EP1727619A1 - KATALYSATOR ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER WIRKSAMKEIT DER NOx-REDUKTION IN KRAFTFAHRZEUGEN - Google Patents
KATALYSATOR ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER WIRKSAMKEIT DER NOx-REDUKTION IN KRAFTFAHRZEUGENInfo
- Publication number
- EP1727619A1 EP1727619A1 EP05716006A EP05716006A EP1727619A1 EP 1727619 A1 EP1727619 A1 EP 1727619A1 EP 05716006 A EP05716006 A EP 05716006A EP 05716006 A EP05716006 A EP 05716006A EP 1727619 A1 EP1727619 A1 EP 1727619A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- metal
- weight
- zeolite
- catalyst according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 chabasite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052677 heulandite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052675 erionite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001683 gmelinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/049—Pillared clays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/202—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/204—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/208—Hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/92—Dimensions
- B01D2255/9205—Porosity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a catalyst for improving the effectiveness of NOx reduction in motor vehicles.
- the legislation provides for a drastic reduction in the pollutant limit values in the EU IV directive.
- SCR method selective catalytic reduction method
- a selectively acting reducing agent usually by injection, is fed to the exhaust gas at a point upstream of a catalytic converter, by means of which, in a chemical reaction, the NO x contained in the exhaust gas in the SCR catalytic converter becomes economically neutral components (N 2 , 0 2 , H 2 0) can be implemented.
- Solid or liquid operating materials are better suited for mobile use. In contrast to toxic ammonia, they are harmless and eco-neutral, but allow the generation of the ammonia required for the catalytic reaction on board a motor vehicle.
- An example of such a substance is urea, from which ammonia can be obtained by thermal decomposition or, preferably, by hydrolytic processes.
- the exhaust gas temperatures may not be sufficient for selective catalytic reduction, for example in the cold start phase of the engine or when driving in the city with frequent idling phases.
- the targeted addition (metering) of the reducing agent then represents a complicated control problem that cannot always be solved satisfactorily.
- ammonia slipping breakthrough of free NH 3 through the catalyst
- a conventional injection system can be used to extend the engine's stroke Inject diesel fuel directly or provide an additional injection valve in front of the existing SCR catalytic converter through which diesel fuel or another suitable hydrocarbon is injected.
- the exhaust gas itself usually contains a sufficient amount of HC for NO x reduction.
- the catalysts known from the prior art use porous ceramic or precious metal substrates with particularly large surface volumes on which catalytically active noble metals are contained in a washcoat coating. such as platinum or rhodium.
- these catalysts are complex to manufacture and therefore often very expensive. It has also been shown that environmental contamination from the heavy metal released from the catalyst takes place with the time.
- the motor vehicle catalysts used today are frequently extremely sensitive to sulfur and / or sulfates, which are catalyst poisons for these catalysts, as a result of which the catalyst is at least partially deactivated.
- PGMs platinum group metals, platinum group metals
- volatile metals such as potassium or vanadium
- a catalyst according to the invention is characterized in that it contains modified clay minerals selected from the group comprising bentonites, smectites, hectorites and mixtures thereof pilled with aluminum, silicon or titanium (oxides).
- modified clay minerals selected from the group comprising bentonites, smectites, hectorites and mixtures thereof pilled with aluminum, silicon or titanium (oxides).
- “contains” means in particular that the catalyst consists of> 30% (% by weight), preferably> 60% (% by weight) and most preferably> 80% (% by weight) of the modified clay minerals mentioned In the event that the catalyst contains zeolites and clay minerals, these can be contained, inter alia, in the same phase, as a mixed crystal or as a mechanical mixture.
- the proportion of zeolites is preferably> 10% (% by weight), more preferably> 20% (% by weight), still preferably> 30% (% by weight), and most preferred > 40% (wt%), and the proportion of clay minerals preferably> 10% (wt%), still preferably> 20% (wt%) still preferably> 30% (wt%), and most preferably> 40% (wt %).
- Hydrocarbons available in motor vehicles directly or first “reformed” and / or CO and / or H 2 are used.
- Bentonite as the clay mineral catalysts for N0 X are basically known from the prior art for use in power plants, for example in US Patent 6 521 559. However, the conditions differ on the one hand in a Power plant basically of those in a motor vehicle; on the other hand, only NH 3 and not hydrocarbons are used as reducing agents. Furthermore, the production of the catalyst mentioned is based on the synthetic and pilled mineral laponite, which cannot be obtained in sufficient quantities on an industrial scale for cost reasons alone.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that it contains oxidative and reductive regions which, depending on preference, can be achieved both on one and the same or on different minerals (clay mineral, zeolite).
- a particularly efficient reduction of NO can always take place if part of the NO is first oxidized to NO 2 and another part of NO is reduced to NH 3 using the hydrocarbons. Then a recombination of several species adsorbed on the catalyst to N 2 and water takes place.
- Clay minerals include in particular phyllosilicates, but also band silicates [eg palygorskite (attapulgite) u. Sepiolite (meerschaum) understood.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the clay mineral is selected from the group containing kaolinite, ilerite, kanemite, magadiite, smectite, montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, palygorskite and sepiolite and mixtures thereof. Bentonite, sepiolite, hectorite and montmorillonite are particularly preferred.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the clay mineral of the catalyst contains, in particular, basic cations, preferably selected from the group comprising Ba, Na, Sr, Ca and Mg and mixtures thereof.
- Ba 2+ ions in particular are known to bind hydrocarbons together with suitable clay minerals and to convert them into more reactive species, such as aldehydes, which then enable NO x reduction.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the catalyst has oxidative metal ions, preferably selected from the group comprising Ag, Ce, Fe, Cu, La, Pr, Th, Nd, In, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and mixtures thereof contains and / or carries.
- oxidative metal ions preferably selected from the group comprising Ag, Ce, Fe, Cu, La, Pr, Th, Nd, In, Cr, Mn, Co and Ni and mixtures thereof contains and / or carries.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the catalyst is based on modified bentonite.
- Other particularly preferred catalysts are characterized in that they contain modified clay minerals selected from the group Bentonites, smectites, hectorites and mixtures thereof, which are pillared with aluminum, silicon or titanium (oxides).
- a further embodiment of the catalyst which is particularly preferred in the context of this invention includes at least one oxidative region which contains, for example, zeolites and a reductive region which can be formed by clay minerals. Because of the known
- Shape selectivity of the zeolites are particularly suitable for oxidizing only the NO, while the hydrocarbons can reach the reactive centers of the zeolite much more slowly due to their size and are therefore practically not oxidized.
- Clay minerals against it are particularly suitable for oxidizing only the NO, while the hydrocarbons can reach the reactive centers of the zeolite much more slowly due to their size and are therefore practically not oxidized.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to 20 of the present invention is characterized in that the catalyst is a zeolite selected from the group comprising naturally occurring, ion-exchanged and / or synthesized zeolite A, zeolite X, zeolite Y, heulandite, clinoptilolite, chabasite, erionite, mordenite , 25 ferrierite, MFI (ZSM-5), zeolite beta faujasite, mordenite or mixtures thereof.
- zeolite selected from the group comprising naturally occurring, ion-exchanged and / or synthesized zeolite A, zeolite X, zeolite Y, heulandite, clinoptilolite, chabasite, erionite, mordenite , 25 ferrierite, MFI (ZSM-5), zeolite beta faujasite, mordenite or mixtures thereof.
- Zeolites which can be used in the context of the present invention can also be selected from the group comprising
- zeolite A zeolite X, Y and / or Heulandite.
- clinoptilolite chabasite, erionite, Mordenite, ferrierite, MFI (ZSM-5) and zeolite beta.
- the latter zeolite structures are characterized by a lower Al content, which on the one hand reduces the ion exchange capacity but on the other hand has the advantage of high temperature resistance (up to 550 ° C continuous operation).
- Faujasite, Heulandite and Mordenite are particularly suitable zeolites.
- the mineral faujasite belongs to the faujasite types within the zeolite structure group 4, which are characterized by the double six-ring subunit D6R (compare Donald W. Breck: "Zeolite Molecular Sieves", John Wiley & Sons, New York, London, Sydney, Toronto, 1974, page 92.
- Zeolite structure group 4 includes, in addition to the faujasite types mentioned, the naturally occurring minerals chabazite and gmelinite as well as other synthetically available zeolites.
- Heulandite have in particular the general formula (Na, K) Ca 4 [Al 9 Si 27 ⁇ 72 ] -24H 2 0 or Ca 4 [Al 8 Si 28 0 72 ] ⁇ 24H 2 0). Together with the SiO 2 -rich clinoptilolite, they are crystal. monoclinic in the Krist. -Class 2 / m-C2h and form flaky to tabular crystals, often individually or grown in subparallel aggregates, also peeled, flaky or late aggregates with perfect cleavage with pearlescent-like sheen on the gap surfaces (see also Gottardi-Galli, Natural Zeolites, pp. 256-284).
- Mordents have the general structure Na 3 KCa 2 [Al 8 Si 4 o0 96 ] -28H 2 0.
- the units of the crystal structure are five-membered rings of tetrahedra that form chains one above the other.
- Quad rings are formed by common corners of two tetrahedra of five rings; Quadruple and Five rings together enclose twelve rings, see p. Illustration.
- Mordenite forms tiny prisms. , acicular or fine-fiber white to colorless crystals. , often as cotton-like aggregates, u. coarse porcelain-like masses (see also Gottardi-Galli, Natural Zeolites, pp. 223-233, Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer 1985).
- Faujasite-type zeolites are composed of ß-cages which are tetrahedral linked by D ⁇ R subunits, the ß-cages similar to the carbon atoms in the
- Diamonds are arranged.
- the three-dimensional network of the zeolites of the faujasite type which are suitable according to the invention has pores of 2.2 and 7.4 ⁇ , the unit cell also contains 8 cavities (supercages) with a diameter of approximately 13 ⁇ and can be represented by the formula
- Na 8 6_ (A10 2 ) 86 (Si0 2 ) ⁇ o ⁇ ] 'n H 2 0 describe (n is preferably 264).
- Mixtures, mixed crystals and / or co-crystals of zeolites of the faujasite type in addition to other zeolite structures which do not necessarily belong to the zeolite structure group 4 (according to the Breck 'see classification) are also suitable according to the invention (also in the form of mechanical mixtures) , in which preferably at least 70% by weight of the zeolites of the faujasite type, mordenites and / or heulandites are contained.
- the zeolites used in the context of this invention preferably have pore sizes of 2.8-8.0 ⁇ .
- the pore radius mentioned is partly considerable with the Al content of the zeolites and the type u.
- Amount of co-cations for charge balance (alkali, alkaline earth metals, sub-group elements) varies.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the proportion by weight of copper and / or iron in the catalyst, measured on the weight of the entire catalyst, is preferably between> 0% by weight and ⁇ 25% by weight between> 0.01
- ⁇ ⁇ 15% by weight " and most preferably between> 0.1% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight. Due to their catalytic activity, iron and copper further increase efficiency.
- suitable metals include silver, cerium, manganese, Indium and / or platinum, the latter being less preferred.
- the catalyst is preferably free of heavy metals, wherein free of heavy metals in the context of the present invention means that the catalyst is less than ⁇ 1% by weight, preferably less than ⁇ 0.8% by weight, still preferably less as ⁇ 0.6% by weight, more preferably less than ⁇ 0.4% by weight, and most preferably less than ⁇ 0.1% by weight of heavy metals contains.
- Heavy metals in the sense of the present invention are understood to mean in particular the platinum group elements.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the catalyst additionally carries metal oxides, the metal of the metal oxide being, apart from optionally copper, iron, indium, molybdenum or titanium, not a heavy metal.
- the catalyst particularly preferably also contains aluminum oxide.
- This has a strong surface-increasing effect due to the pillar process, in which the interlayer spacing of the minerals can be widened permanently by the nano-oxides formed, which in turn creates a permanent pore system within. of the catalyst.
- Another preferred oxide is titanium oxide or silicon dioxide, which can also be used to increase the surface area and to establish the pillared clays.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the proportion of metal oxide in mmol per g of catalyst is ⁇ 100 mmol of metal / g, more preferably ⁇ 50 mmol of metal / g, still ⁇ 20 mmol of metal / g, ⁇ 10 mmol Metal / g and most preferably from ⁇ 6 mmol metal / g to> 0 mmol metal / g, preferably> 1 mmol metal / g.
- copper can be used as additional catalytically active component. Copper presumably plays the crucial role of an active center in the complex catalytic process of NO x reduction. This role can obviously also take on iron, manganese, indium, molybdenum and to a certain extent also titanium, which are therefore also preferred in the context of the present invention. These co-cations as promoters are believed to further improve the effectiveness of the copper.
- copper-loaded zeolites such as Cu / ZSM-5 are in principle already known as active catalysts in deNOx processes, but so far it has not been possible to produce sufficiently stable forms for real exhaust gas conditions (up to 800 ° C, up to 20 vol .-% water, sulfur compounds).
- the clay minerals may have the crucial function of stabilizing co-cations. Modified clay minerals (ion-exchanged pillared clays, so-called PILC) or naturally occurring zeolites such as clinoptilolite and / or mordenite are particularly suitable for this.
- the percentage by weight (elemental) copper in the catalyst is preferably between> 0.01% and ⁇ 25%, preferably between> 0.1% and ⁇ 20%, more preferably between> 1% and ⁇ 15%, and most preferably between> 2% and ⁇ 10%.
- This information also applies to the active metal or iron acting as a co-cation, although mixtures of both metals also tested positive.
- Activity improvements could be and / or Ag, Ce additions and / or La additions and / or Ca, Co, Ni, In, Cr and Mn can be achieved as trace additions, which thus likewise represent preferred additions.
- clay minerals samples which have been pillared and ion-exchanged with Al, Si and / or with Ti and / or Cu, Fe are particularly effective and are preferred to this extent.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the microporous mean pore size is between> 0 nm and ⁇ 2 nm, preferably between> 0.1 nm and ⁇ 1.0 nm, more preferably between> 0.2 nm and ⁇ 0.8 nm, and most preferably between> 0.21 nm and ⁇ 0.6 nm.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the mesoporous mean pore size is between> 0 nm and ⁇ 10 nm, preferably between> 1 nm and ⁇ 9 nm, more preferably between> 2 nm and ⁇ 8 nm, and am most preferably between> 2.5 nm and ⁇ 7 nm.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the surface (measured by the BET method or in the multi-point method) of the clay mineral and / or zeolite, which forms the basis of the catalyst, in the catalyst product between> 0 m 2 / g and ⁇ 1000 m 2 / g, preferably between> 20 m 2 / g and ⁇ 800 m 2 / g, more preferably between> 50 m 2 / g and ⁇ 600 m 2 / g, and most preferably between> 90 m 2 / g and ⁇ 450 m 2 / g.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the micropore volume of the clay mineral and / or zeolite, which forms the base of the catalyst, in the catalyst product is preferably between> 0 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.4 cm 3 / g between> 0.02 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.25 cm 3 / g, more preferably between> 0.04 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.2 cm 3 / g, and most preferably between> 0.05 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.18 cm 3 / g.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the mesopore volume of the clay mineral and / or zeolite, which forms the base of the catalyst, in the catalyst product between> 0 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 1.0 cm 3 / g , preferably between> 0.01 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.80 cm 3 / g, more preferably between> 0.015 cm 3 / g and ⁇ 0.60 cm 3 / g, and most preferably between> 0.020 cm 3 / g g and ⁇ 0.51 cm 3 / g.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the interlayer distance between two layers of the clay mineral and / or zeolite-like mineral which forms the base of the catalyst in the catalyst product is between> 0 nm and ⁇ 5 nm, preferably between> 0, 5 nm and ⁇ 3 nm, more preferably between> 1.0 nm and ⁇ 2.5 nm, and most preferably between> 1.4 nm and ⁇ 2.1 nm.
- a preferred embodiment of a catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that the catalyst has a thermal load in the continuous state of> 300 ° C, preferably of> 400 ° C, more preferably of> 500 ° C, still preferably of> 600 ° C, and most preferably from> 650 ° C and ⁇ 700 ° C.
- the binder required for the formation of monolith can likewise be produced on the basis of the material already described, in which the doping with the active element is dispensed with here.
- full extrudates from a clay mineral / zeolite composite can also be used as catalysts and / or adsorbents.
- the active material can also be applied using washcoat technology (coating). This means that the range of modification options and / or " manufacturing processes is not exhausted; plasma-assisted processes for coating or CVD (chemical vapor deposition), impregnation, soaking (wet precipitation) and other methods of catalyst preparation that are frequently used can be used successfully.
- Naturally occurring minerals zeolites and clay minerals
- synthetically producible aluminosilicates with the structure mentioned can be used. They can usually be produced very inexpensively, due to low synthesis temperatures ( ⁇ 100 ° C, no autoclave technology), short synthesis times and the saving or dispensing with expensive, organic template models.
- leküle mostly alkyl ammonium salts, such as TPABr / TPAOH
- the advantages of natural minerals come to the fore particularly with clay minerals, since here a synthesis and / or purification process in preparation for delamination, pillarn / ion exchange is very time-consuming and costly.
- a method as described above and a catalyst as described above according to the present invention can be used in all motor vehicles and motor vehicle types; it does not matter whether it is e.g. are cars or trucks or whether petrol, diesel or CNG engines are used. Engines equipped with the latest combustion processes, such as HCCI (homogeneous charge charge ignition) or CAI (controlled auto ignition) can also benefit from this process.
- HCCI homogeneous charge charge ignition
- CAI controlled auto ignition
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004013164A DE102004013164B4 (de) | 2004-03-17 | 2004-03-17 | Katalysator zur Verbesserung der Wirksamkeit der NOx-Reduktion in Kraftfahrzeugen |
| PCT/EP2005/002656 WO2005092499A1 (de) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-12 | KATALYSATOR ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER WIRKSAMKEIT DER NOx-REDUKTION IN KRAFTFAHRZEUGEN |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1727619A1 true EP1727619A1 (de) | 2006-12-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05716006A Withdrawn EP1727619A1 (de) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-12 | KATALYSATOR ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER WIRKSAMKEIT DER NOx-REDUKTION IN KRAFTFAHRZEUGEN |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070077189A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1727619A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2007529300A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1953807A (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0508901A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004013164B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005092499A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018204802A1 (de) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Katalysatorzusammensetzung zur selektiven katalytischen Reduktion |
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| DE102005010221A1 (de) * | 2005-03-05 | 2006-09-07 | S&B Industrial Minerals Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines katalytisch wirkenden Minerals auf Basis eines Gerüstsilikates |
| BRPI0810133B1 (pt) | 2007-04-26 | 2023-01-17 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Método para converter óxidos de nitrogênio de um gás em nitrogênio, sistema de escapamento para um motor de combustão interna de queima pobre veicular, e, aparelho |
| US7687423B2 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2010-03-30 | Uop Llc | Selective catalyst for aromatics conversion |
| CN101444727B (zh) * | 2008-12-17 | 2011-02-02 | 中材高新材料股份有限公司 | 用于scr烟气脱硝的整体式蜂窝催化剂的制备方法 |
| CN102744099B (zh) * | 2011-04-22 | 2015-05-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种重油催化裂化催化剂及制备方法 |
| CN103084182B (zh) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-11-12 | 大连理工大学 | 一种用于烟气脱硝的无钒脱硝催化剂及其制备方法 |
| KR101907147B1 (ko) * | 2012-03-28 | 2018-10-12 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 선박 배가스 정화용 금속필터 |
| CN103708484B (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-08-24 | 绍兴文理学院 | AlCo复合柱撑粘土、制备方法及其应用 |
| DE102014201263A1 (de) | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-23 | Johnson Matthey Catalysts (Germany) Gmbh | Katalysator |
| DE102014205760A1 (de) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Katalysator sowie Katalysator |
| CN103877929B (zh) * | 2014-04-09 | 2016-04-27 | 佘洪舟 | 吸附NOx的吸附剂及制备方法 |
| CN104138761B (zh) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-20 | 南京工业大学 | 一种抗硫膜式低温脱硝催化剂及其制备方法 |
| US10184374B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2019-01-22 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Apparatus and method for desulfation of a catalyst used in a lean burn methane source fueled combustion system |
| CN108097240B (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-11-12 | 常州大学 | 一种3D纳米花状MnCrOX包覆海泡石低温脱硝催化剂及制备方法 |
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| DE102018204802A1 (de) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Katalysatorzusammensetzung zur selektiven katalytischen Reduktion |
| US11571682B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-02-07 | Johnson Matthey Catalysts (Germany) Gmbh | Selective catalytic reduction catalyst composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005092499A1 (de) | 2005-10-06 |
| DE102004013164A1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
| CN1953807A (zh) | 2007-04-25 |
| JP2007529300A (ja) | 2007-10-25 |
| DE102004013164B4 (de) | 2006-10-12 |
| US20070077189A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
| BRPI0508901A (pt) | 2007-08-07 |
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