EP1760401A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la formation de dépôts dans des chambres de combustion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la formation de dépôts dans des chambres de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1760401A2
EP1760401A2 EP06017618A EP06017618A EP1760401A2 EP 1760401 A2 EP1760401 A2 EP 1760401A2 EP 06017618 A EP06017618 A EP 06017618A EP 06017618 A EP06017618 A EP 06017618A EP 1760401 A2 EP1760401 A2 EP 1760401A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
combustion chamber
infrared
infrared camera
firebox
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06017618A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1760401A3 (fr
EP1760401B1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Dr. Koschack
Günter Hoven
Bernhard Sobotta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CMV Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
CMV Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CMV Systems GmbH and Co KG filed Critical CMV Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL06017618T priority Critical patent/PL1760401T3/pl
Publication of EP1760401A2 publication Critical patent/EP1760401A2/fr
Publication of EP1760401A3 publication Critical patent/EP1760401A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1760401B1 publication Critical patent/EP1760401B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring the formation of deposits by deposits of solid particles from a hot, dust-laden flue gas on the flowed through by a cooling medium, made of tightly welded together pipes walls of a rectangular combustion chamber of a boiler with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a Apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the batches are cleaned by means of high pressure water jets from water or water lance blowers.
  • the aim is to clean off the approaches as completely as possible and to avoid the other, to hit clean Walker vom Kunststoff Kunststoffe with the water jet.
  • the latter leads to unnecessary material loading of the pipe walls of the heating surfaces due to thermal shock and consequent boiler damage.
  • the aim is to clean as often as necessary to avoid power losses through the cleaning process.
  • the reduction of the heat transfer of the heating surface is diagnosed and triggered the cleaning process.
  • the heating surfaces arranged in the firebox largely belong to the evaporator, which can only be thermally diagnosed as a whole. Thus, the cleaning of the entire evaporator heating surface is always triggered without sparing clean areas.
  • the heat flow from the flue gas to the working medium is measured selectively, and the heating surfaces are cleaned section by section on the basis of the measured values. This makes it possible to clean dirty areas and to spare clean areas.
  • the installation and maintenance of the heat flow probes are very expensive. Therefore, only a few measuring points are installed, so that each measuring point is assigned several hundred square meters of heating surface. It is thus not ensured that the punctual measurement is representative of the associated Edelocc Anlagen, ie, the vast majority of the area may, for. For example, be clean while the spot meter indicates contamination.
  • infrared camera systems for assessing the degree of contamination of heating surfaces and to determine the geometric dimensions of the approaches by computer-aided evaluation of the infrared images ( DE 195 47 269 A1 ).
  • the approaches are removed by a shock generator.
  • the infrared cameras are arranged in hatches and inspection flaps of the combustion chamber downstream and contacting heating surfaces receiving flue gas.
  • About the education of the infrared cameras and the evaluation of the measurement results is in the DE 195 47 269 A1 nothing else executed.
  • an infrared image of the walls of the furnace of a boiler using an infrared camera is recorded.
  • the infrared camera used works in the near infrared range at a wavelength of 1.5 to 2.1 ⁇ m.
  • the known method can only be used for ash approaches with a high degree of reflection.
  • the method also requires a non-cleanable reference area on the furnace wall. The intensity ratio between the area to be cleaned and the reference area is the measure of the contamination of the area to be cleaned. A complete cleaning of the entire wall is not possible.
  • the invention has for its object to make the monitoring of the formation of approaches on the walls of fire chambers with the help of infrared cameras easier and universally applicable.
  • the heating surface soiling Due to their heat-insulating effect, the heating surface soiling has a higher surface temperature than unpolluted heating surfaces and must therefore be clearly localized in a thermal image and qualitatively evaluated in terms of their thickness.
  • the firebox atmosphere which is clouded by solid particles and primarily contains infrared radiation-absorbing constituents such as H 2 O and CO 2 , has its maximum possible transparency, which makes it possible to open the firebox walls detect.
  • the combustion chamber of a power plant boiler fired with pulverized coal is delimited by walls 1 in which burner openings 2 for receiving burners and openings 3 for the exit of the secondary air are recessed.
  • the walls 1 of the firebox are constructed of tubes which are welded together gas-tight by webs.
  • the furnace has a rectangular cross-section and ends in a funnel 4 with an outlet slot 5 for the removal of ash. At the upper end of the furnace is in a flue, not shown on.
  • the tubes of the walls 1 of the firebox are connected as evaporators and flows through water and steam as working or cooling medium.
  • Part of the solid particles remaining during combustion of the pulverized coal is carried along by the flue gas rising in the combustion chamber.
  • more or less large areas of lugs 6 form on the inside of the walls 1 by deposition of solid particles from the flue gas. Since such approaches 6 heat-insulating effect and affect the heat transfer from the flue gas to the flowing in the tubes of the walls 1 cooling medium, the walls 1 are cleaned by means of water or water lances blowers or other cleaning systems and thereby freed from the lugs 6.
  • the infrared camera system described below is used.
  • an infrared camera 7 In two adjacent, so at right angles to each other arranged walls 1 of the rectangular firebox ever an infrared camera 7 is installed.
  • the two infrared cameras 7 are combined to form an assembly.
  • the infrared cameras 7 operate in the mid-infrared range with a wavelength of 3 to 5 microns.
  • a wavelength of 3.9 microns is selected, because for the infrared radiation with this wavelength, the optimum transparency in the furnace atmosphere is achieved.
  • Infrared cameras suitable for use in fire chambers are made of EP 1 347 325 A1 known. They consist of a lens body 8, a reversing system and projecting into the interior of the firebox lens head 9. The lens head 9 is provided with an oblique view 10.
  • the objective head 9 and the reversing system each contain a lens system which can have different image angles (wide-angle or normal objective) depending on the place of use and intended use. As indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed lines, the angle of inclination of the oblique view 10 and / or the angle of view of the lens system are chosen so that the infrared camera 7 can detect the entire width of a wall 1. Depending on the size of the wall 1, several infrared cameras 7 can be installed above or next to one another in a wall 1.
  • Each infrared camera 7 is rotatable about its longitudinal axis 11 by 360 °. When the two infrared cameras 7 connected to an assembly are rotated, two opposing walls 1 and therefore the entire inner surfaces of the combustion chamber can be completely detected. The two infrared cameras 7 thus form a composite thermal image of all the walls 1 of the firebox.
  • the described infrared camera system works in the following way.
  • the infrared cameras 7 are gradually controlled via a connected commercial, not shown central unit and rotated defined. In each position, an infrared film is stored in the connected commercially available, not shown, central unit over a certain period of time.
  • the openings 3 for the exit of the secondary air do not pollute the openings 3 and have a known constant temperature. It will be the apparent temperature at the Openings 3 for the exit of the secondary air measured in the thermal image. From the known actual temperature and the temperature measured in the thermal image, the size of the radiation influence of the solid particles contained in the flue gas is determined on the basis of a usual mathematical-physical radiation model of solid particles in the flue gas from the central unit, not shown. On the basis of the mathematical-physical radiation model and the determined parameters, the radiation influence of the solid particles contained in the flue gas is determined for each pixel and eliminated via the central unit, not shown.
  • the thermal image obtained is geometrically equalized in the central unit and combined in the coordinate system XY (FIG. 2) in a coordinate-accurate manner to form a jacket of the walls 1 of the firebox.
  • the composite thermal image of the Mantelabwicklung is then largely free from the influence of radiation of the solid particles in the flue gas.
  • the measured at any point of the inner shell of the wall 1 of the furnace surface temperature is used at a predetermined heat flux density, temperature of flowing in the tubes of the walls 1 of the furnace cooling medium, wall thickness of the pipes and thermal conductivity of the pipe material based on known physical laws to the cooling medium to determine transferred heat flow using the central unit, not shown.
  • the thus determined transferred heat flow is set in relation to the heat flow that would be transferred from the wall 6 free of lugs 6 at the same time to the cooling medium.
  • the relative to each other set heat flows form the so-called Schuvidtechnischmaschine, which is between zero and one. With the determined Walker vomwertmaschineen the central unit, not shown, allows a cleaning system to clear the lugs 6 on the walls 1 accurately and with an adapted to the strength of the approaches intensity.
  • the heat flux density is measured with a known mobile measuring probe at several points of the combustion chamber wall during the commissioning of the infrared camera system. There is an interpolation between the measuring points.
  • the determined distribution of Wärznestrom ashamed on the wall 1 of the furnace is stored for each operating state in the evaluation of the central unit, not shown.
  • data from the process control system of the boiler is electronically transferred to the evaluation computer.
  • the identification of the current operating state takes place.
  • the distribution of the heat flow density over the walls 1 of the firebox deposited for the current operating state is used for the determination of the heating surface valences.
  • the wall 1 of the firebox are small areas that are not formed by cooling medium flowed pipes, but by uncooled masonry.
  • the heat flow passing through the wall 1 of the combustion chamber in the small areas is negligibly small. From when operating the infrared camera system of such Positionally known range by means of infrared camera measured surface temperature can thus be determined on the basis of known physical laws that impinge on this area heat flux density. Interpolation takes place between the small-area uncooled regions serving as measuring points, so that the distribution of the heat flux density across the wall 1 of the firebox is determined directly from the thermal image of the jacket development and used for the determination of the heating surface valences.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP06017618A 2005-08-29 2006-08-24 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la formation de dépôts dans des chambres de combustion Not-in-force EP1760401B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06017618T PL1760401T3 (pl) 2005-08-29 2006-08-24 Sposób i urządzenie do kontroli osadów w komorach paleniskowych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005041004A DE102005041004A1 (de) 2005-08-29 2005-08-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Bildung von Ansätzen in Feuerräumen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1760401A2 true EP1760401A2 (fr) 2007-03-07
EP1760401A3 EP1760401A3 (fr) 2009-03-04
EP1760401B1 EP1760401B1 (fr) 2011-08-03

Family

ID=37453042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06017618A Not-in-force EP1760401B1 (fr) 2005-08-29 2006-08-24 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la formation de dépôts dans des chambres de combustion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7607825B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1760401B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20070026066A (fr)
AT (1) ATE519075T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005041004A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2369276T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1760401T3 (fr)

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FI118743B (fi) * 2004-11-04 2008-02-29 Andritz Oy Hiillospedin ohjaus talteenottokattilassa
US9939395B2 (en) * 2007-05-18 2018-04-10 Environmental Energy Services, Inc. Method for measuring ash/slag deposition in a utility boiler
PL2669651T3 (pl) * 2007-06-13 2021-10-25 Oy Halton Group, Ltd. Detektor zanieczyszczeń do wykrywania zanieczyszczeń tłuszczem w przewodzie
US8147130B2 (en) * 2008-04-18 2012-04-03 General Electric Company Heat flux measurement device for estimating fouling thickness
JP5804255B2 (ja) * 2011-07-13 2015-11-04 東京電力株式会社 透過部材
FI124057B (fi) * 2012-12-05 2014-02-28 Metso Power Oy Järjestely termisessä prosessissa ja menetelmä likakerroksen paksuuden mittaamiseksi
CN103217221B (zh) * 2013-03-22 2015-03-11 北京航空航天大学 一种基于图像拼接的空冷凝汽器散热面温度场测量方法
US10060688B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2018-08-28 Integrated Test & Measurement (ITM) System and methods for detecting, monitoring, and removing deposits on boiler heat exchanger surfaces using vibrational analysis
US9927231B2 (en) * 2014-07-25 2018-03-27 Integrated Test & Measurement (ITM), LLC System and methods for detecting, monitoring, and removing deposits on boiler heat exchanger surfaces using vibrational analysis
WO2016097723A1 (fr) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-23 Isis Innovation Limited Détection de composition d'échantillon sur la base de propriétés thermiques
CN105927996B (zh) * 2016-05-24 2018-11-20 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 基于图像三维重建的智能吹灰方法及系统
DE102016214854B4 (de) 2016-08-10 2020-02-13 Technische Universität Dresden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Charakterisierung von Ablagerungen
US20210108917A1 (en) * 2018-04-17 2021-04-15 National University Corporation Tokyo University Of Marine Science And Technology Scale thickness estimation system, scale thickness estimation method, and scale thickness estimation program
CN109028562B (zh) * 2018-07-03 2021-06-11 朱国琴 一种带火焰探测功能的燃油锅炉
FI3708910T3 (fi) * 2019-03-13 2023-05-04 Alfa Laval Corp Ab Kattila
US11650173B2 (en) * 2019-11-01 2023-05-16 Caterpillar Inc. Grading a piston with deposits using thermal scan data
US11386530B2 (en) * 2020-02-26 2022-07-12 Flir Systems Ab Digital filter for turbulence reduction and gas detection in thermal images
JP7401874B2 (ja) * 2020-03-31 2023-12-20 横河電機株式会社 推定システム、推定装置及び推定方法
KR102415318B1 (ko) * 2021-06-30 2022-06-30 삼회산업 (주) 보일러 내부고온에서 튜브의 크링거를 각도를 가진 렌즈튜브로 영상을 볼 수 있는 앵글 뷰 렌즈 튜브
CN113357657A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-07 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 一种锅炉受热面吹灰控制系统及控制方法
CN114018982B (zh) * 2021-10-14 2023-11-07 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种空预器积灰可视化监测方法
CN115452646B (zh) * 2022-08-24 2023-05-30 淮南矿业（集团）有限责任公司顾桥煤矿 一种煤炭灰分快速检测装置及方法

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DE4139718A1 (de) 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Babcock & Wilcox Co Monitor zur ueberwachung der reinheit einer feuerung in bezug auf asche mit einem hohen reflexionsgrad
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DE4139718A1 (de) 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Babcock & Wilcox Co Monitor zur ueberwachung der reinheit einer feuerung in bezug auf asche mit einem hohen reflexionsgrad
DE19547269A1 (de) 1995-12-19 1997-06-26 Dynamit Nobel Ag Verfahren zum Schlacke-/Ascheabreinigen von insbesondere Kesselanlagen oder Brennrosten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1760401T3 (pl) 2011-12-30
ATE519075T1 (de) 2011-08-15
DE102005041004A1 (de) 2007-03-01
KR20070026066A (ko) 2007-03-08
EP1760401A3 (fr) 2009-03-04
US7607825B2 (en) 2009-10-27
US20080298426A1 (en) 2008-12-04
ES2369276T3 (es) 2011-11-29
EP1760401B1 (fr) 2011-08-03

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