EP1512154A1 - Strahlenschutzmaterial sowie verfahren zur hertellung eines strahlenschutzmaterials und verwendung desselben - Google Patents
Strahlenschutzmaterial sowie verfahren zur hertellung eines strahlenschutzmaterials und verwendung desselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1512154A1 EP1512154A1 EP03787749A EP03787749A EP1512154A1 EP 1512154 A1 EP1512154 A1 EP 1512154A1 EP 03787749 A EP03787749 A EP 03787749A EP 03787749 A EP03787749 A EP 03787749A EP 1512154 A1 EP1512154 A1 EP 1512154A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- radiation protection
- protection material
- weight
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- OMVSWZDEEGIJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentadienol diisobutyrate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC(C(C)C)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C OMVSWZDEEGIJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVJPBVNWVPUZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(methyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](C)(OC(C)=O)OC(C)=O TVJPBVNWVPUZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012703 microemulsion polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003655 tactile properties Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiirane Chemical compound C1CS1 VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
- Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/258—Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31573—Next to addition polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- WO 93/11544 shows a radiation-resistant film made of a thermoplastic elastomer which contains between 60 and 90% by weight barium sulfate or another barium salt.
- an energy-absorbing material is known from EP 0 371 699 A1, comprising a layer consisting of a polymer composition comprising 7-30% by weight of a specific polar, thermoplastic polymer, 0-15% by weight plasticizer and 70-93% by weight of an inorganic composition.
- the inorganic composition consists of at least two elements, which should protect against radiation in a way that is better than lead.
- US Pat. No. 6,153,666 discloses a polymer matrix in which metal is embedded for shielding from X-rays and the polymer matrix relates to a plasticized, non-elastomeric polymer.
- the object of the invention is to provide a radiation protection material which, with a low weight and high flexibility of the material, enables a high radiation protection effect over a wide range of use or energy.
- the invention solves this problem by
- Liquid synthetic rubber is a group of specialty rubbers. It has a lower viscosity than the classic rubbers, which are uncrosslinked, but crosslinkable (vulcanizable) polymers with rubber-elastic properties at room temperature. At higher temperatures and under the influence of deforming forces, rubbers also show viscous flow and can therefore also be processed to give shape under suitable conditions.
- Liquid rubbers allow easier incorporation ⁇ on additives such as vulcanization accelerators, fillers, plasticizers or activators and are based on silicone, polyurethane, polyesters, polyethers and diene rubbers. In the case of liquid silicone rubbers, the "cold-curing" one-component types RTV dominate.
- the vulcanization then takes place by reaction of these end groups with, for example, polyfunctional isocyanates.
- concentration of the crosslinking agents must be chosen to be relatively high because of the low molar masses of the liquid rubbers. While the properties of the resulting elastomers in liquid polyurethane-based rubbers are similar to those of regular polyurethanes, vulcanizates of liquid diene rubbers have far lower tensile strengths and elongations at break than vulcanizates of regular diene rubbers.
- all plastifiable polymers or copolymers or block polymers or polymer mixtures dissolved or mixed in one or more plasticizers, for example PVC plastisol, polyolefin plastisol and LDPE plastisol or HDPE plastisol as well as polymethacrylate plastisol or mixtures thereof, can be used as plastisols.
- plasticizers for example PVC plastisol, polyolefin plastisol and LDPE plastisol or HDPE plastisol as well as polymethacrylate plastisol or mixtures thereof, can be used as plastisols.
- All liquid rubbers such as polyurethane rubbers, silicone rubbers and other synthetic rubbers based on polyesters, polyethers or dienes which are flowable or liquid up to a temperature of 80 ° C., such as acrylonitrile butadiene synthetic rubbers, can be used as synthetic rubbers.
- a composition in which the polymer preparation contains between 20 and 40% by weight of PVC and between 10 and 35% by weight of the liquid synthetic rubber, in particular an acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer, and additives between 0 and 10% by weight. -% such as stabilizers, anti-aging agents, starters and accelerators and the rest of plasticizers.
- the proportion of PVC is between 25 and 35% by weight and in particular between 29 and 32% by weight.
- the liquid rubber it can in particular be provided that between 15 and 25% by weight and in particular between 17 and 23% by weight of liquid rubber, in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer, is provided.
- the effective lead content is ⁇ 10% by weight, in particular ⁇ 5% by weight and in particular ⁇ 1% by weight and in particular 0% by weight, which means that it is a completely lead-free material acts in which the toxic substance lead is no longer contained.
- the specific lead equivalent of the material is ⁇ 30, in particular> 32 and preferably> 35 at a tube voltage in the range of 60-125 kV.
- the specific lead equivalent is a measurement to determine the shielding values and thus the lead equivalent according to IEC 1331-l / EN 61331, whereby the values were standardized to the thickness of the sample and the thickness measurement was carried out by mechanical scanning in accordance with DIN 53370.
- the thickness was measured on the basis of the following sizes:
- Measuring area round, diameter 10 cm Measuring force: 0.8 N Contact pressure: 10 kPa +/- 2 kPa Graduation: 0.01 mm Measuring accuracy: +/- 0.01 mm.
- the lead equivalent or lead equivalent is determined according to the specified standard by means of a difference measurement, i.e. the amount of radiation striking a detector is measured, once as an empty measurement and once with a radiation-absorbing material, and the difference in these values is used to determine the transmitted radiation directly ,
- the experimental setup can be found in IEC 1331-l / EN 61331.
- the lead equivalent value is determined via the amount of radiation transmitted.
- the radiation source is an X-ray tube with a standard tungsten anode. This tube is operated with 300 - 500 mA.
- the radiation is emitted in doses in the range of 10-100 ms.
- the radiation quality reflects the radiation of the radiation used in the medical field.
- the value was dimensionlessly related to lead as a specific lead equivalent, the inaccuracy being +/- 1.
- the proportion of the polymer preparation in the radiation-absorbing layer is less than 20% by weight but more than 0% by weight and the proportion of the radiation-absorbing particles is more than 80% by weight.
- the polymer preparation on the radiation-absorbing layer can be between 5 and 20% by weight and in particular between 10 and 20% by weight.
- the proportion of the radiation-absorbing particles can in particular be between 80 and 95% by weight and in particular between 80 and 90% by weight.
- the amount of the polymer preparation must be sufficient to securely connect the particles introduced therein.
- lead is present, pure lead as well as lead oxide and lead salts can be provided.
- Approx. 90% of the particles of the first tin powder (TEGO 30) are smaller than 125 ⁇ m and approx. 90% of the particles of the second tin powder (TEGO 60) are smaller than 75 ⁇ m.
- the bismuth oxide powder that can be used has a D 50 value in the range of 4-100 ⁇ m.
- the multilayered layer material preferably has a weight per unit area of 1.2-1.5 kg / m 2 , with a value of approximately 1.35 kg / m 2 being sought in particular.
- the multilayer layer material has in particular a film thickness of 0.3 to 1.2 mm, in particular 0.3 - 0.5 mm, preferably 0.35 - 0.45 mm.
- the radiation protection material can be designed in such a way that the carrier layer on its side facing away from the radiation-absorbing layer is washable or abrasion-resistant and / or resistant to alcohols and / or disinfectants or has textile properties, for example flocking being provided which has pleasant tactile properties when worn of a product made from the material.
- abrasion resistance can be provided in order to extend the shelf life of a product made from the material, as well as washability in order to be able to clean objects made therefrom, especially in the medical field, after use.
- the material is very flexible.
- the bending stiffness which is a measure of the flexibility of the material, was determined according to DIN 53121 and compared for comparison with the bending stiffness of other lead-free radiation protection films.
- the width-related bending stiffness measurement of the lead-free materials was carried out using the three-point method using the beam method, with the test being carried out on a Zwick testing machine.
- the formula for the calculation according to DIN 53121 is:
- Materials with a bending stiffness of less than 1 cN are particularly preferred. It is particularly preferred if at the same time a shielding effect is achieved in the aforementioned range or for individual points> 30, in particular> 32 and in particular> 34 with regard to the specific lead equivalent.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a radiation protection material, which comprises the following steps:
- the method is used in particular for producing a radiation protection material of the type described above.
- the carrier layer is not only adhesively bonded to the radiation-absorbing layer, but is integrally connected to the radiation-absorbing layer, by crosslinking the two layers with one another when the radiation-absorbing layer is applied and hardened on the carrier layer.
- the layers are physically anchored to one another. This is done, for example, when using a PVC plastisol in the radiation-absorbing layer, provided that the material of the carrier layer is selected so that the PVC plastisol can dissolve it.
- the invention comprises a use of the radiation protection material according to one of the preceding claims as radiation protection clothing, in particular as a radiation protection apron or radiation protection apron or jacket or flexible barriers such as covers or curtains.
- a radiation protection material can be produced in a simple manner, whereby a uniform, fast and homogeneous distribution of the metal particles in the polymer matrix can be ensured, since uniform distribution in a liquid polymer matrix is easy to implement and cumbersome kneading or milling as with the conventional radiation protection film materials can be omitted.
- the resulting radiation protection material from several Layering is very flexible and evenly radiation-absorbing over a wide energy range.
- FIG. 1 section through an inventive radiation protection material
- Figure 1 shows a cross section through the lead-free film-like radiation protection material which is applied to a silicone-coated release paper 4.
- the release paper 4 can be structured in order to produce a structure, for example a leather grain, on a carrier layer 2.
- the carrier layer 2 made of a PVC plastisol film is formed by doctoring onto a silicone-coated release paper 4 and then gelling at 190-200 ° C.
- the carrier layer 2 gives the radiation protection material sufficient strength.
- a paste of the radiation-absorbing layer 3 is then knife-coated onto this carrier layer 2 with a basis weight of 70-80 g / m 3 and then crosslinked or vulcanized in the drying oven at approximately 200 °.
- the total thickness of the film-like layer material is then approximately 0.35-0.45 mm and has a total weight per unit area of approximately 1.35 kg / m 2 .
- the paste from which the radiation-absorbing layer is formed consists from a PVC plastisol and a solvent-free and water-free acrylic nitrile butadiene liquid rubber as well as the metallic additives from tin powder and bismuth oxide powder.
- the polymer mixture of the radiation-absorbing layer 3 has 13 parts by weight of polymer material, 65 parts by weight of tin powder and 22 parts by weight of bismuth powder.
- the tin powder consists of two different types with different grain size distribution (product designation: TEGO-Zinngr imagine, TEGO 30 BG, TEGO 60 BG - Ecka Granules).
- the tin powders with different grain size distribution are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1.
- the bismuth oxide powder is also referred to in the nomenclature as yellow bismuth (Bi 2 0 3 ).
- the D 50 value (grain size distribution) is a maximum of 10 ⁇ m with a typical value of 5.5 ⁇ m.
- the lead-free radiation protection material can initially remain on the silicone-coated release paper layer 4 until, for example, it is made into a radiation protection apron.
- This polymer mixture with a weight fraction of approximately 13% by weight, is incorporated in the initially paste-like radiation-absorbing layer.
- the proportion of PVC is approximately 31% by weight
- the proportion of liquid rubber is approximately 18% by weight
- the proportion of plasticizer is approximately 45% by weight of the polymer composition.
- the carrier layer 2 has the following composition:
- Such radiation protection material with a film thickness of 0.35 - 0.45 mm and a total basis weight of 1.35 kg / m 2 achieves the following lead equivalences depending on the tube voltage of an X-ray source according to the test method IEC 1331-1 / EN 61331:
- the described radiation protection material does not show a drop in the shielding efficiency at tube voltages above 100 kV, but is within a range of 60 - 150 kV within the prescribed tolerance limits of the international standard IEC 1331-1 / EN 61331.
- the second figure now shows a table in which the sample number, the recipe number, the basis weight, the bending stiffness, the material thickness and then the shielding effects for a given x-ray tube voltage for 60 kV, 80 kV, 100 kV and 125 kV each for the specific as well the general lead equivalent are given.
- Sample numbers 1-14 relate to radiation protection materials according to the invention. Samples No. 15 - 19 Xenolite lead-free and Suprasine are products on the market for lead-free radiation protection materials.
- the specific lead equivalent of the x-ray tube tension is defined as the lead equivalent at x-ray tube tension x 100 / material thickness.
- the lead equivalent was determined according to IEC 1331-l / EN 61331.
- Recipe 1 13% by weight of polymer preparation, 65% by weight of tin powder, 22% by weight of bismuth trioxide.
- the table shows that the samples taken, in particular according to recipe 2, have a particularly good specific lead equivalent compared to the known products, especially one Tube voltage range of at least 20 kV difference, whereby the absolute voltage values are between 60 and 125 kV.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20208918U | 2002-06-08 | ||
DE2002208918 DE20208918U1 (de) | 2002-06-08 | 2002-06-08 | Bleifreies Strahlenschutzmaterial |
PCT/EP2003/006085 WO2004017333A1 (de) | 2002-06-08 | 2003-06-10 | Strahlenschutzmaterial sowie verfahren zur hertellung eines strahlenschutzmaterials und verwendung desselben |
Publications (2)
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EP1512154A1 true EP1512154A1 (de) | 2005-03-09 |
EP1512154B1 EP1512154B1 (de) | 2010-03-31 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20030787749 Expired - Lifetime EP1512154B1 (de) | 2002-06-08 | 2003-06-10 | Strahlenschutzmaterial sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlenschutzmaterials und verwendung desselben |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US20060151749A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1512154B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4620460B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE463035T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003285657A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE20208918U1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004017333A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
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JP4268162B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-18 | 2009-05-27 | 日本特装株式会社 | 車両用放射線防護装置 |
US20110165373A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-07 | BIoXR, LLC | Radio-opaque films of laminate construction |
US20140151584A1 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-06-05 | Bloxr Corporation | Nuclear radiation shields, shielding systems and associated methods |
US9114121B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2015-08-25 | Bloxr Solutions, Llc | Radiation protection system |
US8754389B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2014-06-17 | Bloxr Corporation | Apparatuses and methods employing multiple layers for attenuating ionizing radiation |
JP5791281B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-18 | 2015-10-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | 放射線検出装置及び放射線検出システム |
US20140106635A1 (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2014-04-17 | Planideia Confecção De Vestuário De Proteção Ltda. -Epp | Radiopaque carbon-carbon linked elastomeric materials, preparation method and uses of same |
CN102496396B (zh) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-11-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 稀土/钨/聚乙烯复合梯度防核辐射材料及其制备方法 |
CN102648783A (zh) * | 2012-05-19 | 2012-08-29 | 扬州锦江有色金属有限公司 | 一种设有防核辐射合金纤维丝织层的防护鞋 |
CN102664050B (zh) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-10-29 | 丁俊 | 一种辐射防护材料 |
USD751256S1 (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-08 | Gonaprons Llc | Radiation shielding device |
US9534089B2 (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2017-01-03 | The Boeing Company | Temperature-resistant silicone resins |
JP6670755B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-15 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社トクヤマ | 放射線遮蔽材料及びその製造方法 |
CN108586777A (zh) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-28 | 孙海 | 一种无铅防射线辐射橡胶复合材料的制备方法 |
JP7092302B2 (ja) | 2018-05-31 | 2022-06-28 | 早川ゴム株式会社 | 放射線遮蔽指サック |
RU2709596C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-12-18 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт резиновых покрытий и изделий" (АО "НИИРПИ") | Терморадиационностойкая эластомерная композиция |
CN113674888A (zh) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-19 | 山东双鹰医疗器械有限公司 | 一种X、γ射线防护硬质材料及制备方法 |
CN113696369A (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-26 | 西安工程大学 | 一种基于热塑性弹性体的X、γ射线防护体的制备方法 |
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US3200085A (en) * | 1959-03-02 | 1965-08-10 | Arthur L Barber Jr | Radiation barrier material and method of making the same |
US3061491A (en) * | 1959-07-24 | 1962-10-30 | Cordo Chemical Corp | Laminated structures |
US3627707A (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1971-12-14 | Ball Corp | Thixotropic polyvinyl chloride plastisol composition |
US4056161A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-11-01 | Tillotson Corporation | Sound attenuation material |
JPS56131649A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-10-15 | Showa Denko Kk | Neutron shield |
US4938233A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1990-07-03 | Techton, Inc. | Radiation shield |
GB9300564D0 (en) | 1993-01-12 | 1993-03-03 | Smith & Nephew | Protective articles |
JP3557864B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-24 | 2004-08-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 放射線遮蔽材及びその製造方法 |
US6153666A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-11-28 | Bar-Ray Products, Inc. | Radiation-attenuating sheet material |
US6232383B1 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2001-05-15 | Nurescell, Inc. | Nuclear resistance cell and methods for making same |
US6828578B2 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2004-12-07 | Meridian Research And Development | Lightweight radiation protective articles and methods for making them |
DE20100267U1 (de) * | 2001-01-08 | 2001-06-28 | Thiess Axel | Bleifreies Röntgenschutzmaterial |
DE10234159C1 (de) * | 2002-07-26 | 2003-11-06 | Heinrich Eder | Blei-Ersatzmaterial für Strahlenschutzzwecke |
US7196023B2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2007-03-27 | Kappler, Inc. | Chemically resistant radiation attenuation barrier |
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2002
- 2002-06-08 DE DE2002208918 patent/DE20208918U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-10 US US10/516,916 patent/US20060151749A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-10 DE DE50312570T patent/DE50312570D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-10 EP EP20030787749 patent/EP1512154B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-10 JP JP2004528446A patent/JP4620460B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-10 AT AT03787749T patent/ATE463035T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-10 AU AU2003285657A patent/AU2003285657A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-10 WO PCT/EP2003/006085 patent/WO2004017333A1/de active Application Filing
-
2008
- 2008-01-24 US US12/018,811 patent/US7645506B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004017333A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003285657A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
WO2004017333A1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
US7645506B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
US20080128660A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
JP2005529352A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
ATE463035T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
DE20208918U1 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
US20060151749A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1512154B1 (de) | 2010-03-31 |
JP4620460B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
DE50312570D1 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
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