EP1056678B1 - Preassembled elevator shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator is provided which has a drive which in effective connection with a cable over deflection sheaves moves an elevator cabin running in a self-supporting shaft scaffold, as well as a counterweight in upward and downward directions, wherein deflection sheaves, drive sheaves as well as guide elements are combined in pre-assembled mounting units which can be quickly and easily assembled in the place of use. In addition, the elevator includes a drive which lifts and/or lowers an elevator cabin as well as a counterweight by at least one bending-flabby means guided over an arrangement of deflection sheaves, wherein the drive is incorporated into the arrangement of deflection sheaves as an element deflecting the bending-flabby means.

Description

The present invention relates to rope lifts as by the preamble of claim 1 described.

Elevator devices in which the elevator car is lifted over ropes or is lowered are well known. It is a common practice the necessary elements, such as guide rails, within an elevator shaft to be arranged for the elevator car and pulleys for the ropes etc. This procedure is not only extremely complex because one Large number of individual elements for the respective assembly of the transported there arranged individually and connected to the remaining elements of the elevator must be, but at the same time essentially unsuitable for retrofitting of old buildings with elevator systems, since no elevator shafts are present in which the individual elements of the to be assembled Elevator system can be arranged.

To build an elevator or building with despite the lack of a lift shaft To be able to retrofit such a device is provided by the patent US-A-3880258 to erect a self-supporting shaft frame made of vertical and horizontal girders, by gradually adding individual modules consisting of vertical and horizontal beams, i.e. one above the other, one inside the other, creating a self-supporting shaft structure is created. On this self-supporting shaft structure the guide rails are fixed from the inside. These guide rails however, there is only one management task. A load-bearing The guide rails do not perform this function. The Such a construction of a self-supporting shaft structure is therefore relatively expensive and labor intensive, because after the complete Manhole is an additional step for fastening the guide rails required.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an elevator device create that regardless of a building-technical elevator shaft is that is easy to manufacture and simple and economical to assemble is and despite the reduced material costs for the production of supporting structure in particular also flexible in the arrangement of the Drive or the rope pulleys is to z. B. in the modernization project to be able to meet the most diverse installation requirements.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1 solved, expedient embodiments described by the subclaims are.

An elevator device is provided in which the essential elements for Operation of the elevator, including the rope guide, pulleys and drives are summarized in modular mounting frames. In accordance with the invention these assembly units can be self-supporting Connect the shaft frame, which can be intercepted on a house wall. The guide elements for the cabin and the guide elements for the counterweight form the vertical girders of the shaft frame. By connecting them with the mounting frame representing the horizontal girders of the shaft frame a self-supporting shaft scaffold is created with little material.

At the same time there are good opportunities to adapt to the respective individual Installation situation. For example, in adapting to the respective individual case can be selected, which of the mounting frames the one is to be the one that receives the drive. There are also many options individually determine in what way the respective elevator components, the drive and the pulleys are attached to the mounting frame should be. So there is the possibility of mounting both inside and also outside of that bounded by the modular assembly elements Shaft cross-section. At the same time, such a self-supporting shaft structure serve for a lift as a supporting element for a protective covering by to be mounted on this cladding panels.

The modular assembly elements are preferably pre-assembled complete unit delivered to the assembly site and only assembled there.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit zwei unten liegenden Scheibenmotoren;

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit Getriebe;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit Getriebe;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;

Fig. 6

eine Detailansicht einer Seilrolle nach einer der Ausführungen der Figuren 1 bis 5, mit integrierter Scheibenbremse;

Fig. 7

eine seitliche Detailansicht einer Seilrolle nach einer der Ausführungen der Figuren 1 bis 5, mit integrierter Notbremse; und

Fig. 8

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilrolle nach Fig. 7.

Fig. 9

die schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Aufzuges mit im Aufzugsschacht liegendem Antrieb;

Fig. 10

eine Aufsicht auf die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 9

Fig. 11 und 12

die schematische Seitenansicht weiterer Ausführungsformen;

Fig. 13

eine Detailansicht einer Antriebseinheit wie in den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Figuren 1-4 verwendet, und

Fig. 14 - 17

weitere Ausführungsforman von Aufzügen mit im Aufzugsschacht liegenden Antriebseinheiten einer anderen als in den Figuren 1 - 13 gezeigten Art.

Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1

a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention with two underlying disc motors;

Fig. 2

a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention with gear;

Fig. 4

a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention with gear;

Fig. 5

a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6

a detailed view of a pulley according to one of the embodiments of Figures 1 to 5, with integrated disc brake;

Fig. 7

a detailed side view of a pulley according to one of the embodiments of Figures 1 to 5, with integrated emergency brake; and

Fig. 8

7 shows a plan view of the rope pulley according to FIG. 7.

Fig. 9

the schematic view of an embodiment of an elevator with the drive lying in the elevator shaft;

Fig. 10

a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 9th

11 and 12

the schematic side view of further embodiments;

Fig. 13

a detailed view of a drive unit as used in the embodiments of Figures 1-4, and

Figures 14-17

Another embodiment of elevators with drive units located in the elevator shaft of a different type than shown in FIGS. 1-13.

1 shows a top view of an embodiment of the present invention, in which an elevator car 1, which is provided with sliding doors 2, inside a self-supporting shaft structure is arranged and guided, which of vertically extending, segmented guide elements 3 for the Cabin 1, also vertically extending, segmented guide elements 4 for a counterweight 5 and also preferably from downward open Modular mounting frame 6 made of U-shaped bent sheets, with which the guide elements 3 and 4 are connected, preferably screwed or riveted. The mounting frame 6 can be in any vertical position on the guide elements 3 and 4, in particular at the interfaces of the individual segments of the vertical guide elements to connect them. On or in the module elements 6 can Traction sheaves 7, as well as pulleys 8 and 9, which are the drive and the guidance of what is necessary for raising and lowering the elevator car 1 Ropes or flat bands (not shown) are used. The one shown in Fig. 1 Embodiment, the two opposing traction sheaves 7 over a thru axle or hollow shaft (not shown) rotated, which with gear, without gear, as a ring motor, special motor, flat motor or any other possible drive unit can be formed, the drive including e.g. vertical on or in the shaft wall or house wall in front of the shaft frame is mounted, can be arranged.

FIG. 2 shows a partial side view of the embodiment that can be seen in FIG. 1 of the present invention. Matching elements are included provided with corresponding reference numerals. Figure 2 is particularly the Connection of the individual segments of the vertical guide elements 3 and 4 through the module elements 6, the segments of the guide elements 3 and 4 at the joint 10 engage tongue and groove and with fasteners like screws 11 or the like attached to the mounting frame 6 are. 2 shows a so-called 1: 1 version. That is, the ones to be lifted or loads to be lowered (the cabin and the counterweight) attached to one end of the ribbon or rope. Neither cabin, nor the counterweight hangs in the bottle (no pulley effect realized). On Drive, not shown, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 the traction sheaves, is together with the traction sheaves 7 in the area of lower mounting frame 6 housed. That is, here is the embodiment "Drive below" realized.

A drive (not shown) which, according to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 acts on the traction sheaves 7, can be modified from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Embodiment in the most different places by the guide elements 3 and 4 and the mounting frame 6 formed shaft structure be arranged, i.e. both on the lower mounting frame 6 or on the upper Mounting frame 6, as well as possibly to be provided on another Mounting frame as well as inside or outside of through the shaft frame formed elevator shaft.

Fig. 2a shows a partial side view of an embodiment which consists of a Modification of Fig. 1 emerged. In this embodiment realized the 1: 1 principle. However, the drive 7 ', not shown, is now arranged together with the traction sheaves on the upper mounting frame, it is the principle "drive top" realized.

A further modification is shown in FIG. 2 b. The drive is not shown here in addition to traction sheaves 7 "in turn arranged on the lower mounting frame. (Principle "drive below") However, the so-called 2: 1 principle is implemented here. Both ends of the elevator rope or flat belt are fixed to the building. Both the The elevator car as well as the counterweight hang in the bottle. H. it will be the so-called pulley effect exploited.

2 c shows a further modification. This embodiment also works on the so-called 2: 1 principle. In this embodiment, however, the drive, not shown, together with the associated traction sheaves 7 ″ is in turn accommodated in the upper mounting frame 6, ie the “drive above” principle is implemented.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the motor is located outside the elevator shaft formed by the shaft frame as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, but also arrangements of the drive 12 in the middle between the two driven traction sheaves 7 or on any other Place between the traction sheaves 7 can be arranged. The embodiment of FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment also in terms of the number and the arrangement of the rope pulleys 13 to 16, via which the rope or flat belt necessary for lifting and lowering the cabin 1 and the counterweight 5 is in turn guided.

4 shows a further embodiment of the present invention. in the 3, the cable pulleys 16 are through a rope pulley 17 attached to the counterweight 5 is replaced. The drive takes place again via traction sheaves 7, which are driven by a shaft 18 connecting them be, with the drive in the middle between the traction sheaves 7 on the Shaft 18 is arranged. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the drive sits 12 in the area of a lower mounting frame 6. Of course it is conceivable also the arrangement of the drive 12 in the area of the upper assembly unit 6, the together with the guide elements 3 and 4 and the upper assembly units 6 form the hoistway for the elevator.

5 shows in a schematic manner an embodiment according to the Invention, in which the elevator car 1 like a backpack in front of the devices for Up and down movement of the elevator car 1 is arranged. All facilities for moving the elevator car 1 and the counterweight 5 up and down are inside the elevator shaft 1a in a flat in front of the rear wall of the Elevator shaft attachable mounting unit 6 summarized, in which Fig. 5 shows schematically only the traction sheave 7. At the traction sheave 7 it can be in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 next to a traction sheave also act as a ring motor. A is also conceivable Drive with gear, drive and / or gear in the rear wall of the Elevator shaft 1a are arranged and the perforated plate principle is used comes.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a rope pulley 19 which is in a mounting frame 6 is mounted. On the mounting frame 6, one is also preferred regulated rope brake 20 arranged, which engages with a on the pulley 19th attached brake disc 21 is.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a rope pulley 22 which is in a mounting frame 6 is rotatably arranged and preferably upwards through an opening 23 stands out in this. Brake wedges 24 are arranged on both sides of the opening 23. In the event of an axial failure of the pulley 22, this is caused by the Ropes 25 acting load of the elevator up in contact with the brake wedges 24 pulled so that an emergency braking of the elevator takes place. Figure 8 shows one Top view of the arrangement according to FIG. 7.

The other figures explain advantageous options for arranging the drive. The drive can be outside of the mounting frame defined "shaft cross-section" if the bid is more optimal Utilization of space it requires, within that defined by the mounting frame Shaft cross-section attached. The mounting frame and the guide rails are therefore no longer shown below, since the person skilled in the art different mounting options are common.

9 shows a side view of an elevator device with an elevator car 1 h, the side guides, not shown, inside the elevator shaft is led. The elevator car is raised and lowered for 1 hour in accordance with the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 via a drive 3 h, which is a so-called flat motor, a disc motor or a traction sheave can act. The drive acts on a rope or Flat ribbon 4 h, which, as shown, with both ends 4 h1 and 4 h2 on the Ceiling of the elevator shaft is anchored (2: 1 principle). The rope or ribbon 4 h runs from its first anchor point 4 h1 on the ceiling of the Elevator shaft via a first one arranged below the elevator car for 1 h Roll 5 h to a second 1 h also arranged below the elevator car Roll 6 h and from there to one arranged below the ceiling of the elevator shaft Roll 7 h. The rope or flat ribbon 4 h will turn 7 h from this reel deflected and downward within the elevator shaft to the drive 3 h and led around it, with a correspondingly arranged another pulley 8 h a loop of the drive 3 h of approximately three quarters can be achieved. This leads from this role 8 h Rope or ribbon 4 h turn up to one also below the Cover of the elevator shaft arranged pulley 9 h and from there horizontally to another pulley 10 h. From this pulley 10 h Rope or ribbon 4 h down to one on a counterweight 11 h Arranged pulley 12 h, from which the rope or flat belt 4 h in turn up to the second fastening point 4 h2 on the ceiling of the elevator shaft leads.

FIG. 10 shows the same elements as FIG. 1, but in a top view the arrangement.

11 is an alternative embodiment of the course of the ropes or flat belts shown for the up and down movement of the elevator car 1 k (also 2: 1 Principle). Here are the axes of rotation of the flat motor 3 k and in direct connection with the flat motor 3 k stationary pulley 8 k at right angles to the axis of rotation at the bottom of the Elevator cab arranged deflection rollers 5 k and 6 k, as well as to the axis of rotation the deflection roller 12 k on the counterweight 11 k and the axis of rotation the reversing pulleys 13 k and 14 k rotating during operation. At the in Fig. 11 shown variant of the course of the rope or ribbon 4 k Raising and lowering the elevator car 1 k is compared to the embodiment 9 a pulley saved, since the pulleys 7 k, 9 k and 10 k of FIGS. 9 and 10 through the deflection rollers 13 k and 14 k according to FIG. 11 be replaced.

Fig. 12 shows a further variant of the course of the rope or ribbon 4 1 for lifting and lowering the elevator car 1 l (also 2: 1 principle). Here is the orientation of the axes of rotation of the flat motor 3 l and the Deflection rollers 5 l, 6 l, 8 l, 12 l, 13 l and 14 l in the same direction. The pulleys and the flat motor are preferably in the same plane, whereby a flat and space-saving arrangement of the arrangement of flat motor and counterweight outside the area of the elevator car itself possible becomes.

13 shows a schematic representation of the possible arrangement of the Flat motor 3 m and the associated deflection roller 8 m as in the embodiments shown in accordance with Figures 9 to 12, in a possible Positioning within a breakthrough of an elevator shaft wall 15 m, the breakthrough in the embodiment shown with an enclosing profiled frame 16 m is provided. The flat motor arrangement 3 m and pulley 8 m in the elevator shaft wall can be 15 m the height of the basement floor or any other floor. alternative however, there is a positioning in the side door area on each Floor or in a shaft pit in front of the elevator shaft. The Flat motor 3 m also serves as a brake.

The embodiment of the preceding Figures 9-13 allows one Both ends of the rope or ribbon fixed to the ceiling of an elevator shaft 4 h - m to raise and lower the elevator car 1 h - m essentially arbitrary arrangement of the individual elements of the elevator to each other, which means that the drive devices are easily accessible and thus easy Assembly and maintenance can be guaranteed.

14 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which a drive with two separately or jointly driven by a connecting shaft Traction sheaves 17 n and 18 n is provided. In contrast to that from the Figures 9 to 13 apparent embodiment is based on the variants of FIGS. 14 to 16 of a further exemplary embodiment do not have an elevator car by a rope attached to the ceiling of the elevator shaft with both ends or flat belt, which runs over deflection rollers and a flat drive, raised and lowered, but over two mirror-inverted arranged Ropes or flat belts 27 n1 and 27 n2. The ends of each are attached to a frame 19 n on which an elevator car is to be suspended, as well as on a counterweight 26 n (this implements the so-called 1: 1 principle). The ropes or flat belts 27 n1 and run between these two ends 27 n2 via the deflection rollers 21 n and 23 n or 20 n and 22 n to a traction sheave 18 n or 19 n and from there via a deflection roller 25 n or 24 n the counterweight 26 n. The deflection rollers 21 n to 25 n are direct or over one or more frames under the ceiling of an elevator shaft, not shown attached, the axes of rotation of the pulleys 24 n and 25 n, over which the ropes or flat belts 27 n1 and 27 n2 to the counterweight 26 n run, perpendicular to the course of the axis of rotation of the remaining deflection rollers 20 n to 23 n.

15 shows essentially the same arrangement as shown in FIG. 14, but with the ropes or flat belts 27 p1 and 27 p2 from the pulleys 20 p and 21 p lead directly to the traction sheaves 17 p and 18 p, whereby the deflection rollers 22 n and 23 n, as can be seen from FIG. 14, are saved can.

Finally, FIG. 16 shows a further variant of the embodiments 14 and 15, in addition to those shown in FIG. 14 Deflection rollers 20 n to 25 n (here 20 q - 25 q) further deflection rollers 28 q and 29 q are provided and the pulleys 24 q and 25 q on the basis of the Frame 19 q opposite side of the traction sheave 17 q and 18 q, the axis of rotation of the pulleys 24 q and 25 q of the orientation of the Axes of rotation of the deflection rollers correspond to 20 q to 23 q as well as 28 q and 29 q. In this way, the drive or the traction sheaves 17 q and 18 q as well as the counterweight 26 q on the opposite sides of the frame Arrange 19 q or the elevator car suspended from it.

Fig. 17 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein on the Underside of an elevator car 1 guided in an elevator shaft 33 s (Guide not shown) a drive 31 s is arranged, which on a rope or a flat band acts for 30 s, which at point 30 s1 on the ceiling of the elevator shaft 33 s and at point 30 s2 on the floor of the elevator shaft 33 s is attached. To ensure sufficient wrap around it, preferably as a flat motor Achieved drive 31 s is below the elevator car 1 an additional deflection roller 32 s arranged.

Of course, a combination of the individual features is also shown Embodiments possible.

Claims (18)

1. Elevator having a drive unit which in operative association with a cable or flat belt guided over rollers moves an elevator car (1) and a counterweight (5) up and down inside an elevator shaft, characterised in that the elevator car is arranged and guided inside a self-supporting shaft carcass, the vertical beams of which are formed by the segmented guiding elements (3) for the car (1) and the segmented guiding elements (4) for a counterweight (5), and the horizontal beams of which are formed by modular assembly frames (6) which are joined to the guiding elements (3 and 4).
2. Elevator according to claim 1, characterised in that it has an elevator drive unit which is arranged inside an elevator shaft and raises and/or lowers an elevator car and a counterweight in the elevator shaft by means of at least one non-rigid mechanism guided over an arrangement of deflection rollers, the drive unit being integrated into the deflection roller arrangement as an element which deflects the non-rigid mechanism.
3. Elevator according to claim 1, characterised in that the driven or freely rotating rollers necessary for raising and lowering the elevator car (1) and the counterweight (5) are installed in the preassembled assembly frames (6).
4. Elevator according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the preassembled assembly frames (6) are made up of angular plates.
5. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vertical guiding elements (3, 4) are segmented, with the segments engaging in tongue-and-groove fashion with one another at a joint (10).
6. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the joint (10) of the segmented guiding elements (3, 4) is arranged in the region of the assembly frames (6), with the respective assembly frame (6) serving as a connecting element for the respective segments of the guiding element (3, 4).
7. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive unit consists of independently powered driving wheels.
8. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two of the rollers (7) can be set in rotation by a drive unit via a linch pin or hollow shaft.
9. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive unit is constructed with gearing, without gearing, as a ring motor, as a disk-type motor, as a special-purpose motor or as a pancake motor.
10. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged outside the elevator shaft constituted by the assembly frames (6) and the vertical guiding elements (3, 4).
11. Elevator according to claim 6, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged inside the elevator shaft constituted by the assembly frames (6) and the vertical guiding elements (3, 4).
12. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that arranged on at least one of the assembly frames (6) is an automatically regulated cable brake which engages with a brake disk (20) which is affixed on a roller arranged in the assembly frame.
13. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that on at least one of the assembly frames (6) there is provided an emergency brake which, in the event that the shaft of a roller arranged in the assembly frame fails, then engages with said roller.
14. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged level with an exit from the elevator shaft to a floor or cellar.
15. Elevator according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged in a shaft pit in front of the elevator shaft.
16. Elevator according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged on the elevator car.
17. Elevator according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged on a counterweight.
18. Elevator according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the non-rigid mechanism is a flat belt.

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