EP1753707A1 - Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel sous forme oxydee - Google Patents
Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel sous forme oxydeeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1753707A1 EP1753707A1 EP05759985A EP05759985A EP1753707A1 EP 1753707 A1 EP1753707 A1 EP 1753707A1 EP 05759985 A EP05759985 A EP 05759985A EP 05759985 A EP05759985 A EP 05759985A EP 1753707 A1 EP1753707 A1 EP 1753707A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- group
- groups
- formula
- represent
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 metalloid cation Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical group CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SEZSRPYCOMAEDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diphenylphosphoryl-1-(2-diphenylphosphorylnaphthalen-1-yl)naphthalene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C(=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SEZSRPYCOMAEDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N binap Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UHUUYVZLXJHWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(methylsilyloxy)silane Chemical group C[SiH2]O[Si](C)(C)C UHUUYVZLXJHWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen trioxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N=O LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-propan-2-yl azepane-1-carbothioate Chemical compound CC(C)SC(=O)N1CCCCCC1 LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VCQWRGCXUWPSGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F VCQWRGCXUWPSGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- LPXDKRZWFWKMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;iron Chemical compound [Al+3].[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] LPXDKRZWFWKMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- UQBKQFMSHMLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;zinc Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Zn+2] UQBKQFMSHMLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 5
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001843 polymethylhydrosiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N xantphos Chemical compound C=12OC3=C(P(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC=C3C(C)(C)C2=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N (9E)-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSKONYYRONEBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Dodecanone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(C)=O LSKONYYRONEBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)=O ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SXVPOSFURRDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclododecanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCC1 SXVPOSFURRDKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMDCZENCAXMSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethylacetamide Chemical compound CCNC(C)=O PMDCZENCAXMSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYBCSQFBSWACAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonan-4-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)CCC TYBCSQFBSWACAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical class [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXUCOTSGWGNWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCC[CH2-] OXUCOTSGWGNWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001979 organolithium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002734 organomagnesium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DQGSJTVMODPFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacyclotridecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCO1 DQGSJTVMODPFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-OUKQBFOZSA-N petroselaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IKNCGYCHMGNBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate Chemical compound CCC[O-] IKNCGYCHMGNBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N retinal group Chemical group C\C(=C/C=O)\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C)/C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=O SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Ti](Br)(Br)Br UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- NLPMQGKZYAYAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ti](F)F NLPMQGKZYAYAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzylphosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CP(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl borate Chemical compound CCCCOB(OCCCC)OCCCC LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006168 tricyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004953 trihalomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005199 trimethylbenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JLPJTCGUKOBWRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripentyl borate Chemical compound CCCCCOB(OCCCCC)OCCCCC JLPJTCGUKOBWRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAGQYUCAQQEEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylpropyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC(C)CP(CC(C)C)CC(C)C DAGQYUCAQQEEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXAZIUYTQHYBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 WXAZIUYTQHYBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KVSXXOUZYJZCPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;4-cyclohexylbutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CCCC1CCCCC1.[O-]C(=O)CCCC1CCCCC1 KVSXXOUZYJZCPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/505—Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation
- C07F9/509—Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation by reduction of pentavalent phosphorus derivatives, e.g. -P=X with X = O, S, Se or -P-Hal2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/30—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds
- C07C209/32—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups
- C07C209/36—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings in presence of hydrogen-containing gases and a catalyst
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new process for the reduction of a functional group in oxidized form.
- the invention applies more particularly to the reduction of aldehyde, ketone, ester, lactone, nitrile, phosphine oxide groups.
- the reduction of a functional group is a very important reaction in the field of Organic Chemistry.
- Aluminum and lithium hydride is often recommended and in particular by Kawakami, Y. et al (Synt. Commun, 1983, 13, 427-434).
- Kawakami, Y. et al Synt. Commun, 1983, 13, 427-434.
- this reagent is not easy to handle because it is dangerous.
- the disadvantage of the process described is also to use hydride type reducers: lithium hydride, sodium, potassium hydride, boron hydride, metallic borohydride, aluminum hydride or organomagnesium or organolithium which are not easily handled because highly reactive and dangerous.
- the objective of the present invention is to provide a method which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.
- a process for the reduction of an oxidized functional group present in a substrate, to a lower degree of oxidation characterized in that it comprises the placing the substrate in the presence of a siloxane type compound corresponding to the following formula (I) associated with an effective amount of a Lewis acid type catalyst.
- - Ri, R 2 identical or different, represent an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl group, - x is a number ranging from 0 to 50.
- alkyl means a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl.
- cycloalkyl is meant a cyclic, monocyclic hydrocarbon group comprising 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group.
- aryl is meant an aromatic mono- or polycyclic group, preferably mono- or bicydic comprising from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably phenyl.
- siloxane type compounds which are used in the process of the invention correspond to formula (I) in which R 1 and R 2 are identical and more particularly represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Ri and R 2 preferably represent a methyl group.
- x it is preferably between 0 and 10 and even more preferably equal to 0 or 1.
- the compounds of formula (I) the one which is preferred is the following: CH "3, C” H '3, H— Si O Si —H CH ", 3 C ⁇ H-' 3, known by the abbreviation T DS, tetramethyldisiloxane.
- the reduction of various functional groups is carried out and very particularly the following: - functional groups comprising a carbonyl group such as: aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, amide; - functional groups comprising a nitrogen atom such as nitrile, imine, nitro, nitrogen oxide; - functional groups comprising a sulfur atom such as sulfoxide, sulfone; - functional groups comprising a phosphorus atom such as a phosphine oxide or sulfide.
- - Ri to Rs represent a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- - R 3 , R and R5 also represent a hydrogen atom
- - at most one of the groups R 6 , R 7 and Rs represent a hydrogen atom
- - Ri and R 2 , R-, and R 5 , R 6 and R 7, R ⁇ and R 8 , R 6 and R 8 can be linked together to form a ring.
- the substrate can be mono- or polyfunctional (most often bifunctional).
- the same function may be present several times (for example, diketone, diphosphine in the form of dioxide or disulfide) or functions of different nature (for example nitrile and phosphine oxide function).
- R t and R2 represent a hydrocarbon group of any kind.
- Ri and R 2 represent a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched acyclic aliphatic group; a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic group, carrying a cyclic substituent.
- Ri and R 2 preferably represent a linear or branched acyclic aliphatic group preferably having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, saturated
- the invention does not exclude the presence of another unsaturation on the hydrocarbon chain such as one or more double bonds which can be conjugated or not or else a triple bond.
- the hydrocarbon chain can be optionally interrupted by a heteroatom (for example, oxygen or sulfur) or by a functional group insofar as the latter does not react and mention may in particular be made of a group such as in particular ether or alcohol .
- the hydrocarbon chain may optionally carry one or more substituents insofar as they do not react under the reaction conditions and there may be mentioned in particular a halogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group.
- the acyclic, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic group may optionally carry a cyclic substituent.
- cycle is meant a carbocyclic or heterocyclic, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic cycle.
- the acyclic aliphatic group can be linked to the ring by a valential bond, a heteroatom or a functional group such as oxy, carbonyl, carboxy, sulfonyl, etc.
- cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic substituents can be considered, in particular cycloaliphatics comprising 6 carbon atoms in the ring or benzene, these cyclic substituents themselves being optionally carriers of any substituent insofar as they do not interfere with the reactions involved in the process of the invention. Mention may in particular be made of alkyl or alkoxy groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Among the linear or branched aliphatic groups, particular mention is made of alkyl groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Ri and R 2 can represent a carbocyclic, monocyclic group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the ring can vary widely from 3 to 8 carbon atoms but it is preferably equal to 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
- the carbocycle can be saturated or comprising 1 or 2 unsaturations in the cycle, preferably from 1 to 2 double bonds.
- groups R 1 and R 2 mention may be made of cyclohexyl or cyclohexene-yl groups.
- Ri and R 2 can also represent, independently of one another, a polycyclic hydrocarbon group consisting of at least 2 saturated and / or unsaturated carbocycles or by at least 2 carbocycles, only one of which is aromatic and forms between them ortho- or ortho- and pericondensed systems.
- the cycles are in C 3 to Ce, preferably in C e .
- R 1 and R 2 may represent an aromatic carbocyclic group, having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably a phenyl group.
- Ri and R 2 can also represent a polycyclic aromatic carbocyclic group; the cycles being able to form between them systems ortho-condensed, ortho- and peri-condensed. Mention may more particularly be made of a naphthalene group.
- Ri and R represent a carbocyclic, monocyclic, saturated or unsaturated group, it is possible that one or more of the carbon atoms of the ring are replaced by a heteroatom, preferably oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur or by a functional group, preferably carbonyl or ester, thus leading to a heterocyclic, monocyclic compound.
- the number of atoms in the ring can vary widely from 3 to 8 but it is preferably equal to 5 or 6 atoms.
- Ri and R 2 can also represent a polycyclic aromatic heterocyclic group defined as being either a group consisting of at least 2 aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycles containing at least one heteroatom in each cycle and forming between them ortho- or ortho- and pericondensed systems or either a group consisting of at least one aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring and at least one aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycle forming between them ortho- or ortho- and pericondensed systems.
- groups R 1 and R 2 of heterocyclic type there may be mentioned, inter alia, the furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, furazannyl, isothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrannyl and quinolyl, napthyridinyl, benzopyrannyl, benzofurannyl groups.
- the groups Ri and R 2 comprise any cycle, it is possible that this cycle carries a substituent. The nature of the substituent is arbitrary insofar as it does not interfere with the desired product.
- the substituents most often carried by the ring are one or more alkyl or aikoxy groups preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably methyl or methoxy, an alkenyl group, preferably an isopropene-yl group, an atom of halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, a trihalomethyl group, preferably trifluoromethyl and functional groups more particularly nitrile or ester (preferably lower C 1 -C 4 alkyl).
- Ri and R 2 preferably represent a phenyl group optionally carrying an alkyl or aikoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a trifluoromethyl group.
- Ri and R 2 may be linked by a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain so as to constitute a carbocycle or a heterocycle having from 3 to 20 atoms, saturated, unsaturated, monocyclic or polycyclic comprising two or three rings: the adjacent rings may be of a nature aromatic.
- the number of atoms in each cycle preferably varies between 3 and 6.
- R 1 and R 2 can form an alkylene or alkenylene chain having from 4 to 6 atoms and preferably 5 carbon atoms.
- a cyclic ketone corresponding to formula (II) is obtained, a lactone for formula (III) and a lactam for formula (IV).
- formulas (IX) and (X) that the sulfoxide and sulfone group are also included in a cycle.
- R ⁇ R7, Rs it is more particularly an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl group. Examples of substrates capable of being reduced are given below.
- aldehyde type substrates and illustrated by formula (I), mention may be made of saturated aldehydes such as butanal, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, decanal, dodecanal; unsaturated aldehydes such as acrolein, methacrolein, crotonaldehyde, prenal, citral, retinal, campholenic aldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, formylpinane and nopal; aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, salicylic aldehyde, vanillin, veratraldehyde.
- saturated aldehydes such as butanal, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, decanal, dodecanal
- unsaturated aldehydes such as acrolein
- ketones corresponding to formula (11) mention may in particular be made of hexan-2-one, octan-2-one, nonan-4-one, dodecan-2-one, methylvinyl ketone, l mesityl oxide, acetophenone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, cyclododecanone, cyclohex-1-en-3- one, isophorone, oxyphorone, carvone and camphor.
- substrates illustrating formula (III) mention may be made of acids and their ester derivatives (alkyl, preferably methyl or aryl) of the following acids: acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, lactic, tartaric, benzoic acid , salicylic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, veratric, acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, hexenoic, fumaric, citraconic, cinnamic.
- acids and their ester derivatives alkyl, preferably methyl or aryl of the following acids: acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, lactic, tartaric, benzoic acid , salicylic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, veratric, acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, hexenoic, fumaric, citraconic, cinnamic.
- saturated fatty acids such as lauric, myristic, palimitic, stearic and sebacic acid; unsaturated fatty acids and more particularly unsaturated fatty acids having a single double bond such as linderic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselenic acid, doeglic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid; unsaturated fatty acids having two double bonds such as linoleic acid; unsaturated fatty acids having 3 double bonds such as linolenic acid; unsaturated fatty acids having more than 4 double bonds such as isanic acid, stearodonic acid, arachidonic acid, chypanodonic acid; the unsaturated fatty acids carrying a hydroxyl group such as ricinoleic acid and their mixtures
- the amides of formula (IV) there may be mentioned in particular N-alkyl- or N-benzylcarboxamides such as in particular N-
- the lactones used as starting substrates are more particularly the lactones having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, in the cycle, preferably, ⁇ -valerolactone or 4-methylbutyrolactone, ⁇ - valerolactone or 2-methylbutyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ - valerolactone, 3-ethylpropiolactone, 2-ethylpropiolactone, 2,3-dimethyllactone, caprolactone, 12-dodecanelactone.
- lactams As lactams, mention may be made of lactams having 3 to 12 atoms in the ring and more particularly caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, 11- undecalactam and 12 -dodécanelactame.
- substrates corresponding to formula (V) mention may especially be made of alphatic or aromatic nitriles, preferably acetonitrile, propionitrile, butanenitrile, isobutanenitrile, pentanenitrile, 2-methylglutaronitriy, adiponitrile, benzonitrile, tolunitrile, malonitrile, 1, 4-benzonitrile.
- the process of the invention is entirely suitable for effecting the reduction of phosphine oxides or diph ⁇ sphine oxides: whether the phosphines are chiral or not.
- Examples of phosphine oxides which can be reduced according to the invention are given below, examples which are not limiting insofar as the process of the invention applies to any substrate comprising the group
- the groups R 6 , R7, Rs, R9 identical or different, represent:. an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms,. a cycloalkyl group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms,. a cycloalkyl group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, substituted by one or more alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, aikoxy having 1 or 4 carbon atoms,. a phenylalkyl group of which the aliphatic part contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,. a phenyl group,.
- a phenyl group substituted by one or more alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aikoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, one or more halogen atoms, a trifluoromethyl group or by a solubilizing group the group R 10 represents :. a valential bond or a divalent, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,. an aromatic group of formula:
- + Z represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a trifluoromethyl group, * X an oxygen, sulfur atom or a linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, * if r is equal to 1, X 'represents a valential bond, an oxygen, sulfur or silicon atom or a linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, "if r is equal to 0, the two rings are not linked, carbon atoms, It is also possible that at least one of the three hydrocarbon groups linked to phosphorus carries a solubilizing group S which may be one or more hydroxyl groups and or anionic functional groups, in particular SO 2 W, SO3W or COOW in which W represents a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal, preferably sodium, a phosphonate group or an ammonium group N + R3 or phosphonium P + 3 in which R groups represent most often an alkyl group
- phosphine oxides derived from the following phosphines: tricyclohexylphosphine, trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tri- ⁇ -butylphosphine, triisobutylphosphine, tri-terf- butylphosphine, tribenzylphosphine, dicyclohexylphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, dimethylphenylphosphine, diethylphenylphosphine, d ⁇ -tert- butylphenylphosphine, tri (p-tolyl) phosphine, isopropyldiphenylphenophosphine triphenylphosphine) tolyl) phosphine, bis-diphenylphosphinomethane, bis-diphenylphosphinoethane, bis-
- phosphine oxides capable of being reduced are those which correspond to the formula (Xlb) and which are partly described in WO-A 00/52081:
- Xlb in which: - An, Ar 2 independently represent a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group; a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocycle; - Ru, R 1 2 independently represent a hydrogen atom; a group Z; or a group -XZ where X represents O, S or -NT; and - Z and T are independently chosen from a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group optionally interrupted by O, S and / or N; a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocyclic group; or a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group substituted by one or more saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocyclic groups, in which the aliphatic group is optionally interrupted by O, S and or N; it being understood that T can also represent a hydrogen atom; or - Two groups Ru and R 12 attached to the same phenyl ring together form an unsaturated or aromatic carbocycle, or else together form an unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle.
- saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group means a linear or branched group, saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted, of C1-C25, preferably C 1 -C-12 and by “carbocyclic group”, an optionally substituted monocyclic or polycyclic group, preferably of C 3 -C 50 and more preferentially of
- carbocyclic group comprises more than one cyclic nucleus (in the case of polycyclic carbocycles)
- the cyclic nuclei can be condensed (o- or pericondensed) two by two or linked two by two by ⁇ bonds.
- the carbocyclic group can comprise a saturated part and / or an aromatic part and / or an unsaturated part.
- saturated carbocyclic groups are cycloalkyl groups.
- the cycloalkyl groups are C 3 -C 8, better still C 3 ⁇ C ⁇ o. Mention may in particular be made of the cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl or norbornyl groups.
- the unsaturated carbocycle or any unsaturated part has one or more ethylenic unsaturations. It preferably has from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, better still from 6 to 20, for example from 6 to 18.
- unsaturated carbocycles are the cycloalkenyl groups in Examples of aromatic carbocyclic groups are the groups
- aliphatic hydrocarbon group is meant a linear or branched, saturated, optionally substituted, C1-C25 group, preferably C C ⁇ 2 and even more preferably Ci-Ce.
- the substituents of the carbocyclic groups (St1) can be saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups optionally interrupted by O, S and / or N or groups -XZ in which X and Z are as defined above.
- the substituents of the aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (St2) are saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic groups, themselves optionally substituted by one or more of the substituents (St1) defined above.
- Ari and Ar 2 independently represent (C 3 - Cs) cycloalkyl or (C 6 -C ⁇ 8 ) aryl, optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkyl and or (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkoxy; and Ru and R 12 independently represent a hydrogen atom; (C 3 -C 8 ) cycloalkyl; (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkyl; (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkoxy or (C 6 - C 18 ) aryl, the cycloalkyl and aryl groups being optionally substituted by (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkyl and / or (CC 6 ) alkoxy.
- the latter When Ru and R- ⁇ 2 together form an unsaturated carbocycle or heterocycle, the latter preferably has a single unsaturation which is that shared with the phenyl nucleus carrying the Ru and R ⁇ 2 groups .
- the aromatic carbocycles which together form Ru and R 12 are preferably as defined above.
- the unsaturated carbocycles which together form Ru and R 12 are mono- or polycyclic, the definition of these terms being as proposed above. These carbocycles preferably comprise from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, better still from 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples are in particular C 6 -C 10 cycloalkenyl.
- heterocycle is meant according to the invention mono- or polycyclic groups, and in particular mono-, bi- or tricyclic groups comprising one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, S and / or N, preferably 1 to 4 heteroatoms.
- the heterocycle is polycyclic, it can consist of several condensed unicycles two by two (orthocondensed or pericondensed) and / or several monocycles attached two by two by ⁇ bonds.
- the unicycles or the unicycle constituting the heterocycle has from 5 to 12 links, better still from 5 to 10 links, for example from 5 to 6 links.
- heterocycle When Ru and R 12 form a heterocycle, the latter comprises an unsaturated part and / or an aromatic part, it being understood that the unsaturated part preferably comprises a single double bond.
- Particularly preferred heterocycies are in particular pyridine, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, benzofuran and benzothiophene.
- the phosphine oxides preferably used correspond to the formula (Xlb) in which: - Ar i , Ar 2 independently represent a (C 1 -C 6 ) alkyl group, preferably a t-butyl group; a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic monocyclic carbocycle optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkyl or (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkoxy groups and having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; - Ru and R 12 are independently chosen from a hydrogen atom, a (dC 6 ) alkyl group or a (CrC 6 ) alkoxy group; or - R 11 and R 12 together with the carbon atoms which carry them (i) a monocyclic or polycyclic, unsaturated or aromatic carbocycle having from 5 to 13 carbon atoms, or (ii) a monocyclic or polycyclic, unsaturated heterocycle or aromatic have from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and one or more heteroatoms chosen from O,
- An and Ar 2 are identical and represent a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ ⁇ C 6 ) alkyl or (CrC 6 ) alkoxy; or a (C 4 -C 8 ) cycloalkyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups (CrC ⁇ ) alkyl.
- An and Ar 2 are identical and represent cyclohexyl, phenyl or tolyl.
- R- ⁇ and R 12 are independently chosen from a hydrogen atom, (Cr C 6 ) alkyl or (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkoxy or Ru and R ⁇ 2 together the with the carbon atoms which carry them a cyclohexenyl, with a single unsaturation optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkyl or (CrC 6 ) alkoxy; or phenyl optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -Ce) alkyl or (Ci- CeJalcoxy.
- a first group of preferred compounds consists of the compounds of formula (Xlb) for which Ru and R ⁇ 2 are a hydrogen atom, a group (C
- a second group of preferred compounds consists of the compounds of formula (Xlb) for which Ru and R 2 together form (C 3 -Cn) cycloalkenyl optionally substituted, (C 6 -C ⁇ o) aryl optionally substituted or (C - C 8 ) heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 endocyclic heteroatoms, said heteroaryl being optionally substituted.
- Ru and R ⁇ 2 together represent an optionally substituted phenyl group or a cycloalkenyl group.
- the oxides of diphosphine whose naphthyl groups are substituted in position 4,4 'or 5,5' or 6,6 'by atoms or functional groups and which can be represented by the following formula:
- R 13 , R 14 identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
- An and Ar 2 independently represent an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl group, - X 1 ( X 2 , identical or different , represent:. an R, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl group,. an alkyl group substituted by one or more halogen atoms, preferably fluorine or by nitro or amino groups,. an atom d halogen selected from bromine, chlorine or iodine. -OH,. -OR a,.
- R a represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, phenyl group and R b has the meaning given for R a and also represents a naphthyl group and M represents a metal cation, preferably alkaline, in particular sodium.
- alkyl means a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain in C 1 and preferably in C-MO.
- alkyl groups are in particular methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl.
- alkenyl is meant a hydrocarbon group, linear or branched in
- alkynyl is meant a hydrocarbon group, linear or branched at C 2 - 15 , comprising one or more triple bonds, preferably 1 triple bond.
- cycloalkyl is meant a cyclic, monocyclic C 3 - 8 hydrocarbon group, preferably a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl or polycyclic (bi- or tricyclic) C 4 - 18 group , in particular adamantyl or norbornyl.
- aryl is meant a mono- or polycyclic aromatic group, preferably mono- or bicydic in C6 -2 o, preferably phenyl or naphthyl.
- the group is polycyclic, that is to say that it comprises more than one cyclic nucleus, the cyclic nuclei can be condensed two by two or attached two by two by ⁇ bonds.
- Examples of (C 6 -C ⁇ s) aryl groups are in particular phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl and phenanthryl.
- arylalkyl means a hydrocarbon group, linear or branched carrying a monocyclic aromatic ring in C 7- ⁇ 2 , preferably benzyl.
- the different groups ⁇ and X2 are advantageously in the 6.6 'or 5.5' or 4.4 'position.
- substrates mention may be made of the oxides corresponding to the diphosphines substituted in position 6 and 6 ′ and which are described in patents WO-A 00/49028 and WO-A 01/74828.
- diphosphines substituted in position 5 and 5 ' reference may be made to those corresponding to the diphosphines described in applications FR-03/04392 and FR-02/16086
- oxides of diphosphines substituted in position 4 and 4' reference may be made to those corresponding to the diphosphines described in applications FR-03/04391 and FR-02/16087.
- the process is particularly applicable to diphosphine oxides which have one or two nitrile groups because there is both a reduction of the nitrile groups and of the diphosphine oxide function. Examples of said diphosphine oxides are given.
- the invention is particularly applicable to BINAP, namely 2,2'-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1, 1'-binaphthyle and its derivatives substituted in position 6 and 6 ', 5 and 5' or 4 and 4 ' .
- the method of the invention is also suitable for diphosphine oxides corresponding to the following formula: Ri5R ⁇ 6 OP-A-POR 15 Ri6 (Xld) in which: - A represents a saturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group; a divalent saturated or aromatic carbocyclic group; or a saturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group interrupted by a saturated or aromatic divalent carbocyclic group; - R 15 and Ri 6 are different and represent a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group; an aromatic or heterocyclic aromatic carbocyclic group. Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic groups representing R 1 5 and R ⁇ 6 are as defined above.
- - A represents a CC 6 alkylene chain optionally substituted by one or more (CC 6 ) alkoxy, d CrC 4 alkylamino or (CC 6 ) alkylthio groups; a (C 3 -C 8 ) cycloalkylene group optionally substituted by one or more (CC 6 ) alkoxy, di (CC 6 ) alkylamino or (CC 6 ) alkylthio groups; an (C 6 -C ⁇ 0 ) arylene group optionally substituted by one or more (C C6) alkoxy, di (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkylamino or (CC 6 ) alkylthio groups; or a group - (CH 2 ) r B "- (CH 2 ) r where j represents an integer from 1 to 3 and B" represents (
- Ph phenyl, or one of the enantiomeric forms of these structures.
- Another type of substrate which can be reduced are those which correspond to the following formula:
- - D is as defined above for A in the formula (Xld);
- - Fi and F 2 are identical and represent a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, said group carrying at least one chiral center; a saturated carbocyclic group carrying at least one chiral center; or - Fi and F 2 together form a saturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, optionally interrupted by two groups X, X being as defined above for the formula (Xlb); two of the carbons of said chain constituting asymmetric centers.
- - D represents a C ⁇ -C 6 alkylene chain optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -Ce) alkoxy, di (C 1 -C 6 ) alkylamino or ( Cl-C 6 ) alkylthio; a (C 3 -C 8 ) cycloalkylene group optionally substituted by one or more (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkoxy, di (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkylamino or (C ⁇ Ce) alkylthio groups; a group (C 6 -C ⁇ 0 ) arylene optionally substituted by one or more groups (Ci-C ⁇ Jalcoxy, di (C ⁇ -C 6 ) alkylamino or (Ci- C ⁇ jalkylthio; or a group - (CH2) jB "- (CH2 ) j- where j represents an integer between 1 and 3 and B "represents (C 3 -C 8
- diphosphine oxide corresponds to one of the following formulas:
- G 2 , G 3 , G 4 , G 5 identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, optionally substituted, having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms which may be a saturated acyclic aliphatic group or unsaturated, linear or branched; a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic group, carrying a cyclic substituent,
- G 2 and G 3 can form together with the carbon atoms which carry them, a saturated or unsaturated cycle
- - G 5 can represent a type group in which Gù G 2 'and G 3 ' have the same meaning as that given for Gi, G 2 and G 3 , - G 4 and G 5 cannot simultaneously represent a phenyl group.
- the amount of the compound of formula (I) to be used is at least equal to the stoichiometry.
- the ratio between the number of moles of the substrate to be reduced and the number of moles of the compound of formula (I) can vary widely between 1 and 1000, preferably between 1 and 50.
- Intervenes in the process of the invention a Lewis acid.
- Lewis acid means a compound comprising a metallic or metalloid cation accepting electronic doublets, which reacts with the compound of formula (1).
- metallic or metalloid cations suitable for the invention mention may be made in particular of those of metallic or metalloid elements of groups (IVa), (Vlla), (Ib), (llb), (lllb) and (Vlll) of the periodic table elements.
- IVa metallic or metalloid elements of groups (IVa), (Vlla), (Ib), (llb), (lllb) and (Vlll) of the periodic table elements.
- titanium is preferably chosen.
- anions such as carboxylates, preferably acetate, propionate, benzoate: sulfonates preferably methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate: alcoholates preferably methylate, ethylate, propylate, isopropylate; Tacétylacétonate.
- organic anions such as carboxylates, preferably acetate, propionate, benzoate: sulfonates preferably methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate: alcoholates preferably methylate, ethylate, propylate, isopropylate; Tacétylacétonate.
- inorganic anions mention may in particular be made of chloride, bromide, iodide, carbonate.
- An organic anion is advantageously chosen.
- hydrocarbon groups by alkyl groups preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or cyclopentadienyl.
- iron (II) acetate iron (II) acetylacetonate.
- iron bromide (H) iron bromide (III).
- iron (III) chloride iron (III) ethoxide .
- iron (III) stearate iron (III) trifluoroacetylacetonate
- cobalt (II) - composed of cobalt:. cobalt (II) acetate. cobalt (II) acetylacetonate. bis (cyclopentadienyl) cobalt (II). cobalt (II) bromide. cobalt (II) chloride. cobalt (II) citrate. cobalt (II) cyclohexanebutyrate. Cobalt (II) 2-ethylhexanoate. (1R, 2R) - (-) - 1, 2-cyclohexanediamino-N, N'-bis (3,5-di-t-butylsalicylidene) cobalt (II) - nickel compound:.
- zirconium - composed of zirconium:. bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride. bis (tretramethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride. n-butyl dichloride (cyclopentanedienyl) of zirconium. cyclopentadienyl zirconium trichloride . zirconium (IV) acetylacetonate. zirconium n-butoxide (IV). zirconium t-butoxide (IV). zirconium n-propoxide (IV). zirconium (IV) trifluoroacetylacetonate
- hafnium (IV) acetylacetonate. hafnium bromide (IV). hafnium (IV) t-butoxide. hafnium (IV) chloride. hafnium ethoxide (IV). hafnium (IV) monoisopropylate propoxide
- - composed of zinc:. zinc acetate. zinc acetylacetonate. zinc bromide. zinc chloride . zinc cyclohexanebutyrate. Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate. zinc fluoride. zinc iodide. zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate - manganese compound:. bis (cyclopentadienyl) manganese. bis (ethylcyclopentadienyl) manganese. bis (pentanemethylcyclopentadienyl) manganese. bis (i-propylcyclopentadienyl) manganese. bis (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) manganese.
- Manganese cyclohexanebutyrate (II). Manganese 2-ethylhexanoate (II). Manganese fluoride (II). Manganese iodide (II). Pentacarbonyl bromide manganese phthalocyanine (lll) tricarbonylmethylcyclopentadienylmanganese
- Lewis acids we can mention titanium isopropoxide or zinc trifluoroacetate
- the amount of catalyst used expressed by the ratio between the number of moles of Lewis acid and the number of moles of substrate to be reduced varies between 0.1 and 1, preferably around 0.5.
- the process of the invention is preferably carried out in an organic solvent. It is also possible that one of the excess reactants serves as a reaction solvent.
- a solvent is used which is inert under the reaction conditions and which preferably solubilize the reactants.
- the solvent is chosen so that its boiling point is high (preferably greater than 80 ° C.).
- organic solvents suitable for the invention there may be mentioned in particular aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated or not; ethers and alcohols.
- solvents By way of nonlimiting examples of solvents, mention may be made of: - aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, more particularly paraffins such as, in particular, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, nonane, decane, undecane, tetradecane, petroleum ether and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as, in particular, benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzenes, trimethylbenzenes, cumene, pseudocumene, petroleum fractions made up of a mixture of alkylbenzenes, in particular Solvesso® type fractions, - aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons or aromatic, and one can mention: perchlorinated hydrocarbons such as in particular trichloromethane, tetrachlorethylene; partially chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dichlor
- Toluene is advantageously chosen.
- the amount of organic solvent used is such that the concentration of the substrate is advantageously between 0.1 and 1 mol / liter, preferably around 0.5 mol / liter.
- the substrate to be reduced is brought into contact with the compound of formula (I), in the presence of the catalyst and preferably in an organic solvent.
- the temperature and pressure conditions they are advantageously as described below.
- the reduction reaction is generally carried out at a temperature varying between room temperature and 150 ° C, preferably between 80 and 120 ° C.
- ambient temperature is meant a temperature usually between 5 ° C and 25 ° C.
- the duration of the reduction can vary widely between 2 hours and 24 hours, depending on the amount of catalyst used and the reaction temperature.
- the process of the invention is carried out at atmospheric pressure but preferably under a controlled atmosphere of inert gases such as nitrogen or rare gases, for example argon.
- inert gases such as nitrogen or rare gases, for example argon.
- a pressure slightly higher or lower than atmospheric pressure may be suitable.
- a preferred mode consists in charging the substrate to be reduced, the organic solvent, the catalyst of Lewis acid type, then the reducing compound of formula (I) is introduced. ).
- the reduced product is recovered. Conventional means can be used for this purpose. If the reduced product is in liquid form, it is possible, for example, to treat the reaction medium at the end of the reaction using a basic solution in order to hydrolyze the hydrides which have not reacted.
- the base is preferably an alkali metal hydroxide and more preferably, sodium or potassium hydroxide. It is advantageous to use a basic solution having a concentration varying from 1 to 5 N.
- the amount of base used is at least equal to the stoichiometric amount expressed relative to the reduced product obtained and may be in excess of up to 100% of the stoichiometric quantity.
- the aqueous and organic phases are separated.
- the organic phase is recovered and the organic solvent is evaporated.
- the solid is washed with an organic solvent in order to remove traces of solvent, for example, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, such as in particular pentane.
- the product is recovered and then dried.
- the drying temperature is a function of the melting point of the product obtained. The drying is generally carried out in air at a temperature varying between room temperature and
- the yield (RR) is defined as the ratio between the number of moles of product formed and the number of moles of substrate used.
- Example 1 Preparation of BINAPO: It is prepared by oxidation of BINAP. In a 250 ml flask, place the (S) - or (j-BINAP (2,2'- bis (diphenylphosphino) -1,1'-binaphthyle) (3 g, 4.81 mmol, 1 eq.) in 100 mL of CH 2 CI 2. Cool to 0 ° C. and add 0 L of hydrogen peroxide at 35% by weight, stir while allowing to return to ambient temperature for 4 hours, then add 100 mL of The organic phase is separated and the aqueous phase is extracted with CH 2 CI 2.
- BINAPO Reduction of BINAPO: In a reaction tube fitted with a stirrer and under an inert atmosphere, BINAP oxide is placed (300 mg, 0.46 mmol, 1 eq). 2 ml of toluene and (0.5 ml, 2.8 mmol, 6 eq) of tetramethyldisiloxane and (0.065 ml, 0.23 mmol, 0.5 eq) of titanium isopropoxide are then added.
- the reaction mixture is then heated to 85 ° C and stirred for 20 hours.
- the mixture is cooled and 1 ml of sodium hydroxide (3N) is added.
- the mixture is left to stir for 15 minutes and then 5 ml of dichloromethane are added. We filter.
- the organic phase is recovered then dried and evaporated to obtain 280 mg of a white solid.
- the solid is taken up in 3 ml of pentane and filtered through a frit.
- a white solid from BINAP is obtained. 260 mg of product are recovered, which corresponds to a yield of 91%.
- the mixture is dissolved in 3 mL DMF and heated to reflux overnight.
- the mixture is cooled and then treated with a solution of ethylenediamine (1mL) and water (1mL).
- the mixture is stirred for 2 minutes and then 5 ml of water and 10 ml of toluene are added.
- the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then the aqueous phase is extracted once with toluene.
- the combined organic phases are washed successively with 1 time of water, 4 times of HCl (0.1 M), 1 time of brine, then 1 time with saturated sodium bicarbonate.
- the product is then dried over sodium sulfate, then evaporated under reduced pressure (about 8 mm of mercury).
- the solid obtained is recrystallized from methanol.
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FR0404326A FR2869313B1 (fr) | 2004-04-23 | 2004-04-23 | Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel sous forme oxydee |
PCT/FR2005/000975 WO2005110948A1 (fr) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-20 | Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel sous forme oxydee |
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EP05759985A Withdrawn EP1753707A1 (fr) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-20 | Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel sous forme oxydee |
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US (1) | US20080214857A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1753707A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007533711A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1968914A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2563928A1 (fr) |
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FR2910474B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-21 | 2009-03-06 | Rhodia Recherches & Tech | Procede de preparation d'une phosphine primaire. |
FR2932181A1 (fr) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de reduction d'un groupe fonctionnel comprenant du phosphore sous forme oxydee |
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- 2005-04-20 EP EP05759985A patent/EP1753707A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-20 JP JP2007508937A patent/JP2007533711A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-20 WO PCT/FR2005/000975 patent/WO2005110948A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-04-20 CN CNA2005800183904A patent/CN1968914A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-20 US US11/587,397 patent/US20080214857A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20080214857A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
JP2007533711A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
WO2005110948A1 (fr) | 2005-11-24 |
FR2869313A1 (fr) | 2005-10-28 |
CN1968914A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
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