EP1489033B1 - Elevator with two cars arranged one above the other in the same hoistway - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an elevator system for the transport of persons / goods, a method for operating this elevator system and a method for modernizing an elevator system according to the definition of the preambles of the independent claims.

In new installations of elevator systems there is a desire for space-saving and easy to install elevator systems. This means that the elevator systems no longer require separate machine rooms, but fit into simply designed, standardized, cuboid shafts. This reduces the costs of planning and construction of the building and increases the usable building space.

In modernizations of elevator systems, there is a desire to increase the capacity of the elevator systems. However, this increase in performance should be realized with little structural changes to the buildings in order to keep the costs of modernization low.

US5419414 shows an elevator system with several superimposed in a bay cabins. The cabins are moved independently. Each cabin has a drive and a counterweight. The cabins are connected via ropes as a conveyor with counterweights. So that all cabins can serve the same floors of the building, alternative rooms are provided above and below the floors served by the cabins. Thus, first cabins can move into these alternative spaces and further cabins can be moved to the place in the shaft of the first cabins. The drives are mounted above the shaft. By increasing the number of cabins in the shaft, this elevator installation achieves an increase in the delivery rate.

A disadvantage of the teaching according to US5419414 is that the assembly of multiple drives in a machine room above the shaft is expensive. Such a machine room is often difficult to access. For example. The drives must be disassembled for transport into the engine room so that they pass through aisles and doors, which corridors and doors are on the way to the engine room. It is also disadvantageous that the presence of a machine room above the shaft and the provision of alternative spaces in the shaft keep the potentially usable building space low. In particular, floors that are at the height of the alternative rooms can not be served by the cabins. From these drawbacks follows that the re-installation and modernization of such a lift system causes high costs.

Also WO02 / 030801 discloses an elevator installation with several cabins arranged one above the other in a shaft. The cabins are moved independently. For this purpose, each cabin has a drive placed in the shaft head. In the embodiments shown, two 1: 1 suspended cabs are associated with a single 2: 1 counterweight.

The object of the invention is to provide an elevator system that is easy and inexpensive to install, which provides a high capacity and with an existing elevator system is easy and inexpensive to modernize. This elevator system should be compatible with existing and proven elevator manufacturing processes.

These objects are achieved by the invention according to the definition of the preambles of the independent claims.

The invention solves these problems with an elevator installation in which not one, but at least two cabins arranged one above the other are moved in the vertical direction of travel. The cabins are moved by one drive per cabin along at least one cabin guide rail. The drives are connected to the cabins via conveyor. According to the invention, the drives are arranged close to different first walls in the shaft.

The drives are thus arranged in the shaft, for example in the shaft head. In this way, the engine room falls away, whereby the building space is used optimally and at the same time, by using at least two cabins in one and the same shaft, there is a significant increase in capacity. An assembly of several drives in the shaft head is much easier to accomplish, than outside the shaft in the engine room. Thus, the components of the drives can be transported through the shaft in the shaft head.

Advantageously, a counterweight per cabin is provided. Advantageously, the drives are arranged largely above the counterweights in the shaft. Advantageously, the drives are arranged at substantially the same height in the shaft. Advantageously, each drive of a car above the counterweight of that car is located close to the first walls in the manhole. Advantageously, at least one counterweight guide rail per counterweight is provided. Advantageously, the drives are supported on ends of the guide rails for cabin and counterweight. Advantageously, conveyor fixing points are fastened to the guide rails for the car or counterweight. Advantageously, an electrical system for the elevator is at least partially supported on the guide rails for the car or counterweight. Advantageously, the drives and / or the electrical system are supported directly or indirectly via horizontal beams of the guide rails for cabin or counterweight or the Fördermittelfixpunkte are attached directly or indirectly via horizontal support on the guide rails for cabin or counterweight.

In this way, otherwise not usable shaft space above the counterweights for mounting the drives and electrical system is used to a high degree. The guide rails for cabin or counterweight or the horizontal support also form a self-supporting structure for supporting the drives, the cabins, the counterweight and the electrical system as well as for fixing the Fördermittelfixpunkte. This structure is largely symmetrical and mirrored with respect to a diagonal of the shaft cross-section. Thus, no essential interface to the building is necessary, which simplifies the re-installation and assembly of the elevator system.

Advantageously, the access to the cabins is via floor doors, which floor doors are arranged on second walls in the shaft, which second walls are different from the first walls. Advantageously, guide rails, counterweights and drives are mounted close to two first walls, while the floor doors are mounted on two second walls.

In this way, not only the shaft space, but also the walls of the shaft and thus the access to the elevator system is optimally utilized. B spw. Guide rails, counterweights and drives are mounted close to two first walls in the shaft, while access to the elevator system via floor doors, which floor doors are mounted on two second walls.

Advantageously, at least one alternative space is provided for at least one cabin, which alternative space is arranged in the shaft head and / or in the shaft floor. Advantageously, during the modernization, an existing engine room is converted into an alternative space for at least one car.

By providing at least one escape space above or below the served floors of the building, a first cabin can be moved into this escape space. This first cabin occupies now no more space in the shaft area of the served floors and a further cabin can be moved into this place. Thus, not only the first cabin but also a further cabin can operate the floor below or above the outside space, in particular when it comes to an increase in the delivery capacity in the impact operation. The fact that an existing engine room is converted into an alternative space in a modernization, reuse of building space to repeatedly increase the capacity.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Teils einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Aufzugsanlage mit zwei 2:1 umgehängten Kabinen in einem Schacht,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Draufssicht eines Teils der ersten Ausführungsform einer Aufzugsanlage gemäss Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansichten eines Teils einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Aufzugsanlage mit zwei 1:1 umgehängten Kabinen in einem Schacht, und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Draufssicht eines Teils der zweiten Ausführungsform einer Aufzugsanlage gemäss Fig. 3 ,

Fig. 5

zwei schematische Seitenansichten eines Teils einer Ausführungsform einer modernisierten Aufzugsanlage, bei der ein bestehender Maschinenraum zu einem Ausweichraum umgebaut wird.

The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments. Hereby shows:

Fig. 1

1 is a schematic side view of part of a first embodiment of an elevator installation with two 2: 1 cabins suspended in a shaft;

Fig. 2

a schematic plan view of a portion of the first embodiment of an elevator system according to Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a schematic side views of a portion of a second embodiment of an elevator system with two 1: 1 umhängengten cabins in a shaft, and

Fig. 4

a schematic plan view of a portion of the second embodiment of an elevator system according to Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5

two schematic side views of a part of an embodiment of a modernized elevator installation, in which an existing engine room is converted into an alternative space.

The Fig. 1 to 4 show embodiments of an elevator installation 10 for transporting persons / goods between floors 10, 10 ', 10 ", 10''' of a building The elevator installation 10 is advantageously installed in a shaft 11 of the building, for example, the shaft has a rectangular cross-section The shaft 11 has various walls 111, 112, 113, 114, a shaft head 11 ' and a shaft bottom 11 " . The various walls 111, 112, 113, 114 are delimited by edges, which edges are, for example, rectangular and extend through the length of the shaft 11 . The shaft 11 may also have other cross-sectional shapes such as a hexagon with six different walls, it may also have a circular cross section with have several different wall areas. Different wall areas are defined by angle segments, for example, a circular shaft consists of four wall areas of 90 ° each or six wall areas of 60 °, etc. Of course, the shaft 11 may extend only partially through the building. The elevator installation 10 can be installed without a box in an inner courtyard of a building or else outside a building. The expert has many possibilities of variation here.

The elevator installation 10 has at least two cabins 1, 1 ' , which cabins are moved one above the other in the vertical direction of travel in the shaft 11 . The term "movable one above the other" is understood to mean that the other car is not driven over, ie a lower car 1 always remains below an upper car 1 ' . The cabins 1, 1 ' are conventional and proven elevator cars, which are moved via guide shoes on at least one car guide rail 3, 3' . Advantageously, both cabins 1, 1 'use two car guide rails 3, 3' close to different first walls 111, 112. Advantageously, a first car guide rail 3 is arranged close to a first wall 111 and a second car guide rail 3 ' is close arranged on a further first wall 112 . With knowledge of the present invention, of course, more than two cabins 1, 1 'can be moved along cabin guide rails 3, 3' in a shaft 11 in this way. Also, those skilled in the art may provide a single cab guide rail instead of a pair of cab guide rails.

Advantageously, the elevator installation 10 has a drive 4, 4 ' per cabin 1, 1' . A first drive 4 drives the upper car 1 ' , a second drive 4' drives the lower car 1 . The drive 4, 4 ' is, for example, a traction sheave drive. With knowledge of the present invention, all known and proven drives can be used. For example. can be gearless Use drives or those with gears. It is also possible to use drives with permanent magnets, with synchronous motor or asynchronous motor.

Advantageously, the elevator installation 10 per cabin 1 , 1 'has a counterweight 2, 2' . A traction sheave drive connects via at least one conveyor 5, 5 ' a car 1 , 1' with a counterweight 2, 2 ' and drives them. A first conveying means 5 connects the lower car 1 to an upper counterweight 2 and a second conveying means 5 ' connects the upper car 1' to a lower counterweight 2 '. Advantageously, the counterweights 2, 2 'are moved next to the cabins 1, 1' . For example. the cabins are moved 1,1 ' in the middle of the shaft and the counterweights 2, 2' are moved at the shaft edge close to the first walls 111, 112 . The conveyor 5, 5 ' may have any shape, it may also be made of any materials. For example. the conveyor 5, 5 'is a round rope, double rope or a belt. For example. is the conveyor 5, 5 'at least partially made of steel or aramid fibers.

In the embodiments of an elevator installation 10 according to Fig. 1 to 4 the counterweights 2, 2 ' next to each other next to the cabins 1, 1' proceed. The term "movable side by side" is understood to mean passing over the counterweights 2, 2 ' , ie each of the counterweights 2, 2' uses at least one counterweight guide rail 6, 6 ', 7, 7'. Advantageously, each counterweight 2, 2 ' uses a pair of counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 '. The upper counterweight 2 has a first pair of counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ' mounted close to a first wall 111 and the lower counterweight 2' has a second pair of counterweight guide rails 7, 7 ' close to a first one Wall 112 is mounted. With knowledge of the present invention, it is of course possible for the skilled person to make variations of this embodiment. So the counterweights do not necessarily have to be moved next to each other, but can also, like the cabins, be moved one above the other. The advantage of the superimposed method is that only a pair of guide rails for the Counterweights needed. Of course, the person skilled in the art can use only a single counterweight guide rail for both weights.

The cabins 1, 1 ' and the counterweights 2, 2' can be moved in 1: 2 suspension or in 1: 1 suspension. In 1: 2 suspension, the conveyor 5, 5 ' via at least one guide roller 21,21', 20, 20 ' with the car 1, 1 or with the counterweight 2, 2' is connected. In 1: 1 suspension, the conveyor is 5,5 ' connected with one end directly to the car 1, 1' and the counterweight 2, 2 ' .

In the embodiment of an elevator installation 10 according to Fig. 1 and 2 the cabins and the counterweights are 1: 2 umgehängt. For example. are two pulleys 21 , 21 ' as lower bottles below each car 1, 1' arranged. B spw. is a deflection roller 20, 20 ' above each counterweight 2, 2' arranged. Advantageously, the two ends of the conveyor 5, 5 ' as Fördermittelfixpunkte 50, 50' in the shaft head 11 ' on cabin guide rails 3, 3' and on counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ' , 7, 7' attached. The term "cabin guide rails or counterweight guide rails" is understood to mean a combination of cabin guide rails 3, 3 ' and / or counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 ' . The conveying means 5, 5 ' extends from a first conveying means fixed point 50 on counterweight guide rails 6, 7' via the counterweight deflection roller 20, 20 ' to the traction sheave of the drive 4, 4' , from there via the cabin deflection rollers 21, 21 ' a second conveyor fixed point 50 ' on counterweight guide rails 6', 7. The conveyor fixing points 50, 50 ' are thus attached to guide rails close to two different first walls 111, 112 in the shaft 11 .

In the embodiment of an elevator installation 10 according to Fig. 3 and 4 The cabins and the counterweights are 1: 1 umgehängt. The conveyor 5, 5 ' extends from a first conveyor fixed point 50 on the counterweight 2, 2' to the traction sheave of the drive 4, 4 ' and from there to a second conveyor fixed point 50' on the cabin 1,1 ' . The advantage of the 1: 2 suspension over the 1: 1 suspension is that comparatively less powerful and thus smaller and cheaper drives 4, 4 ' are used. When 1: 2 suspension is compared to the 1: 1 suspension a twice as long conveyor 5, 5 ' needed, also several pulleys are required. With knowledge of the present invention, of course, other hangings such as 1: 4 and combinations of 1: 1 and 1: 2, etc. realize.

Advantageously, the drives 4, 4 'are mounted close to a first wall 111, 112 . The term "close to a first wall" is understood to mean an assembly of the drives 4, 4 ' on cab guide rails 3, 3' or on counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ', 7, 7' , which guide rails are close to a first one Wall 111, 112 are mounted, that is, which guide rails are basically free in the shaft, but, for example , are fixed to the first walls 111, 112 via brackets. The term "basically freestanding" is understood to mean an introduction of substantially all the forces occurring during operation of the elevator installation 10 ' via the cabin guide rails 3, 3' or the counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ', 7, 7' into the shaft floor 11 " The term "largely all forces occurring during operation of the elevator installation 10 " are understood, on the one hand, to mean the forces which occur during normal operation, but also those forces are understood which in the event of an emergency, for example when the safety gear is engaged, during buffer movements of Cabin or counterweights, etc. occur.

Advantageously, the drives 4, 4 ' on the car guide rails 3, 3' and on the counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ', 7, 7' supported. Advantageously, the drives 4, 4 'are arranged at substantially the same height in the shaft 11. Advantageously, the drives 4, 4 'are arranged substantially above the counterweights 2, 2' . Advantageously, electrical system 12, 12 ' for operating the elevator installation 10 is at least partially supported on the cabin guide rails 3, 3' or on the counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ', 7, 7 '. Such electricity 12, 12 'includes, for example, a converter for controlling the drives 4, 4' . or an electronics for the special operation of the elevator system 1 0, for example. In an emergency for evacuation or for revision work.

The cabin guide rails 3, 3 ' and the counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 ' thus form a self-supporting structure for supporting the cabins 1, 1' , the counterweights 2, 2 ' and for carrying elevator components such as Drives 4, 4 ' , and / or the electrical system 12, 12' and for fixing the conveyor fixing points 50, 50 ' . This self-supporting structure has minimal interfaces to the building, such as the fixing brackets of the guide rails. The self-supporting structure is largely symmetrical and mirrored with respect to a diagonal in the shaft cross-section. In the embodiments of the elevator installation 10 according to FIG Fig. 2 and 4 extends this diagonal of the corner of the walls 111 and 113 to the corner of the walls 112 and 114. Advantageously, the self-supporting structure in addition to the cabin guide rails 3, 3 ' and the counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 ' also horizontal support 22, 22 ' on. A first horizontal beam 22 is disposed near a first wall 111 above the first car guide rail 3 and the first pair of counterweight guide rails 6, 6 ' , respectively. A second horizontal beam 22 ' is disposed near a first wall 112 above the second car guide rail 3 ' and the second pair of counterweight guide rails 7, 7 ' , respectively. Advantageously, the drives 4, 4 ' and / or the Elektik 12, 12 ' and / or the Fördermittelfixpunkte 50, 50 ' on Horizontalträgem 22, 22' are arranged, which horizontal beams 22, 22 ' at the upper ends of the cabin guide rails 3, 3rd ' or the counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 'are mounted. Of course, with knowledge of the present invention, the person skilled in the art can realize many variants of the arrangement of elevator components and the design of the self-supporting structure. Thus, the person skilled in the art may also attach other elevator components, such as speed limiters, position markers, etc., which are not described in more detail here, to the self-supporting structure.

Advantageously, the access to the cabins 1, 1 ' via floor doors 9, 9' , which floor doors 9, 9 ' on second walls 113, 114 are arranged in the shaft 11 , which second walls 113, 114 of the first walls 111, 112 different are. In the embodiments of an elevator installation 10 according to FIGS Fig. 1 to 4 the car guide rails 3, 3 ' and the counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 ' with the counterweights 2, 2' and drives 4, 4 'are mounted close to two first walls 111, 112, while the access to the cabins 1, 1 ' via floor doors 9, 9' on two second walls 113, 114 .

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a modernized elevator installation 10, in which an existing machine room M is converted to at least one alternative room 8 . Fig. 5a shows the elevator installation before the modernization, where a machine room M is arranged above the shaft 11 , Fig. 5b the elevator installation 10 after the modernization, where an escape space 8 for at least one cabin 1, 1 'is provided in the shaft head 11' . The embodiment of a modernized elevator installation 10 according to Fig. 5b corresponds to that according to the Fig. 1 to 4 , so that reference is made to these parts of description.

For the sake of clarity, the Fig. 5a and 5b strongly schematized. So the existing counterweights are not shown. The important steps in the modernization of the elevator installation existing in removing the machine room floor B and in the assembly of K abinen guide rails 3, 3 ' and the counterweight guide rails 6, 6', 7, 7 ' close to first walls 111, 112, which guide rails in the previously used for the engine room M building space and drives 4, 4 ' or electrical 12, 12' wear. This building space in the shaft head 11 ' is used as an alternative space 8 new. The upper cabin 1 ' is moved so far in this alternative space 8 , that not only the upper cabin 1' but also the lower cabin 1, the top floor 10 "operated" . at Knowing the present invention, the skilled person can of course also realize such an alternative space 8 instead of a machine space lying below the shaft 11 . Of course, with knowledge of the present invention, the person skilled in the art can also realize two or more such alternative spaces in the shaft head 11 ' and / or in the shaft bottom 11 " .

Claims (14)

1. Lift installation (10) with at least two cages (1, 1') arranged one above the other in vertical travel direction in a shaft (11), at least one cage guide rail (3, 3') for guiding the cages (1, 1'), a counterweight (2, 2') for each cage (1, 1'), a drive (4, 4') for each cage (1, 1') and conveying means (5, 5') for connecting the drives (4, 4') and cages (1, 1'), characterised in that the drives (4, 4') are arranged near different first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11), at least one counterweight guide rail (6, 6', 7, 7') is provided for each counterweight (2, 2') and that the counterweights (2, 2') and the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7') are arranged near the first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11).
2. Lift installation (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the cage guide rail (3, 3') is arranged near a first wall (111, 112) in the shaft and/or that a pair of cage guide rails (3, 3') is arranged near the first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11).
3. Lift installation (10) according to claim 2, characterised in that the drives (4, 4') are supported on a pair of cage guide rails (3, 3') and two pairs of counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7').
4. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the drives (4, 4') are arranged in the shaft (11) at substantially the same height and/or that the drives (4, 4') are supported on the cage guide rail or rails (3, 3') or the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7').
5. Lift installation (10) according to claim 1 or 4, characterised in that each drive (4, 4') of a cage (1, 1') is arranged substantially above the counterweight (2, 2') of this cage (1, 1') and/or that the drives (4, 4') are supported on ends of the cage guide rail or rails (3, 3') or counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7').
6. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that electrical means (12, 12') are supported on the cage guide rail or rails (3, 3') or the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7') and/or that conveying means fixing points (50, 50') are fastened to the cage guide rail or rails (3, 3') or the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7').
7. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the cage guide rail or rails (3, 3') or the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7') as well as horizontal beams (22, 22') form a self-supporting structure.
8. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the access to the cages (1, 1') is effected by way of storey doors (9, 9'), which storey doors (9, 9') are arranged at second walls (113, 114) in the shaft (11) different from the first walls (111, 112).
9. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the cages (1, 1') have 1:1 or 1:2 slinging.
10. Lift installation (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that at least one diversion space (8) for at least one cage (1, 1') is provided, which diversion space (8) is arranged in the shaft head (11') and/or in the shaft base (11").
11. Method of operating a lift installation (10) with at least two cages (1, 1') arranged one above the other in vertical travel direction in a shaft (11), at least one cage guide rail (3, 3') for guiding the cages (1, 1'), a drive (4, 4') for each cage (1, 1'), which drives (4, 4') are arranged near different first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11), conveying means (5, 5') for connecting the drives (4, 4') and cages (1, 1'), a counterweight (2, 2') for each cage (1, 1'), and at least one counterweight guide rail (6, 6', 7, 7') for each counterweight (2, 2'), which counterweights (2, 2') and the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7') are arranged near the first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11), wherein the cages (1, 1') are entered by way of storey doors (9, 9') arranged at second walls (113, 114) in the shaft (11) different from the first walls (111, 112).
12. Method of modernising a lift installation, characterised in that at least two cages (1, 1') arranged one above the other in vertical travel direction are mounted in a shaft (11), with at least one cage guide rail (3, 3') for guiding the cages (1, 1'), a drive (4, 4') for each cage (1, 1'), which drives (4, 4') are arranged in the shaft (11) near different first walls (111, 112), conveying means (5, 5') for connecting the drives (4, 4') and cages (1, 1'), a counterweight (2, 2') for each cage (1, 1'), and at least one counterweight guide rail (6, 6', 7, 7') for each counterweight (2, 2'), which counterweights (2, 2') and the counterweight guide rails (6, 6', 7, 7') are arranged near the first walls (111, 112) in the shaft (11),
13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that at least one diversion space (8) for at least one cage (1, 1') is provided, which diversion space (8) is arranged in the shaft head (11') and/or in the shaft base (11").
14. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that an existing engine room is converted to at least one diversion space (8) for at least one cage (1, 1').

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