EP1496932A2 - Composition anti-vih, procede de fabrication et medicament. - Google Patents
Composition anti-vih, procede de fabrication et medicament.Info
- Publication number
- EP1496932A2 EP1496932A2 EP03746844A EP03746844A EP1496932A2 EP 1496932 A2 EP1496932 A2 EP 1496932A2 EP 03746844 A EP03746844 A EP 03746844A EP 03746844 A EP03746844 A EP 03746844A EP 1496932 A2 EP1496932 A2 EP 1496932A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyanion
- heparin
- gpl20
- viral protein
- inducing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- HNKJADCVZUBCPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioanisole Chemical compound CSC1=CC=CC=C1 HNKJADCVZUBCPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- ATGUDZODTABURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiolan-2-ylideneazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.N=C1CCCS1 ATGUDZODTABURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004072 thrombin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000035160 transmembrane proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005703 transmembrane proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silicon Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)C(C)C ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007501 viral attachment Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022229 viral infectious cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/08—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses
- C07K16/10—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
- C07K16/1036—Retroviridae, e.g. leukemia viruses
- C07K16/1045—Lentiviridae, e.g. HIV, FIV, SIV
- C07K16/1063—Lentiviridae, e.g. HIV, FIV, SIV env, e.g. gp41, gp110/120, gp160, V3, PND, CD4 binding site
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/726—Glycosaminoglycans, i.e. mucopolysaccharides
- A61K31/727—Heparin; Heparan
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
- A61K38/1774—Immunoglobulin superfamily (e.g. CD2, CD4, CD8, ICAM molecules, B7 molecules, Fc-receptors, MHC-molecules)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/40—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum bacterial
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/32—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency specific for a neo-epitope on a complex, e.g. antibody-antigen or ligand-receptor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anti-HIV composition and to its method of manufacture. It also relates to the use of said composition for the manufacture of an anti-HIV drug.
- the entry of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the cell is an essential step in the viral infectious cycle. This process is divided into two phases corresponding to the interaction of the virus on the cell surface at the level of specific receptors of the host, and the penetration of the genetic material of the virus into the target cell.
- CD4i constitutes a fixing site for certain members of the family of chemokine receptors (mainly CXCR4 and CCR5), which will play a role of co-receptor of gpl20 on the cell surface.
- This second interaction gpl20 / CCR5 or gpl20 / CXCR4 then causes a reorganization of the protein complex gpl20 / gp41.
- This reorganization exposes gp41 which then allows the initiation of fusion of cell and viral membranes, and the entry of viral genetic material into the cell.
- This work makes it possible to define two new therapeutic targets: the inhibition of the interaction of gpl20 with CD4 and CCR5 or CXCR4, and the inhibition of fusion [3].
- HIV human immunodeficiency
- the co-receptors are also sites of attachment of the virus to cells.
- the natural ligands of these co-receptors are chemokines, in particular RANTES and MIP for CCR5, and SDF for CXCR4.
- these chemokines inhibit the interaction of the virus with cells [7, 8], but also induce a certain number of cellular responses making them difficult to use from a therapeutic point of view.
- a number of compounds such as 1 ⁇ MD301 or peptides binding to co-receptors also have anti- viral [9,10].
- these different molecules also block the intrinsic functions of the cell linked to the use of. these co-receptors.
- HIV is able to bind to other molecules present on the cells it infects, such as DC-SIGN, sphyngolipids or even heparan sulfates [11].
- heparan sulfates are complex polysaccharides belonging to the family of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). They are present in abundance on the cell surface and in interstitial matrices, where they are found anchored on the extracellular domain of particular glycoproteins, heparan sulfates proteoglycans
- HSPG heparin preparations
- HS are distinguished from any other macromolecule ⁇ " biologic " by " diversity " of their structure and the functions they exercise. They are able in particular to fix the gpl20 of HIV, and the virus uses this property to adsorb on the surface of target cells.
- the interaction site of heparan sulfates on gpl20 is located on a variable structure, called the V3 loop [12].
- V3 loop the exact role of these polysaccharides during HIV infection remains unclear.
- the present invention specifically aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a new composition which can be used as an anti-HIV agent.
- This composition is capable of blocking the entry of the AIDS virus into its host cells. As such, it can be used for the preparation of a medicament, in particular a medicament intended for the treatment of AIDS.
- composition of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a polyanion and a molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20.
- a polyanion for example of the heparin or heparan sulfate type
- a molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 for example of a soluble CD4 peptide.
- this composition makes it possible to unexpectedly inhibit both the virus-heparan sulphate interaction of cell membranes, by blocking the V3 loop, and the virus-co-receptor interaction, by blocking the CD4i site.
- the inventors have in fact shown that there are in fact two domains or sites of interaction of polyanones of the heparin or heparan sulfate type on gpl20. The first is the V3 loop, the second is the CD4i domain. They have shown (see examples below) that heparin, or fragments of heparin of sufficient size, in the presence -d - '.
- a -peptide - ⁇ .CD4, - interacts with -the "-domain CD4i of the viral protein gpl20 and that this combination strongly inhibits the interaction gpl20 / antibody 48d or 17b, 48d or 17b are used as mime receptors.
- composition of the present invention relates to a new therapeutic target by means of heparin or other polyanones in the presence of the CD4 peptide, namely blocking the interaction of HIV with its co-receptors.
- This solution is very advantageous from the therapeutic point of view for inhibiting the attachment of the virus to the cells since it targets the virus itself and not the cells.
- the polyanion can be advantageously chosen from the group consisting of heparin, heparan sulfate, and a polyanion equivalent to heparin or heparan sulfate.
- heparin for example Dextran sulfate (trademark, Ueno fine-chem), Curdlan.-S -lfa-e (trademark, Ajinomoto), Naphthalene-2 ' sulfonate polymer (trademark, Procept ), Pentosan polysulfate (trademark, Baker norton pharm; Hoechst), or Resobene (trademark).
- the polyanion is not too long, since it would have an anticoagulant activity, not desired in the present invention, and would form aspecific bonds with various proteins, in particular thrombin or antithrombin III. Its length will preferably be similar to a heparin chain having a degree of polymerization as defined below.
- the polyanion preferably has at least two anionic groups per disaccharide. According to the present invention, when the polyanion is heparin or heparan sulfate, it will preferably have a degree of polymerization dp from 10 to 24, advantageously from 12 to 24, preferably from 16 to 22. According to the invention, heparin, heparan sulphate or the polyanion equivalent to heparin or heparan sulphate can have a degree of polymerization dp from 12 to 20, for example from 15 to 17.
- the polyanion can be prepared by partial depolymerization of heparin or heparan sulfate by an enzymatic method, for example by means of heparinase, or chemical, for example by means of nitrous acid.
- heparans can be defined by the presence of N-sulfated or N-acetylated or unsubstituted glucosamine in position N, linked to a uronic acid (glucuronic acid or iduronic acid) with a variable proportion of sulfate group.
- Structural mimics of these oligosaccharides can be obtained by chemical synthesis.
- the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 can be chosen from a CD4 peptide or a derivative of this peptide, or alternatively a monoclonal antibody which binds to the viral protein gpl20 and capable of activating said gpl20 protein in an equivalent manner to the CD4 peptide.
- CD4 peptide In the case of a CD4 peptide, it is preferably soluble for evident reasons of facilitating its interaction with the viral protein gpl20 in liquid medium, and to facilitate its • access to its target.
- the CD4 peptide has the following sequence (! _):
- TPA represents thiopropionic acid
- Xaa J represents ⁇ -napthylalanine, phenylalanine or bi-phenylalanine
- Xaa k represents Gly, Val or place
- P 1 represents 3 to 6 amino acids
- P 2 represents 2 to 4 acids amino acids
- P 3 represents 6 to 10 amino acids
- the amino acids in P 1 , P 2 and P 3 being natural or unnatural, identical or different and P 1 , P 2 and P 3 having or not a sequence common
- said peptide having a ⁇ hairpin conformation whose ⁇ elbow is formed by the amino acid residues Ala or Gin - Gly or DAsp or Ser-Ser or His or Asn-Xaa 3 of its sequence (A.).
- these peptides show a very great affinity for the viral protein gpl20.
- Examples of such peptides which can be used in accordance with the present invention are the peptides of sequences ID No. 1 to ID No. 18 from the annexed sequence list or equivalent peptides.
- peptides can be prepared by conventional techniques of solid phase chemical synthesis or genetic recombination.
- the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 is an antibody, it can be chosen, for example, from those described in the document Sullivan N, Sun Y, Binley J, Lee J, Barbas CF - " 3- d , " Parreri PW, -Burtlo ⁇ ' DR, Sodroski J, Determinants "of ⁇ humah • immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein activation by soluble CD4 and monoclonal antibodies. J " Vîrol 1998; 72 (8): pp. 6332-6338.
- the polyanion and the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 are mixed in said composition.
- This composition in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to expose the site of interaction with the co-receptors (CD4i site) and, concomitantly, to block this site by the oligosaccharide part constituted by the polyanion.
- the polyanion and the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 are advantageously mixed in said composition in proportions of 1 to 10 mole (s) of polyanion for 0 , 5 to 1.5 mole of molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20.
- the present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the composition according to this first embodiment of the invention, comprising the following steps: - preparation of the polyanion, preparation of the molecule capable of inducing exposure of the epitope CD4i of the viral protein gpl20, mixture of the polyanion and of the - molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 prepared so as to obtain said composition.
- the mixture will preferably be produced in a biological buffer so that it can be used to make a drug that can be administered.
- the pH is preferably around 7, and the solution contains, for example, 15 g / l of NaCl.
- the polyanion and the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 are linked together in said composition. They form a polyanion / molecule hybrid capable of inducing exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20.
- the polyanion and the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 are linked together at one of the ends of the polyanion.
- the polyanion used is short, for example with a degree of polymerization dp from 10 to 12, it may be necessary to link the polyanion and the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 by means of a spacer arm, this in order to allow the hybrid formed to bind to all of its targets on the viral protein gpl20. This may also be the case, when the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 is too short.
- the spacer arm May be any polymer, preferably 'soluble in_ aqueous buffers, .. of appropriate length. Mention may be made, for example, of polysaccharides or polyglycols.
- the present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the composition according to the second embodiment of the invention, comprising the following steps: preparation of the polyanion, preparation of the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20, binding of the polyanion and of the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20, prepared in such a way obtain said composition.
- the binding of the polyanion with the molecule capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope can be formed by any technique known to a person skilled in the art, for example for binding a polyanion and a peptide.
- any technique known to a person skilled in the art for example for binding a polyanion and a peptide.
- the various methods described in documents [15], [16] and [17] for coupling an oligosaccharide to a polypeptide can be used in the present invention.
- the hybrid molecule of the present invention has a triple advantage: it binds to the viral protein gpl20 at the CD4 interaction site, on the V3 loop, when these gpl20 are derived from viruses using CXCR4 as co-receptor, and on the domain of interaction with the co-receptors (CD4i domain), as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7 appended. She permits thus simultaneously block all domains gpl20 uses to interact 'with its receptors and co-cellular receptors.
- sequences ID No. 1 to ID No. 18 of the annexed sequence list are non-limiting examples of molecules capable of inducing the exposure of the CD4i epitope of the viral protein gpl20 within the meaning of the present invention.
- These molecules are peptides from human CD4 (SeqIDn ° 1), or artificial peptides from or derived from scorpion venom peptides (SeqIDn ° 2 to 18).
- FIG. 1 is a graph representing the amount of gpl20 / CD4, in resonance units (RU), fixed on heparin as a function of time t (in seconds) for different concentrations of CD4 (in nM): bottom curves top: 0; 50; 100; 250; 500
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of gpl20 / CD4, in resonance units (RU), fixed on heparin as a function of the concentration of CD4 (in nM).
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the evolution of viral protein interaction gpl20 / 48d antibody (RU response) as a function of time
- FIG. 4 is a graph representing the inhibition of the interaction of the gpl20 / CD4 complex with the antibody 48d (RU response) as a function of time
- FIG. 5 is a graph representing the inhibition the amount of gpl20 / CD4 complexes fixed on 48d as a function of the size of the heparin fragment in degree of polymerization, from dp 0 to dp 18 (curves from top to bottom: dp 0; dp 2; dp 4; dp 6; dp 8; dp 10; dp 12; dp 14; dp 16; dp 18).
- FIG. 6 is a graph representing the quantity of "gp120 / CD4 complexes fixed on 48d as a function of " the size of the heparin fragment " from the data represented in FIG. 5.
- Figure 7 is a drawing schematically showing the viral protein gpl20, and the interaction of a composition according to the second embodiment of the present invention with the viral protein gpl20.
- sCD4bs CD4 binding site
- V3 V3 loop
- CD4ni non-induced co-receptor binding site (“ni” ) (not accessible)
- CD4i site of binding to the co-receptor induced by the binding of CD4 to gpl20 (“i” for armature)
- CD4 / H hybrid molecule CD4 / heparin or heparan sulfate peptide according to the second mode of embodiment of the present invention
- H heparin or heparan sulfate.
- FIGS 8 a) to h) are graphical representations of the interaction of viral protein complexes gpl20 and gpl20 / CD4 on a detection biochip activated with heparin, at different concentrations of viral protein gpl20: 0 nM ( at) ; 0.62 nM (b); 1.25 nM (c); 2.5 nM (d); 5 nM (e); 10 nM (f), 20 nM (g) and 40 nM (h), with preincubation (solid lines) or without preincubation (broken lines) with 80 nM of soluble CD4.
- FIG. 9 is a graphical representation of the inhibition of the gpl20 / CD4 interaction by heparin and heparin oligosaccharides (H) on a detection biochip activated by mAbl7b.
- the viral protein gpl20 (5 nM) was . preincubated successively with a CD4 peptide (10 nM) and with heparin ([H]) • concentrations at -O- 1M - (curve a); ? ⁇ 2.1 nM (b); 4.2 nM (c); 8, -3._nM- (d); .. and .. 16.7.nM (e), before being injected onto the surface mAbl7b.
- FIG. 10 is a graphical representation of the inhibition of the gpl20 / CD4 interaction with heparin and heparin oligosaccharides (H) on a detection biochip activated by mAbl7b.
- the viral protein gpl20 (5 nM) was successively preincubated with a CD4 peptide (10 nM) and with a heparin concentration of 40 nM, with different degrees of polymerization: dp 0 (curve 1); dp 2 (curve 2); dp 4 (curve 3); dp 6 (curve 4); dp 8 (curve 5); dp 10 (curve 6); dp 12 (curve 7); dp 14 (curve 8); dp 16 (curve 9); dp 18 (curve 10), before being injected onto the mAbl7b surface.
- FIG. 11 represents the absorbance at 230 n of different fractions (F) of 15 ml obtained during an enzymatic synthesis of heparin at degrees of polymerization dp ranging from 2 to 10 (the dp corresponds to the figures indicated on the curve).
- FIG. 12 is a graph produced from the experimental results of Example 10. This graph shows the percentages of gp120 / CXCR4 interaction in the presence or not of heparin.
- the gpl20-heparin interaction analyzes were carried out by surface plasmon resonance (BIAcore system (trademark)).
- This technique which makes it possible to carry out interaction measurements in real time, also has the advantage of proposing a model close to - physiological reality, where heparin immobilized on a detection biochip ("sensorchi-p" ) constitutes a two-dimensional interface like the cell surface.
- EXAMPLE 1 SYNTHESIS OF A CD4 PEPTIDE THAT CAN BE USED TO MANUFACTURE THE COMPOSITION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
- a peptide from the annexed sequence list is synthesized by solid-phase chemical synthesis with an automatic peptide synthesizer Applied Biosystems, mod. 433A, and in chemistry Fmoc, which uses the group Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) for the temporary protection of the ⁇ -amino function of amino acids.
- Protective groups used to prevent side chain reactions lateral amino acids were tertiary butyl ether (tBu) for the residues Ser, Thr and Tyr; tert-butyl ester (OtBu) for Asp, Glu; trityl - (Trt) for Gin, Asn, Cys, His; tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) for Lys and 2, 2, 5, 7, 8-pentametylchromane-6-sulfonyl (Pmc) for Arg.
- tBu tertiary butyl ether
- OtBu tert-butyl ester
- Trt trityl -
- Pmc tert-butyloxycarbonyl
- the coupling reaction takes place with an excess of 10 equivalents of amino acids (1 mmol) relative to the resin (0.1 mmol).
- the protected amino acid is dissolved in 1 ml of N-methylpyrollidone (NMP) and 1 ml of a 1M solution of 1N-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) in the NMP solvent.
- 1 ml of a 1M solution of N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) is then added.
- the active ester formed is transferred to the reactor which contains the resin.
- the -resin is -protected . e of its Fmoc grouping by. -a • - solution of .20 .-.% .- of - piperidine ' - ' in the NMP.
- the excess piperidine is removed by washing with NMP after about 5 to 10 minutes.
- the peptide-resin is treated 5 times with a solution of 2% hydrazine in DMF.
- the coupling of a link arm is carried out for one hour at room temperature in DMF with 10 equivalents of Fmoc-8-amino-3, 6-dioxaoctanoic acid using the reagent HBTU in the presence of diisopropylethylamine.
- the Fmoc group is then deprotected with 20% piperidine in DMF.
- the peptide-resin is therefore treated with 10 equivalents of Traut's reagent (2- hydrochloride iminothiolane (Sigma) in the presence of DIEA.
- the peptide is finally released and deprotected as described below.
- the cleavage of the resin and of the protective groups present on the side chains were carried out simultaneously by treatment of the peptide linked to the resin with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).
- TFA trifluoroacetic acid
- the resin was washed several times with dichloromethane (DCM) and finally dried.
- the reagent used during the cleavage is an acid mixture containing 81.5% of TFA and the trappers phenol (5%), thioanisole (5%), water (5%), ethanedithiol (2.5%) and tri-isopropylsilane ( 1%).
- the resin was treated with this mixture for three hours with stirring and at room temperature, at the rate of 100 ml of solution per gram of resin.
- the free peptide in solution was recovered by filtration.
- the peptide was then precipitated and washed cold in diisopropyl ether and then -dissolved in 20% acetic acid and lyophilized.
- the -peptide recovered after -lyophilization, the crude synthesis is in reduced form, that is to say that the intrachain disulfide bridges are not formed.
- the formation of these covalent bonds was carried out using the redox cystamine / cysteamine pair.
- the crude synthesis was taken up in water added with 0.1% TFA (v / v) and guanidinium chloride 6M to facilitate its dissolution, at a rate of 2.0 g.ml "1.
- This solution then was added dropwise, diluted to 0.2 mg / ml -1 , to the reduction buffer, composed of 100 mM Tris / HCl, pH 7.8, and 5 mM cysteamine.
- the cystamine (oxidant) o 5 mM in the end, was added after 45 minutes of reaction to ambient temperature.
- the medium is brought to pH 3.0 after 30 minutes.
- Cysteamine makes it possible to reduce the thiol groups present on the peptide. Outdoors, . . . it oxidizes and allows the oxidation of cysteines and therefore the folding of the peptide by formation of intrachain disulfide bridges. The cystamine added at the end of handling makes it possible to perfect the folding. The good progress of the oxidation is verified by analytical chromatography by comparing the retention times of the crude and oxidized products, which are more important for the former.
- the peptides were purified by high performance liquid chromatography in reverse phase on a Vydac C18 preparative column (1.0 x 25.0 cm). A linear gradient 0-60 was used . % acetonitrile in an aqueous solution of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid for 90 minutes. The major peak fractions were analyzed by .HPL.C. • . -Analysis; the fractions .-- having only one peak - were combined - and lyophilized.
- a heparin or heparan sulfate molecule having a defined degree of polymerization dp is synthesized.
- heparin 6 g are dissolved in a buffer containing 5 mM of tris, 2 mM of CaCl 2 , 50 mM of NaCl and 0.1 mg / ml of albumin. The pH is adjusted to 7.5 with acetic acid. This solution is incubated at 25 ° C with heparinase I (8 mU / ml) for approximately 50 h (the enzymatic reaction is followed by the increase in optical density, measured at 232 nm).
- the mixture is then purified by gel filtration chromatography.
- the solid phase is Biogel -PO, contained, in.-A .column - . 1.50 m and 4.4 cm._ in diameter, - eluted. at .-- 1 • -ml / min. with some. - NaCl 0.25 M. ...
- FIG. 11 represents the absorbance at 230 nm of the various 15 ml fractions obtained for degrees of polymerization dp ranging from 2 to 10.
- the different oligosaccharides (dp2, dp4, ..., etc.) are dialyzed against water and then lyophilized.
- the procedure is as follows: 1 g of heparin is dissolved in 20 ml of sodium nitrite (NaN0 2 ) at
- the procedure is as follows: 8 g of heparan sulfate are dissolved in 40 ml containing 5 mM tris, 2 mM CaCl 2 , 50 mM NaCl and 0.1 mg / ml of albumin. The pH is adjusted to 7.5 with acetic acid. This solution is incubated at 30 ° C, with heparinase III (25 mU / ml) for approximately 72 hours. Heparinase III is added again, for a period of 48 hours, then the products are purified as described above in paragraph A).
- a CD4 peptide from Example 1 is mixed with a prepared heparan sulfate prepared. in- example • 2. These two molecules are dissolved at a concentration twice higher than the desired final concentration. These solutions are carried out in a physiological buffer.
- a physiological buffer For example PBS, TBS (Tris 50mM, 0.15M NaCl, pH 7.5), or HBS (Hepes 20mM, 0.15M NaCl, pH 7.5).
- the heparan sulfate is incubated with a molar excess of hydrazine or carbodihydrazide.
- the purpose of this step is to place a hydrazine group on the reducing end of the oligosaccharide, when the latter is prepared by enzymatic depolymerization, or on the aldehyde of the oligosaccharide, when the latter is prepared by chemical depolymerization with nitrous acid.
- the carbohydrates of the soluble CD4 peptide are oxidized by treatment with sodium periodate, the aldehyde function thus created is used for the coupling of the hydrazine oligosaccharide.
- the oligosaccharide ,. - generally in solution at "l.mM-in a PBS buffer.- (saline sodium phosphate) - is co-incubated with a molar excess (for example up to ⁇ at ⁇
- reaction mixture is incubated at room temperature, then purified by desalting or dialysis against distilled water, and finally dried by evaporation under vacuum or lyophilized.
- reaction mixture (produced in mammalian or insect cells) is taken up in 20 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.2 and then treated with sodium periodate (10 mM) for 20 minutes, at 4 ° C. and at darkness. To remove sodium periodate, the reaction mixture is desalted by gel filtration or by dialysis against the phosphate buffer.
- the sCD4 whose glycans are thus oxidized, is co-incubated with a molar excess of hydrazine oligosaccharide at 4 ° C., to form the complex between the two molecules.
- EXAMPLE 5 EVIDENCE OF THE INCREASE IN THE AFFINITY OF gp1-20- FOR HEPARIN-.PAR CD4- -
- the analyzes of gpl20-heparin interaction by surface plasmon resonance were performed as a function of time.
- FIG. 1 corresponds to the injection of gpl20 at 50 nM and CD4 respectively at 0, 50, 100, 250 or 500 nM (respectively for the curves from bottom to top in this figure).
- Figure 2 shows the amount of gpl20 / CD4 fixed on heparin as a function of the concentration of CD4.
- CD4: gpl20 molar ratio of approximately 5: 1 produces the maximum response.
- the viral protein gpl20 (hxbc2) at 50 nM is incubated for 1 h 20 with increasing concentrations of soluble CD4 at 0, 50, 100, 250 or 500 nM; then injected onto the surface 48d at 10 ⁇ l / min.
- the gpl20 protein is co-incubated for 40 minutes with CD4. The mixture is then divided into 5 aliquots in which heparin (15 kDa) is added at different concentrations.
- the final concentrations in the aliquots are: gpl20: 50 nM; CD4: 250 nM and heparin: 0, 3,
- Example 8 INHIBITION OF THE gp! 20-48d INTERACTION WITH OLIGOSACCHARIDE FRAGMENTS OF DEFINED SIZES
- the oligosaccharide fragments of defined sizes are obtained by enzymatic depolymerization.
- the viral protein gpl20 is co-incubated for 60 minutes with CD4 so as to expose the CD4i domain.
- the mixture is divided into 8 aliquots and fragments of heparin of increasing size, comprising from 1 to 8 disaccharide units .. basic, or one degree, of polymerization - (dp). from 2- to -16 are added to give final concentrations of 50 nM for gp120, 250-nM for CD4 and 125 nM for the heparin fragments (the molecular mass of a disaccharide is approximately 600 Da .
- the mixtures are then injected onto the surface 48d (FIG. 5).
- the data obtained make it possible to represent the quantity of gpl20 / CD4 complexes fixed on 48d as a function of the size of the heparin fragment (FIG. 6).
- heparin a molecule with a structure very similar to heparan sulfates, also interacts with a second binding site on gpl20.
- This site named CD4i is an epitope only exposed when gpl20 " interacts " with
- CD4i site of gpl20 is made up of basic amino acids. These basic residues are aligned on the surface of the protein, and effectively constitute a site of interaction with heparin, or oligosaccharides of heparin derivative 1 or heparan sulfate.
- the inventors therefore hereby propose a therapeutic use of polyanionic compounds targeting this new interaction site.
- the approach consists of the combined use of polyanones and molecules capable of exposing the CD4i epitope, in co-administration or in the form of a hybrid molecule. This type of molecule simultaneously blocks all of the domains of interaction of gpl20 with host cells.
- the protocol is based on the reaction of an aldehyde group (on the oligosaccharide) with an amino or hydrazide group .. on the. protein..
- the aldehyde function is created at the cleavage site, and the oligosaccharide is ready for coupling.
- the oligosaccharides are incubated in a saturated solution of ammonium bicarbonate, for 96 hours.
- the reaction mixture is then purified on a filtration gel column, equilibrated with 10 M ammonium bicarbonate, then the sample is freeze-dried several times to remove residual ammonium bicarbonate.
- the purpose of this step is to create a glycosylamine at the reducing end of the oligosaccharide.
- the oligosaccharide (10 mM) can also be incubated with 0.25 M of dihydrazide adipate, in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydrate (NaBH 3 CN, 1 M) at pH 5, for 96 hours.
- reaction mixture is then purified on a filtration gel column, equilibrated in distilled water, then dried by lyophilization.
- the purpose of this step is to introduce a hydrazide function at the reducing end of the oligosaccharide.
- the oligosaccharides prepared according to the two above methods, are then incubated with 0.5 M of diglutaraldehyde, at pH 5 for 4 hours, then " with 0.1 M of NaBH 3 CN for 30 minutes.
- the reaction mixture is then followed. -purified on a column of gel filtration, balanced .in., distilled water, then dried by lyophilization This step is for the purpose of placing an aldehyde function at the reducing end of the oligosaccharides.
- Example 10 Demonstration of the inhibitory activity of oligosaccharides on the interaction of gp! 20 with the co-receptor (CXCR4) of the virus
- CHO cells (mutant 2241, deficient in the expression of glycosaminoglycans, it does not make heparan sulfate) transfected with the CXCR4 gene are pre-incubated with: gpl20 (20 ⁇ g / ml), with or without heparin, or gpl20 / CD4 complexes
- the gpl20 fixed to the cell surface is detected using an anti-gpl20 antibody coupled to a secondary antibody labeled with FITC, then analyzed in FACS.
- results represented in the appended FIG. 12 show the percentages of gpl20 / CXCR4 interaction.
- the negative control (0%) corresponds to the non-specific binding of gpl20 to the cells
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0204926 | 2002-04-19 | ||
FR0204926A FR2838649B1 (fr) | 2002-04-19 | 2002-04-19 | Composition anti-vih, procede de fabrication et medicament |
PCT/FR2003/001234 WO2003089000A2 (fr) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-17 | Composition anti-vih, comprenant un polyanion et un agent agissant sur gp120 de acon equivalent au cd4 |
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EP1496932A2 true EP1496932A2 (fr) | 2005-01-19 |
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EP03746844A Ceased EP1496932A2 (fr) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-17 | Composition anti-vih, procede de fabrication et medicament. |
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US (1) | US7494975B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1496932A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5004408B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003246840A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2481325C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2838649B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003089000A2 (fr) |
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WO2007144685A1 (fr) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-21 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Peptides mimétiques du cd4 et utilisations de ceux-ci |
FR2904627B1 (fr) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-11-07 | Pasteur Institut | Nouveaux peptides actives, purifies et isoles, derives du recepteur cd4 (mini-cd4) et leur procece de preparation |
EP2087911A1 (fr) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-08-12 | Institut Pasteur | Molécules conjuguées comprenant un peptide dérivé du récepteur CD4 couplé à un polyanion pour le traitement du SIDA |
CN108640977A (zh) * | 2018-06-18 | 2018-10-12 | 上海大学 | 特异性结合HIV上包膜糖蛋白gp120的多肽及其应用 |
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WO1987007614A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-17 | Pert Candace B | Petits peptides inhibant la liaison sur des recepteurs t-4 et agissant en tant qu'immunogenes |
DE3808353A1 (de) * | 1988-03-12 | 1989-09-21 | Basf Ag | Kombinationen von polysulfatierten heparinen bei der bekaempfung von retrovirusinfektionen |
IE61565B1 (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1994-11-16 | Akzo Nv | Heparin fragments and fractions with anti-HIV action |
GB9020872D0 (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1990-11-07 | Ml Lab Plc | Pharmaceutical compositions and use thereof |
JPH0959178A (ja) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-03-04 | Samu Kenkyusho:Kk | 抗ウイルス剤及び抗ウイルス作用増強剤 |
JPH1029952A (ja) * | 1996-07-16 | 1998-02-03 | Takara Shuzo Co Ltd | ヒト免疫不全ウイルス感染の制御用組成物および制御方法 |
FR2819809B1 (fr) * | 2001-01-23 | 2003-05-16 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Peptides presentant un affinite pour la proteine virale gp120, et utilisation de ces peptides |
-
2002
- 2002-04-19 FR FR0204926A patent/FR2838649B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2003
- 2003-04-17 CA CA2481325A patent/CA2481325C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-17 EP EP03746844A patent/EP1496932A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-17 AU AU2003246840A patent/AU2003246840A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-17 US US10/509,686 patent/US7494975B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-17 JP JP2003585751A patent/JP5004408B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-17 WO PCT/FR2003/001234 patent/WO2003089000A2/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
VITA CLAUDIO ET AL: "RATIONAL ENGINEERING OF A MINIPROTEIN THAT REPRODUCES THE CORE OF THE CD4 SITE INTERACTING WITH HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN", PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF USA, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, WASHINGTON, DC; US, vol. 96, no. 23, 9 November 1999 (1999-11-09), pages 13091 - 13096, XP002181795, ISSN: 0027-8424, DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.96.23.13091 * |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003246840A8 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
US7494975B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 |
WO2003089000A3 (fr) | 2004-04-08 |
FR2838649B1 (fr) | 2006-01-13 |
FR2838649A1 (fr) | 2003-10-24 |
JP5004408B2 (ja) | 2012-08-22 |
WO2003089000A2 (fr) | 2003-10-30 |
AU2003246840A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
CA2481325A1 (fr) | 2003-10-30 |
JP2005528405A (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
US20060084593A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
CA2481325C (fr) | 2011-07-26 |
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