EP1704574A1 - Elektromagnetischer linearantrieb - Google Patents
Elektromagnetischer linearantriebInfo
- Publication number
- EP1704574A1 EP1704574A1 EP05706672A EP05706672A EP1704574A1 EP 1704574 A1 EP1704574 A1 EP 1704574A1 EP 05706672 A EP05706672 A EP 05706672A EP 05706672 A EP05706672 A EP 05706672A EP 1704574 A1 EP1704574 A1 EP 1704574A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- armature
- stator
- linear drive
- electromagnetic linear
- air gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
- H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
- H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
- H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic linear drive with a stator and an armature which can be moved relative to the stator, an air gap being formed between the stator and the armature at least during a relative movement between a surface of the armature and a surface of the stator.
- Such an electromagnetic linear drive is known, for example, from German published application DE 195 09 195 AI.
- an armature is guided within a coil. When the coil is energized, the armature is moved due to the acting magnetic forces.
- the armature has a pole plate which limits the movement of the armature.
- An air gap is formed between the pole plate and the fixed stator. The air gap is essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the armature.
- the stroke of such electromagnetic linear drives can only be increased to a limited extent. If the air gap is greatly enlarged, the magnetic flux can only be controlled to a limited extent and the magnetic circuit has a large magnetic resistance. This reduces the force acting on the armature of the electromagnetic linear drive.
- a compromise between a large stroke and the force effect on the armature, which increases with the stroke, can be found.
- the invention is based on the object of designing an electromagnetic linear drive of the type mentioned in such a way that a sufficient force effect on the armature can be generated even when the stroke of the armature is increased.
- the object is achieved in an electromagnetic linear drive of the type mentioned at the outset in that the air gap is arranged at least partially at an angle to the direction of the relative movement.
- the magnetic flux emanating from an electromagnet or permanent magnet must be conducted through the air gap.
- a movement is generated in that the magnetic flux always propagates along the path with the least magnetic resistance. Due to the inclined position of the air gap, an increased stroke of the armature can be achieved compared to an air gap which is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the armature, with the same length of the effective distance of the gap to be bridged by the magnetic flux. Only those portions of the magnetic flux that emerge or enter the armature parallel to the direction of movement and bridge the air gap contribute to the generation of a force effect.
- the oblique arrangement of the air gap which Escape of the electromagnetic flow available surfaces of the armature or the stator enlarged.
- the surface of the armature and the surface of the stator are aligned parallel to one another.
- Surfaces aligned in parallel can be, for example, plane-parallel surfaces or spatially shaped surfaces.
- Parallel aligned, spatially shaped surfaces are, for example, opposing spherical sections or opposing pyramids or cones. Such uniformly designed surfaces are easy to manufacture industrially and, in cooperation with the oblique air gap, increase the stroke of the armature.
- the surfaces of the stator or the armature have partial surfaces whose surface normals are different from one another.
- a particularly simple embodiment variant is, for example, to design an anchor as a cuboid and to form the surface facing the air gap at one end by means of two inclined slopes.
- an opposite contour should be formed on the corresponding surface of the stator.
- this shape can also be used to fix the armature in a certain position in an end position.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can provide that different partial surfaces have different slopes with respect to the direction of the relative movement of the stator and armature.
- Different zones can be used to selectively form individual zones in which a particularly high density of the magnetic flux can be achieved.
- two partial surfaces are formed by an armature (or stator) being provided with tapered slopes. The magnetic flux is divided as evenly as possible between the two inclined partial surfaces.
- An advantageous further embodiment can provide that the surfaces are stepped and the steps are delimited by interpolated envelope surfaces, which are arranged obliquely to the direction of the relative movement.
- a gradation of the surfaces is easy to produce from a manufacturing point of view.
- Different step shapes can be provided for the steps.
- these steps can be designed as sawtooth, tilted sawtooth, as right-angled steps or as curved steps.
- the stepped surfaces are in turn delimited by an interpolated enveloping surface, that is to say that with a further abstraction of the stages, an enveloping surface which is oriented obliquely to the direction of the relative movement can be found.
- the steps have first sections, on which there are a first position of stator and armature to each other, touching the surfaces of the stator and armature.
- first sections from which surfaces of the stator and armature touch in a first position, a self-holding function of the electromagnetic linear drive can be generated.
- permanent magnets which generate a magnetic flux are arranged on the electromagnetic linear drive. This magnetic flux can then be closed over the contacting surfaces of the stator and armature (the first sections), so that the stator and armature are held together.
- the size of the contact surfaces of the first portions can be regulated independently of the permanent magnets caused by the holding force between the armature and stator '.
- the steps have second sections, on which an intermediate space is formed between the surfaces of the stator and armature in the first position of the stator and armature.
- gaps between the stator and the armature specifically creates areas in portions of the surfaces between which an air gap is formed, which have a high magnetic resistance.
- This resistance is higher than, for example, the magnetic resistance of an iron core, which is provided for guiding and guiding a magnetic flux.
- the gaps allow the magnetic flux to be directed into the first sections. As a result, the holding force that emanates from permanent magnets, for example, is used more effectively.
- the gaps prevent the occurrence of wanted scattering of the magnetic flux. This is particularly necessary in order to force the magnetic flux to emerge from the surfaces as vertically as possible, since only the perpendicular portions of the magnetic flux can produce desired force effects.
- the first sections are surfaces which are arranged essentially perpendicular to the direction of the relative movement.
- a vertical alignment of the first sections to the direction of the relative movement of the stator and armature makes it possible to produce a compact design of the linear drive. It is thus possible to guide the field lines in the area of the air gap as parallel as possible to the direction of the relative movement and to allow them to pass through the first sections in a targeted manner.
- Such a gradation can be designed spatially, so that, for example, shapes are designed in the manner of a step pyramid or a tapered cylinder. However, it can also be provided that the steps are arranged only along one plane.
- the steps in turn can be delimited by interpolated envelope surfaces, which are arranged obliquely to the direction of the relative movement.
- the enveloping surfaces can in turn be formed from a plurality of partial enveloping surfaces which are arranged at an angle to one another, so that, for example, essentially V-shaped or W-shaped stepped surfaces are produced in a sectional plane.
- the invention is shown schematically in one drawing using an exemplary embodiment and is described in more detail below.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an electromagnetic linear drive
- Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an electromagnetic linear drive
- Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of an electromagnetic linear drive.
- FIG. 1 The basic structure of an electromagnetic linear drive is first explained with reference to FIG. 1.
- the design variants shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 essentially correspond to the structure shown in FIG. 1. Differences can be seen in the design of the air gap.
- FIG. 1 shows a first electromagnetic linear drive 1.
- the first electromagnetic linear drive 1 is shown in a switch-on and a switch-off position.
- the first electromagnetic linear drive 1 has a stator 2.
- the stator 2 has a core 3, which consists of a ferrite material.
- the stator 2 has an electrical winding 4.
- An electrical current can be applied to the electrical winding 4, so that a magnetic field surrounds the electrical winding 4. This magnetic field is largely conducted within the core 3 of the stator 2.
- the core 3 is referred to as Three-legged core, with a first leg 5a and a second leg 5b engaging around the coil outside the winding 4.
- a third leg 5c partially penetrates into the interior of the electrical winding 4. This is not absolutely necessary for the function of the electromagnetic linear drive 1.
- the first, second and third legs 5a, 5b, 5c are connected to one another at a first end face of the electrical winding 4.
- a pole piece is formed on each of the first and second legs 5a, 5b.
- Permanent magnets ⁇ a, ⁇ b are arranged on the pole pieces.
- a recess is formed between the permanent magnets ⁇ a, 6b.
- An anchor 7 is slidably mounted within this recess.
- the armature 7 is displaceable along its direction of insertion.
- the direction of insertion is shown in the figures by a dash-dotted line 8.
- the insertion direction corresponds to the direction of the relative movement between the fixed stator 2 and the movable armature 7.
- the third leg 5c belonging to the stator 2 has a surface.
- the armature 7 has a surface.
- An air gap 9 is formed between the surfaces of the armature 7 and the stator 2.
- the air gap 9 is arranged obliquely to the direction of the relative movement between the stator 2 and the armature 7.
- the switched-on position that is to say the surfaces of the stator 2 and armature 7, which delimit the air gap 9, touch, holding forces are generated by the permanent magnets ⁇ a, ⁇ b.
- the magnetic flux emanating from the permanent magnets ⁇ a, 6b passes through the electrical winding 4 and forms self-contained field lines over the first leg 5a and the third leg 5c or over the second leg 5b and the third leg 5c.
- the armature 7 When trying to move armature 7 out of the on position (the first position of stator 2 and armature 7 to each other), the armature 7 is drawn back into the electrical winding 4 due to the magnetic flux emanating from the permanent magnets ⁇ a, 6b. In order to push the armature 7 out of the first position, the electrical winding 4 must be energized. The first step is to build up a magnetic field in order to overcome the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets. With an increased current supply to the electrical winding 4, the magnetic field emanating from the permanent magnets 6a, 6b is neutralized and finally the armature 7 is pressed out of the first position. An air gap 9 is formed between the surfaces of the stator 2 and the armature 7.
- an enlarged stroke can be generated while maintaining the force effect. At the same time they become the entry and exit for the magnetic Field lines available surfaces of the stator 2 and the armature 7 enlarged by the inclination of the air gap 9.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the air gap in a second electromagnetic linear drive 1 a.
- the basic structure and the mode of operation of the first electromagnetic linear drive 1 and the second electromagnetic linear drive 1 a are the same. Only the air gap 9a is designed in a modified form. Modules with the same effect are therefore designated with the same reference symbols. Switching the second electromagnetic linear drive 1 a on and off corresponds to the above description. Therefore, only the structure of the air gap 9a of the second electromagnetic linear drive la is discussed below.
- the air gap 9a of the second electromagnetic linear drive la has a first partial surface 10 and a second partial surface 11.
- the partial surfaces 10, 11 are arranged at an acute angle to one another and are arranged on the armature 7.
- Counter surfaces 10a, 11b corresponding to the partial surfaces 10, 11 are arranged on the stator 2.
- the surface normals of both the partial surfaces 10, 11 and the counter surfaces 10a, 11b are each different from one another. Only the mutually assigned surface normals of the partial surface 10 and the associated counter Surface 10a and the partial surface 11 and the associated counter surface 11b are the same. This means that the subareas assigned to one another are aligned parallel to one another. Even with such a configuration of the air gap 9a, an increase in the stroke B compared to the magnetically effective distance A is achieved.
- the acute-angled alignment of the partial surfaces relative to one another causes the armature 7 to be centered relative to the stator 2 when a first position of the stator 2 and armature 7 is in relation to one another.
- FIG. 1c Another embodiment of a third electromagnetic linear drive 1c is shown in FIG.
- the air gap 9c is formed by stepped surfaces.
- the steps have first sections 12, which are arranged substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the relative movement of stator 2 and armature 7.
- the first sections 12 are connected to one another via second sections 13.
- the switch-on position the first sections 12 touch.
- an intermediate space 14 is formed between second sections 13 of the steps.
- the spaces 14 are filled with air, for example.
- the spaces 14 represent a section with an increased magnetic resistance.
- the magnetic fluxes emanating from the permanent magnets ⁇ a, ⁇ b are conducted through the contacting surface in the first sections 12. Since the first sections 12 lie perpendicular to the direction of the relative movement between armature 7 and stator 2, the magnetic flux can pass through the first sections 12 almost vertically and free of unnecessary deflections. Since only those for the generation of forces Components of the magnetic flux acting perpendicular to the exit surface of the magnetic flux are effective, an almost maximum force effect can be generated between the stator 2 and the armature 7.
- the magnetic flux emanating from the electrical winding 4 when energized is aligned parallel / antiparallel to the fluxes shown in the figures.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Linear Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004002528A DE102004002528A1 (de) | 2004-01-12 | 2004-01-12 | Elektromagnetischer Linearantrieb |
PCT/DE2005/000033 WO2005066982A1 (de) | 2004-01-12 | 2005-01-07 | Elektromagnetischer linearantrieb |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1704574A1 true EP1704574A1 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
Family
ID=34716636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05706672A Withdrawn EP1704574A1 (de) | 2004-01-12 | 2005-01-07 | Elektromagnetischer linearantrieb |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7626288B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1704574A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1910708B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004002528A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005066982A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7619861B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2009-11-17 | Pass & Seymour, Inc. | Protective device having a thin construction |
DE102005013197A1 (de) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-28 | Siemens Ag | Magnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung |
DE102005026415A1 (de) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetische Antriebseinrichtung |
DE102006047923A1 (de) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Magnetventil und zugehörige hydraulische Bremsanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge |
FR2921199B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-17 | 2014-03-14 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Actionneur electromagnetique et appareil interrupteur equipe d'un tel actionneur electromagnetique |
DE102009027131A1 (de) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-30 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Linearstelleinheit für eine Schalteinrichtung eines Getriebes |
DE102010048808A1 (de) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-04-26 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung |
DE102011003054B4 (de) * | 2011-01-24 | 2014-05-22 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektromagnetisch betätigbarer Aktuator, insbesondere für ein verstellbares Dämpfventil eines Schwingungsdämpfers |
JP5686201B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-04 | 2015-03-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電磁式リニア弁 |
US9113591B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-08-25 | Raven Industries, Inc. | Implement for adjustably metering an agricultural field input according to different frame sections |
US8502627B1 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-08-06 | International Controls And Measurements Corporation | Relay with stair-structured pole faces |
US11160204B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-11-02 | Raven Industries, Inc. | Localized product injection system for an agricultural sprayer |
JP6172065B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-19 | 2017-08-02 | アンデン株式会社 | 電磁継電器 |
US10173236B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2019-01-08 | Raven Industries, Inc. | Nozzle control system and method |
WO2015058091A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Preheim John | Nozzle control system and method |
DE102015218768B3 (de) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-03-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Elektromagnetischer Aktor, elektromagnetisches Ventil und Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe |
JP6603106B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-11-06 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 直動電動機 |
DE102016119027A1 (de) | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | Chr. Mayr Gmbh + Co. Kg | Elektromagnetische Bremse mit einer steuerbaren Ankerscheibenbewegung |
JP6438454B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-12-12 | ファナック株式会社 | 鉄心を有するリアクトル、並びにこれを備える整流器、lcフィルタ及びモータ駆動装置 |
AU2018205225B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2021-05-06 | Raven Industries, Inc. | Localized product injection system and methods for same |
CN108257757A (zh) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-07-06 | 中航光电科技股份有限公司 | 分离脱落连接器的电磁部件 |
US10424429B2 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-09-24 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Long stroke linear solenoid |
DE102018120116B3 (de) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-12-12 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Zahnhaltebremse für eine Tür für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Zahnhaltebremse |
JP7263714B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-24 | 2023-04-25 | オムロン株式会社 | 電磁継電器 |
US11612160B2 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2023-03-28 | Raven Industries, Inc. | Valve control system and method |
DE102021202117B4 (de) * | 2021-03-04 | 2023-10-26 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Vorrichtung zur regelbaren Dosierung von Wasserstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US750132A (en) * | 1904-01-19 | Illius augustus timmis and edgar william timmis | ||
US506282A (en) * | 1893-10-10 | Illitjs augustus timmis | ||
US2407963A (en) * | 1943-01-11 | 1946-09-17 | Mcquay Norris Mfg Co | Solenoid |
US2584707A (en) * | 1950-07-14 | 1952-02-05 | Gen Electric | Self-aligning armature |
SE7502136L (sv) * | 1975-02-26 | 1976-08-27 | Facit Ab | Elektromagnet |
GB2077045B (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1984-04-11 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Magnetic actuator device |
EP0081604B1 (de) * | 1981-12-14 | 1986-08-06 | Sprecher & Schuh AG | Eisenkernpaar und Spulenkörper für Wechselstromschütz |
FR2560429B1 (fr) * | 1984-02-28 | 1987-06-19 | Telemecanique Electrique | Electro-aimant silencieux et contacteur utilisant un tel electro-aimant |
EP0160121B1 (de) * | 1984-03-31 | 1990-01-10 | Square D Company (Deutschland) Gmbh | Elektromagnet für elektrische Schaltgeräte, insbesondere Schütze |
FR2568402B1 (fr) * | 1984-07-24 | 1987-02-20 | Telemecanique Electrique | Electro-aimant a courant continu, en particulier pour appareil electrique de commutation |
US4845451A (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-07-04 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co., Ltd. | Electromagnet |
DE3829676A1 (de) * | 1988-09-01 | 1990-03-15 | Olympia Aeg | Tauchankermagnet, sowie dessen verwendung als druckhammer in einer druckhammervorrichtung |
DE19509195B4 (de) * | 1995-03-14 | 2004-07-22 | Siemens Ag | Gleichstrom-Magnetsystem mit Dauermagnetunterstützung |
JP3441360B2 (ja) | 1997-03-25 | 2003-09-02 | 株式会社東芝 | しゃ断器の操作装置 |
DE10215018A1 (de) | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-23 | Moeller Gmbh | Gleichstrom-Elektromagnet |
-
2004
- 2004-01-12 DE DE102004002528A patent/DE102004002528A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-01-07 US US10/585,746 patent/US7626288B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-07 WO PCT/DE2005/000033 patent/WO2005066982A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-01-07 CN CN2005800023125A patent/CN1910708B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-07 EP EP05706672A patent/EP1704574A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005066982A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7626288B2 (en) | 2009-12-01 |
WO2005066982A1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
US20080136266A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
CN1910708A (zh) | 2007-02-07 |
DE102004002528A1 (de) | 2005-08-04 |
CN1910708B (zh) | 2011-09-14 |
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