operating temperature.
  • the sensor element is made of ceramic materials.
  • such ceramics are very sensitive to strong Temperafurschwankungen, which led to cracks in the ceramic and thus to malfunction up to total failure of the probe.
  • Extreme temperature fluctuations also referred to as so-called thermal shocks, occur on the surface of the sensor element, for example at the start and in the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine, when cold water droplets strike the already heated sensor element.
  • Such drops of water can be formed by the fact that during the warm-up phase the water vapor produced by the engine combustion condenses on cold surfaces of the exhaust system and of the sensor and drops water droplets from the condensate film, which are then entrained by the gas flow and are guided by this to the sensor element.
  • a known sensor used as an exhaust gas sensor ( DE 199 24 319 C2 ) is provided to protect the sensor element against exposure to entrained in the exhaust stream water droplets consisting of an inner and outer tube, which are each provided with gas inlet and outlet openings, existing double protection tube surrounding the exhaust gas exposed portion of the sensor element.
  • At least one inlet opening of the inner tube and / or at least one inlet opening of the outer tube a flow element is arranged, which in the direction of the respective inner circumferential surface of the interior of the inner tube entering the space enclosed by the inner and outer tube and / or in the interior of the inner tube exhaust gas stream. and / or outer tube deflects.
  • the water is held on the inner pipe jacket surfaces, and as a result of the increasing temperature of the exhaust gas with increasing warm-up of the internal combustion engine, the water evaporates gradually.
  • Particles passing through the gas passage holes in the double protection tube are burned on the hot tube jacket of the central protection tube, since this is heated rapidly to a temperature sufficient for the combustion process of these particles due to the proximity to the heated sensor element and its rather thin wall thickness. This overall improves the service life and the dynamics of the sensor, which is maintained even under difficult operating conditions, as they occur, for example, in a single cylinder control.
  • the sensor according to the invention can also be used as a lambda probe with advantages in internal combustion engines in which large temperature differences occur between idling and full load in the exhaust gas and the sensor must be installed from the hot exhaust gas flow back into the exhaust pipe for reasons of overheating. Despite the associated longer heating time of the sensor housing after the cold start and the associated, sometimes long-term non-exceeding of the dew point temperature on the housing mass during prolonged idle periods and low ambient temperatures, the protection of the sensor element is effectively achieved.
  • the drawing shows a detail of a longitudinal section of a lambda probe for an internal combustion engine, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • a three-way catalytic converter with lambda control is used Fig. 1
  • the lambda probe shown in longitudinal section in sections in this case serves to control the air-fuel mixture in order to be able to adjust a stoichiometric mixture as possible by measuring the concentration of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas so that pollutant emissions are minimized by optimal combustion.
  • This lambda probe is described below as an exemplary embodiment of a general sensor used as a gas sensor, with which a physical property of a measurement gas, for example the temperature of the measurement gas or the concentration of a gas component in the measurement gas, is measured.
  • the lambda probe has a sensor element 11 made of a ceramic with a gas-side end section 111 exposed to the exhaust gas and a connection-side end section, not shown here, in which the electrical contact of the sensor element 11 is made for connection to a control and evaluation device received in a sensor housing 12, from which in Fig. 1 only the gas-side end region is shown, in which a housing shoulder 121 is formed in the interior of the sensor housing 12 by reducing the clear diameter of the sensor housing 12.
  • the sensor element 11 is gas-tightly inserted in the sensor housing 12 by means of a ceramic seal 13, which surrounds the sensor element 11 without gaps, and projects out of the sensor housing 12 with the gas-side end section.
  • the sensor housing 12 is provided with an externally threaded portion 122, with in which the lambda probe is screwed in at the installation location into a connection piece held on an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine such that the end face 111 on the measurement gas side dips into the exhaust gas stream guided in the exhaust pipe.
  • the gas-side end portion 111 of the sensor element 11 is enclosed by a double protection tube 14, which is pushed onto a housing collar 123 formed on the sensor housing 12 and welded gas-tight with this.
  • the double protection tube 14 consists of an outer tube 15 and a inner tube 16 which is concentrically enclosed by the outer tube 15 with radial clearance and projects beyond the free end of the outer tube 15.
  • the projecting tapers conically and is closed by a tube plate 161 integral with the inner tube 16.
  • a central end hole 17 is inserted, and near the end remote from the tube sheet 161 end of the inner tube 16 gas passage holes 18 are provided in the tube wall.
  • the gas passage holes 18 are arranged on a circumferential line with preferably equidistant distance from each other, so that a circumferential ring of gas passage holes 18 results.
  • the outer tube 15 is supported on the inner ear 16 via a bottom ring 151, which is integral with it, and is covered by the latter at the front, so that an annular gap 19 is formed between outer tube 15 and inner tube 16.
  • the annular gap 19 communicates with the exhaust gas flow via gas passage holes 20 present in the bottom ring 151.
  • the Gas joserieslöoher 20 are preferably arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction.
  • a central protective tube 21 with tube jacket 211 and tube plate 212 is slipped, which is fastened in the sensor housing 12 such that it maintains a radial distance both to the end section 111 and to the inner tube 16.
  • the central protective tube 21 is widened conically at its end facing away from the tube plate 212 end 213 and is largely positively on the housing shoulder 121, where it is fixed axially immovable by the seal 13.
  • gas passage holes 22 are provided, which are arranged offset to the gas fürtrituholchen 18 in the inner tube 16 to the tube plate 212 out.
  • the arrangement is made so that - as in the inner ear 16 - the gas passage holes 22 are preferably arranged on a circumferential line equidistant and thus form a circumferential perforated ring.
  • the peg rings of inner ear 16 and central protection tube 21 are axially spaced from each other both the position of the gas passage holes 22 and their number, shape and size is varied depending on the technical conditions given by the exhaust gas.
  • the protective tube 21 is thin-walled in the sense that its wall thickness is smaller than the wall thickness of inner tube 16 or outer tube 15 of the double protection tube 14, but not larger.
  • This exhaust gas flow enters via a part of the gas passage holes 20 in the bottom ring 151 of the outer tube 15, flows through the annular gap 19 between the outer and inner tube 15, 16 to enter via the gas passage holes 18 in the inner tube 16 in the annular gap 24 between the inner tube 16 and the central protection tube 21 , In this annular gap 24, the exhaust gas flows in opposite directions to the flow direction in the annular gap 19 and enters via the gas passage holes 22 in the central protection tube 21 into the interior of the central protective tube 21 a.
  • the Gas telltritislöcher 18 in the inner tube 16 and the Gas thoroughly shuttritislöcher 20 in the bottom ring 151 of the outer tube 15 are designed so large that they can not be clogged by depositing particles such as soot.
  • the passing through these relatively large gas passage holes 18, 20 together with the exhaust gas particles are burned on the outer wall of the central protective tube 21, since the central protective tube 21 because of its proximity to the heated sensor element 11 and its thinness of the Heating the sensor element 11 is heated to a temperature at which burn these particles.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une sonde de mesure, en particulier un détecteur de gaz pour la détermination d'une propriété physique d'un gaz de mesure, en particulier, de la température ou de la concentration d'un composant gazeux, en particulier dans les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un élément détecteur (11) présentant une section d'extrémité, côté gaz, (111), émergeant de l'enveloppe du détecteur (12), et un double tube de protection entourant ladite section d'extrémité côté gaz (111), formé d'un tube extérieur (15) et d'un tube intérieur (16). En vue d'obtenir une protection améliorée de l'élément détecteur (11) vis-à-vis des chocs de température, ainsi qu'une réduction de la puissance de chauffage pour l'élément détecteur (11) et une dynamique suffisamment élevée de la sonde de mesure, l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au-dessus de la section d'extrémité, côté gaz (111) est embouti un tube de protection central, en forme de récipient (21), ledit tube étant muni d'une enveloppe (211) présentant des orifices de passage du gaz (22) qui sont disposés décalés, en direction du fond du tube (212), vis-à-vis des orifices de passage du gaz (18) prévus dans le tube intérieur (16).

Claims (10)

  1. Sonde de mesure, notamment capteur à gaz pour déterminer une propriété physique d'un gaz à mesurer, en particulier la température ou la concentration d'un composant gazeux, en particulier dans les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un élément de capteur (11) qui, avec une portion d'extrémité (111) côté gaz, exposée au gaz à mesurer, sort d'un boîtier de sonde (12), et un tube de protection double (14) entourant la portion d'extrémité (111) côté gaz, qui se compose d'un tube extérieur (15) et d'un tube intérieur (16) pourvu d'orifices de passage de gaz (18), qui est entouré par le tube extérieur (15) à distance radiale et qui dépasse au-delà de l'extrémité libre du tube extérieur (15), un tube de protection central (21) en forme de gobelet, avec une enveloppe de tube (211) et un fond de tube (212), étant emboîté par-dessus la portion d'extrémité (111) côté gaz de l'élément de capteur (11) et étant disposé à distance radiale de la portion d'extrémité (111) côté gaz et du tube intérieur (16), des orifices de passage de gaz (22) étant prévus dans l'enveloppe de tube (211), caractérisée en ce que les orifices de passage de gaz (18) du tube intérieur (16) et les orifices de passage de gaz (22) du tube de protection central (21) forment à chaque fois une couronne perforée périphérique, les orifices de passage de gaz (22) de l'enveloppe de tube (211) étant disposés de manière décalée vers le fond de tube (212) par rapport aux orifices de passage de gaz (18) prévus dans le tube intérieur (16).
  2. Sonde de mesure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la partie saillante du tube intérieur (16) du tube de protection double (14) se rétrécit sous forme conique.
  3. Sonde de mesure selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie saillante du tube intérieur (16) est terminée par un fond de tube (161) de préférence réalisé d'une seule pièce avec le tube intérieur (16), et en ce qu'au moins un orifice frontal (17) est réalisé dans le fond de tube (161).
  4. Sonde de mesure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le tube extérieur (15) s'appuie par le biais d'une bague de fond (151) réalisée de préférence d'une seule pièce avec le tube extérieur (15) à l'extérieur sur le tube intérieur (16) et en ce que la bague de fond (151) est pourvue d'orifices de passage de gaz (20) disposés de manière décalées les uns par rapport aux autres dans la direction périphérique.
  5. Sonde de mesure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les orifices de passage de gaz (18) dans le tube intérieur (16) du tube de protection double (14) et les orifices de passage de gaz (22) dans l'enveloppe de tube (211) du tube de protection central (21) sont répartis à chaque fois comme une couronne avec de préférence un espacement équidistant sur la périphérie du tube, et en ce que la couronne perforée dans le tube intérieur (16) et la couronne perforée dans le tube de protection central (21) sont espacées axialement l'une de l'autre.
  6. Sonde de mesure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le tube de protection central (21) est réalisé avec des parois minces.
  7. Sonde de mesure selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de paroi du tube de protection central (21) est inférieure à l'épaisseur de paroi du tube de protection double (14), mais est au maximum égale à cette épaisseur de paroi.
  8. Sonde de mesure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le tube de protection central (21) est fixé sur le boîtier de sonde (12), de préférence par engagement par correspondance géométrique.
  9. Sonde de mesure selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité (213) du tube de protection central (21) opposée au fond de tube (212) est élargie en forme de cône et repose sur un épaulement de boîtier (121) réalisé dans le boîtier de sonde (12).
  10. Sonde de mesure selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de capteur (11) est supporté contre la paroi intérieure du boîtier de sonde (12) par le biais d'un joint d'étanchéité (13) l'entourant sans jeu, et en ce que le tube de protection central (21) est fixé de manière immobile axialement avec son extrémité (213) élargie en forme de cône par le biais du joint d'étanchéité (13) sur l'épaulement de boîtier (121).
EP05742991A 2004-07-14 2005-05-10 Sonde de mesure a triple tube de protection Active EP1769238B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004033958A DE102004033958A1 (de) 2004-07-14 2004-07-14 Messfühler
PCT/EP2005/052103 WO2006005641A1 (fr) 2004-07-14 2005-05-10 Sonde de mesure a triple tube de protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1769238A1 EP1769238A1 (fr) 2007-04-04
EP1769238B1 true EP1769238B1 (fr) 2011-07-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05742991A Active EP1769238B1 (fr) 2004-07-14 2005-05-10 Sonde de mesure a triple tube de protection

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7810375B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1769238B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4571974B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1985163B (fr)
DE (1) DE102004033958A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2367117T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006005641A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1985163B (zh) 2011-11-23
US7810375B2 (en) 2010-10-12
DE102004033958A1 (de) 2006-02-09
JP2008506133A (ja) 2008-02-28
EP1769238A1 (fr) 2007-04-04
ES2367117T3 (es) 2011-10-28
CN1985163A (zh) 2007-06-20
JP4571974B2 (ja) 2010-10-27
US20070261473A1 (en) 2007-11-15
WO2006005641A1 (fr) 2006-01-19

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