EP1741533B1 - Method for the production of concrete, able to be used in a building site - Google Patents

Method for the production of concrete, able to be used in a building site Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1741533B1
EP1741533B1 EP06114070A EP06114070A EP1741533B1 EP 1741533 B1 EP1741533 B1 EP 1741533B1 EP 06114070 A EP06114070 A EP 06114070A EP 06114070 A EP06114070 A EP 06114070A EP 1741533 B1 EP1741533 B1 EP 1741533B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixer
hopper
loading
concrete
cement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06114070A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1741533A3 (en
EP1741533A2 (en
Inventor
Renzo Salvadori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Le Officine Riunite - Udine SpA
Original Assignee
Le Officine Riunite - Udine SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Le Officine Riunite - Udine SpA filed Critical Le Officine Riunite - Udine SpA
Publication of EP1741533A2 publication Critical patent/EP1741533A2/en
Publication of EP1741533A3 publication Critical patent/EP1741533A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1741533B1 publication Critical patent/EP1741533B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
    • B28C9/008—Plant adapted for mixing materials lying on the ground, e.g. in sectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/715—Feeding the components in several steps, e.g. successive steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
    • B01F35/7548—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using tilting or pivoting means for emptying the mixing receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/0868—Mixing apparatus in which a mixing container is hoisted along an inclined or vertical track during mixing to discharge at a higher level
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/141—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis with container tiltable or elevatable for emptying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1123—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades sickle-shaped, i.e. curved in at least one direction

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an apparatus and a method for the production of concrete, able to be used in a building site.
  • the apparatus comprises a metal supporting structure, of a size able to allow it to be transported with a motor vehicle.
  • a silos for cement is able to be mounted, while laterally to the structure one or more raking arms for inert materials are able to be disposed.
  • a hopper is mounted on the supporting structure, below the silos, into which the cement, the inert materials, sand and gravel, and water can be loaded.
  • a mixer is also disposed on the supporting structure, with a horizontal axis, which can selectively assume a loading and mixing position, below the hopper, or a discharge position, by means of at least a rotation around its horizontal axis.
  • the outlet mouth of the mixer In the loading and mixing position, the outlet mouth of the mixer is above a horizontal plane passing through the axis of rotation of the latter.
  • Apparatuses for the production of concrete in a building site are known, which use a mixer with a vertical or horizontal axis.
  • Mixers with a horizontal axis normally comprise a drum, rotary with respect to a fixed structure and having, on a front surface, a loading aperture, associated with a loading hopper located below a silos for the cement, and coupled to one or more raking arms for the inert materials.
  • On the opposite front surface of the rotary drum there is an outlet mouth to discharge the concrete into a bucket.
  • Such mixers are rather bulky and normally require the direction of rotation of the drum to be inverted in order to pass from the mixing step to the discharge step, with consequent lengthening of the production cycle.
  • Mixers with a vertical axis normally comprise a static or mixing container, inside which one or more shafts are mounted, able to rotate vertically, and provided with raking and mixing blades.
  • the container has an upper cover shaped like a truncated cone, in which a loading aperture is made, and a cylindrical part below, on the lower wall of which the discharge mouth is made. The latter is selectively closed by a door, generally commanded fluid-dynamically, which must necessarily be watertight in order to prevent unwanted leakages of water and/or mixture during the mixing step.
  • a purpose of the present invention is to be able to graduate, simply and effectively, the loading into the mixer of the material that makes up the concrete, that is, the cement, the sand, the water and the gravel, and other components of the mixture for any consistency whatsoever of the concrete that is to be obtained: dry, semi-dry, plastic or fluid.
  • the Applicant has devised and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art in order to achieve these purposes and obtain other advantages.
  • the apparatus for the production of concrete comprises a metal supporting structure, able to be installed advantageously in a building site and on which are able to be disposed, at the upper part, a silos for the cement and, laterally, one or more raking arms for inert materials.
  • a dosing hopper is mounted, into which at least the cement and the inert materials, for example sand and gravel, are able to be loaded.
  • a mixer with a horizontal axis which comprises a container or drum, for example cylindrical, inside which there are means to mix and homogenize the mixture, is mounted on the supporting structure and is provided with a loading aperture, able to be associated with the discharge aperture of said hopper, and a discharge mouth, through which the concrete produced inside the drum is able to be discharged.
  • Said mixer is movable, by effecting a rotation with respect to its horizontal axis, between a loading position, in which said loading aperture is disposed in correspondence with the discharge aperture of said hopper and said discharge mouth is disposed substantially above the highest level of the mixture, and a discharge position, in which said discharge mouth is below the horizontal plane passing through the horizontal axis of the mixer.
  • the loading aperture of the mixer remains above said horizontal plane even when the mixer is in the discharge position.
  • said mixer is advantageously also raised from a lower level, where it is to be found at least during a loading step, to an upper level, so as to be able to discharge the concrete into a bucket.
  • the step of mixing the concrete during which the mixing means, consisting for example of blades disposed in a spiral, are made to rotate in the same direction of rotation around said horizontal axis by means of motor means, can advantageously continue both during the loading of the material into the mixer, and also during the discharge step.
  • the movement of the mixer between the loading and discharge positions, and between the lower level and the upper level, and vice versa is obtained by means of command means of the fluid-dynamic type, with the aid of guides, suitably inclined and mounted on the supporting structure.
  • the discharge mouth of the mixer is provided with a closing door, which normally remains closed due to gravity, and which is automatically opened by a mechanical device that exploits the movement of the mixer itself between its loading and discharge positions.
  • the hopper is divided internally into at least two substantially vertical containing compartments, a front compartment, in which the cement arriving from the silos is able to be inserted, and a rear compartment, into which a first inert material, for example sand, is able to be inserted at the lower part, to form a first layer of inert material, and then a second inert material, for example gravel, to form a second layer of inert material.
  • a first inert material for example sand
  • the discharge aperture made in the lower part of the hopper, is substantially shaped so as to affect both the containing compartments.
  • a single closing door is selectively commandable, for example by means of a fluid-dynamic device, to obtain the gradual opening of said discharge aperture of the hopper so that first the cement and the first inert material, for example sand, are introduced into the mixing drum, in order to form first of all, together with the water, the so-called cement grout, and then the second inert material, for example gravel, in order to form the concrete proper.
  • the necessary water is advantageously introduced into the mixer laterally with respect to the discharge aperture of the hopper and is taken, by means of a pump, from a tank mounted on said supporting structure.
  • the water is advantageously distributed in a substantially homogeneous manner along the larger side of the loading aperture of the mixer, by means of a delivery device provided with an oblong slit, or a plurality of nozzles.
  • Load cells of a known type are associated with the hopper, by means of which it is possible to weigh the quantity of each material, both introduced therein and discharged therefrom, in order to suitably dose the composition of the concrete to be produced.
  • an apparatus 10 for the production of concrete installed in a building site, comprises a supporting structure 11, consisting for example of a plurality of metal tubular elements fixed to each other so as to form a lattice shaped slightly like a truncated pyramid, having a base of about 2.5 m by 2.5 m and a height of about 2.5 m.
  • a silos 12 for the cement is mounted in removable manner, of a known type, below which a hopper 13 is fixed.
  • Load cells of a known type, not shown in the drawings, are provided below the hopper 13 to weigh the material inserted therein.
  • the hopper 13 will be described in more detail hereafter.
  • a raking arm device 15 is pivoted, also of a known type, which is able to collect inert material, such as sand, gravel or other, to transport it inside the hopper 13.
  • the supporting structure 11 also comprises a first pair of guides 16 ( figs. 1 , 2 and 3 ), parallel to each other and inclined upwards and towards the front part of the apparatus 10 (on the left in fig. 1 ) by about 10° with respect to a horizontal plane, and a second pair of guides 18, parallel to each other and inclined upwards and towards the front part of the apparatus 10 by about 45° with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • a mixer 20 with a horizontal axis is mounted on the two pairs of guides 16 and 18, which comprises a mixing drum 21, made of metal and with a substantially cylindrical shape, inside which a rotary shaft 22 is disposed ( fig. 4 ), provided with blades 23 disposed in a spiral.
  • the capacity of the mixing drum 21 is about 0.5 m 3 .
  • a drive unit 25 is mounted on a lateral surface of the mixing drum 21 to make the shaft 22 and the blades 23 rotate.
  • the mixing drum 21 is provided with wheels 26 and 28, able to slide on the guides 16, respectively 18, thrust by a pair of oil-dynamic jacks 29 of a known type, to move between a first working or loading position, shown with a continuous line in figs. 1 and 2 , and a second working or discharge position, shown with a line of dashes in the same figures.
  • the mixing drum 21, substantially at the center of its cylindrical surface, is provided with a loading aperture 30, constantly open, which in the first working position is below the hopper 13, and a discharge mouth 31, offset angularly by about 100° with respect to the loading aperture 30.
  • the discharge mouth 31 is selectively closed by a metal door 32 and, like the loading aperture 30, is above the horizontal plane P1 passing through the axis of rotation of the shaft 22, when the mixing drum 21 is in the first working position. On the contrary, when the mixing drum 21 is in the second working position, the loading aperture 30 remains above a horizontal plane P2, also passing through the axis of rotation of the shaft 22, while the discharge mouth 31 is to be found below the horizontal plane P2.
  • the mixer 20 in passing from the first to the second working position, by means of the rotation of the mixing drum 21, is also raised so that in the second working position the discharge mouth 31 is above a bucket 35 disposed in a bucket-bearing basket 36.
  • the metal door 32 of the discharge mouth 31, which normally remains closed due to the effect of the force of gravity, during the passage from the first to the second working position of the mixer 20, is automatically opened by means of a fixed stop 38 ( fig. 2 ), which cooperates with a lateral arm 39 connected to the door 32.
  • the blades 23 are able to rotate always in the same direction of rotation and are conformed so as to constantly thrust the mixture constituting the concrete towards the center of the mixing drum 21, thus also facilitating the discharge of the latter from the discharge mouth 31.
  • the hopper 13 ( figs. 2 , 5, 6, 7 , 8 and 9 ) is made of metal sheets welded together and is shaped so as to define a front compartment 40, or containing zone (on the left in the above figures), divided by means of a U-shaped inner dividing wall 41, from a second compartment 42, autonomous and bigger than the first and which surrounds it on three sides.
  • the cement arriving from the silos 12 is able to be inserted into the front compartment 40, while the inert material arriving from the raking arm device 15 is able to be inserted into the second compartment 42.
  • the hopper 13, in its lower part, is provided with a single discharge aperture 43 ( figs. 5, 6 and 7 ), shaped so as to have a front zone 45 and a rear zone 46, each of which is substantially rectangular, with the rear zone 46 having a greater area than the front zone 45.
  • the latter moreover, is in turn divided into a sub-zone 45a ( fig. 7 ), which is substantially equal to the sizes of the lower part of the front compartment 40, and into a sub-zone 45b, adjacent to and smaller than the sub-zone 45a.
  • a lower door 48 consisting of two lateral arms 49 ( figs. 5 and 6 ), pivoted on horizontal pins 50, has a lower part consisting of a metal plate having a rectangular development, but curved so as to be coaxial with an axis passing through the pins 50.
  • the lower door 48 is commanded by an oil-dynamic jack 52 connected thereto at an intermediate rear point 51.
  • a water delivery device 53 is disposed, having a longitudinal slit as long as the greater side of the loading aperture 30 of the mixer 20, to deliver the water uniformly together with the material that is discharged from the hopper 13, when the lower door 48 is opened.
  • the delivery device 53 ( figs. 2 and 3 ) is connected to a water tank 56, mounted on the lower part of the supporting structure 11.
  • the apparatus 10 In order to perform a cycle of concrete production, the apparatus 10 as described heretofore functions as follows.
  • a determinate quantity of cement C ( fig. 5 ) is transferred to the front compartment 40 of the hopper 13 and, by means of the raking arm device 15, a determinate quantity of first inert material, for example sand S, is loaded into the second compartment 42, thus forming a lower layer.
  • a determinate quantity of second inert material for example gravel G, is loaded above the layer of sand S, thus forming an upper layer.
  • the lower door 48 of the hopper 13 is then gradually opened ( figs. 5 and 6 ), so as to leave the rear zone 46 still closed ( fig. 7 ). Consequently, in this first loading step, from the hopper 13 only the cement C from the sub-zone 45a, and part of the sand S (indicated by the line of dashes in figs. 5 and 6 ) from the sub-zone 45b, are introduced into the mixer 20, but not the gravel G. At the same time, a determinate quantity of water is also introduced, by means of the delivery device 53.
  • the shaft 22 and the blades 23 are made to rotate by the drive unit 25, in order to thus form the cement grout.
  • the opening of the lower door 48 is completed ( figs. 8 and 9 ), by means of the jack 52, so that the rest of the sand S (without the dashes in fig. 5 ) and the gravel G are also introduced into the mixer 20.
  • the mixer 20 When the formation of the concrete inside the mixer 20 has been completed, after the blades 23 have been rotating for some minutes, while they continue to rotate in the same direction of rotation, the mixer 20 is displaced by the jacks 29 from the first to the second working position. During this displacement, the mixing drum 21 rotates in an anti-clockwise direction ( fig. 2 ), guided by the guides 16 and 18, and takes its discharge mouth 31 below the plane P2. Moreover, when the displacement is nearly finished, the door 32 is also automatically opened, so that the concrete is discharged from the mixer 20 to the bucket 35 below, facilitated by the screw-type blades 23 which thrust the concrete towards the center of the mixing drum 21 and hence towards the discharge mouth 31.
  • the mixer 20 is then returned to the first working position, below the hopper 13, which in the meantime has been filled with a new load of cement and inert material, as previously described, in order to effect another cycle of concrete production.
  • all the drive and command members, from the drive unit 25 to the jacks 29 and 52, the pump 55, the relative regulation valves and the load cells associated with the hopper 13, are advantageously controlled by an electronic control unit, selectively settable, so that the working cycle for the production of concrete can even take place in a completely programmable and automated manner.
  • the mixer 20 could simply rotate, to take the discharge mouth 31 from the first to the second working position, without rising from plane P1 to plane P2.
  • the mixer 20 should be located at a higher level with respect to the ground in order to be able to discharge into a bucket or a transportable mixer below, or a trench should be provided in the ground where the bucket 35 can be disposed, or conveyor means provided to convey to the bucket 35 the concrete discharged from the mixer 20.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
EP06114070A 2005-05-18 2006-05-17 Method for the production of concrete, able to be used in a building site Active EP1741533B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000080A ITUD20050080A1 (it) 2005-05-18 2005-05-18 Apparecchiatura per la produzione di calcestruzzo, atta ad essere installata in un cantiere edile

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1741533A2 EP1741533A2 (en) 2007-01-10
EP1741533A3 EP1741533A3 (en) 2007-03-28
EP1741533B1 true EP1741533B1 (en) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=35169691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06114070A Active EP1741533B1 (en) 2005-05-18 2006-05-17 Method for the production of concrete, able to be used in a building site

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1741533B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE424286T1 (it)
DE (1) DE602006005424D1 (it)
FR (1) FR2885835B3 (it)
IT (1) ITUD20050080A1 (it)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2484590B2 (es) * 2013-02-11 2015-04-07 Universidad De Burgos Planta de inertización de magnesio
CN105313222B (zh) * 2014-07-24 2017-08-25 中联重科股份有限公司 一种用于搅拌机飞刀组件的快换装置及搅拌机
CN112023755A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-12-04 界首市南都华宇电源有限公司 一种涂片加工用铅膏进料装置
CN112622031B (zh) * 2020-12-04 2022-05-06 临绍(平邑)新型建材有限公司 一种混凝土搅拌装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE552050C (de) * 1930-09-05 1932-06-09 Porter Wynn Yett Mischverfahren und Vorrichtung fuer Beton
US2138172A (en) * 1937-02-10 1938-11-29 Johnson Co C S Batching apparatus
US2737315A (en) * 1952-01-18 1956-03-06 John E Rose Twin bin hopper construction
DE1234142B (de) * 1965-09-01 1967-02-09 Elba Werk Maschinen Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Beton
FR1475995A (fr) * 1966-03-11 1967-04-07 Elba Werk Maschinen Gmbh & Co Dispositif roulant utilisable pour la préparation du béton
BE692943A (fr) * 1967-01-20 1967-07-20 Portasilo Ltd Perfectionnements aux appareillages pour le dosage et le malaxage des agrégats du béton.
JP2002127130A (ja) * 2000-10-30 2002-05-08 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd セメント系混練物製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602006005424D1 (de) 2009-04-16
FR2885835A1 (fr) 2006-11-24
FR2885835B3 (fr) 2007-08-17
EP1741533A3 (en) 2007-03-28
ATE424286T1 (de) 2009-03-15
ITUD20050080A1 (it) 2006-11-19
EP1741533A2 (en) 2007-01-10

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