EP2564985B1 - Méchanisme de percussion à coussin d'air pour marteau perforateur ou burineur motorisé - Google Patents

Méchanisme de percussion à coussin d'air pour marteau perforateur ou burineur motorisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2564985B1
EP2564985B1 EP12181795.1A EP12181795A EP2564985B1 EP 2564985 B1 EP2564985 B1 EP 2564985B1 EP 12181795 A EP12181795 A EP 12181795A EP 2564985 B1 EP2564985 B1 EP 2564985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
percussion
air
cushion
air cushion
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12181795.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2564985A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Saupp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metabowerke GmbH and Co
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Metabowerke GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Metabowerke GmbH and Co filed Critical Metabowerke GmbH and Co
Publication of EP2564985A1 publication Critical patent/EP2564985A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
    • B25D2217/0019—Guide-sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/035—Bleeding holes, e.g. in piston guide-sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/231—Sleeve details
    • B25D2250/235—Sleeve couplings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air cushion impact mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1 for a motor-driven drill or percussion hammer and a motor-driven drill or percussion hammer according to the preamble of claim 8 with an air cushion impact mechanism.
  • Such an air cushion impact mechanism and such a motor-driven drilling or percussion hammer are from the DE 39 32 134 A1 known.
  • an air impact impact mechanism essentially comprises a cylindrical tube, a drive piston which is axially movable in the tube, and a percussion body ("racket") which is also axially movable in the tube, an air cushion being enclosed in the tube between the drive piston and the impactor transfers the impact energy from the drive piston to the impactor and mechanically decouples the impactor from the drive piston.
  • the drive piston is in this case driven via a connecting rod by a crankshaft, which is rotated by an electric motor, so that the drive piston in the tube performs an axially oscillating movement.
  • the tool is received in a tool holder and can be driven directly by the impactor or indirectly via, for example, a striker ("striker"), which in turn is driven by the striker.
  • a striker which in turn is driven by the striker.
  • the moving impact mass of the impactor transmits on impact on the firing pin a pulse, which this in turn transmits to the tool.
  • the firing pin also has the task to move the percussion and in particular the impactor when pressing the tool from an idle position to a working position.
  • the sealing of the air cushion between the impactor and the drive piston is not absolutely leakage-free possible, so that to compensate for the leakage losses and to maintain the percussion function a ventilation of the air cushion is required.
  • compensation holes are usually arranged in the wall of the tube in the region of the air cushion, which are released or closed in dependence on the axial position of the impactor and the drive piston and thereby allow ventilation of the air cushion.
  • the ventilation of the air cushion is thus controlled by the impactor and possibly also by the drive piston.
  • a pneumatic percussion of a power tool with a hammer tube in which a piston is longitudinally displaceable and can cooperate via an air cushion with a racket, which cooperates with a firing pin and with at least one of the hammer tube passing through the vent opening, which is in the air cushion and opening or closing cooperates with a separate closing element.
  • the closing element which is designed as a hammer tube encompassing the closing sleeve, which covers the vents in a working position of the striking mechanism and thus closes, executed directly with the firing pin as a unit only movable together.
  • the disclosure DE 198 10 088 C1 a drill and / or percussion hammer, the housed in his housing air cushion impact comprising a reciprocating piston in a guide tube and a racket, between which an air cushion space is formed in the guide tube, which is vented in an idle position of the impact mechanism via at least one control port.
  • the control opening can be closed by a control part located outside the guide tube in an impact position of the percussion mechanism in order to build up an air cushion in the air cushion space.
  • the control part is formed as an annular member which is fixed to the housing and the guide tube receives axially displaceable in it.
  • the guide tube is acted upon axially with the force of a return spring, which is supported on the one hand on the control part and on the other hand on a projecting on the jacket of the guide tube outwardly circumferential collar.
  • the return spring tries to hold the guide tube in a front starting position, in which the control part covers the control opening.
  • at least one additional opening is provided which is arranged on the tool side in front of the control openings and which is covered by the racket in impact mode. The prerequisite for the formation of an air cushion is that both the control openings and the additional openings are closed.
  • the guide tube When idling, the guide tube is moved forward by a spring, so that the control port is free.
  • An additional rotary drive for the tool holder via longitudinal teeth on the guide tube and a toothing between the guide tube and tool holder is a transmission of the rotational movement.
  • the beater drive piston
  • the seals overruns the breather bores in impact mode, which places a heavy load on the respective seal and therefore quickly deteriorates the seal and decreases impact due to increased leakage leads.
  • the German Utility Model DE 19 69 990 U is also a device for switching from impact drills on rotary drills and vice versa known for electro-pneumatic rotary hammers.
  • the device comprises a guide sleeve with axially spaced apart ventilation holes, within which a percussion piston is received axially displaceable. This transmits its impact energy in beating operation immediately on a projecting into the cylinder space of the guide sleeve tool holder.
  • the percussion piston is arranged in beating operation together with the tool holder in the cylinder chamber such that its sealing portion is located axially behind the vent holes, so that in a stroke forward towards the tool no damping this intercepting air cushion can arise while in the rear of the cylinder chamber a completed air cushion space is maintained to transmit the impact motion.
  • the tool holder When idling, the tool holder is moved so far forward together with the percussion piston in the direction of the tool that the sealing portion of the percussion piston is located between the axially spaced vent holes.
  • the rear vent holes serve to vent the driving air cushion space and prevent the required to drive the percussion piston pressure or negative pressure can build up. Recovery may in turn be accomplished by displacing the tool holder and percussion piston relative to the cylinder space, i. when pressing the tool, done.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an air impact impactor for a power driven drill or percussion hammer, which at least reduces the known prior art disadvantages of the prior art and provides a simple and stable air cushion impact mechanism becomes.
  • an air impact impactor for a power driven drill or percussion hammer comprising a two-piece housing sleeve having at least one drive piston for converting drive energy into impact energy and at least one impactor and firing pin for delivering impact energy to a drill bit. or percussion hammer are movably received along a longitudinal axis of the housing sleeve.
  • a switching device allows switching of the impact mechanism between an idling operation and a percussion operation, wherein in the impact mode between the drive piston and the impactor a first air cushion for transmitting the impact energy from the drive piston can be formed on the impactor and in idle operation, a second air cushion for impact damping between the Impact body and the firing pin can be formed, and wherein the housing sleeve has at least one first vent for venting the first air cushion and at least one second vent for venting the second air cushion.
  • both parts of the housing sleeve according to the invention along its longitudinal axis relative to each other displaceable, wherein both parts of the housing sleeve at least a vent hole, which are at least partially aligned with each other in a first position of the housing parts to jointly form the second vent opening and allow venting of the second air cushion, and are closed in a second position by the other part of the housing sleeve to a To allow shock absorption.
  • the striker and the firing pin are completely absorbed in the two-piece housing sleeve.
  • the housing sleeve is formed in two parts, wherein the second vent opening is formed only by the fact that the two housing parts occupy a particular position relative to each other, in which the respectively formed on the housing parts vent holes are aligned and thus form the second vent opening.
  • the second air cushion is not for the transmission of impact energy, but for damping a shock from the racket on the Firing pin provided. This is particularly desirable when idling the racket or the drive piston trailing.
  • blows of the impact mechanism to reduce the resulting significant burden of percussion components and avoid premature failure of the air cushion impact mechanism.
  • the two housing parts are shifted from each other so that their respective vent holes offset from each other and so no air can escape from the space between the racket and the firing pin.
  • the drive piston can therefore reach no compression of the air, which further shocks (blanking) can be avoided.
  • the two housing parts When switching with the aid of the switching device from the idle mode to the impact mode, the two housing parts are shifted from each other so that the vent holes of the two housing parts are at least partially aligned with each other and together form the second vent for venting the second air cushion.
  • the air cushion formed for shock absorption can be vented and beat the bat on the firing pin to transfer the impact energy from the drive piston to the tool.
  • the drive piston and the impactor body may each have a sealing portion, which in sealing contact with the inner circumference of the housing sleeve is to limit between them the air cushion within the housing sleeve.
  • the two-part housing sleeve may have a guide which allows an axial movement of the two housing parts relative to each other and blocks a radial movement of the two housing parts relative to each other.
  • This is particularly desirable when the air cushion impact mechanism is used in a hammer drill, which is not only a beating movement (chisel operation), but also a rotary motion (drilling operation) to transfer to the tool.
  • a toothing in which engages a drive wheel of the hammer drill.
  • the rotational movement can be transmitted from the housing sleeve to the tool via a toothing.
  • the guide is provided which allows transmission of the rotational movement of the drive-facing part of the housing sleeve on the tool-facing part of the housing sleeve.
  • the guide may comprise according to an embodiment of the invention at least one guide pin on one of the housing parts, which is guided in a guide groove on the other of the housing parts.
  • the guide groove may be formed in particular as a slot in the wall of one of the housing parts, in which the guide pin is guided.
  • an elastic return element can be provided which is suitable for holding the two housing parts in one of the two positions or returning them to one of the two positions.
  • the elastic return element may comprise a spring which biases the two housing parts in one of the two positions against each other.
  • the invention further relates to a motor-driven drilling or percussion hammer according to claim 8 with an air cushion percussion having the features mentioned above.
  • FIG. 1 a side view of an embodiment of the air cushion impact mechanism according to the invention, wherein the air cushion impact mechanism is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • the air cushion impact mechanism is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • adjoining components of a power driven hammer or percussion hammers and the attached tool in the FIG. 1 not shown.
  • the air cushion impact mechanism 10 can be used both for a hammer drill, d. H. a driven hammer, which can also transmit a rotary motion to the tool, as well as used in a percussion hammer.
  • the corresponding motor drive takes place for example via an electric motor, which can be connected to a battery or a power line as a power source.
  • the air cushion impact mechanism 10 includes a housing 12 in which an axially movable drive piston (not shown), an axially movable impactor or racket 20 and a axially movable striker or striker 30 along a longitudinal axis L of the housing 12 back and forth are movably received.
  • the housing 12 is sleeve-shaped and comprises two housing parts 14 and 16, which are axially displaceable relative to each other along the longitudinal axis L.
  • a front ie the tool facing the end of the second housing part 16 is received, as in particular in FIGS. 2 to 4 is clearly visible.
  • front refers to the end of the impact mechanism facing the tool (in FIG. 1 and 3a - 4 right), while “back” denotes the opposite end (in FIG. 1 and 3a - 4 left is.
  • axial and radial in the present description are each related to the longitudinal axis L.
  • the axially movable within the second housing part 16 drive piston (not shown) transmits via a trapped between the drive piston and the impactor 20, first air cushion 80 a striking energy, which drives the striker 20 in the direction of the firing pin 30.
  • the drive piston is in this case driven, for example via a connecting rod by a crankshaft, which is rotated by the electric motor, so that the drive piston in the housing 12 performs an axially oscillating movement. In the same way, driven by the first air cushion 80, the striker 20 moves.
  • the racket 20 has a sealing groove 22 in which a sealing element, for example an elastic sealing ring 52 (cf. FIG. 3a ), which is on the inner peripheral surface of the second housing part 16 abuts and thereby achieves a seal of the air cushion 80.
  • a sealing element for example an elastic sealing ring 52 (cf. FIG. 3a ), which is on the inner peripheral surface of the second housing part 16 abuts and thereby achieves a seal of the air cushion 80.
  • the drive piston may comprise a sealing element.
  • the impactor 20 in turn drives the firing pin 30.
  • the moving impact mass of the impactor 20 transmits upon impact with the firing pin a pulse, which this in turn on a tool 36 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) transmits.
  • the tool 36 is attached to a tool holder (not shown) formed separately from the striker 30. Alternatively, however, other design options are conceivable.
  • the firing pin 30 is located with its inclined contact surface 30a (see. FIG. 4 ) on a corresponding contact shoulder 12a of the housing sleeve 12 (cf. FIGS. 3a and 3b ). If a surface is now to be machined with the aid of the motor-driven drilling or percussion hammer, the tool 36 is pushed backwards, ie in the direction of the impactor 20, as a result of the resistance of this surface to be machined. In response, the striker 30 also displaces the striker 20 rearwardly and thus moves it from an idle position to a working position, as described in more detail below.
  • a rebound damping with an elastic damping element 60, a bearing sleeve 62 for supporting the firing pin 30 and a stop plate 64 is provided.
  • the elastic damping element 60 can also assume a sealing function, but essentially serves to damp a return pulse from the firing pin 30 on the stop plate 64.
  • Sealing a formed between the impactor 20 and the firing pin 30 second air cushion 40 are also seals 54 and 56 (FIGS. FIG. 3a ) intended.
  • the second air cushion 40 unlike the first air cushion 80 between the drive piston and the striker 20 is not intended to transmit a drive pulse, but instead damps a shock of the impactor 20 and so a transmission from the striker 20 to the striker 30 at idle to prevent the machine. This is particularly desirable when idle the percussion 10 of the striker 20 and the drive piston trailing. Here blank clearances of the impact mechanism 10 are to be prevented in order to reduce the resulting significant loads of percussion components, such as the impactor 20 and striker 30, and to avoid premature failure of the air cushion impact mechanism 10.
  • the housing 12 on its housing parts 14 and 16 more vents 12b and 50 on.
  • the first vent openings 50 which are arranged axially with respect to the tool 36 further back, serve for ventilation of the rear ie first air cushion 80, wherein the first air cushion 80 is to be vented at idle of the impact mechanism 10.
  • the vent holes or vents 50 are formed on the second housing part 16 such that they are arranged offset in a drive position or impact position of the striking mechanism 10 relative to the air cushion 80 (see, for example FIG. 4 , here the vents 50 are arranged axially in front of the seal 52 of the racket 20).
  • the drive piston moves the striker 20 in a last blank in the direction forward until the firing pin 30 comes with its contact surface 30a on the shoulder 12a of the housing sleeve 12 to the plant.
  • the racket 20 passes over with its seal 52, the ventilation openings 50, whereby the first air cushion 80 is also displaced forward and can be vented through the vents 50.
  • the front, second vent openings 12b shown are formed by vent holes in the respective housing parts 14 and 16.
  • the first housing part 14 and the second housing part 16 each have vent holes 14b and 16b, which in an idle position (see. FIG. 3b ) are arranged offset relative to each other, whereby the second air cushion 40 is substantially sealed and allows damping of voids of the racket 20.
  • an impact position of the air cushion impact mechanism 10 see. FIG.
  • the two housing parts 14 and 16 are axially displaced relative to each other so that the two respective vent holes 14b and 16b at least partially aligned with each other and thereby together form the second vent openings 12b, through which the second air cushion 40 can be vented (indicated by the with Lu designated arrows in FIG. 4 ).
  • guide grooves 14a are provided in the first housing part, engage in the corresponding guide pins 16a of the second housing part. Furthermore, between the housing part 14 and 16, a return spring 18 ( FIGS. 1 . 3a - 4 ) is provided, which in a relative movement of the housing parts 14 and 16 in a position in which the second ventilation holes 14b and 16b are aligned with each other, is biased. Then, when the air bag impact mechanism 10 enters a state of idling, in which the second vent holes 14b and 16b are not aligned with each other, the housing parts 14 and 16 are reset by means of the stored spring force. This is too Note that by pressing the tool (in the working position) and the front, first housing part 14 performs a relative movement in the direction of the second, rear housing part 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), pour une perceuse frappeuse ou un marteau burineur entraînés mécaniquement, comportant un carter (12) en deux parties, dans lequel au moins un piston d'entraînement pour la transformation de l'énergie d'entraînement en énergie de percussion ainsi qu'au moins un corps de percussion (20) et un burin de percussion (30) pour transmettre l'énergie de percussion à un outil (36) de la perceuse de percussion ou du marteau burineur, sont disposés et mobiles dans le carter (12), le long de son axe longitudinal (L), dans lequel une installation de commande est agencée pour commuter le mécanisme de percussion entre un entraînement à vide et un entraînement à percussion, dans lequel, dans l'entraînement à percussion, entre le piston d'entraînement et le corps de percussion, peut être prévu un premier coussin d'air (80) pour assurer la transmission de l'énergie du piston d'entraînement sur le corps de percussion, ainsi que, lors de l'entraînement à vide, un deuxième coussin d'air (40) peut être prévu pour assurer l'amortissement entre le corps de percussion (20) et le burin de percussion (30), et dans lequel le carter (12) comporte au moins une première ouverture d'évacuation de l'air (50) pour libérer l'air du premier coussin d'air (80) et au moins une deuxième ouverture d'évacuation de l'air (12b) pour libérer l'air du deuxième coussin d'air (40), dans lequel
    les deux parties (14, 16) du carter peuvent être coulissées l'une en direction de l'autre le long de leur axe longitudinal (L), dans lequel les deux parties (14, 16) du carter comportent au moins un alésage de dégazage (14b, 16b), qui, dans une première position des parties (14, 16) du carter fuient au moins partiellement ensemble pour constituer ensemble la deuxième ouverture d'évacuation de l'air (12b) et pour permettre de libérer l'air du deuxième coussin d'air (40), et qui, dans une deuxième position, respectivement par la deuxième partie (14, 16) du carter (12), sont fermées pour permettre d'assurer un amortissement, caractérisé en ce que le corps de percussion (20) et le burin de percussion (30) sont intégralement contenus dans le carter en deux parties.
  2. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston d'entraînement et le corps de percussion comportent respectivement un secteur étanche qui est en contact étanche avec la paroi intérieure du carter (12) pour délimiter entre eux le coussin d'air (80) à l'intérieur du carter.
  3. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le carter (12) en deux parties, comporte un guidage qui autorise un déplacement axial entre les deux parties (14, 16), l'une par rapport à l'autre et empêche un mouvement radial des deux parties (14, 16), l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  4. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que
    le guidage comporte au moins une tige de guidage (16a) disposée sur une partie (16) du carter, qui est guidée dans une rainure de guidage (14a) solidaire de l'autre partie (14) du carter.
  5. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que
    la rainure de guidage (14a) est constituée d'un trou oblong ménagé dans la paroi de l'une des parties (14) du carter, dans lequel la tige de guidage (16a) est guidée.
  6. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il
    comporte un élément de rappel élastique (18) qui est agencé pour que l'une des deux parties de carter (14, 16) soit maintenue dans une des deux positions ou qu'elle soit rappelée dans l'une des deux positions.
  7. Mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de rappel élastique comprend un ressort (18), agencé pour exercer une précontrainte pour tirer les deux parties (14, 16) du carter l'une vers l'autre.
  8. Perceuse frappeuse ou marteau burineur entraîné mécaniquement, comportant un mécanisme de percussion à coussin d'air (10), selon une des revendications 1 à 7.
EP12181795.1A 2011-08-29 2012-08-24 Méchanisme de percussion à coussin d'air pour marteau perforateur ou burineur motorisé Active EP2564985B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011081711A DE102011081711A1 (de) 2011-08-29 2011-08-29 Luftpolster-Schlagwerk für einen motorisch angetriebenen Bohr- oder Schlaghammer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2564985A1 EP2564985A1 (fr) 2013-03-06
EP2564985B1 true EP2564985B1 (fr) 2017-01-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4353416A1 (fr) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-17 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Outil électrique

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DE1969990U (de) * 1967-07-31 1967-10-05 Hilti Ag Umschaltvorrichtung fuer elektro-pneumatische bohrhaemmer.
DE2641070A1 (de) * 1976-09-11 1978-03-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Motorisch angetriebener schlaghammer mit luftfederung
DE3826213A1 (de) 1988-08-02 1990-02-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bohr- oder schlaghammer
DE3932134A1 (de) * 1989-09-27 1991-04-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hammer mit luftfederschlagwerk
JP3292972B2 (ja) * 1996-03-29 2002-06-17 株式会社マキタ 打撃工具
DE19810088C1 (de) 1998-03-10 1999-08-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bohr- und/oder Schlaghammer mit in Abhängigkeit von der Einstecktiefe eines Werkzeuges aktivierbarem Schlagwerk
EP1464449B1 (fr) * 2003-04-01 2010-03-24 Makita Corporation Outil électrique
DE102006056848A1 (de) 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pneumatisches Schlagwerk einer Handwerkzeugmaschine
JP5171085B2 (ja) * 2007-03-28 2013-03-27 株式会社マキタ 打撃工具
DE102009002238A1 (de) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schlagsteuerungsvorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4353416A1 (fr) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-17 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Outil électrique

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EP2564985A1 (fr) 2013-03-06

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