EP1685878A1 - Procédé de lutte contre le feu dans des silos à ordures - Google Patents

Procédé de lutte contre le feu dans des silos à ordures Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1685878A1
EP1685878A1 EP06000407A EP06000407A EP1685878A1 EP 1685878 A1 EP1685878 A1 EP 1685878A1 EP 06000407 A EP06000407 A EP 06000407A EP 06000407 A EP06000407 A EP 06000407A EP 1685878 A1 EP1685878 A1 EP 1685878A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
headspace
carbon dioxide
burning
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06000407A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1685878B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Heisel
Rainer Himmelskötter
Bernhard Menkhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to PL06000407T priority Critical patent/PL1685878T3/pl
Publication of EP1685878A1 publication Critical patent/EP1685878A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1685878B1 publication Critical patent/EP1685878B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/04—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for dust or loosely-baled or loosely-piled materials, e.g. in silos, in chimneys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A62C99/0027—Carbon dioxide extinguishers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extinguishing burning material, which are located in a substantially closed space, wherein an inert gas is introduced into the burning material.
  • the spaces between the garbage in the bunker contain air that supplies the necessary oxygen for combustion.
  • the garbage is usually stored or compressed so dense that the air in the interior of the garbage can circulate only very limited.
  • smoldering fire is understood in the context of this application incomplete combustion with insufficient oxygen supply. In a smoldering fire arise in greater quantities of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Both gases are lighter than air and thus rise in the free headspace above the stored waste, where they can form explosive mixtures with the air collected there.
  • garbage silos or garbage bunkers are also heavy metals, which can act as a catalyst, and promote, for example, the shift reaction of carbon monoxide with water to carbon dioxide and hydrogen and thus lead to increased hydrogen formation in the vicinity of the source of the fire.
  • the source of the fire itself produces hydrogen, carbon monoxide and reduced metals in the sub-stoichiometric combustion of a smoldering fire, which in turn can become catalytically active.
  • Hydrogen as a small and light molecule quickly diffuses through the garbage, accumulates in the headspace of the refuse bunker and can lead to explosive gas reactions with atmospheric oxygen.
  • fires inside Good are preferably quenched with inert gases.
  • Flooding a silo with an inert gas displaces the air from the material into the headspace.
  • the displaced and flowing through the good air can initially even temporarily ignite the fire before it is suffocated by the inert gas. This temporary increased combustion can cause further fires and smoldering fires.
  • supplied inert gas can stir up dust, which drastically increases the risk of dust explosions.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to show a method for combating fires, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned above, wherein the headspace located above the goods is purged with air.
  • the inventive method is based on two measures:
  • the actual fire, that is, the burning good, is extinguished with an inert gas.
  • the inert gas is introduced into the burning good and the fire so extracted from the necessary for combustion oxygen.
  • the invention is used in particular for extinguishing fires inside the material and for non-near-surface fires.
  • Particularly suitable is the method for controlling smoldering fires, which may occur, for example, in stored garbage.
  • the process of the invention can be used for the removal of good of all kinds, solids, but also mixtures of solid and liquid or pasty portions.
  • Preferred field of application is the control of fires, in particular smoldering fires, in stored garbage or waste.
  • carbon dioxide particularly preferably liquid carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide is introduced into the burning material.
  • Carbon dioxide is heavier than air and therefore accumulates in the lower part of the enclosed space. Gravity counteracts lift caused by convection due to the hot flame. Therefore, the carbon dioxide does not rise upwards, but remains at the source for a long time and suffocates the fire.
  • Carbon dioxide is not completely inert under the conditions of a smoldering fire. Rather, it can decay and decay according to the Boudouard balance Carbon monoxide and carbon are reduced. In the addition of carbon dioxide according to the invention, however, its decomposition remains well below 1% of the carbon dioxide used, so that the physically favorable properties of the carbon dioxide can be used as extinguishing agent without its disadvantages becoming too serious.
  • the carbon dioxide is introduced from above into the burning good. Due to gravity, the carbon dioxide then sinks down and reaches the source of the fire. This is particularly useful when liquid carbon dioxide is supplied.
  • the inert gas preferably carbon dioxide
  • the inert gas is introduced by means of one or more lances into the burning material.
  • the lances can be permanently installed in the enclosed space, with the material to be stored being poured or arranged around the lances, so that the lances are directly surrounded by the material, and in particular the outlet openings of the lances in the interior of the Guts, that is under the Surface, are located. But it is also possible to collect the lances only after the introduction of the Guts in the closed space in the estate or introduce appropriate holes in the estate.
  • a gas outlet is provided in the lower area of the enclosed space.
  • the supplied inert gas displaces the air located in the spaces between the estate and forms an oxygen-poor atmosphere in the area of the fire, causing it to go out.
  • the displaced air is advantageously removed by a lower quarter, preferably lower third, more preferably lower quarter, most preferably in the bottom 10% of the enclosed space. In this way, the air does not flow through the entire stored in the room Good, which could otherwise be fanned new fires.
  • refuse bins have a volume of more than 10,000 m 3 .
  • the invention therefore is particularly suitable for fire fighting in a room with a volume of more than 1500 m 3, particularly for rooms with a volume of more than 5000 m 3, particularly for rooms with a volume of more than 10000 m 3.
  • the headspace is purged with air. It has been found that the headspace should be purged with more than 5 m 3 / h of air per m 3 of head space, preferably with more than 8 m 3 / h of air per m 3 of head space, in order to safely displace hazardous gases and gas mixtures to dilute and so exclude explosions.
  • the temperature of the air used for rinsing should preferably not exceed 40 ° C.
  • the hydrogen and / or carbon monoxide content in the headspace are measured.
  • the extinguishing measures are selected depending on the measured concentrations.
  • An advantage should be the flushing of the headspace with air be carried out until the hydrogen concentration has fallen below 2 vol%.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for extinguishing smoldering fires in garbage stored in garbage bunkers of waste incineration plants.
  • waste incineration in waste incineration plants the waste is burned with large amounts of air, which is supplied via appropriately sized air compressor to the combustion chamber.
  • air compressors otherwise used to supply the waste incineration plant with combustion air can be used in the event of a fire with advantage also for flushing the headspace of the refuse bunker, as they can typically provide over 150,000 m 3 / h air, which can then be passed through the headspace ,
  • the invention has numerous advantages over the previously known extinguishing methods.
  • the combination of inertisation of the direct source of fire and flushing of the headspace with air makes it possible to extinguish smoldering fires and at the same time to dilute dangerous gas mixtures in the headspace so that there is no danger of explosion.
  • Hydrogen and carbon monoxide-containing gases are discharged through the use of large amounts of air from the headspace. Dust explosions are also prevented.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP06000407A 2005-02-01 2006-01-10 Procédé de lutte contre le feu dans des silos à ordures Not-in-force EP1685878B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06000407T PL1685878T3 (pl) 2005-02-01 2006-01-10 Sposób zwalczania pożaru w zbiornikach śmieci

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005004585A DE102005004585A1 (de) 2005-02-01 2005-02-01 Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1685878A1 true EP1685878A1 (fr) 2006-08-02
EP1685878B1 EP1685878B1 (fr) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=36218756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06000407A Not-in-force EP1685878B1 (fr) 2005-02-01 2006-01-10 Procédé de lutte contre le feu dans des silos à ordures

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1685878B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE399037T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005004585A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2308607T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1685878T3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2016980A1 (fr) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour éteindre un feu dans un silo
EP2078539A1 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2009-07-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour éteindre un feu couvant dans un silo
GB2493460A (en) * 2012-08-02 2013-02-06 Linde Ag Fire Prevention in Storage Silos
EP2674197A2 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention des incendies dans des silos de stockage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112190863B (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-10-01 上海西邦电气有限公司 一种容量感知智能型灭火器和容量感知方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2006258A (en) * 1931-06-06 1935-06-25 Firm Minimax A G Device for blowing fire-extinguishing gas into storage bins carrying more or less fine materials
EP0133999A2 (fr) * 1983-08-03 1985-03-13 BAVARIA Feuerlösch-Apparatebau Albert Loos Appareil pour la lutte contre les incendies dans des empilements de matériaux inflammables
US5156290A (en) * 1988-11-08 1992-10-20 Rodrigues Vivian J Container for rubbish
US6199493B1 (en) * 1994-02-15 2001-03-13 Thermoselect Ag Process for storing heterogeneous rubbish in an inert gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2006258A (en) * 1931-06-06 1935-06-25 Firm Minimax A G Device for blowing fire-extinguishing gas into storage bins carrying more or less fine materials
EP0133999A2 (fr) * 1983-08-03 1985-03-13 BAVARIA Feuerlösch-Apparatebau Albert Loos Appareil pour la lutte contre les incendies dans des empilements de matériaux inflammables
US5156290A (en) * 1988-11-08 1992-10-20 Rodrigues Vivian J Container for rubbish
US6199493B1 (en) * 1994-02-15 2001-03-13 Thermoselect Ag Process for storing heterogeneous rubbish in an inert gas

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2016980A1 (fr) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour éteindre un feu dans un silo
EP2078539A1 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2009-07-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour éteindre un feu couvant dans un silo
US20110024136A1 (en) * 2008-01-11 2011-02-03 Michael Heisel Method for extinguishing a smouldering fire in a silo
WO2013186515A3 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2014-07-24 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention contre l'incendie dans des silos de stockage
EP2674197A2 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention des incendies dans des silos de stockage
GB2503014A (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-18 Linde Ag Fire Prevention in Storage Silos
WO2013186515A2 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention contre l'incendie dans des silos de stockage
EP2674197A3 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2014-07-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention des incendies dans des silos de stockage
CN104736206A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2015-06-24 兰德股份公司 储料仓内的防火措施
AU2013276275B2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2016-09-08 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Fire prevention in storage silos
GB2503014B (en) * 2012-06-14 2017-07-12 Linde Ag Fire prevention in storage silos
WO2014020144A1 (fr) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Prévention des incendies dans des silos de stockage
GB2493460A (en) * 2012-08-02 2013-02-06 Linde Ag Fire Prevention in Storage Silos
CN104736205A (zh) * 2012-08-02 2015-06-24 兰德股份公司 储存仓中的防火
CN104736205B (zh) * 2012-08-02 2018-03-13 兰德股份公司 储存仓中的防火

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006000962D1 (de) 2008-08-07
DE102005004585A1 (de) 2006-08-10
EP1685878B1 (fr) 2008-06-25
ES2308607T3 (es) 2008-12-01
ATE399037T1 (de) 2008-07-15
PL1685878T3 (pl) 2009-02-27

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