EP1355764B1 - Outil de percussion pneumatique comportant un piston d'entrainement de longueur reduite - Google Patents

Outil de percussion pneumatique comportant un piston d'entrainement de longueur reduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1355764B1
EP1355764B1 EP02712875A EP02712875A EP1355764B1 EP 1355764 B1 EP1355764 B1 EP 1355764B1 EP 02712875 A EP02712875 A EP 02712875A EP 02712875 A EP02712875 A EP 02712875A EP 1355764 B1 EP1355764 B1 EP 1355764B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
striking
guide sleeve
pneumatic spring
striking mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02712875A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1355764A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Berger
Wolfgang Schmid
Mirko Lysek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Original Assignee
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Construction Equipment AG filed Critical Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Publication of EP1355764A1 publication Critical patent/EP1355764A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1355764B1 publication Critical patent/EP1355764B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/04—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/04—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously of the hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air spring impact mechanism for a shock and / or Rotary hammer according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Air spring impact values are known from DE-A-19 828 426.
  • the percussion takes relatively little space and is inexpensive to produce.
  • the percussion piston reaches one high impact speed.
  • Particularly advantageous is the reliable Start-up behavior of the impact mechanism from idling.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, while maintaining the positive Features of the striking mechanism further reduce the idling to achieve occurring vibrations.
  • the percussion piston In normal impact mode, the percussion piston is therefore still at least axially movable with a part in the guide sleeve of the drive piston.
  • the operator raises the shock and / or Hammer drill together with the tool to be machined Rocks, causing the tool shank to slide out of the hammer.
  • the percussion piston has the opportunity to do likewise continue to move forward, in the direction of impact and glides out of the Guide sleeve out. Ideally, it moves completely out the front end of the guide sleeve and is only through the Impact housing held. This will clear the cavity Impact piston and drive piston open, so that during further movement of the drive piston air in the air spring enclosing cavity penetrate and suck back the percussion piston and subsequent Can prevent blows.
  • a reliable idling behavior is the Episode.
  • the axial Length of the guide sleeve of the drive piston smaller than a maximum Axialweg the percussion piston between its extreme positions.
  • the axial The length of the guide sleeve must be dimensioned such that the Impact piston in impact operation reliably in the guide sleeve hinund can be moved; in idle mode, however, the percussion piston must completely slip out of the guide sleeve.
  • the recording allows the construction of a negative pressure to hold the Impact piston, as will be explained later.
  • the movement of the percussion piston can be performed in various ways. It is particularly advantageous if the percussion piston in both idle as well as in impact operation exclusively by the impact mechanism housing, z. B. with his piston shaft, is performed. This may be so be exploited that in impact mode, so when the piston head of the percussion piston is located in the guide sleeve of the drive piston, the Guide sleeve is guided by the percussion piston, but not by the impact mechanism housing. In this way, you can get unwanted duplicates be avoided, which could occur when both the guide sleeve as well as the percussion piston each guided in the percussion mechanism housing would. A guide of the piston head of the percussion piston in idle mode is not necessary with sufficient guidance of the piston skirt. Accordingly, the above-described recording for the Piston head in Schlagtechniksgephaseuse be sufficiently large, to avoid tolerance problems.
  • the air spring can be ventilated in idle mode via the front end of the guide sleeve and Relaxable, wherein the guide sleeve no further idling openings to ventilate the air spring in idling mode.
  • the guide sleeve no further idling openings to ventilate the air spring in idling mode.
  • the percussion piston is completely made the guide sleeve emerges and thus the front side of the guide sleeve is exposed, Additional idling openings are not required.
  • the omission of idling openings has the consequence that the manufacturing cost of the drive piston decrease and the susceptibility to cracking or breakage due to omission the otherwise caused by the idling openings notch effect reduced becomes. Furthermore, not least because of the shorter length of Drive piston reduce tolerance problems.
  • At least one air compensation slot in the guide sleeve is provided, which has an axial length, the larger as the axial length of the piston head of the percussion piston. Leave it Air losses of the air spring, which occurred during the impact generation always balance again when the piston head is at height the air compensation slot is located. Then that means a short one Moment the air spring behind the piston head with the environment in front of the Piston head in connection. If at this time the drive piston already in its return movement and thus a suction effect on the percussion piston, is due to the negative pressure in the air spring additional air in the cavity between the drive piston and percussion piston sucked.
  • the air balancing slot allows the guide sleeve can be performed with minimal wall thickness.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that on the recording, the piston head in idle mode in the percussion gear housing holds, a one-way valve is provided, one between the intake, the front cavity formed with the piston head and the piston skirt the environment of the percussion, z. B. connects a crank chamber of the hammer.
  • a one-way valve is provided, one between the intake, the front cavity formed with the piston head and the piston skirt the environment of the percussion, z. B. connects a crank chamber of the hammer.
  • the percussion piston from a piston head and a different one from it by its geometrical dimensions Piston shaft consists. Rather, the piston head and the Piston shaft of the percussion piston in another embodiment of the invention also have a substantially same diameter.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an inventive air spring impact mechanism, the Z. B. in a hammer and / or hammer drill Use comes.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show the same air spring impact mechanism, however with different positions of the moving pistons.
  • a drive piston 1 is connected via a rotationally driven crankshaft. 2 and a connecting rod 3 is set in an oscillating axial movement.
  • the drive piston 1 consists essentially of a guide sleeve 4 and a Guide sleeve 4 on a rear end final piston crown 5.
  • the connecting rod 3 is pivotable in a known Way connected.
  • the drive piston 1 is with its guide sleeve 4 in a percussion tube 6 axially movable.
  • the percussion tube 6 is part of a percussion gear housing.
  • a percussion piston 7 is shown in Fig. 1, the essentially consists of a piston head 8 and a piston shaft 9, wherein the piston head 8 is movable in the interior of the guide sleeve 4.
  • the piston shaft 9 is in a belonging to the percussion housing housing tube 10 led.
  • the drive piston 1 and the percussion piston 7 means that the percussion piston 7 with his piston shaft 9 is guided in the housing tube 10 and in turn via the piston head 8, the guide sleeve 4 of the drive piston 1 leads.
  • a cavity 11 is enclosed, in which an air spring is formed, when the drive piston 1 is reciprocated.
  • the air spring is the oscillating movement of the drive piston 1 on the percussion piston. 7 which retraces the movement and retraces with the drive piston 1 facing away, front end of the piston skirt 9 on a not shown shank of a tool, also not shown, or can strike on a striker, not shown, in a known manner. 1 shows the percussion piston 7 in its impact position, ie in the position, in which he hits the tool shank or striker.
  • FIG. 1 shows just a part of an air compensation slot 12, which extends in the guide sleeve 4 with an axial length, the larger is, as the axial length of the piston head 8.
  • the axial length of the air compensation slot 12 can be better seen in Fig. 3, where the air equalization slot 12 is not covered by the piston head 8. Thereby it is possible that the air spring in the cavity 11 via the air equalization slot 12 with a cavity 13 in front of the percussion piston 7 briefly in connection stands.
  • Fig. 3 shows the position of the percussion piston 7, when the Luftfedertschtechnik idle mode.
  • the idle mode adjusts itself when the operator lifts the tool off the rock to be worked. Thereby Slips the tool shank and possibly the striker something out of the Housing of the hammer out, causing the percussion piston 7 in a position can reach, which is still before the impact position shown in Fig. 1, namely in the idle position shown in Fig. 3.
  • the percussion piston 7 slides with its piston head 8 out of the guide sleeve 4 and enters a percussion gear housing associated recording 16, in which he in the shown in Fig. 3 Idle position is held.
  • the drive piston 1 in turn leads due the continuous rotational movement of the crankshaft 2 its back and forth Moving away.
  • the provision of the receptacle 16 is not mandatory required. In a variant of the invention not shown is none Receiving 16 provided so that the percussion piston 7 after exiting the guide sleeve 4 is guided exclusively on its shaft.
  • Air can penetrate through the openings 14 in the interior of the guide sleeve 4 or - in a forward movement of the drive piston 1 - also flow out again, so that in the cavity 11 of the guide sleeve 4 no Can form air spring.
  • the operator sets the tool on the rock to be worked on, which is the tool shaft and if necessary, the striker displaced into the interior of the housing of the hammer and the percussion piston 7 pushes out of the receptacle 16 until he Covering the front side of the guide sleeve 4 and introduced into the guide sleeve 4. Since the cavity 11 in the guide sleeve 4 characterized by the environment completed, an air spring can build up again very quickly, whereby the impact operation is continued.
  • the openings 17 connect the space 13 (front Cavity) in front of the piston head 8 through openings 19 and the air channels 15 with the environment.
  • the rubber ring 18 is located above the openings 17th It becomes somewhat in the event of pressure build-up in the front cavity 13 lifted so that the air from the front cavity 13 through the openings 17 and the openings 19 can escape to the environment (at a pressure build-up by the forward movement of the percussion piston 7). Of the Impact piston 7 thereby has the ability to completely into the receptacle 16th penetrate.
  • the receptacle 16 it is not necessary that the receptacle 16 the piston head 8 in the in The manner shown in the figures closely or annularly encloses. As above executed, in a variant of the invention, the receptacle 16th completely missing. Alternatively, the annular portion of the receptacle 16 a have sufficient distance to the piston head 8 to the risk of To avoid double adjustments. It should be noted that the Percussion piston 7 with its piston shaft 9 is already sufficiently performed.
  • a percussion piston comes 7 used, the piston head 8 with a larger diameter and a piston skirt 9 has a smaller diameter.
  • the basic principle the invention namely the escape of the percussion piston from the guide sleeve of the drive piston and the associated short design
  • the drive piston can also be used in other shaped percussion piston apply.
  • the percussion piston only off consists of a piston head, or that of the piston head and the piston shaft have substantially the same diameter.
  • the drive piston not - as in the above described embodiment - is made in one piece, but composed of different components. So it may be z. B. for be further reduction of the mass of the drive piston, the Guide sleeve made of steel, the piston crown, however, made of plastic or to produce another lightweight material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique pour un marteau percuteur et/ou perforateur, comportant
    un piston d'entraínement (1) déplaçable axialement en sens alternés dans un carter (6) du mécanisme de percussion avec un manchon de guidage (4) sensiblement cylindrique creux et un fond de piston (5) portant le manchon de guidage (4) ;
    un piston de percussion (7) déplaçable axialement en sens alternés avec une tête de piston (8) et une tige de piston (9) ; et présentant
    une cavité (11) pouvant être réalisée entre le piston d'entraínement (1) et le piston de percussion (7) et enfermant un ressort pneumatique en mode percussion,
    dans lequel
    en mode percussion, le piston de percussion (7) est déplaçable axialement au moins en partie dans le manchon de guidage (4) du piston d'entraínement (1) ;
    caractérisé en ce que la longueur axiale du manchon de guidage (4) est telle qu'en mode marche à vide, le piston de percussion (7) est totalement ressorti d'une extrémité avant du manchon de guidage (4).
  2. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en mode marche à vide le piston de percussion (7) est guidé axialement et maintenu non pas par le manchon de guidage (4), mais essentiellement par une partie fixe du carter (10, 16) du mécanisme de percussion.
  3. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le piston de percussion (7) en mode percussion, est déplaçable axialement avec sa tête de piston (8) au moins en partie dans le manchon de guidage (4) du piston d'entraínement (1).
  4. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la longueur axiale du manchon de guidage (4) est inférieure à une course axiale maximale du piston de percussion (7) entre ses positions extrêmes.
  5. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'en mode marche à vide et/ou en mode percussion, le piston de percussion (7) est guidé axialement exclusivement par sa tige de piston (9) ou par sa tige de piston (9) et sa tête de piston (8).
  6. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que dans le carter du mécanisme de percussion est prévu un logement (16) pour la tête de piston (8) du piston de percussion (7) en mode marche à vide.
  7. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'en marche à vide, le ressort pneumatique peut être alimenté en air et détendu par l'extrémité avant du manchon de guidage (4), et le manchon de guidage (4) ne présente aucun autre orifice de marche à vide pour alimenter en air le ressort pneumatique en marche à vide.
  8. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que dans le manchon de guidage (4) est prévue au moins une fente d'équilibrage d'air (12) qui présente une longueur axiale supérieure à la longueur axiale de la tête (8) du piston de percussion (7).
  9. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une cavité (13) avant, formée par le logement (16), la tête de piston (8) et la tige de piston (9), peut être couplée au milieu ambiant par une soupape à une voie (17, 18).
  10. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la soupape à une voie comporte une bague élastique (18), précontrainte radialement, recouvrant au moins une ouverture (17) menant à la cavité (13) avant.
  11. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la tête de piston (8) et la tige (9) du piston de percussion (7) présentent le même diamètre.
EP02712875A 2001-01-30 2002-01-30 Outil de percussion pneumatique comportant un piston d'entrainement de longueur reduite Expired - Lifetime EP1355764B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10103996 2001-01-30
DE10103996A DE10103996C1 (de) 2001-01-30 2001-01-30 Luftfederschlagwerk für einen Schlag- und/oder Bohrhammer mit kurz bauendem Antriebskolben
PCT/EP2002/000963 WO2002060652A1 (fr) 2001-01-30 2002-01-30 Outil de percussion pneumatique comportant un piston d'entrainement de longueur reduite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1355764A1 EP1355764A1 (fr) 2003-10-29
EP1355764B1 true EP1355764B1 (fr) 2004-06-02

Family

ID=7672135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02712875A Expired - Lifetime EP1355764B1 (fr) 2001-01-30 2002-01-30 Outil de percussion pneumatique comportant un piston d'entrainement de longueur reduite

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6808026B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1355764B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4027321B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10103996C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2218515T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002060652A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10333799B3 (de) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-17 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Hohlkolbenschlagwerk mit Luftausgleichs- und Leerlauföffnung
DE102005019711A1 (de) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Handwerkzeugmaschinenschlagwerkeinheit
EP1872914B1 (fr) * 2006-07-01 2010-09-22 Black & Decker, Inc. Marteau-piqueur
EP1872910B1 (fr) 2006-07-01 2012-11-21 Black & Decker, Inc. Méthode pour mesurer l'usure du nez d'un piston frappeur dans un marteau perforateur
US7413026B2 (en) * 2006-07-01 2008-08-19 Black & Decker Inc. Lubricant system for powered hammer
US20080006419A1 (en) * 2006-07-01 2008-01-10 Black & Decker Inc. Tool holder connector for powered hammer
JP2008012665A (ja) 2006-07-01 2008-01-24 Black & Decker Inc 舗装破砕機用工具ホルダー
DE102007000827A1 (de) 2007-10-08 2009-04-09 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem Kurbelgetriebe
DE102012210088A1 (de) * 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine
US9416593B2 (en) 2012-12-28 2016-08-16 Smith International, Inc. Piston strike face and bit interface for percussion hammer drill
EP3000560A1 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2016-03-30 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Appareil d'enfoncement à ressort à gaz
US10814468B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2020-10-27 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Percussion tool
CN214723936U (zh) 2018-01-26 2021-11-16 米沃奇电动工具公司 冲击工具

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2844086A1 (de) * 1978-10-10 1980-04-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere schlaghammer
GB2084917A (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-04-21 Kango Electric Hammers Ltd Improvements in or relating to percussive tools
DE4239294A1 (de) * 1992-11-23 1994-05-26 Black & Decker Inc Bohrhammer mit pneumatischem Schlagwerk
JP3292969B2 (ja) * 1995-08-18 2002-06-17 株式会社マキタ ハンマードリル
JP3450558B2 (ja) * 1995-12-25 2003-09-29 株式会社マキタ 電動工具
DE19714287A1 (de) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-08 Hilti Ag Bohr- und/oder Meisselgerät
DE19728729C2 (de) * 1997-07-04 2000-11-09 Wacker Werke Kg Luftfeder-Schlagwerk mit Luftausgleich
DE19828426C2 (de) * 1998-06-25 2003-04-03 Wacker Werke Kg Antriebskolben mit geringer Wandstärke für ein Luftfederschlagwerk
DE19843642B4 (de) * 1998-09-23 2004-03-25 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Luftfederschlagwerk mit Rückholluftfeder
DE19847687C2 (de) * 1998-10-15 2001-05-23 Wacker Werke Kg Hohlkolben-Schlagwerk mit Hülsensteuerung
DE19851888C1 (de) * 1998-11-11 2000-07-13 Metabowerke Kg Bohrhammer
DE19929183B4 (de) * 1999-06-25 2004-07-29 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Luftfederschlagwerk mit Hohl-Schlagkolben mit Leerlauföffnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4027321B2 (ja) 2007-12-26
US20040065454A1 (en) 2004-04-08
WO2002060652A8 (fr) 2002-09-06
JP2005519781A (ja) 2005-07-07
US6808026B2 (en) 2004-10-26
ES2218515T3 (es) 2004-11-16
DE50200502D1 (de) 2004-07-08
DE10103996C1 (de) 2002-10-02
EP1355764A1 (fr) 2003-10-29
WO2002060652A1 (fr) 2002-08-08

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