EP1555330B1 - Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces - Google Patents

Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1555330B1
EP1555330B1 EP05008611A EP05008611A EP1555330B1 EP 1555330 B1 EP1555330 B1 EP 1555330B1 EP 05008611 A EP05008611 A EP 05008611A EP 05008611 A EP05008611 A EP 05008611A EP 1555330 B1 EP1555330 B1 EP 1555330B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
chamber
transport chamber
treatment
transport
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP05008611A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1555330A3 (fr
EP1555330A2 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Müller-Ziller
Franz Bless
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ipsen International GmbH
Original Assignee
Ipsen International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by Ipsen International GmbH filed Critical Ipsen International GmbH
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Publication of EP1555330A3 publication Critical patent/EP1555330A3/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for transporting metallic workpieces, in particular during a heat treatment, with a transport chamber for receiving the workpieces, means for loading and unloading the workpieces and a transport chamber moving chassis, wherein the transport chamber is horizontally movable, vacuum-tight and formed on a Workpieces can be evacuated from environmental influences protective vacuum and contains a horizontal batch loading and unloading.
  • the invention further relates to a plant for heat treatment of metallic workpieces, which has at least two treatment chambers in which the workpieces are heat-treatable.
  • the invention has to do with a method for transporting metal workpieces during a heat treatment in which the workpieces are transported in a heat-insulated transport chamber between at least two treatment chambers, in which the workpieces are heat-treatable.
  • metallic workpieces are usually subjected to a thermal or thermochemical heat treatment.
  • the result of the heat treatment is a modified material structure, which gives the workpieces the required properties.
  • the atmosphere in which the heat treatment is carried out is, in addition to the general process parameters, pressure, Temperature and duration of treatment also the atmosphere in which the heat treatment is carried out.
  • a number of procedures are known in which the workpieces are exposed to different atmospheres to achieve the desired treatment result.
  • the workpieces are successively fed to several treatment chambers of a heat treatment plant.
  • the individual treatment chambers are for this purpose usually by a transfer lock, which protects the workpieces during transport from environmental influences, which would adversely affect the previously achieved treatment result, connected to each other.
  • the transfer lock can be acted upon either with a protective gas atmosphere, as known, for example, from DE-A-43 16 841, or can be evacuated, as proposed in FR-A-2 771 754.
  • a heat treatment plant which comprises a vacuum furnace, a lock and a mobile transport chamber.
  • the transport chamber can be coupled via the lock to the vacuum furnace.
  • the heat-insulated to the outside and provided with a hermetically sealed door transport chamber also has a heater for heating the workpieces and a conveyor for loading and unloading of the workpieces.
  • the transport chamber is coupled to the lock and preheated. Subsequently, both the lock and the transport chamber with an inert gas to a pressure greater than the Ambient pressure flooded to prevent air from entering the lock or transport chamber from the outside.
  • the workpieces in the vacuum furnace are then cooled to the temperature prevailing in the transport chamber, and the vacuum furnace is also flooded with inert gas. After the same pressure level is reached in the vacuum furnace and in the lock or transport chamber, the door of the vacuum furnace is opened and the workpieces by means of the conveyor of the transport chamber in this loaded.
  • FR-A-2 782 156 a generic device for transporting metallic workpieces is known, provided with a transport chamber for receiving the workpieces, means for loading and unloading of the workpieces and a transport chamber moving chassis is, wherein the transport chamber is horizontally movable, vacuum-tight and can be evacuated to a workpieces from environmental influences protective vacuum and a horizontal batch loading and unloading device contains.
  • the transport chamber is not formed thermally insulated.
  • the temperature within the transport chamber of the device known from FR-A-2 782 156 can not be kept constant, so that it can disadvantageously lead to undesirable temperature drops within the transport chamber.
  • the previously known from FR-A-2,782,156 device is not suitable for the transport of during a heat treatment before Termperaturschwankache to be protected workpieces.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method for transporting metallic workpieces and a plant for heat treatment of these workpieces, while also easy to repair and maintain in a relatively flexible and efficient way transporting the workpieces between multiple treatment chambers during a heat treatment in the Allow high temperature range.
  • the transport chamber is heated and provided with a replaceable thermal insulation.
  • a device designed in this way offers a flexible transport of the workpieces during a heat treatment compared to the stationary transfer locks known in the prior art.
  • individual treatment chambers of a heat treatment plant for maintenance or repair work can be excluded from the process cycle without the other treatment chambers being affected as a result.
  • the extension of an existing heat treatment plant to additional treatment chambers is possible with the device according to the invention without much effort.
  • such a device recognizes the fact that a much more efficient process can be achieved if, instead of floating with inert gas, a vacuum is generated in the transport chamber to the workpieces against unwanted environmental influences, such as by the supply of Oxygen-related oxidation, to protect.
  • a vacuum is generated in the transport chamber to the workpieces against unwanted environmental influences, such as by the supply of Oxygen-related oxidation, to protect.
  • the device according to the invention it is thus possible with the device according to the invention to continue the heat treatment during the transport of the workpieces to a next treatment chamber in the transport chamber, without a noticeable temperature change occurring.
  • the device according to the invention is therefore also characterized by the fact that it is particularly suitable for heat treatment processes that take place in the high temperature range.
  • the device is provided with a vacuum pump for evacuating the transport chamber.
  • a vacuum pump for evacuating the transport chamber.
  • the transport chamber can be evacuated even during transport. This comes into play, for example, when loading the Workpieces from a processing chamber into the transport chamber, the atmosphere in the processing chamber is allowed to expand into the transport chamber to continue the heat treatment in this atmosphere during transport until just before reaching the next treatment chamber.
  • the transport chamber already counteracts due to their thermal insulation temperature drop of the workpieces, which is usually sufficient for short transport routes, it may be necessary in cases of heat treatment at high temperatures to keep the workpieces by an additional heat to the desired temperature.
  • it has been found to provide the transport chamber with a replaceable thermal insulation. Such insulation can be freely exchanged for repair and maintenance purposes.
  • the insulation is made of steel, for example a chromium-nickel steel.
  • the transport chamber is provided with a hermetically closing loading door, which can be actuated by a drive to ensure an automatic docking of the transport chamber to a treatment chamber.
  • a hermetically closing loading door which can be actuated by a drive to ensure an automatic docking of the transport chamber to a treatment chamber.
  • the landing gear so as to allow the device to be turned on the spot.
  • the suspension is depending on the operational requirement rail-bound or freely steered by embedded in the ground induction loops.
  • Such a heat treatment system makes use of the advantages resulting in connection with the previously described device for transporting metallic workpieces.
  • By providing the lock This ensures that the workpieces protected against environmental influences between a treatment chamber and the transport chamber can be shipped.
  • the heat treatment plant according to the invention is characterized by great flexibility in terms of the transport of the workpieces between the individual treatment chambers, which also allows a relatively high throughput and thus achieve an efficient process in economic terms.
  • the lock In order to ensure a compact and relatively lightweight design of the transport chamber, it is expedient to arrange the lock stationary on the treatment chamber. This has the consequence that a lock is to be provided on each treatment chamber. In general, however, the lock can also be designed as an integrated part of the transport chamber or even mobile. Although the latter embodiment is associated with a higher design effort, but offers about when the heat treatment plant has a large number of treatment chambers, each with long residence times of the workpieces, so that a mobile lock can be used in time unproblematically for several treatment chambers ,
  • the lock is separately evacuated, so that it is independent of the type of the respective treatment chamber, such as vacuum oven or atmospheric oven to operate.
  • the lock is evacuated by a vacuum pump arranged on the transport chamber.
  • the lock has a drive, through which the loading door of the transport chamber can be actuated. This contributes to a particularly lightweight design of the transport chamber and thus at a relatively low cost for the promotion of workpieces between the individual treatment chambers.
  • the treatment chamber is expediently a vacuum furnace, an atmospheric furnace or a cooling chamber.
  • the solution to the above problem in a method having the features mentioned is characterized in that the vacuum-tight transport chamber is evacuated to a workpieces from environmental influences protective vacuum and the workpieces are transported in this vacuum from one treatment chamber to the next.
  • the transport of the workpieces in an evacuated to a predetermined vacuum transport chamber has been found to be extremely advantageous, especially for the transport of heated to a relatively high temperature, for example, 1000 ° C workpieces.
  • transport of the workpieces in an atmosphere of inert gas can be avoided in this way namely often unwanted temperature drop.
  • the method according to the invention is further proposed to couple the transport chamber by means of a lock to the respective treatment chamber to use the advantages described above. Finally, it is proposed to evacuate the lock separately to ensure a rapid coupling of the transport chamber.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1a for transporting metallic workpieces 20 has a heat-insulated to the outside and vacuum-tight, cylindrical transport chamber 10 for receiving the assembled into a batch of workpieces 20 and a transport chamber 10 moving chassis 30.
  • the device is also provided with means 40 for loading and unloading the workpieces 20, which have a horizontally movable pawl 41.
  • the pawl 41 can move by means of a forward and retractable print chain 43 in the horizontal direction, the leadership of the empty strand is made in a vertically arranged receptacle 42. In this way, it is ensured that all Startraczar braking operations with respect to a reliable transport of the workpieces 20 from the transport chamber 10 into a treatment chamber 50 or vice versa soft run.
  • the transport chamber 10 has a flange 11 for a vacuum pump, not shown.
  • the heat-treated workpieces 20 located in the transport chamber 10 are protected from environmental influences, such as an undesired oxidation-inducing oxygen supply.
  • the transport chamber 10 is provided with an exchangeable thermal insulation 12 of, for example, chromium-nickel steel and additionally has heating elements 14 connected to a current feedthrough 13.
  • the Heating elements 14 allow heating of the empty transport chamber 10 to about 1000 ° C in no time at a control temperature of about ⁇ 5 ° C.
  • the transport chamber 10 On its front side, the transport chamber 10 is provided with a hermetically closing loading door 15, which can be raised in the vertical direction by a drive 16, which in the present case is hydraulically movable, depending on the application, but also electrically or pneumatically actuated.
  • a drive 16 which in the present case is hydraulically movable, depending on the application, but also electrically or pneumatically actuated.
  • the loading door 15 moves in a double-walled portal 17, on whose side facing away from the transport chamber 10 coupling means 18 are arranged.
  • the transport chamber 10 With the aid of the coupling means 18, the transport chamber 10 can be vacuum-tight dock to a lock 60 only hinted.
  • the provided with wheels 31 chassis 30 of the device is driven by a driven by means of an inverter and thus soft starting or braking gear motor.
  • the positioning speed of about ⁇ 1 mm permitting travel speed of the freely traveling in all directions and rotating on the ground chassis 30 is only between 0.01 m / s and 0.03 m / s, so that additional protective measures, such as a Grid arrangement are dispensable.
  • safety devices are provided to trigger an emergency stop when hitting an obstacle.
  • rails 32 are also arranged, through which the transport chamber 10 is movable relative to the chassis 30 over a distance of about 200 mm. The transport chamber 10 is moved by a hydraulic cylinder, not shown.
  • the transport chamber 10 of the transport device 70 is moved over the sluice 60 which is stationarily arranged in front of each treatment chamber 50 coupled to the vacuum preheat chamber 50a.
  • the lock 60 and the transport chamber 10 is evacuated. Then, the doors of the vacuum preheating chamber 50a and the lock 60 and the loading door 15 of the transport chamber 10 are opened and the workpieces 20 are transported by means of the loading fork 41 into the transport chamber 10.
  • the transport chamber 10 is transported to one of the vacuum carburizing chambers 50b.
  • the thermal insulation 13 and the heating elements 14 thereby ensure that the workpieces 20 experience no temperature loss.
  • After reaching the position of the corresponding carburizing 50 b opens a second door of the loading door 15 on rails 71 linearly movable transport device 70, and the workpieces 20 are moved over the standing in this treatment chamber 50 lock 60 by means of the loading fork 41 into the carburizing 50 b.
  • the sequence described above is repeated in a corresponding manner.
  • the respective separately evacuated designed locks 60 help that the workpieces 20 without much loss of time between Treatment chambers 50 can be transported, which, such as the carburizing 50b and the diffusion chambers 50c, accommodate different atmospheres, while ensuring that the workpieces 20 are transported in the environmental protection protective vacuum inside the transport chamber 10.
  • the workpieces 20 leave the gas quenching chamber 50d via a conveyor belt 52 which, depending on the type of heat treatment, conveys the workpieces 20 to a tempering furnace 53 and to a cooling tunnel 54 adjoining this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Dispositif de transport de pièces métalliques (20), en particulier pendant un traitement thermique, avec une chambre de transport (10) destinée à recevoir les pièces (20), des moyens (40) pour charger et décharger les pièces (20) et un train de roulement (30) qui déplace la chambre de transport (10) à l'horizontale, dans lequel la chambre de transport (10) est conçue pour être mobile horizontalement et étanche au vide et un vide protégeant les pièces (20) des influences de l'environnement peut y être créé, et elle contient un dispositif horizontal de chargement et de déchargement par lots, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) peut être chauffée et est dotée d'une isolation thermique interchangeable (12).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pompe à vide pour faire le vide dans la chambre de transport (10).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'isolation thermique interchangeable (12) est faite d'acier.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) est munie d'une porte de chargement (15) fermant hermétiquement, qui peut être actionnée par un entraînement (16).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) possède une porte de montage fermant hermétiquement.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) et le train de roulement (30) sont mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) est disposée sur le train de roulement (30) de façon à pouvoir basculer horizontalement ou se déplacer en ligne droite dans le sens horizontal et/ou vertical.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le train de roulement (30) est conçu pour pouvoir tourner sur place.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le train de roulement (30) peut être guidé par des rails ou par des boucles d'induction formées dans le sol ou librement.
  10. Installation pour le traitement thermique de pièces métalliques (20) avec au moins deux chambres de traitement (50) recevant les charges à l'horizontale, dans lesquelles les pièces (20) peuvent être soumises à un traitement thermique, caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 peut être couplé à la chambre de traitement (50) au moyen d'un sas (60) dans lequel un vide peut être créé.
  11. Installation selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le sas (60) est disposé à demeure sur la chambre de traitement (50).
  12. Installation selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que le vide peut être créé séparément dans le sas (60).
  13. Installation selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée en ce que le sas (60) possède un entraînement qui peut actionner la porte de chargement (15) de la chambre de transport (10).
  14. Installation selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de traitement (50) est un four à vide, un four à atmosphère ou une chambre de refroidissement.
  15. Procédé pour le transport de pièces métalliques (20) pendant un traitement thermique dans lequel les pièces (20) sont transportées dans une chambre de transport (10) calorifugée, mobile horizontalement entre au moins deux chambres de traitement (50) à chargement horizontal dans lesquelles les pièces (20) sont soumises à un traitement thermique, caractérisé en ce qu'un vide protégeant les pièces (20) des influences de l'environnement est établi dans la chambre de transport (10) étanche au vide et les pièces (20) sont transportées dans ce vide d'une chambre de traitement (50) à la suivante tout en étant maintenues à la température de traitement sans baisse notable de la température.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de transport (10) est couplée au moyen d'un sas (60) à chaque chambre de traitement (50).
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le vide est fait séparément dans le sas (60).
EP05008611A 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces Revoked EP1555330B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01101852A EP1229137B1 (fr) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01101852A Division EP1229137B1 (fr) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1555330A2 EP1555330A2 (fr) 2005-07-20
EP1555330A3 EP1555330A3 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP1555330B1 true EP1555330B1 (fr) 2007-05-09

Family

ID=8176310

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01101852A Expired - Lifetime EP1229137B1 (fr) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces
EP05008611A Revoked EP1555330B1 (fr) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces

Family Applications Before (1)

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EP01101852A Expired - Lifetime EP1229137B1 (fr) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Installation et procédé pour transporter des pièces métalliques ainsi qu'une installation pour le traitement thermique de ces pièces

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6749800B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1229137B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1374408A (fr)
AT (2) ATE362000T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE50110689D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2270907T3 (fr)

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PL228603B1 (pl) * 2015-02-04 2018-04-30 Seco/Warwick Spolka Akcyjna Piec wielokomorowy do nawęglania próżniowego i hartowania kół zębatych, wałków, pierścieni i tym podobnych detali
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CN1374408A (zh) 2002-10-16
ES2285597T3 (es) 2007-11-16
US6749800B2 (en) 2004-06-15
DE50110689D1 (de) 2006-09-21
EP1555330A3 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP1555330A2 (fr) 2005-07-20
US20020146659A1 (en) 2002-10-10
EP1229137A1 (fr) 2002-08-07
ES2270907T3 (es) 2007-04-16
ATE335859T1 (de) 2006-09-15
DE50112495D1 (de) 2007-06-21
EP1229137B1 (fr) 2006-08-09
ATE362000T1 (de) 2007-06-15

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