EP1449408B1 - Circuit pour matrice de del - Google Patents

Circuit pour matrice de del Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1449408B1
EP1449408B1 EP02803750A EP02803750A EP1449408B1 EP 1449408 B1 EP1449408 B1 EP 1449408B1 EP 02803750 A EP02803750 A EP 02803750A EP 02803750 A EP02803750 A EP 02803750A EP 1449408 B1 EP1449408 B1 EP 1449408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
led
current
circuit
chains
regulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP02803750A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1449408A1 (fr
EP1449408B2 (fr
Inventor
Simon BLÜMEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ams Osram International GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from DE10242365.2A external-priority patent/DE10242365B4/de
Application filed by Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH filed Critical Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH
Publication of EP1449408A1 publication Critical patent/EP1449408A1/fr
Publication of EP1449408B1 publication Critical patent/EP1449408B1/fr
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Publication of EP1449408B2 publication Critical patent/EP1449408B2/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/52—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a parallel array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S362/00—Illumination
    • Y10S362/80—Light emitting diode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for an LED array, in particular for a light-signaling device, with two or more parallel-connected LED chains, in each of which at least one LED (light emitting diode, light emitting diode) is arranged, wherein at two or more LEDs are connected in series.
  • the anode sides of the LED chains can each be connected to the positive pole of a supply voltage, the cathode sides can be coupled to the negative pole of the supply voltage.
  • a circuit arrangement for a light-emitting diode display with 7-segment elements, in which a compensation circuit is arranged parallel to the 7-segment elements, is off DE 3030058 known. Furthermore, in US 5,939,839 a circuit with a self-regulating power supply for a lighting element described.
  • a variation of the forward voltage of LEDs can on the one hand be production-related.
  • a fine grouping of the LEDs with respect to the Duchlassbeginn is conceivable. This is comparatively high Costs associated with appropriate logistics and warehousing is required.
  • the forward voltage of a LED is temperature-dependent, whereby in turn different temperature dependencies can occur between individual LEDs. A temperature change can therefore lead to a change in the forward voltages.
  • an electrical resistance is connected in series with each LED chain. Overall, this resistance leads to a flatter UI characteristic of the relevant LED chain, so that a certain limitation of the current in the LED chain is achieved.
  • the size of this resistor and thus the voltage dropping therefrom whereby the efficiency of the overall system is deteriorated.
  • a change in the forward voltage of an LED chain can also be caused by the failure of individual LEDs, for example by shorting an LED. This results in a current setting by means of series-connected resistors to a strong redistribution of the currents in the LED chains.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a circuit arrangement for an LED array of the type mentioned, in which a predetermined distribution of the currents to the individual LED chains as possible, even with different forward voltages or a change in the forward voltages in the individual LED chains largely maintained becomes.
  • the predetermined current distribution should remain as unchanged as possible.
  • a control arrangement for controlling a predetermined current distribution is connected to the individual LED chains in series with each LED chain.
  • the control arrangements each comprise a current amplification circuit for impressing the current in the respective LED chain.
  • the current amplification circuits can each have a control input for controlling the current in the LED chain, wherein the control inputs of the current amplification circuits are connected to each other.
  • the current in the respective LED strings is set by means of a voltage drop at a resistor connected in series to the respective current amplifier circuit.
  • LEDs in the invention are to be understood as light emitting diodes of any type, in particular in the form of LED components.
  • a control arrangement in each case a combination of a transistor provided with an emitter resistor, wherein the collector-emitter path or the emitter resistor is connected in series with the respective LED chain.
  • the base terminals of the transistors which represent the above-mentioned control inputs, connected to each other and are in operation at the same potential.
  • the emitter resistor is used in particular for adjusting the current distribution on the LED chains.
  • the value of the emitter resistors is in each case inversely proportional to the corresponding emitter current which approximately corresponds to the collector current or the current in the associated LED chain (with the exception of broken LED chains, as will be explained in more detail below).
  • a drive circuit supplies the base terminals of the transistors with a predetermined current.
  • separate drive circuits are provided for the individual LED chains.
  • the control circuit acting upon the base terminals of the transistors with a predetermined current is in each case formed as a series circuit of a diode and a resistor, which connects the collector and base terminals of the transistors.
  • the diodes ensure that the operating conditions for the transistors are fulfilled and, on the other hand, prevent a redistribution of the currents in the LED chains via the common connection of the base terminals.
  • a change in the forward voltage of an LED chain for example, by a change in temperature or by can be caused by the short circuit of an LED is intercepted by means of the drive circuit by a corresponding change in the associated collector-base voltage, so that the collector current and thus the current in the relevant LED chain does not change or only to a small extent.
  • the forward voltage of the LED chain decreases. This is compensated by means of the associated control arrangement in that the collector-base voltage increases at the associated transistor. Since only the respective base current of the transistors flows through the resistors of the drive circuit, which is typically smaller by a factor of 100 to 250 than the collector current, the resistors can each be dimensioned so that even with a small change in the current through the resistor sufficient high voltage to compensate for the different forward voltages in the individual LED chains at the resistor drops.
  • the fault situation that is opposite to a short circuit of an LED is a failure of an LED that interrupts the LED chain. This can be caused for example by an overload of the LED, so that the LED "burns through”.
  • the voltage between the collector and base of the associated transistor breaks down.
  • the base of the defective-chain transistor is still at the same potential due to the common electrical connection of the transistor base terminals.
  • the transistor of the defective LED chain is thus operated as a diode, with the necessary compensation currents Flow over the intact LED chains and the connection of the Tranistorbasisan realise.
  • the predetermined by the dimensioning of the emitter resistors current distribution is maintained for the remaining intact LED chains, the currents in the intact LED chains are approximately equal to the respective emitter currents and in turn in each case inversely proportional to the corresponding emitter resistors.
  • the intended current distribution is kept constant even with extreme changes in the forward voltages.
  • the collector currents or the currents in the LED chains typically only fluctuate by a few mA.
  • neither an interruption of an LED chain nor a short circuit in an LED chain leads to the breakdown of the current distribution.
  • a costly grouping of the LED components according to forward voltages is not required.
  • the values of the resistors in the drive circuit in the first embodiment of the invention range between 100 ohms and 1000 ohms. This can be generated by relatively small currents sufficiently high compensation voltages to compensate for different forward voltages of the LED chains.
  • the described embodiment represents an energetically advantageous overall system, especially with longer LED chains.
  • the LED array can be flexibly designed, it being possible to set a predetermined current for each LED chain, in particular without any particular effort. In general, a uniform current distribution will be desired, which is readily feasible by the same emitter resistors.
  • a plurality of LEDs 2 are each connected in series to LED chains. Shown are three chains LK1, LK2, LK3, each with four LEDs 2, wherein a circuit arrangement according to the invention may of course also comprise a different number of LEDs in the LED chains or a different number of LED chains. This is illustrated by the dashed lines in the supply voltage lines (s.u.), the connection of the transistor base connections (s.u.) and the LED chains. Furthermore, the number and / or the type of LEDs in the individual LED chains can vary from chain to chain.
  • a melting resistor Fu1, Fu2, Fu3 can be connected in series with the LED chains LK1, LK2, LK3.
  • the LED chains LK1, LK2, LK3 are connected on the anode side respectively to the positive pole of a supply voltage U V and on the cathode side in each case to a regulation arrangement RA1, RA2, RA3.
  • the control arrangements RA1, RA2, RA3 each include an NPN transistor T1, T2, T3, whose collector terminal C1, C2, C3 respectively with the cathode side of the associated LED chain LK1, LK2, LK3 or with the optionally interposed melt resistance Fu1, Fu2, Fu3 is connected.
  • the emitter terminal E1, E2, E3 is in each case via an emitter resistor R12, R22, R32 connected to the negative pole of a supply voltage U V.
  • the transistors T1, T2, T3 are designed in the illustrated arrangement as commercial npn transistors. Between the cathode side or the melting resistance of each LED chain and the respective base terminal B1, B2, B3 of the associated transistor T1, T2, T3 is in each case a drive circuit in the form of a series circuit of a diode D1, D2, D3 and an electrical resistor R11, R21, R31 switched.
  • the base terminals B1, B2, B3 of the transistors T1, T2, T3 are connected together.
  • the following description also applies generally to an LED array with N LED strings, where x is between 1 and N.
  • the current Ix which - apart from the respective much lower base current corresponds to the current in the respective LED chain LKx, is regulated so that at the base-emitter path of the associated transistor Tx a voltage of about 0.65 V occurs.
  • the current is adjusted via the transistors T1, T2, T3, that at the emitter resistors falling voltage is about 0.65 V below the common base potential. Since the voltage between the base and emitter of 0.65V in the transistors T1, T2, T3 is (almost) the same, must to drop at the respective emitter resistors R12, R22, R32, the same voltages.
  • the currents I1, I2, I3 in the LED chains are thus controlled so that the voltages U12, U22, U32 are equal. Overall, this determines the distribution of the currents on the LED chains through the emitter resistors R12, R22, R32, the ratio of the currents being equal to the ratio of the reciprocal emitter resistance values.
  • each of the emitter current which is composed of the associated base and collector current, equated with the collector current, thus neglecting the significantly lower base current compared.
  • all emitter resistors R12, R22, R32 must have the same resistance value.
  • a different energization of the different chains can be realized without special effort by different values for the emitter resistors R12, R22, R32.
  • the energization of the LED chains can be advantageously adapted as required, without further, possibly more complex changes of the circuit are required.
  • a change in the forward voltage of an LED chain LKx, for example by shorting an LED is intercepted by a corresponding change in the associated collector-base voltage.
  • the above-explained setting of the emitter current Ix and thus the current in the LED chain LKx remains this almost untouched, so that the collector current or the current in the LED chain does not change or only slightly.
  • the power supply of the base inputs B1, B2, B3 of the transistors T1, T2, T3 is realized in each case by means of a drive circuit in the form of a series connection of a diode D1, D2, D3 and a resistor R11, R21, R31.
  • the diodes D1, D2, D3 here have a dual function: On the one hand, they set the operating condition of the transistors T1, T2, T3, i. On the other hand, they suppress cross-currents between the individual LED chains LK1, LK2, LK3, on the other hand they suppress the required voltage at the respective collector-base path Cx-Bx. The latter causes that over the common electrical connection of the transistor bases B1, B2, B3 no current, for example due to potential differences in the individual LED chains LK1, LK2, LK3, which may be caused because of different forward voltages or a short-circuited LED, of a LED chain can flow into another LED chain.
  • the diodes D1, D2, D3 are dimensioned such that a voltage drops across them, which for a stable operating condition of the transistors T1, T2, T3 is sufficient.
  • LEDs could also be used here, which can additionally serve as an optical indicator for different forward voltages in the individual chains.
  • resistors R11, R21, R31 Via the electrical resistors R11, R21, R31 flows the base current of the transistors T1, T2, T3, which is typically smaller by a factor of 100 to 250 than the collector current.
  • These resistors R11, R21, R31 are preferably dimensioned so that even a very small change in the base current through the resistor Rx1, for example in the range below 1 mA, causes a sufficiently large change in the voltage across the resistor Rx1, whereby different forward voltages or a change the forward voltages of the individual LED chains LK1, LK2, LK3 are compensated.
  • the resistors R11, R21, R31 preferably have values in the range of 100 ohms to 1000 ohms.
  • the compensation currents for maintaining the voltage at the emitter resistor of the interrupted LED chain also flow via the drive circuits of the remaining chains.
  • the resistors R11, R21, R31 must not necessarily have the same value in principle. For optimum reliability and symmetry of the arrangement, equal resistance values are advantageous.
  • a fuse Fux is connected in series with an LED chain LKx, which additionally prevents excessive current in an LED chain.
  • the fuse will burn and thus switch off the LED string in a defined manner. This will interrupt the LED chain.
  • the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3 can be designed, for example, as a melt resistance. In this case, commercially available melt resistors can be used, which burn out from a defined power and thus permanently interrupt the flow of current.
  • a further advantage of the described embodiment of the invention or of the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 is that with each LED chain LKx, a partial flow is branched off for regulation. This increases the reliability and stability of the system.
  • the tolerance of the base currents is 2%, so that overall a comparatively high precision of the current distribution is achieved.
  • circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1 can be expanded by any desired number of LED strings in the manner shown.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 1 can be constructed in an analogous manner with pnp transistors.
  • a corresponding second exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the third exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 3 A and B shows an LED array of a size that is used, for example, in signaling technology.
  • Corresponding circuits can be used for example for traffic signals such as traffic lights or warning lights or for railway signals.
  • the circuit essentially corresponds to FIG. 2.
  • a total of 120 LEDs 2 are connected in parallel in 20 LED chains LK1,..., LK20 with 6 LEDs each.
  • the currents in the LED chains of the LED array are additionally controlled by a monitoring circuit 4 which is not described in more detail here.
  • the described embodiment of the invention is characterized by a particular stability, since in general all LED chains contribute to the current for regulation. Furthermore, this embodiment has an advantageously high overall efficiency.

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  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL ayant deux ou plusieurs chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL montées en parallèle, dans lesquelles, respectivement, au moins une DEL (2) est montée, les DEL (2), quand elles sont deux ou plusieurs, étant montées en série, dans lequel, respectivement, les côtés d'anode des chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL peuvent être couplés au pôle positif d'une tension (Uv) d'alimentation et les côtés de cathode au pôle négatif de la tension (Uv) d'alimentation,
    caractérisé en ce que
    avec chaque chaîne (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL, est monté en série, respectivement, un dispositif (RA1, RA2, RA3) pour la régulation d'une répartition determinée de courant entre les diverses chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL, dans lequel
    les dispositifs (RA1, RA2, RA3) de régulation comprennent respectivement un circuit amplificateur de courant pour injecter un courant dans les chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL suivant la répartition de courant déterminée, et
    les circuits amplificateurs de courant ont respectivement une entrée de régulation pour réguler le courant dans la chaîne de DEL associée, les entrées de régulation étant reliées entre elles et le courant dans la chaîne de DEL associée étant réglé au moyen d'une résistance montée en série avec le circuit amplificateur de courant.
  2. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs (RA1, RA2, RA3) de régulation comportent respectivement un transistor (T1, T2, T3), de préférence bipolaire, dont la borne (C1, C2, C3) de collecteur est reliée, respectivement, au côté de cathode de la chaîne (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL respective, et dont la borne (E1, E2, E3) d'émetteur peut être reliée, respectivement, par une résistance (R12, R22, R32) d'émetteur au pôle négatif de la tension (Uv) d'alimentation, les bornes (B1, B2, B3) de base des transistors (T1, T2, T3) étant reliées entre elles et un circuit de commande alimentant les bornes (B1, B2, B3) de base des transistors (T1, T2, T3) avec un courant déterminé.
  3. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs (RA1, RA2, RA3) de régulation comportent respectivement un transistor (T1, T2, T3), de préférence bipolaire, dont la borne (C1, C2, C3) de collecteur est reliée respectivement au côté d'anode de la chaîne (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL associée et dont la borne (E1, E2, E3) d'émetteur peut être reliée respectivement par une résistance (R12, R22, R32) d'émetteur au pôle positif de la tension (Uv) d'alimentation, les bornes (B1, B2, B3) de base des transistors (T1, T2, T3) étant reliées entre elles, et un circuit de commande alimentant les bornes (B1, B2, B3) de base des transistors (T1, T2, T3) avec un courant déterminé.
  4. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme circuit de commande, respectivement, un circuit série constitué d'une diode (D1, D2, D3) et d'une résistance (R11, R21, R31), qui est monté entre la borne (C1, C2, C3) respective de collecteur et la borne (B1, B2, B3) respective de base du transistor (T1, T2, T3) du dispositif (RA1, RA2, RA3) de régulation respectif.
  5. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les résistances (R12, R22, R32) d'émetteur servent à régler le courant dans les chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL respectives.
  6. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs des résistances (R12, R22, R32) d'émetteur sont comprises entre 1 ohm et 100 ohms et sont, de préférence, d'environ 10 ohms.
  7. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que respectivement un fusible (Fu1, Fu2, Fu3), de préférence une résistance fusible, est monté en série avec les chaînes (LK1, LK2, LK3) de DEL.
  8. Circuit pour une matrice de DEL suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de DEL est un dispositif de signalisation lumineux.
EP02803750A 2001-11-26 2002-11-26 Circuit pour matrice de del Expired - Fee Related EP1449408B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10157645 2001-11-26
DE10157645 2001-11-26
DE10242365 2002-09-12
DE10242365.2A DE10242365B4 (de) 2001-11-26 2002-09-12 Schaltungsanordnung für ein LED-Array
PCT/DE2002/004329 WO2003047314A1 (fr) 2001-11-26 2002-11-26 Circuit pour matrice de del

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1449408A1 EP1449408A1 (fr) 2004-08-25
EP1449408B1 true EP1449408B1 (fr) 2007-08-15
EP1449408B2 EP1449408B2 (fr) 2011-08-31

Family

ID=26010644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02803750A Expired - Fee Related EP1449408B2 (fr) 2001-11-26 2002-11-26 Circuit pour matrice de del

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7317287B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1449408B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP4488489B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1596560B (fr)
DE (1) DE50210722D1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI235349B (fr)
WO (1) WO2003047314A1 (fr)

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DE102008039526A1 (de) 2008-08-23 2010-02-25 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Verfahren zur Stromversorgung eines LED-Arrays sowie Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
WO2011107138A1 (fr) 2010-03-01 2011-09-09 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Procédé d'alimentation électrique d'un réseau de diodes électroluminescentes, ainsi qu'agencement de circuits pour la mise en œuvre du procédé
US8907569B2 (en) 2011-10-27 2014-12-09 Diehl Aerospace Gmbh Lighting device for an AC power supply

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US20050077838A1 (en) 2005-04-14
JP4488489B2 (ja) 2010-06-23
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TWI235349B (en) 2005-07-01
DE50210722D1 (de) 2007-09-27
EP1449408A1 (fr) 2004-08-25
EP1449408B2 (fr) 2011-08-31
TW200300545A (en) 2003-06-01
US7317287B2 (en) 2008-01-08
JP2005510891A (ja) 2005-04-21
CN1596560B (zh) 2011-04-06

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