EP1657362A1 - Amortisseurs accordés pour rail de chemin de fer - Google Patents

Amortisseurs accordés pour rail de chemin de fer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1657362A1
EP1657362A1 EP06001300A EP06001300A EP1657362A1 EP 1657362 A1 EP1657362 A1 EP 1657362A1 EP 06001300 A EP06001300 A EP 06001300A EP 06001300 A EP06001300 A EP 06001300A EP 1657362 A1 EP1657362 A1 EP 1657362A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
tuned
absorber
mass
absorbers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06001300A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anbin Wang
Christopher Neil Morison
Peter Rickard Shrubsall
Richard Guy Bointon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pandrol Ltd
Original Assignee
Pandrol Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pandrol Ltd filed Critical Pandrol Ltd
Publication of EP1657362A1 publication Critical patent/EP1657362A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/60—Rail fastenings making use of clamps or braces supporting the side of the rail
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
    • E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to tuned absorbers for railway rails and to assemblies incorporating such tuned absorbers.
  • the frequency range of greatest interest is from about 50 Hz to perhaps 5 kHz.
  • sound is emitted from the vehicles, the track, and the support structure.
  • the principle source of the vibrations most relevant to sound emission is the dynamic contact force which results from roughness on the wheels of the train and on the rail.
  • One approach to noise control on railways is therefore to reduce rail and wheel roughness, for instance by grinding the rail, or by attempting to select components which reduce the rate of roughness growth.
  • Such measures may be expensive.
  • the largest contributions to total so called “rolling noise" are from the rail and the wheels of the vehicles.
  • the stiffness of the track support is preferably reduced.
  • An associated effect is that vibrations are instead transmitted further along the rails.
  • the change in track stiffness can therefore be expected to affect the total noise emitted in two contradictory ways - there may be a decrease in the noise component from the track support structure, but an increase in that from the rail.
  • the extent to which any net change is beneficial will depend on a large number of factors - among them the change in track stiffness which can be brought about; the relative contributions from the rail and the track support structure; the frequency ranges of the vibrations of the different elements; and the design of the support structure.
  • a tuned absorber comprises a body of elastomeric material which is attached to a surface of the rail and contains one, or preferably more, active masses made of denser material and tuned to resonant frequencies within the range of vibration frequencies of the rail.
  • a tuned absorber 2A (2B) in accordance with the teaching of WO99/15732 comprises alternating layers of elastomeric material 3 and nested active masses 4 of denser material.
  • the tuned absorber 2A (2B) is located on the foot 1b of the rail 1 so as to contact the rail web 1c.
  • a method of mounting a tuned absorber on a web of a railway rail comprises the steps of: pinbrazing onto the rail web at least two studs at preselected locations; bringing the tuned absorber into abutment with the rail web such that the studs extend into respective holes formed through the tuned absorber; and applying a releasable fastening to each stud so as to maintain the tuned absorber thereon in contact with the rail web.
  • the studs are threaded and the said releasable fastening comprises a nut.
  • Pinbrazing for example, using equipment supplied by Safetrack Bavhammar AB, Sweden
  • brazing low-temperature welding
  • brazing Although mainly used for connecting electrical cables to rails, it can also be used to attach studs.
  • Attaching tuned absorbers using such a pinbrazing method has many advantages. It is considerably quicker and cheaper than gluing the absorber to the rail or attaching it using clips. Since the fastenings are releasable the absorber can also be removed very easily. Furthermore, since no external clips are required the absorber does not extend beyond the profile of the rail and hence can be used at locations where width or under-foot clearance is limited; the tuned absorber could be even be designed to fit at the location of most standard rail fastenings. Another advantage is that the small mass of the attaching system means that in situations where there is a specified limit on total assembly mass, more of that mass can be allocated to the active mass of the tuned absorber.
  • a tuned absorber assembly for a railway rail which assembly comprises tuned absorbers for respectively abutting each side of a web of the rail and a resilient clip for applying a securing force to maintain the absorbers in position on the rail web, wherein each tuned absorber has means for securing the clip thereto.
  • the securing means comprise sockets formed in respective faces of the tuned absorbers for receiving respective free ends of the clip.
  • the centre line of all parts of the clip lie substantially in the same plane except for the free ends thereof, which free ends extend out of the said plane in substantially mutually-opposite directions, and the sockets being formed in end faces of the said tuned absorbers.
  • the sockets may be formed as part of a channelled member located within the said tuned absorber.
  • a tuned absorber assembly for a railway rail comprising a tuned absorber for abutting a web of the rail and attachment means for applying a securing force to maintain the absorber in position on the rail web, wherein the said attachment means comprise a spring steel strap having a first portion for location on the tuned absorber, a second portion for attachment to a foot of the rail, and a flat third portion, joining the first and second portions, for location under the rail foot.
  • the second portion of the strap comprises an overcentre device which locates on the rail foot and is operable, when snapped into a closed position, to apply a compressive force to the tuned absorber through the first and third portions of the strap.
  • the tuned absorber has a socket for locating the said first portion of the strap.
  • each of the elastic members comprises elastomeric material within which is located at least one active mass, formed of material denser than the elastomeric material, such that the elastic member serves as a tuned absorber.
  • an assembly for mounting tuned absorbers on a railway rail comprising a member of elastomeric material containing at least one active mass, of material denser than said elastomeric material, the tuned absorbers being arranged on each side of the web of the rail such that the head of the rail contacts the tuned absorbers, wherein the assembly comprises a pair of brackets arranged for applying a lateral clamping force to respective ones of the tuned absorbers, whereby the rail is suspended above a rail foundation.
  • This mounting assembly has the significant advantage that it is integral with the rail suspension assembly and therefore requires no extra installation time or attachment methods. It is also hidden and as such is not prone to damage or vandalism.
  • the natural frequency of a mass vibrating on a supported layer of elastomer is proportional to the square root of the stiffness of the elastomer layer and inversely proportional to the square root of the mass. Therefore a small mass or a high-stiffness layer of elastomer is required to achieve a high natural frequency. But since a heavier mass can absorb more energy, it is in the interests of efficiency to use a high mass, and therefore a high-stiffness layer of elastomer is required.
  • the stiffness of the elastomer layer is inversely proportional to its thickness. However, a layer that is too thin will be more difficult to manufacture to tolerance and will deteriorate more rapidly.
  • a solution to this design contradiction is to support the mass with the elastomer material on both sides; thus a layer of elastomer on both sides of the mass will have twice the stiffness as the same thickness of elastomer on only one side, provided that both layers of elastomer are rigidly connected to the rail.
  • a tuned absorber for attachment to a railway rail which absorber comprises a member formed of elastomeric material and of at least one region of a first material which is denser than the said elastomeric material, which region is located within the said elastomeric material and forms an active mass, wherein a member of a second material denser than the said elastomeric material is also located within the said elastomeric material, adjacent to the said active mass, which member is coupled to the rail when in use so as to provide a resonant surface against which the said active mass can vibrate.
  • the presence of the member increases the stiffness of the system, allowing a higher active mass to be fitted within a given profile, and allowing the use of thicker, more durable layers of elastomer.
  • the member is semi-rigidly attached to the rail when the absorber is in use.
  • the member may have at least two holes therethrough for receiving attachment means whereby the member may be attached to a rail when the absorber is in use.
  • the member preferably comprises a beam, this is not essential. If the active mass(es) is(are) not elongate then the member needs to be present only at discrete locations near the mass(es). Even if the mass is elongate the member need not run for the entire length of the mass; for example, although providing less stiffness, the member could run parallel to the mass for only a short length either side of each absorber fixing (if the member is used to locate such fixings) or be just an annular sleeve around the fixing.
  • the beam is preferably shaped so as to have a channel running therealong,thereby reducing its mass whilst maintaining an acceptable bending stiffness and providing flat surfaces parallel to the active mass(es).
  • it could be a solid block; or have a hollow rectangular section, which has the advantage of providing large flat surfaces on all sides; or a flat plate, provided that the required natural frequencies and mode-shapes could be achieved.
  • the first and second denser materials comprise the same material.
  • WO99/15732 discloses multiple masses which are nested within each other, one of the active masses being an elongate solid section, positioned in the angle of another with two faces at a corresponding angle.
  • the mass per unit length of the angled active mass is significantly greater than the others.
  • a tuned absorber for attachment to a railway rail which absorber comprises a member formed of elastomeric material and of a first active mass and at least one further active mass, which active masses are of a material which is denser than the said elastomeric material and are located within the said elastomeric material, wherein the first active mass and the or each further mass are arranged so as to be effectively coupled for vibration in a first frequency range and such that the or each further active mass is decoupled from the first mass for vibration in a second frequency range higher than the first.
  • the absorber further comprises a member of a material denser than the said elastomeric material located within the said elastomeric material adjacent to the or each further active mass, which member is coupled to the rail when the absorber is in use so as to provide a resonant surface against which the or each further active mass can vibrate.
  • the presence of the beam improves the transfer of vertical and lateral vibration from the rail to the active masses and thus removes the requirement of nested masses.
  • the beam allows greater flexibility in the arrangement of active masses and enables larger active masses to be active at higher frequencies.
  • the active masses are solid members of a dense material.
  • a tuned absorber for attachment to a railway rail which absorber comprises a member formed of elastomeric material and of at least one region of material forming an active mass which is located within, but is denser than, the said elastomeric material, wherein the said active mass comprises a multiplicity of unconnected pieces of said denser material.
  • the unconnected pieces are free to vibrate individually or in combination with any of the other pieces, such a system has considerably more degrees of freedom than lumped masses and thus would be effective at absorbing vibrations across a broader bandwidth, especially if pieces of differing diameter are used.
  • the pieces of said multiplicity preferably differ in size from one another.
  • the pieces of said multiplicity are surrounded by an elastomeric material, a viscous liquid or air.
  • the said pieces comprise spherical balls.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show a pair of tuned absorbers 5A, 5B embodying the present invention installed on a railway rail 1 having a head 1a, a foot 1b and an interconnecting rail web 1c.
  • the tuned absorbers 5A, 5B are shaped so that they rest on the rail foot 1b in abutment with and on either side of the rail web 1c.
  • Each tuned absorber 5A, 5B comprises an elastomeric body 6 shaped so as to fit in the space defined by the rail web and rail foot and containing three active masses 7m 1 , 7m 2 and 7m 3 and a beam 8 provided with a channel 8a on the side of the beam facing inwardly towards the rail web 1c.
  • the beam 8 On the outwardly-facing side of the elastomeric body 6 there are formed two holes 9 which extend across the elastomeric body 6 to the opposite side thereof which abuts the rail web 1c.
  • the beam 8 is also formed with correspondingly located holes (not shown). As will be explained later in more detail, these holes are provided for receiving respective studs whereby the tuned absorbers 5A, 5B may be mounted on the rail.
  • the beam 8 serves as a support for such mounting means and for the absorber itself.
  • the tuned absorber 5A' may extend across the width of the rail foot 1b. Although not shown, the tuned absorber 5A, 5A' may also extend further in an upwardly direction, unless for some reason clearance from the rail head 1a is required.
  • the channelled beam 8 being semi-rigidly attached to the rail, effectively provides an extension of the rail surface within the heart of the absorber and therefore plays a significant part in the design and efficiency of the system, changing the system from that shown in Figure 5a to that shown in Figure 5b.
  • mass 7m 2 is only softly supported in a vertical direction and will therefore have a very low resonant frequency.
  • active mass 7m 2 is supported vertically by only a very thin stiff layer of elastomeric material and hence will have a much higher resonant frequency.
  • the distribution of active masses is preferably optimised based on FE modal analysis.
  • the elastomeric material is rubber having a mass of 0.60 kg per side and the support beam mass is 0.26 kg per side, resulting in a tuned absorber having a total mass of 4.34 kg per side. If the sleeper spacing is 0.6m, the total mass is 14.47 kg/m (24% of the rail mass).
  • Such a tuned absorber would have the following natural frequencies: 720 Hz - vertical & lateral; 947 Hz - vertical & rotation; 1272 Hz - lateral; 1427 Hz - vertical bending; 1627 Hz- vertical; 1681 Hz - lateral bending; 1856 Hz - lateral bending.
  • the active masses of the tuned absorbers 5A 11 and 5B 11 could advantageously comprise a multiplicity of unconnected pieces of material rather than solid steel bars.
  • the active masses 17m 1 , 17m 2 and 17m 3 in the tuned absorbers 5A 11 and 5B 11 comprise a volume filled with small, spherical balls surrounded by a viscous liquid, elastomeric material or air.
  • the balls would be formed of a material having high density.
  • the tuned absorber 5A, 5B of Figure 2 is mounted on the rail 1 by means of a stud which passes through holes 9 in the tuned absorber 5A, 5B.
  • each stud 21 is secured to the rail web 1c by pin brazing.
  • the pin brazing process is very quick and simple. Firstly, the target areas and an earth connection point are prepared with a small grinder and the earth connection attached. An electrical brazing gun 20 provides an arc to create heat to melt brazing solder on the end of the stud 21, which is thereby brazed to the rail 1 in a matter of seconds (the brazing process being confined to the area defined by ferrule 22).
  • the holes 9 in the tuned absorber 5A, 5B are aligned with the studs 21 and the tuned absorber 5A, 5B is moved into abutment with the rail web 1c.
  • the absorber 5A, 5B is secured in position.
  • studs 21A, 21B are threaded and the absorber 5A, 5B is secured in position by respective nuts 24A, 24B.
  • the tuned absorber 5A, 5B can be removed as and when required.
  • the tuned absorber is pre-formed before attachment, it is not bonded to the rail unlike in the
  • Clip 30 is shaped so as to have two C-shaped portions 31a, 31b which extend from a portion 32 in contact with the underside of the rail, each C-shaped portion 31a, 31b having an end portion 33a, 33b for attachment to the tuned absorber 5A 111 , 5B 111 .
  • the tuned absorbers 5A 111 , 5B 111 have respective sockets 10 for receiving the ends 33a, 33b of the clip 30, the ends 33a, 33b extending at approximately 90° to the C-shaped portions 31a, 31b in opposite directions parallel to the rail.
  • the clip 30 is almost flat in the vertical plane (apart from at the ends 33a, 33b) and can therefore be used to apply a preload to each tuned absorber by being placed in a substantially flat horizontal orientation, passed under the rail foot, then rotated back into the vertical plane and pulled open.
  • the ends 33a, 33b are then released into the sockets 10.
  • the sockets 10 may be provided by shoulders built into the channel 8a of beam 8 (the orientation of which channel is reversed compared to that shown in Figure 2). If the beam 8 were not provided then sockets could be embedded into the elastomeric material. Recesses could be provided at discrete positions within the active masses to provide space for such sockets if necessary.
  • the tuned absorber 5B IV is held by means of a spring steel strap 40.
  • the strap 40 has a first portion 41 extending alongside the tuned absorber 5B IV from which there extends a locating portion 41a which locates on a casting strue 11 of one of the active masses in the tuned absorber 5B IV .
  • the strap 40 has a portion 43 which passes under the rail 1b and is connected to an over centre device 42 which locates on the foot 1b of the rail 1 on the opposite side to the tuned absorber 5B IV and can be snapped up into position so providing a compressive force on the tuned absorber 5B IV against the web 1c of the rail 1.
  • This over centre device 42 can be locked in a closed position as shown in the Figure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
EP06001300A 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs accordés pour rail de chemin de fer Withdrawn EP1657362A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0316307A GB2403759A (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 Tuned absorbers for railway rails
EP04743144A EP1651496A2 (fr) 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs adaptes pour rails de chemin de fer

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04743144A Division EP1651496A2 (fr) 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs adaptes pour rails de chemin de fer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1657362A1 true EP1657362A1 (fr) 2006-05-17

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04743144A Withdrawn EP1651496A2 (fr) 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs adaptes pour rails de chemin de fer
EP06001300A Withdrawn EP1657362A1 (fr) 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs accordés pour rail de chemin de fer

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04743144A Withdrawn EP1651496A2 (fr) 2003-07-11 2004-07-01 Amortisseurs adaptes pour rails de chemin de fer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1651496A2 (fr)
CN (2) CN1985051B (fr)
GB (1) GB2403759A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005009817A2 (fr)

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EP3190229A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-12 Polycorp Ltd. Profilé de rail anti-vibration et anti-bruit
WO2021073963A1 (fr) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-22 Stabilus Gmbh Système, procédé et élément de support pour l'amortissement actif des vibrations acoustiques d'un rail pour le trafic ferroviaire

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GB0613080D0 (en) * 2006-07-03 2006-08-09 Corus Uk Ltd Rail dampers
AU2008324609B2 (en) * 2007-11-07 2015-04-23 Wai Lun Ho Tunable vibration absorbing device
CN102373656A (zh) * 2011-11-08 2012-03-14 江阴海达橡塑股份有限公司 钢轨动力吸振器
CN102862088A (zh) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-09 芜湖市恒峰科技有限公司 一种用于发动机加工的轨道防护条
CN103335061B (zh) * 2013-07-10 2016-01-20 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 车轮吸振器
CN105507087B (zh) * 2016-01-06 2017-12-12 京投发展股份有限公司 轨腰托举式钢轨减振扣件的锁紧装置
CN106894299B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2020-07-10 上海工程技术大学 一种可拆卸的多阶谐振轨道道床动力减振组合体
CN107254814B (zh) * 2017-03-14 2023-08-29 上海工程技术大学 一种多阶剪切型钢轨动力阻尼吸振器
CN107938439A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-04-20 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 带吸振器阻尼钢轨
CN108755291B (zh) * 2018-07-06 2023-09-22 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种非对称式钢轨扣件系统
KR102171822B1 (ko) * 2018-09-06 2020-10-29 한양대학교 산학협력단 진동 저감 장치
CN109853302A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2019-06-07 同济大学 一种基于质量放大结构的钢轨阻尼器
CN110593025B (zh) * 2019-10-22 2024-03-26 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种用于波磨钢轨的动力吸振器
CN110761131B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2024-09-17 厦门振为科技有限公司 一种基于粒子阻尼的轨道线路减振扣件
CN110863396B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2022-03-04 河北路通铁路器材有限公司 一种低噪音减震铁轨
CN111620220B (zh) * 2020-01-22 2021-12-03 上海三菱电梯有限公司 减振装置及电梯装置
CN112853825B (zh) * 2021-01-13 2022-04-26 华东交通大学 一种可调准周期阻尼钢轨
CN113818290B (zh) * 2021-11-22 2022-01-28 成都中拓科技有限公司 连续支撑浮轨式扣件系统
CN114541185A (zh) * 2022-04-25 2022-05-27 成都中拓科技有限公司 一种吸振耗能减振垫板
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0150264A1 (fr) 1983-12-24 1985-08-07 Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft Rail muni de moyens d'amortissement des bruits
DE3939215A1 (de) 1989-11-28 1991-05-29 Schwartz Heinz Vorrichtung zur reduzierung von schallenergie am verkehrssystem rad/schiene
DE4000992A1 (de) 1990-01-16 1991-07-18 Phoenix Ag Schiene mit daempfungselement
DE4036124A1 (de) 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Schwartz Heinz Vorrichtung fuer die reduzierung von schallenergie am verkehrssystem rad/schiene
EP0628660A1 (fr) 1993-05-25 1994-12-14 Edilon B.V. Rail de chemin de fer
EP0758418A1 (fr) * 1995-03-06 1997-02-19 Pandrol Limited Systeme pour fixer un rail
WO1996027709A1 (fr) 1995-03-06 1996-09-12 Pandrol Limited Systeme pour fixer un rail
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EP3190229A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-12 Polycorp Ltd. Profilé de rail anti-vibration et anti-bruit
US10487456B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2019-11-26 Polycorp Ltd. Special trackwork assembly
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CN1985051B (zh) 2011-08-17
CN1985051A (zh) 2007-06-20
CN101100834A (zh) 2008-01-09
GB0316307D0 (en) 2003-08-13
WO2005009817A3 (fr) 2007-02-01
EP1651496A2 (fr) 2006-05-03
GB2403759A (en) 2005-01-12
WO2005009817A2 (fr) 2005-02-03

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