EP1649945B1 - Bohr-/walzverfahren bei der herstellung von nahtlosen rohren - Google Patents

Bohr-/walzverfahren bei der herstellung von nahtlosen rohren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1649945B1
EP1649945B1 EP04745554A EP04745554A EP1649945B1 EP 1649945 B1 EP1649945 B1 EP 1649945B1 EP 04745554 A EP04745554 A EP 04745554A EP 04745554 A EP04745554 A EP 04745554A EP 1649945 B1 EP1649945 B1 EP 1649945B1
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Prior art keywords
diameter
roll
piercing
ratio
expansion ratio
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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EP1649945A1 (de
EP1649945A4 (de
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Chihiro Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. HAYASHI
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
    • B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
    • B21B19/04—Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing, e.g. rotary piercing mills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for piercing a billet in the manufacturing process of a seamless pipe. More specifically, it relates to a piercing method, capable of manufacturing a thin-walled hollow piece from a billet, at a high working ratio.
  • the most commonly adapted methods for manufacturing seamless pipes are the Mannesmann-plug mill method and Mannesmann-mandrel mill method. These methods comprise processes of piercing a solid billet, which is heated to a predetermined temperature in a furnace, by a piercer in order to form a bar-like hollow piece, working the hollow piece into a hollow piece by reducing mainly the wall thickness thereof by an elongator such as a plug mill or a mandrel mill, and then working the hollow piece into a seamless pipe of a predetermined size by reducing mainly the outer diameter thereof by a reducing mill such as a sizer or stretch reducer.
  • the present invention relates to the first process, that is the piercing process among the above processes.
  • the invention of the patent document 1 (hereinafter referred to as the first prior invention) relates to a method for manufacturing a seamless pipe, characterized by keeping the relationship between a feed angle ⁇ of both-ends-supported cone-type main rolls installed so they are opposed laterally or vertically across a pass line for passing a billet and a hollow piece, and a cross angle ⁇ of the main rolls within the range of the following expressions (1) to (3); by setting the relationship of the diameter "d 0 " of a solid billet with the outer diameter "d" and thickness "t” of the hollow piece after piercing, so as to satisfy the following expression (4); and by setting the piercing ratio to 4.0 or more, and the pipe expansion ratio to 1.15 or more or the "wall thickness/outer diameter” ratio to 6.5 or less.
  • the feed angle ⁇ is an angle of the axial line of the rolls to a horizontal plane or a vertical plane of the pass line.
  • the method of the first prior invention is adapted to suppress rotary forging effects and an redundant shear strain, which dominantly occur in the piercing process, particularly in the thin-walled piercing process with a high working ratio, as much as possible by holding the feed angle ⁇ and the cross angle ⁇ of the rolls in the proper ranges, whereby the inner surface flaw or lamination at the thickness center, which occurs in a pipe made of stainless steel or high-alloy steel, is prevented.
  • This method is also adapted to reduce operational trouble such as flaring or peeling of a pipe wall or tail clogging, by making the distribution of circumferential strain ⁇ ⁇ and radial strain ⁇ r appropriately in order to satisfy the relationship of the above-mentioned expression (4).
  • the first prior invention made it possible to produce a pipe of a difficult-to-work material, which used to be produced by the Ugine-Sejournet extrusion process, by the Mannesmann pipe making process.
  • the first prior invention provided a process for thin-walled piercing with a high working ratio, and also skipping or shortening the succeeding elongating process and reducing process. Accordingly, this invention significantly contributed to streamlining the manufacturing process of the seamless pipes.
  • Mannesmann-plug mill system is the system that includes the processing by the Mannesmann piercer, a rotary enlogator, a plug mill, a reeler and a sizer.
  • the Mannesmann-mandrel mill system is a system includes the processing by the Mannesmann piercer, a mandrel mill and a stretch reducer.
  • the cross piercing mill was also introduced one after another.
  • the use of the cross piercing mill has definite operational advantages such as integration of the billet size and the shortening of preparation time, since the so-called "size-free rolling" for manufacturing many sizes of hollow pieces from a single size billet can be carried out only by replacing the plug.
  • Patent Document 2 The invention of Patent Document 2 (hereinafter referred to as the second prior invention) was attained with the intention of optimizing the relationship between the diameter of a cone-type main roll and the diameter of a solid billet.
  • the diameter of the gorge part of the cone-type main roll i.e. the roll gorge diameter, D g and the billet diameter d 0 are set so as to satisfy the following expression (a). 2.5 ⁇ D g / d 0 ⁇ 4.5
  • the inlet-side and the outlet-side roll shaft diameters should be minimized due to the roll structure. This causes lack of strength in the bearings which support the roll shaft. In case of the cone-type roll, particularly, the fatigue strength of the inlet-side bearing becomes insufficient, causing a problem of durability. Accordingly, excessive minimization of the roll gorge diameter cannot be recommended in practical operation.
  • a piercing method for manufacturing a seamless pipe that comprises;
  • the feed angle ⁇ is an angle of the axial line of the roll to a horizontal plane or vertical plane of the pass line.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is an angle of the axial line of the roll to a vertical plane or horizontal plane of the pass line.
  • the relationship of the inlet diameter D 1 and the outlet diameter D 2 of the main rolls with the above do, d and ⁇ desirably satisfies the following expression (6).
  • the effect of the method of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained in a piercing with a piercing ratio of 4.0 or more, a pipe expansion ratio of 1.15 or more or a "wall thickness/outer diameter ratio" of a hollow piece of 6.5 or less, where the rotary forging effects and the redundant deformation become noticeable.
  • the range of the ratio of radial logarithmic strain ⁇ r to circumferential logarithmic strain ⁇ ⁇ is the same as in the invention of said Patent Document 1. This is based on the principle of how the rolling reduction in piercing is distributed in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction, and the deviation from the principle causes flaring (lapping phenomenon) or peeling of the pipe wall or tail clogging, which may stop the piercing operation itself.
  • a main characteristic of the present invention is based on a fact wherein the roll shape relative to the billet diameter has significant influence mainly on the rotary forging effects. This was found by the present inventor and will be described below.
  • a barrel width ratio "L 1 /L 2 " may also be regarded as an index.
  • L 1 is the inlet-side barrel width across the gorge position of the roll shown in Fig.1 , i.e., the distance from a roll biting start point of the pipe material to the roll gorge.
  • L 2 is the outlet-side barrel width.
  • this ratio has no direct relationship with the rotary forging effects or the redundant shear deformation, and the proper range thereof was determined from another viewpoint. It is a general practice to add an unnecessary margin to the barrel width; and therefore it is difficult to define the barrel width ratio per se.
  • the roll diameter expansion ratio "D 2 /D 1 becomes larger as the roll cross angle ⁇ becomes larger, it results in a further sharpened cone shape.
  • the roll diameter expansion ratio "D 2 /D 1 " inevitably becomes smaller as the pipe expansion ratio "d/d 0 " of the pipe material is larger.
  • roll design must be performed so as to give a proper "D 2 /D 1 ", considering "d/d 0 ", and the difficulty of the roll design depends on this point.
  • the roll design must be made from the point of diminishing the rotary forging effects in front of a plug in piercing and also minimizing the redundant shear deformation typified by the circumferential shear strain ⁇ r ⁇ after piercing, since the embitterment of the pipe material by the rotary forging effects causes inner surface flaw on the pipe, and the redundant shear deformation is a factor of propagating the inner surface flaw.
  • the present inventor made experiments of piercing a carbon steel billet as a sample using an experimental cross piercing mill while variously changing the roll shape in order to examine the influence of the roll shape on the rotary forging effects and the redundant shear strain in detail.
  • the experimental conditions are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the wall thickness t of the hollow piece after piercing was set so as to have a "wall thickness/outer diameter" ratio, i.e., (t/d) ⁇ 100, of 2.5 to 3 %.
  • the influence of the roll shape on the rotary forging effects was evaluated by stopping the main rolls and the disk roll in the middle of piercing in order to form "intermediate-stop material", and then collecting a sheet-like small tensile test piece with parallel length of 25 mm and a thickness of 3 mm in the diameter direction (the direction of a guide), right-angled to the axial direction from the tip of the plug. Then perform a tensile test at room temperature in order to examine the influence of the roll shape on the reduction of area (%). The rotary forging effects appear more clearly in the reduction of area (%) than in elongation (%) of the tensile test.
  • a measurement of the circumferential shear strain ⁇ r ⁇ for the redundant shear strain was carried out by a pin burying method. Namely, a plurality of pins were buried parallel to the axis along the diameter of a solid billet, and the circumferential shear strain ⁇ r ⁇ of the hollow piece after piercing was measured across the hollow piece.
  • the reduction of area can be set larger as the pipe expansion ratio "d/d 0 " is smaller, or the diameter expansion ratio "D 2 /D 1 " is larger. Namely, the rotary forging effects can be diminished. In other words, the range of the feed angle ⁇ , where the reduction of area of the pipe material in front of the plug is larger than that of the material steel, can be extended.
  • the circumferential shear strain can be minimized as the pipe expansion ratio is smaller, or the diameter expansion ratio is larger. Namely, the redundant shear strain can be suppressed. Accordingly, even with an increased pipe expansion ratio, the circumferential shear strain never becomes too large if the roll shape, with a sufficiently large roll cross angle ⁇ , is ensured to increase the diameter expansion ratio.
  • the roll outlet diameter D 2 gets close to the gorge diameter D g , due to an extremely minimized diameter expansion ratio for ensuring the pipe expansion ratio. Therefore reduction in outlet-side circumferential speed of the rolls at a pipe material separation point weakens an effect of drawing the pipe material to the outlet side. This makes the slip phenomenon between the roll and the pipe material noticeable.
  • the slip phenomenon is also affected by the billet diameter, in which the slip is also increased on the inlet side, and therefore the rotary forging effects begin to appear due to an increase in the rotary forging frequency, and the range of the feed angle ⁇ , which makes the pipe material in front of the plug more brittle than the material steel, is extended.
  • the rotary forging frequency is the number of the revolutions of the billet from the time when it is bitten by the rolls to the time when it is carried to the plug tip.
  • the redundant shear strain begins to obviously appear.
  • An extreme example of this is a case wherein the roll outlet diameter D 2 gets close to the inlet diameter D 1 .
  • the "redundant shear strain” is the generic name of circumferential shear strain ⁇ r ⁇ , the shear strain due to surface twist ⁇ ⁇ 1 , and the longitudinal shear strain y 1r .
  • Fig.6 is a graph showing the relationship between the roll shape index "(d/d 0 )/(D 2 /D 1 )", the pipe expansion ratio "d/d 0 " and the cross angle ⁇ .
  • d/d 0 remains as a parameter with "(d/d 0 )/(D 2 /D 1 )" as the ordinate and ⁇ as the abscissa respectively
  • the condition giving a proper roll shape can be expressed by the following one inequality.
  • the following expression (5) is derived therefrom. d / d 0 / 0.75 + 0.025 ⁇ ⁇ D 2 / D 1
  • D 1 and D 2 are respectively the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of a cone-type main roll with the condition that the pipe material is bitten at an inlet surface of the main roll and separated from the roll at an outlet surface. More precisely, the diameter of the main roll in a position where the billet is bitten by the rolls is D 1 , and the main roll diameter in a position where the hollow piece is separated from the rolls is D 2 .
  • the barrel width L is a total of L 1 and L 2 in Fig.1 . Addition of a margin to the barrel width beyond necessity leads to excessive enlargement of the whole structure of the mill Accordingly, the inlet-side barrel width L 1 should be determined within a range which never impairs the stability of biting.
  • the outlet-side barrel width L 2 should be determined in consideration of the reeling frequency of the finishing process.
  • the barrel width ratio "L 2 /L 1 " is preferably set within the following range. 1.0 ⁇ L 2 / L 1 ⁇ 2.0
  • a billet, having a diameter of 60 mm, made of 18%Cr-8%Ni austenitic stainless steel was used as a sample, and a high working ratio and a thin wall piercing with a pipe expansion ratio of 1.5 was carried out by use of a guide shoe.
  • the heating temperature of the billet was 1250°C. Needless to say, the hot workability of the stainless steel is very poor compared with that of carbon steel.
  • the piercing could be performed without causing flaring or peeling. Since the roll shape was also made properly, inner surface flaws or lamination was not observed even if a high working ratio and ultra-thin wall piercing of the difficult-to-work material were used.
  • High-alloy steel is poorer in hot workability than stainless steel, and frequently causes lamination at a piercing temperature which exceeds 1275°C.
  • a billet, having diameter of 70 mm, made of 25%Cr-35%Ni-3Mo high-alloy steel was used as a sample, and the high working ratio and thin wall piercing, with a pipe expansion ratio of 2 was carried out at a temperature of 1200°C by use of a disk roll.
  • the piercing could be carried out without any problems, even in the high working ratio and the ultra-thin wall piercing of the difficult-to-work material.
  • the relationship between the pipe expansion ratio of the pipe material and the diameter expansion ratio of the cone-type main roll is correctly made. Accordingly, the rotary forging effects in the piercing process can be noticeably suppressed to definitely inhibit the inner surface flaws or lamination which is apt to occur in the high working ratio and thin wall piercing rolling of a difficult-to-work material, such as stainless steel or a high-alloy steel. According to the method of the present invention, pipe expansion piercing can be performed up to a pipe expansion ratio of 2.0.
  • the present inventor has proposed a high-cross-angle piercing method in order to diminish the rotary forging effects and suppress the redundant shear strain, and further achieved some other inventions.
  • the higher cross angle is a necessary condition for diminishing the rotary forging effects and suppressing the redundant shearing deformation, but not a sufficient condition.
  • the necessary and sufficient condition is optimization of the roll shape, and the higher cross angle is a necessary condition for the optimization of the roll shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Pilgerverfahren zum Herstellen eines nahtlosen Rohrs, das umfasst:
    - Halten eines Vorschubwinkels β und eines Kreuzwinkels γ beider Enden, die durch konusartige Hauptwalzen unterstützt sind, die so vorgesehen sind, dass sie seitlich oder vertikal über eine Durchgangslinie in einem Bereich, der die folgenden Ausdrücke (1) bis (3) erfüllt, einander gegenüberliegen;
    - Setzen der Beziehung zwischen dem Außendurchmesser "d0" eines festen Barrens und dem Außendurchmesser "d" und der Dicke "t" eines Hohlteils nach dem Pilgern, um den folgenden Ausdruck (4) zu erfüllen: 8 ⁢ ° ≤ β ≤ 20 ⁢ °
    Figure imgb0028
     5 ⁢ ° ≤ γ ≤ 35 ⁢ °
    Figure imgb0029
     15 ⁢ ° ≤ β + γ ≤ 50 ⁢ °
    Figure imgb0030
     1 , 5 ≤ - Ψ r / Ψ θ ≤ 4 , 5 ,
    Figure imgb0031
    wobei im Ausdruck (4) Ψr = In(2t/d0) und Ψθ = In{2(d - t)/d0}; und gekennzeichnet durch
    - Setzen der Beziehung zwischen dem Einlassdurchmesser D1 und dem Auslassdurchmesser D2 der Hauptwalzen mit den oben erwähnten Größen "d0", "d" und γ, um den folgenden Ausdruck (5) zu erfüllen. d / d 0 / 0 , 75 + 0 , 025 ⁢ γ ≤ D 2 / D 1
    Figure imgb0032
  2. Pilgerverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Beziehung zwischen dem Einlassdurchmesser D1 und dem Auslassdurchmesser D2 der Hauptwalzen mit den oben erwähnten Größen "D0", "D" und γ die folgende Beziehung (6) erfüllt: D 2 / D 1 ≤ d / d 0 / 1 , 0 - 0 , 0027 ⁢ γ .
    Figure imgb0033
  3. Pilgerverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Pilgern mit einem Pilgerverhältnis von 4,0 oder mehr und mit einem Rohrdehnungsverhältnis von 1,15 oder mehr oder einem "Wanddicken/Außendurchmesser"-Verhältnis des hohlen Teils von 6,5 oder weniger ausgeführt wird.
EP04745554A 2003-06-06 2004-06-03 Bohr-/walzverfahren bei der herstellung von nahtlosen rohren Expired - Lifetime EP1649945B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003162416 2003-06-06
PCT/JP2004/007698 WO2004108310A1 (ja) 2003-06-06 2004-06-03 継目無管の製造における穿孔圧延方法

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EP1649945A1 EP1649945A1 (de) 2006-04-26
EP1649945A4 EP1649945A4 (de) 2007-04-18
EP1649945B1 true EP1649945B1 (de) 2011-01-26

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EP (1) EP1649945B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4196991B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100509192C (de)
DE (1) DE602004031232D1 (de)
RU (1) RU2309810C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2004108310A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1946859A1 (de) 2004-01-16 2008-07-23 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung von nahtlosen Rohren oder Röhren
CA2633376C (en) * 2006-08-14 2010-02-23 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Process for manufacturing a seamless tube
JP5003151B2 (ja) 2006-12-28 2012-08-15 住友金属工業株式会社 高Ｃｒ−高Ｎｉ基合金鋼からなる継目無鋼管の製造方法
CN101708511B (zh) * 2007-12-13 2011-09-28 攀钢集团四川长城特殊钢有限责任公司 纯钛无缝管的制造方法
JP5177261B2 (ja) * 2011-08-01 2013-04-03 新日鐵住金株式会社 強度と低温靱性に優れた継目無鋼管の制御圧延方法
JP5858206B1 (ja) * 2014-03-19 2016-02-10 新日鐵住金株式会社 継目無金属管の製造方法
CN105170654B (zh) * 2015-09-15 2019-04-16 鑫鹏源智能装备集团有限公司 具有穿轧一体功能辊型的多功能轧机

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA919958A (en) * 1969-11-05 1973-01-30 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Piercing rolling apparatus for producing rolled material free from surface torsion
JPS6059042B2 (ja) * 1981-04-10 1985-12-23 住友金属工業株式会社 継目無鋼管の製造方法
JPS63238909A (ja) * 1987-03-27 1988-10-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 継目無管の製造方法
DE3844802C2 (de) * 1987-03-27 1995-05-11 Sumitomo Metal Ind Verfahren zum Herstellen nahtloser Rohre
JPH084811B2 (ja) * 1987-05-29 1996-01-24 住友金属工業株式会社 継目無管の穿孔方法
JPS6431505A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-02-01 Sumitomo Metal Ind Piercing method for seamless pipe
JP2996077B2 (ja) * 1993-11-02 1999-12-27 住友金属工業株式会社 継目無金属管の穿孔圧延方法
EP0754503B1 (de) * 1995-01-10 2002-04-03 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum lochen nahtloser rohre
US5699690A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-12-23 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Method and apparatus for manufacturing hollow steel bars

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Publication number Publication date
WO2004108310A1 (ja) 2004-12-16
CN100509192C (zh) 2009-07-08
RU2309810C2 (ru) 2007-11-10
DE602004031232D1 (de) 2011-03-10
JP4196991B2 (ja) 2008-12-17
EP1649945A1 (de) 2006-04-26
RU2005141132A (ru) 2006-06-27
CN1795060A (zh) 2006-06-28
EP1649945A4 (de) 2007-04-18
JPWO2004108310A1 (ja) 2006-07-20

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