EP1414275A1 - Appareil de chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1414275A1
EP1414275A1 EP03022497A EP03022497A EP1414275A1 EP 1414275 A1 EP1414275 A1 EP 1414275A1 EP 03022497 A EP03022497 A EP 03022497A EP 03022497 A EP03022497 A EP 03022497A EP 1414275 A1 EP1414275 A1 EP 1414275A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
heating device
legs
base part
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03022497A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1414275B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Starck
Franz Flick
Frank Kamy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1414275A1 publication Critical patent/EP1414275A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1414275B1 publication Critical patent/EP1414275B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electric heating device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heating device is known from DE 26 14 433 C3.
  • the known heating device has a tubular housing in which a PTC heating element is provided between two metallic heat distributors.
  • the heat distributors have a flat base facing the PTC heating element, from the longitudinal edge of which curved legs extend, which rest resiliently against the inner wall of the housing. In this way, the heat distributors absorb the heat generated by the PTC heating element with their base and dissipate it to the housing via their legs.
  • a disadvantage of such known heating devices is that they are only suitable for a low heating power of, for example, 14W are suitable and that the thermal coupling of the PTC heating element to the housing becomes increasingly worse over time, in particular when greater power is output.
  • the known heating device is not suitable due to its power output being too low and the heat coupling of the PTC heating element to the housing, which deteriorates relatively quickly, becoming unsuitable.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to show a way, such as with an electrical heating device of the type mentioned also over a long period of time and with high power output of several 100 watts, as is required when used in cars, a permanently improved heat coupling of the PTC heating element can be reached to the housing.
  • the leg or legs of the heat distributors are tapered towards their free end. Basically, it is sufficient if only a single leg extends from the base part of the respective heat distributor. Two legs preferably extend from the base part. In both cases, the aim is that the legs introduce the heat generated by the heating device as well as possible into the medium to be heated.
  • the legs taper continuously and uniformly over their full length. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this simple measure allows a much better and more uniform heat coupling of the PTC heating element to the housing. Temperature differences between the different areas of the housing and between the housing and the heat distributors are smaller than in the State of the art and advantageously reduce the differences between the local thermal expansion of the material. The smaller the differences between the thermal expansion of the individual parts of the heating device, the more reliably and more permanently the legs of the heat distributors can nestle against the inner wall of the housing and thus ensure optimal heat coupling of the PTC heating element to the housing. In addition, an optimal heat transfer is achieved with a uniform heat distribution and with a uniform surface temperature of the housing.
  • the legs if taken together, cover the inside of the peripheral wall of the housing as far as possible, preferably almost completely.
  • the legs are preferably thickest at their end attached to the base part of the respective heat distributor.
  • This measure has the advantage that the mechanical stability of the heat spreader is high and, consequently, the legs can be pressed against the housing with a greater force, in particular if the base part is also stable; it is preferably thicker than the legs extending from it, so that it can be regarded as rigid compared to the legs.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the base part of the heat spreader is thicker than the legs extending from it, which should resiliently abut the housing.
  • This has the advantage that the base part is stiffer than the legs. This can prevent the base part from sagging and partially losing contact with the heating element when the legs are bent. Rather, good heat transfer from the heating element to the heat distributor is maintained.
  • the base part on its side facing away from the heating element is particularly thick in the middle between the legs.
  • the legs can be pre-tensioned more without fear of bending the base.
  • the greater the pretension of the legs the greater the force with which they press against the inner wall of the housing, and the better and more reliable is the heat coupling to the housing.
  • the base part is thicker in the middle than at the ends from which the leg (s) originate, this furthermore favors the flexibility of the legs and increases the length over which a bend can easily be made.
  • the base part has on its side facing away from the heating element a U-shaped receiving part running in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
  • an electrical connection line for the PTC heating element can advantageously be inserted and soldered or welded and / or pressed in, so that an electrical connection can be made without a separate connection part.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the housing is deformed by the legs of the heat spreader pressing against its inner wall.
  • a tubular housing which has a circular cross-section before the heater is assembled, can be deformed in this way so that it assumes an elliptical or oval cross-section.
  • Such a deformability of the housing favors a full-surface nestling of the legs of the heat spreader.
  • the housing and the one or more heat distributors are different Materials exist and consequently have different coefficients of thermal expansion, ensure good surface contact between the legs and the housing over a wide temperature range and thus ensure good heat coupling.
  • the wall thickness is therefore preferably smaller than the legs and is best only between 0.1 mm and 0.7 mm, particularly preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. It has been shown that with such wall thicknesses the housing on the one hand still reliably protects the interior of the heating device from damage, on the other hand the housing is somewhat deformed by the legs of the heat spreader pressing against its inner wall, so that there is a good area contact between the housing and the Thigh adjusts.
  • a heating device can of course be equipped with a single PTC heating element or with several PTC heating elements.
  • the heat spreader can extend over the entire length of the housing equipped with PTC heating elements, or a plurality of heat spreader can also be provided, which lie one behind the other in the tubular housing. It is particularly favorable to arrange the at least one PTC heating element between pairs of heat distributors located opposite one another with their respective bases. This enables particularly efficient heat dissipation from both surfaces of the PTC heating element.
  • the heat distributors consist of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • Aluminum and aluminum alloys are characterized by a high thermal conductivity.
  • aluminum and aluminum alloys allow inexpensive production of the heat distributors by means of extrusion.
  • AIMgSi alloys are particularly preferred, for example AlMgSi1F32 alloys, which combine good spring action with good thermal conductivity.
  • the housing has an open end with an integrally formed flange.
  • a flange at the open end of the housing makes it easier to insert a heating insert containing the one or more heating elements and the heat distributors into the housing.
  • the upper, open side of the housing can be closed tightly after inserting the inner parts. This is preferably done with a plastic cap, a sealing ring preferably being arranged between the flange and the plastic cap. Then the upper open side is sealed by a sealing compound, for example made of a silicone plastic, with the required electrical connections being led through the sealing compound to the outside.
  • a sealing compound for example made of a silicone plastic
  • the housing is not attacked by corrosive liquid, for example a urea solution, which is used in catalytic converters of motor vehicles.
  • corrosive liquid for example a urea solution
  • a plastic with a relatively high thermal conductivity for plastics can also be used for the housing, for example a PTFE filled with mineral or ceramic fillers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the cylindrical housing 2 of a heating device 1, which is provided with a plastic cap 3 at the upper open end 4.
  • the opposite lower end 5 of the housing 2 is closed.
  • the housing 2 is made in one piece as a roll-formed part made of stainless steel.
  • a flange 7 is formed on the upper open end 4 of the housing. This flange 7 has the advantage, on the one hand, that it serves as a guide when inserting the inner parts, see FIG. 2, on the other hand, the plastic cap 3 can thereby be attached to it in a simple manner, optionally with the interposition of a sealing ring 8.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section through the heating device 1 after the inner parts have been introduced.
  • the heat generated by the PTC heating element 20 is dissipated to the housing 2 via heat distributors 9, between which the PTC heating element 20 is located.
  • the heat distributors 9 have a base part 10, which has its flat side facing the PTC heating element 20 and is in good heat-conducting contact with the PTC heating element 20.
  • the heat is dissipated from the base part 10 of the metallic heat spreader 9 via curved legs 15 which originate from the base part 10 and bear resiliently against the inner wall of the housing 2.
  • the legs 15 are tapered evenly over their full length towards their free end. This measure counteracts the development of a temperature gradient along the legs 15 and improves the heat coupling of the heat distributor 9 to the housing 2 by means of a more uniform contact force.
  • One or more flat PTC heating elements 20 are inserted in a frame 21 made of plastic and secured against displacement therein.
  • the lower contact surfaces 22 of the PTC heating elements 20 lie directly on the flat side of the base 10 of a first heat distributor 9.
  • a contact plate 25 is overlapping on the upper contact surfaces 24.
  • a connection element (not shown) serving to supply current is formed on the contact plate 25, that is led out of the heating device 1.
  • the contact plate 25 is in turn covered by an insulating layer 26, preferably made of a ceramic.
  • the insulating layer 26 is chosen to be as thin as possible.
  • the flat side of the base part 10 of a second heat distributor 9 is placed on this insulating layer 26.
  • Both heat distributors 9 are preferably of identical design. While the power supply, as described, takes place by means of a connection element on the contact plate 25, the ground connection is formed in the U-shaped receptacle 17 on the base part 10 of the heat distributor 9 (not shown) by pressing a connecting wire in the receptacle 17 and out of the heating device 1 is brought out.
  • a thickening 18 of the base part 10 increases the mechanical stability of the heat distributors 9 and enables higher pressing forces of the legs 15 against the housing 2 without the base part 10 sagging and thereby partially lifting off the heating element 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the thickening 18 can continue in projections 12, which form the U-shaped receptacle 17 for a ground wire.
  • the receptacle 17 is not required per se for the second heat distributor 9 if the housing 2 is connected to ground. However, it is best from a manufacturing point of view if both heat distributors 9 are of identical design.
  • the spring force of the legs 15 of the heat distributors 9 brings about a slightly oval elastic deformation of the housing 2, the contours of the inside 14 and outside 13 of the legs adapting optimally to one another and thus forming the largest possible heat transfer surface.
  • the housing 2 is designed with a wall thickness of only 0.4 mm, while the heat distributors 9 are much thicker.
  • Stainless steel is particularly well suited as a material for the housing 2, since this permits use in many corrosive liquids, such as, for example, in a urea solution.
  • FIG 3 a single heat spreader 9 and part of the housing 2 are shown before installation.
  • the radius R 2 and R 2 'of the leg outer sides 13 is somewhat larger than the radius R 1 of the inside 14 of the initially cylindrical housing 2.
  • the center M 1 is centered in the middle of the housing 2.
  • R 2 and R 2 ' no common center, but M 2 as the center for R 2 and M 2 'as the center for R 2 ' are defined somewhat to the side of M 1 and below the central axis of the housing 2. This results in a positive before the installation between the outside of the leg 13 and the inside of the housing 14 Distance a on the underside of the base part 10 of the heat distributor 9 and a negative distance a 'on the tips 16 of the legs 15.
  • the outer sides of the legs 13 and the inside of the housing 14 nestle against one another in such a way that the distances a and a 'largely go to zero, and thus the outer surfaces of the legs and the inside of the housing are flat and thus thermally connected.
  • the base part 10 is particularly thick. This also makes it particularly suitable for heat conduction.
  • the legs 15 have a thickness d and taper towards the tip 16 to a thickness d '. This ensures a high level of heat conduction along the legs 15 and at the same time high elasticity of the tips 16.
  • the tips 16 are at a small distance s from one another, which is further reduced by the compression during installation. The distance s is chosen so that it is as small as possible in order to obtain a large, uninterrupted heat transfer surface and, on the other hand, still has sufficient scope for simple installation and for the compensation of thermal expansion.
  • the described heat spreader 9 with its profiled cross section is preferably produced as an extruded profile from an aluminum alloy.
EP03022497A 2002-10-22 2003-10-09 Appareil de chauffage électrique Expired - Lifetime EP1414275B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20216509U 2002-10-22
DE20216509U DE20216509U1 (de) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Elektrische Heizeinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1414275A1 true EP1414275A1 (fr) 2004-04-28
EP1414275B1 EP1414275B1 (fr) 2005-12-21

Family

ID=31969861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03022497A Expired - Lifetime EP1414275B1 (fr) 2002-10-22 2003-10-09 Appareil de chauffage électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6847017B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1414275B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE313930T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE20216509U1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8541722B2 (en) 2010-01-29 2013-09-24 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical heater and method for manufacturing an electrical heater
CN111225459A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2020-06-02 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 电加热装置
US10845089B2 (en) 2017-02-15 2020-11-24 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating unit for heating liquids in a motor vehicle

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004021979A1 (de) * 2004-05-04 2005-11-24 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum elektrischen Isolieren eines elektrischen Funktionselements und derart isolierte Funktionselemente aufweisende Einrichtung
ATE357123T1 (de) * 2004-11-11 2007-04-15 Dbk David & Baader Gmbh Elektrischer platinenheizbaustein, elektronikplatine und verfahren zum beheizen
DE102006047042A1 (de) 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdampfen eines Reaktionsmittels
DE502007005351D1 (de) * 2007-07-20 2010-11-25 Eberspaecher Catem Gmbh & Co K Elektrische Heizvorrichtung insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
US20090139972A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2009-06-04 Psion Teklogix Inc. Docking connector
DE102011077922A1 (de) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeübertrager
DE102011054750B4 (de) * 2011-10-24 2014-08-21 Stego-Holding Gmbh Kühl- und Haltekörper für Heizelemente, Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühl- und Haltekörpers
DE102011054752B4 (de) * 2011-10-24 2014-09-04 Stego-Holding Gmbh Kühl- und Haltekörper für Heizelemente, Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kühl- und Haltekörpers
DE102012107600B4 (de) * 2012-08-20 2015-10-08 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Elektrische Heizvorrichtung zum Beheizen von Fluiden
DE102012109801B4 (de) * 2012-10-15 2015-02-05 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Elektrische Heizvorrichtung
US8934764B2 (en) * 2012-11-05 2015-01-13 Betacera Inc. Electrical heating device and equipment with pluggable heating module
DE102012220432A1 (de) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Mahle International Gmbh Vorheizeinrichtung für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
DE102012220433A1 (de) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Mahle International Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage mit Vorheizeinrichtung
DE102012220429A1 (de) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Mahle International Gmbh Vorheizeinrichtung für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
WO2015084076A1 (fr) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 주식회사 세라젬 Appareil de chauffage pour une partie interne en céramique et son procédé de fabrication
WO2019079302A1 (fr) * 2017-10-19 2019-04-25 Tom Richards, Inc. Ensemble de transfert de chaleur
DE202017006480U1 (de) * 2017-12-18 2019-03-19 I.G. Bauerhin Gmbh Heizeinrichtung zum Beheizen von Flüssigkeiten in einem Reservoir, wie einem Tank oder einem Behälter, eines Fahrzeugs
DE102018131766B3 (de) * 2018-12-11 2020-03-26 Stego-Holding Gmbh Haltekörper, Heizgerät und Verfahren

Citations (9)

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US1883927A (en) * 1929-06-06 1932-10-25 Gen Electric Electric heater
DE2614433A1 (de) * 1975-04-07 1976-10-14 Philips Nv Selbstregelndes heizelement
US3996447A (en) * 1974-11-29 1976-12-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated PTC resistance heater
US4228343A (en) * 1977-12-29 1980-10-14 Schick Incorporated Collapsible cordless electric hair curling appliance
US4468555A (en) * 1980-08-31 1984-08-28 Tdk Corporation Electric soldering iron having a PTC heating element
DE3616460A1 (de) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-19 Braun Ag Haarpflegegeraet
US4822980A (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-04-18 Gte Products Corporation PTC heater device
DE4040258A1 (de) * 1990-12-17 1992-07-02 Braun Ag Elektrische heizeinheit mit ptc-heizkoerpern, insbesondere fuer haarpflegegeraete
US6180930B1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2001-01-30 Chia-Hsiung Wu Heater with enclosing envelope

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US4689878A (en) * 1981-08-03 1987-09-01 Springfield Wire, Inc. PTC heater and method of manufacture
US4763102A (en) * 1987-01-29 1988-08-09 Acra Electric Corporation Cartridge heater
DE3730161A1 (de) * 1987-09-09 1989-03-30 Braun Ag Elektrisches heizelement
DE9320663U1 (de) * 1993-12-17 1994-12-22 Tuerk & Hillinger Gmbh Heizpatrone mit PTC-Elementen
DE29911711U1 (de) * 1999-07-06 1999-10-07 Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F Vorrichtung zum Vorheizen von Dieselkraftstoff

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883927A (en) * 1929-06-06 1932-10-25 Gen Electric Electric heater
US3996447A (en) * 1974-11-29 1976-12-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated PTC resistance heater
DE2614433A1 (de) * 1975-04-07 1976-10-14 Philips Nv Selbstregelndes heizelement
US4228343A (en) * 1977-12-29 1980-10-14 Schick Incorporated Collapsible cordless electric hair curling appliance
US4468555A (en) * 1980-08-31 1984-08-28 Tdk Corporation Electric soldering iron having a PTC heating element
DE3616460A1 (de) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-19 Braun Ag Haarpflegegeraet
US4822980A (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-04-18 Gte Products Corporation PTC heater device
DE4040258A1 (de) * 1990-12-17 1992-07-02 Braun Ag Elektrische heizeinheit mit ptc-heizkoerpern, insbesondere fuer haarpflegegeraete
US6180930B1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2001-01-30 Chia-Hsiung Wu Heater with enclosing envelope

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8541722B2 (en) 2010-01-29 2013-09-24 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical heater and method for manufacturing an electrical heater
US10845089B2 (en) 2017-02-15 2020-11-24 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating unit for heating liquids in a motor vehicle
CN111225459A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2020-06-02 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 电加热装置
CN111225459B (zh) * 2018-11-27 2022-05-24 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 电加热装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1414275B1 (fr) 2005-12-21
US20040104215A1 (en) 2004-06-03
DE50301979D1 (de) 2006-01-26
US6847017B2 (en) 2005-01-25
ATE313930T1 (de) 2006-01-15
DE20216509U1 (de) 2004-02-26

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