EP1089855B1 - Dispositif de percussion pneumatique avec piston d'entrainement a faible epaisseur de paroi - Google Patents

Dispositif de percussion pneumatique avec piston d'entrainement a faible epaisseur de paroi Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1089855B1
EP1089855B1 EP99931180A EP99931180A EP1089855B1 EP 1089855 B1 EP1089855 B1 EP 1089855B1 EP 99931180 A EP99931180 A EP 99931180A EP 99931180 A EP99931180 A EP 99931180A EP 1089855 B1 EP1089855 B1 EP 1089855B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide sleeve
piston
drive piston
impact
impact mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99931180A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1089855A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Berger
Wolfgang Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Original Assignee
Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1089855A1 publication Critical patent/EP1089855A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1089855B1 publication Critical patent/EP1089855B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2211/00—Details of portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D2211/003—Crossed drill and motor spindles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air spring hammer mechanism for a percussion and / or Hammer drill.
  • the striking mechanism takes up relatively little space and is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the percussion piston reaches one high impact speed.
  • the reliable one is also particularly advantageous Starting behavior of the striking mechanism from idle.
  • EP 0 014 760 A1 describes an air spring hammer mechanism with a hollow drive piston described in which a percussion piston by a between the drive piston and percussion-forming air spring is driven. If the hammer in which the striking mechanism is used is from the the rock to be machined is lifted, the percussion piston moves so far forward that the air spring has an idle hole with the Environment can be connected. Refilling the air spring in the Impact operation takes place via a radial bore in a guide sleeve of the Drive piston, which is controlled via a fixed slot.
  • DE 33 16 013 A1 describes a hammer drill with a pneumatically operated one Knock body known in a hollow cylindrical drive piston There is a ventilation hole in the wall of the drive piston and an idle opening, wherein the drive piston in a fixed sliding bush is guided. There is one in this sliding bush correspondence opening associated with the idle opening, with which through partial or complete opening by a suitable control device the impact strength of the impact body adjusted accordingly or canceled can be.
  • the correspondence opening is fully open, the The hammer drill can therefore be operated as a pure drilling machine because of the forward stroke of the drive piston to be compressed to accelerate the percussion piston Air volume through the idle opening and the correspondence opening can escape into the environment.
  • the invention has for its object, while maintaining the positive Characteristics of the striking mechanism a reduction of the idling occurring To achieve vibrations.
  • the air spring hammer mechanism has a drive piston, with a piston suspension, a piston crown and with a guide sleeve, wherein at least one air compensation slot is provided in the guide sleeve
  • the guide sleeve can be hollow cylindrical or have an elliptical or angular shape.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the Air compensation slot extends in the axial direction of the guide sleeve. Especially It is therefore advantageous that the guide sleeve is as small as possible Wall thickness less than 5% of the diameter of the guide sleeve has and is provided with idle openings.
  • the drive piston can be particularly advantageous in the air spring hammer mechanism be used in which a percussion piston in the guide sleeve of the drive piston is axially reciprocable.
  • the air equalization slot has of the drive piston has a greater axial length than a contact surface of the percussion piston with the guide sleeve when the percussion piston is fully retracted into the guide sleeve so that a between the drive piston and the percussion piston trained and an air spring enclosing cavity with a front part of the drive piston, i.e. connected to a front end face of the hollow drive piston can be. If the drive piston is then e.g.
  • the air spring can be guided through the air compensation slot be ventilated in which air from the environment, i.e. from the front of the drive piston is sucked into the cavity.
  • the air compensation slot is through the guide tube on its radial outside covered so that a connection between the cavity and the Environment only in certain relative positions between the percussion piston and the drive piston is possible, namely when the percussion piston with the entire length of its contact surface with the drive piston inside the axial extension of the air compensation slot.
  • Fig. 1 shows a drive piston 1 according to the invention in side view and in cross section.
  • the drive piston 1 is made of steel and has a hollow cylindrical Guide sleeve 1a on.
  • the guide sleeve 1a is on an end face 1b - In Fig. 1 at the lower end - open and on the other end by one Piston plate 2 covered.
  • a piston suspension extends from the piston crown 2 3 in the form of two webs, each transverse to the axial direction of the drive piston 1 are penetrated by holes 4. In the Bores 4 becomes - as will be explained later with reference to FIG. 2 - a connecting rod journal inserted, the drive piston 1 articulated with a connecting rod combines.
  • the guide sleeve 1a there are three air compensation slots offset by 120 ° to one another 5 is provided, which is in the axial direction of the guide sleeve 1a extend.
  • the air compensation slots 5 are used to one inside the air sleeve forming the guide sleeve 1a after each impact cycle to supply fresh air.
  • idle openings 6 are formed in the guide sleeve 1a, which are arranged in two axial rows 7, 8 zigzag.
  • the distance between the individual idle openings 6 to each other so dimensioned that an edge tangentially applied to the guide sleeve 1a an axial movement of the idle openings 6 are run over in this way can that a permanent connection between the Inside of the guide sleeve 1a and its exterior.
  • each at least two idle openings 6 from different rows 7, 8 adjacent to each other, with the centers of the relevant idle openings 6 have a distance in the axial direction of the guide sleeve 1a, which is smaller than the mean of the diameter of the idle orifices in question, as can also be seen from FIG. 1.
  • the guide sleeve 1a has an extremely thin wall made of steel with a Thickness of less than 3 mm. This can reduce the weight of the drive piston 1 can be minimized. The preservation of the material steel ensures particularly good wear, emergency running and sealing properties.
  • the guide sleeve 1a according to FIG. 1 is hollow-cylindrical. With others however, embodiments can also have other basic shapes and Z. B. have an elliptical or angular hollow cross section. Accordingly, the shape of the guide sleeve (housing) or to adapt components (percussion pistons) guided through the guide sleeve.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial section through a hammer drill, in which the invention Drive piston 1 used in an air spring hammer mechanism becomes.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail from FIG. 2 and serves for clarification the percussion display.
  • a crankshaft gear 11 is driven in rotation by an electric motor 10, that with a crankshaft disk rotatably mounted in a hammer housing 12 13 forms a crankshaft which is made of plastic Connecting rod 14 drives.
  • the connecting rod 14 is at its other end via a connecting rod pin 15 the piston suspension 3 of the drive piston 1 according to the invention articulated connected and thereby moves with appropriate rotation of the crankshaft the drive piston 1 with its piston crown 2 and the guide sleeve 1a axially in a guide tube belonging to the hammer housing 12 16 back and forth.
  • a percussion piston 17 is axially movable inside the guide sleeve 1a arranged, which also an axially movable die 18 in known per se Beats cyclically against a tool, not shown.
  • the drive piston 1 is with its guide sleeve 1a in the guide tube 16 slidably guided, the inner contour of the guide tube 16 to the outer contour the guide sleeve 1a is adapted.
  • the guide tube 16 hollow cylindrical, but can, for. B. at a angular guide sleeve 1a also have flat guide surfaces.
  • the guide sleeve 1a is extremely thin-walled and has the air compensation slots 5 on the front face 1b of the drive piston 1 with the ambient air atmosphere inside the hammer housing 12 can be connected.
  • the air compensation slots 5 are completely through the guide tube 16th covered on their radial outer surface and lead with a corresponding relative position of drive piston 1 and percussion piston 17 the air to the Cavity 19 in the axial direction.
  • the air compensation slots 5 have one greater axial length than the percussion piston 17, or at least a larger one Axial length as a contact surface of the percussion piston 17 with the guide sleeve 1a of the drive piston 1. As particularly clearly in the enlarged 3 can be seen, this allows the air at the Percussion pistons 17 are passed through the air compensation slots 5 can if the percussion piston 7 with its total length within the Axial length of the air compensation slots 5 is.
  • the illustration in question shows the moment at which the drive piston 1 by the connecting rod 14 and the crank mechanism in its left extreme position accordingly a front dead center has been moved. Because of the in the air piston forming the cavity 19 is the impact piston 17 after struck in front against the striker 18, which in turn applies the impact energy forwards the tool, not shown.
  • the cavity 19 is at this moment via the air compensation slots 5 with the ambient atmosphere, at least but in connection with the front end face 1b of the drive piston 1, so that air flow into the cavity 19 and recharge the air spring can.
  • the drive piston 1 is then to the right by the crank mechanism moves, whereby air continues to be sucked in through the air compensation slot 5 becomes.
  • the percussion piston 17 bounces back from the die 18 and follows with one certain time delay of the movement of the drive piston 1. Er is also caused by the negative pressure created in the cavity 19 sucked back. If the percussion piston 17 or its contact surface with the Guide sleeve 1a a rear control edge 5a of the air compensation slot 5th has run over, the cavity 19 is again sealed from the environment, so that with the next forward movement of the drive piston 1 can rebuild the air spring.
  • the ventilation openings 6 enable practically exactly when the Percussion piston trailing edge 17a passes the control edge 20, a connection between the cavity 19 and the environment, thereby creating the cavity 19 is ventilated and effective pressure build-up is no longer possible.
  • the striking mechanism is idling. Only by putting it back on of the tool and thus moving back the striker 18 and the Percussion piston 17 can again control edge 20 from the percussion piston trailing edge 17a are run over, creating the connection between the cavity 19 and ventilation duct 21 is interrupted. The striking mechanism takes then its operation again.
  • the hammer drill shown can also a rotational movement can be exerted on the tool.
  • a bevel pinion 22 is shrunk onto the crankshaft, with a bevel gear 23 combs.
  • the rotational movement of the bevel gear 23 is a known safety coupling 24 is transmitted to a vertical shaft 25, from where it on the tool in a manner not shown, but known is imposed.
  • the air compensation slots 5 provided according to the invention replace the previously usual air compensation pockets on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 1a. This allows the wall thickness of the guide sleeve 1a to be minimized and therefore save considerable weight, which is beneficial to that Vibration behavior of the striking mechanism affects when idling. Will continue Material saved during production, which reduces manufacturing costs to let.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de percussion pneumatique destiné à un marteau à percussion et/ou à un marteau-piqueur est caractérisé par un piston d'entraînement (1) comportant des fentes d'équilibrage pneumatique (5) et une faible épaisseur de paroi externe de sa douille de guidage (1a). Il s'ensuit une diminution notable des vibrations lors de la marche au ralenti du dispositif de percussion, ce qui confère à ce dernier des caractéristiques avantageuses de tenue à l'usure et de compacité.

Claims (5)

  1. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique pour marteau-pilon ou marteau-perforateur, comportant
    un piston d'entraínement (1) déplaçable axialement dans un sens et dans l'autre avec une douille de guidage (1a), un fond de piston (2) et une suspension de piston (3) ;
    un piston percuteur (17) déplaçable axialement en sens alterné dans la douille de guidage (1a);
    une cavité (19) formée entre le piston d'entraínement (1) et le piston percuteur (17) et entourant un coussin d'air ; et comportant
    un tube de guidage (16) qui guide la douille de guidage (1a) ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    il est prévu dans la douille de guidage (la) au moins une fente d'équilibrage d'air (5) qui présente une longueur supérieure à la longueur axiale d'une surface de contact entre le piston percuteur (17) et la douille de guidage (1a), lorsque le piston percuteur (17) est totalement introduit dans la douille de guidage (1a) ;
    le tube de guidage (16) recouvre la fente d'équilibrage d'air (5) sur son côté radial extérieur ; et
    la cavité (19) peut être amenée en liaison, par la fente d'équilibrage d'air (5), avec un côté d'extrémité avant (1b) du piston d'entraínement (1).
  2. Mécanisme de percussion pneumatique selon la revendication (1), caractérisé en ce que la douille de guidage (1a) présente une épaisseur de paroi inférieure à 5 % du diamètre de la douille de guidage.
  3. Mécanisme à percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que dans la douille de guidage (1a) est prévu au moins un orifice de marche à vide (6).
  4. Mécanisme à percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les orifices de marche à vide (6) sont disposés en deux rangées (7, 8) disposées côte à côte dans la direction axiale de la douille de guidage (1a), au moins deux orifices de marche à vide (6) de rangées différentes étant voisins l'un de l'autre et les centres des orifices de marche à vide (6) concernés présentant, dans la direction axiale de la douille de guidage (1a), une distance qui est inférieure à la moyenne des diamètres des orifices de marche à vide concernés.
  5. Mécanisme à percussion pneumatique selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que dans le tube de guidage (16) est prévu au moins un canal d'aération (21) sur lequel les orifices de marche à vide (6) peuvent passer pendant le déplacement du piston d'entraínement (1).
EP99931180A 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Dispositif de percussion pneumatique avec piston d'entrainement a faible epaisseur de paroi Expired - Lifetime EP1089855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19828426 1998-06-25
DE19828426A DE19828426C2 (de) 1998-06-25 1998-06-25 Antriebskolben mit geringer Wandstärke für ein Luftfederschlagwerk
PCT/EP1999/004415 WO1999067064A1 (fr) 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Dispositif de percussion pneumatique avec piston d'entrainement a faible epaisseur de paroi

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1089855A1 EP1089855A1 (fr) 2001-04-11
EP1089855B1 true EP1089855B1 (fr) 2002-04-10

Family

ID=7872052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99931180A Expired - Lifetime EP1089855B1 (fr) 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Dispositif de percussion pneumatique avec piston d'entrainement a faible epaisseur de paroi

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6237700B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1089855B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4862124B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19828426C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2174622T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999067064A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10103996C1 (de) * 2001-01-30 2002-10-02 Wacker Werke Kg Luftfederschlagwerk für einen Schlag- und/oder Bohrhammer mit kurz bauendem Antriebskolben
DE10145464C2 (de) * 2001-09-14 2003-08-28 Wacker Construction Equipment Bohr- und/oder Schlaghammer mit anpressdruckabhängiger Leerlaufsteuerung
DE10204861B4 (de) * 2002-02-06 2004-01-29 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Luftfederschlagwerk mit elektrodynamisch bewegtem Antriebskolben
DE602004026243D1 (de) * 2003-05-09 2010-05-12 Makita Corp Elektrowerkzeug
DE10333799B3 (de) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-17 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Hohlkolbenschlagwerk mit Luftausgleichs- und Leerlauföffnung
GB0428210D0 (en) * 2004-12-23 2005-01-26 Black & Decker Inc Mode change mechanism
DE102005028918A1 (de) * 2005-06-22 2006-12-28 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Bohr- und/oder Schlaghammer mit Leerlaufsteuerung
GB0713432D0 (en) * 2007-07-11 2007-08-22 Black & Decker Inc Rotary hammer-chain drive
DE102007000488A1 (de) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-19 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Handwerkzeugmaschine mit Luftfederschlagswerk, Linearmotor und Steuerverfahren
DE102009026542A1 (de) 2009-05-28 2010-12-09 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine
CN102069476B (zh) * 2009-11-19 2013-03-13 南京德朔实业有限公司 动力榔头
US8636081B2 (en) 2011-12-15 2014-01-28 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Rotary hammer
WO2015133198A1 (fr) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-11 日立工機株式会社 Outil de frappe
US10814468B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2020-10-27 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Percussion tool
CN214723936U (zh) 2018-01-26 2021-11-16 米沃奇电动工具公司 冲击工具
JP7412135B2 (ja) * 2019-11-05 2024-01-12 株式会社マキタ 打撃工具

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JP3900379B2 (ja) * 1996-11-12 2007-04-04 日東工器株式会社 空圧式打撃工具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2174622T3 (es) 2002-11-01
US6237700B1 (en) 2001-05-29
DE19828426A1 (de) 2000-01-13
EP1089855A1 (fr) 2001-04-11
JP2002518197A (ja) 2002-06-25
JP4862124B2 (ja) 2012-01-25
WO1999067064A1 (fr) 1999-12-29
DE59901204D1 (de) 2002-05-16
DE19828426C2 (de) 2003-04-03

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