Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
  • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
  • C04B22/085—Acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen in the anion, e.g. nitrites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
  • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
  • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
  • C04B2103/0071—Phase-change materials, e.g. latent heat storage materials used in concrete compositions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to phase change materials (PCM) for storing thermal energy in the form of phase change heat based on ternary mixtures, composed of water and two salts from the group zinc nitrate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, their production and their use.
• PCM phase change materials
• Heat exchangers are usually used for this. They contain heat transfer media that transport heat from one place or medium to another. To dissipate heat peaks e.g. the heat is released into the air via a heat exchanger. However, this heat is then no longer available to compensate for heat deficits. The use of heat stores solves this problem.
• Known storage media are e.g. Water or stones / concrete to store sensible (“sensitive”) heat or phase change materials (PCM) such as salts, salt hydrates or their mixtures to store heat in the form of heat of fusion (“latent" heat).
• sensitive sensible
• PCM phase change materials
• a higher temperature is required for charging a heat store than can be obtained during unloading, since a temperature difference is required for the transport of heat.
• the quality of the heat depends on the temperature at which it is available again: the higher the temperature, the more versatile the heat can be used. For this reason, it is desirable that the temperature level drop as little as possible during storage.
• latent heat storage In the case of sensitive heat storage (e.g. by heating water), the entry of heat is associated with a constant heating of the storage material (and vice versa during unloading), while latent heat is stored and discharged at the melting temperature of the PCM. Compared to sensitive heat storage, latent heat storage therefore has the advantage that the temperature loss is limited to the loss during heat transport from and to the storage.
• Inorganic salts and in particular their hydrates, are known to be substances with the highest specific heat of fusion and thus favored as latent heat storage (PCM).
• PCM latent heat storage
• their technical use depends on a number of other properties, such as supercooling and stratification, which greatly limits the use of the few PCMs known to date.
• Paraffin is problematic in the construction sector due to its flammability.
• the inorganic materials show strong stratification (incongruent
• PCM Phase Change Materials
• the present invention relates to an agent for storing heat, containing ternary mixtures, composed of water and two salts of the group lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate.
• the invention also relates to ternary mixtures selected from the group consisting of zinc nitrate-lithium nitrate-water, zinc nitrate-calcium nitrate-water, lithium nitrate-sodium nitrate-water or zinc nitrate-magnesium nitrate-water.
• the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these mixtures and the use, if appropriate with auxiliaries, as a storage medium in latent heat stores, for thermostatting buildings, in plaster or in or on blinds, and in air conditioning devices for motor vehicles, transport or storage devices.
• auxiliaries as a storage medium in latent heat stores, for thermostatting buildings, in plaster or in or on blinds, and in air conditioning devices for motor vehicles, transport or storage devices.
• TWD transparent thermal insulation systems
• Thermostat in the sense of the present invention means both the thermal insulation and thus keeping a temperature constant, as well as the interception of short-term temperature fluctuations or peaks.
• Applications can include heat storage and targeted delivery, as well as heat absorption and cooling.
• a phase change material which contains water and two salts of the group lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate is defined as the inventive means for storing heat.
• the respective hydrates of these compounds can also be used.
• the systems lithium nitrate-zinc nitrate-water are particularly preferred.
• the agents according to the invention have their melting points in the desired temperature range around 25.degree.
• composition of the mixtures is in the range from 1 to 70% by mass, preferably from 7 to 58% by mass.
• the salts and water or their hydrates are melted and mixed well by vigorous stirring.
• a protective tube can be placed on the equipment to prevent the water vapor from escaping. This allows the mixing ratio of the components to be kept constant.
• the crystallization can also be initiated by acoustic or mechanical stress.
• the mixtures according to the invention can also contain nucleating agents.
• mixtures according to the invention can also be microencapsulated or macroencapsulated, if appropriate with the addition of further auxiliaries.
• the following examples are intended to explain the invention in more detail without, however, restricting it.
• the melting points of these mixtures are in the desired temperature range around 25 ° C.
• the melting point of the mixture is 65 ° C.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=29761955

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-12 DE DE10231844A patent/DE10231844A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2003
  • 2003-06-17 JP JP2004520401A patent/JP2005533142A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-06-17 WO PCT/EP2003/006372 patent/WO2004007635A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-06-17 CN CNA038163888A patent/CN1668718A/zh active Pending
  • 2003-06-17 EP EP03763644A patent/EP1521814A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-06-17 US US10/521,018 patent/US20050247906A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-06-17 CA CA002492695A patent/CA2492695A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-06-17 AU AU2003242718A patent/AU2003242718A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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