EP1351877B1 - Appareil de levage - Google Patents

Appareil de levage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1351877B1
EP1351877B1 EP01984886A EP01984886A EP1351877B1 EP 1351877 B1 EP1351877 B1 EP 1351877B1 EP 01984886 A EP01984886 A EP 01984886A EP 01984886 A EP01984886 A EP 01984886A EP 1351877 B1 EP1351877 B1 EP 1351877B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting apparatus
slide
spar
roller
push
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01984886A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1351877A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Geis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10101986A external-priority patent/DE10101986B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2001119273 external-priority patent/DE10119273B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2001140449 external-priority patent/DE10140449B4/de
Application filed by Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH filed Critical Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1351877A1 publication Critical patent/EP1351877A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1351877B1 publication Critical patent/EP1351877B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such lifting devices are used to transport containers and are used in particular in port facilities.
  • These lifting devices have a stationary main frame in which two displacement carriers are guided.
  • the displacement carriers each open out at an outlet opening at a longitudinal end of the main frame and are displaceable in its longitudinal direction.
  • the sliding carrier At the free longitudinal ends of the sliding carrier are receptacles for coupling to the respective container.
  • a recording forming a locking pin At the two laterally above the sliding support protruding ends of the head support is in each case a recording forming a locking pin. These locking pins are used to attach the lifting device to the container.
  • Eckeinweiser are provided which serve to position the lifting device on the container.
  • the corner guards are located in the immediate vicinity of the locking pins.
  • the sliding supports are driven by means of hydraulic drives to carry out the displacement movements in the main frame.
  • a hydraulic drive comprises at least one hydraulic motor with a hydraulic pump.
  • the power transmission from the hydraulic motor to a displacement support by means of steel link chains.
  • a lubricating cushion made of grease is provided between the walls of the main frame and the sliding support to reduce the sliding friction between the abutting surfaces.
  • the recordings are also driven by hydraulic drives.
  • the corner guides can optionally also be rigidly connected to the respective head carrier.
  • a disadvantage of such lifting devices is on the one hand, the high energy requirements for the drive of the moving units, in particular the displacement carrier. This is due in particular to the fact that the hydraulic drives continuously energy must be supplied, even if no movement of the corresponding units takes place.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lifting device of the type mentioned, which can be operated with low energy and maintenance.
  • the displacement carrier guided in the main frame and the receptacles for coupling the lifting device are driven to a container by means of at least one electric drive.
  • the displacement support in the main frame of carbon fiber composites.
  • a significant advantage of this lifting device is that can be completely dispensed with the use of electric drives on hydraulic drives. This avoids the risk of leaks, which can occur in hydraulic systems. Accordingly, soiling of the lifting device and the container are significantly reduced. In addition, the electric drives are virtually maintenance-free and also allow a very accurate positioning of the connected units.
  • the energy saving is further increased by the fact that the displacement carrier are guided via roller bearings in the main frame.
  • the interfaces between the main frame and the sliding supports are thus no longer directly adjacent to each other but are guided free of friction on the roller bearing.
  • the electric drive for carrying out the displacement movement of a displacement carrier comprises an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt.
  • the toothed belt is engaged with a power supply rod on the respective displacement carrier.
  • displacement carrier consist at least partially of carbon fiber composite materials.
  • the roller bearing consists of spring-mounted rollers.
  • the spring system provides efficient shock absorption, particularly when the lifter is placed on the container, and thus also a significant reduction in the level of noise. This effect is exacerbated by the fact that arranged at the free ends of the slide carrier head carrier, on which the recordings are arranged for coupling to the container, are glued to the sliding support. As adhesives for this purpose preferably shock-absorbing Vulkollantiken be used.
  • An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of linear motors as drives for the displacement carrier.
  • linear actuators no moving parts are needed to meet the requirements of to transmit the force generated by the drive to the displacement carrier for carrying out the displacement movement.
  • the linear drives work completely wear-free and maintenance-free.
  • the operation of the invention Lifting device environmentally friendly, especially because no leaks can occur on the linear drives.
  • all components of the linear drives are stationary attachable to the lifter.
  • the primary part of a linear drive is stationarily arranged on the main frame of the lifting device, the secondary part of the linear drive is also arranged stationary on the respective displacement carrier.
  • the cable feeds to the components of the linear drives can be installed stationary.
  • the linear drives can thus be mounted on the lifting device in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the displacement of the lifting device each consist of two bars, which are conveniently performed in separate insertion chambers of the main frame.
  • each rail of a displacement support is associated with a linear drive.
  • a secondary part is provided in the form of a metallic rail extending in its longitudinal direction.
  • the primary part of the respective linear drive is arranged in or on the insertion chamber associated with the spar.
  • the lifter thus formed is extremely inexpensive to produce.
  • linear actuators a narrow design of the lifting device can be achieved, whereby good visibility is obtained on the lifter. This in turn leads to increased safety in the operation of the lifting device.
  • An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of drum motors as drives for the displacement carrier.
  • drum motors Through the use of drum motors, an exact positioning of the sliding support is made possible. In this case, the energy required to process the displacement carrier extremely low. In addition, the drum motors can be operated almost wear-free.
  • friction coatings are applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums of the drum motors, which consist for example of a wear-resistant rubber material or of a glass fiber-containing plastic material.
  • the drums of the drum motors consist for example of a wear-resistant rubber material or of a glass fiber-containing plastic material.
  • the friction linings and friction linings are made wear-resistant and, in particular, resistant to abrasion, so that the friction effect between the linings is long-term stable.
  • the walls of the sliding support are at least partially formed in the form of truss structures and thus have a particularly high stability with low weight on.
  • this framework construction consists of glass fiber materials, carbon composites and / or hybrid sandwich constructions of several layers of the aforementioned materials. Due to this design, the stability and weight of a sliding support can be further optimized.
  • the displacement support can be optimally optimized with regard to occurring tensile and compressive stresses that under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support predominantly made of glass fiber materials, while under pressure loads standing elements of the displacement support consist mainly of carbon fiber composites.
  • suspensions in the form of spring leaves are provided for the rollers of the roller bearings.
  • This type of cushion absorbs occurring loads, especially shock loads, efficiently and also protects the rollers against damage.
  • FIGS. 1 - 8 show embodiments of the lifting device which in the DE 101 01 986 originally disclosed.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lifting device 1 for transporting a container, not shown.
  • the lifting device 1 has a main frame 2, in which two displacement carrier 3 are guided.
  • the main frame 2 is made of steel and has a substantially cuboid outer contour. At the longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 openings are provided, in which the displacement carrier 3 are inserted.
  • the displacement carrier 3 open at opposite longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 and are arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2.
  • the displacement carrier 3 consist of carbon fiber composite materials and have a substantially identical structure. In this case, each shift carrier 3 two extending in the longitudinal direction of the spars 4.
  • the spars 4 extend at a distance parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross-section.
  • FIG. 2 it can be seen that the heights of the spars 4 correspond substantially to the height of the main frame 2.
  • FIG. 1 it can be seen that the spars 4 of the first displacement support 3 are laterally offset from the spars 4 of the second displacement support 3, so that they can be pushed past each other within the main frame 2.
  • a head support 6 is arranged in each case, wherein both the spars 4 and the energy supply rod 5 of the displacement support 3 are guided on the head support 6.
  • the longitudinal axis of the head support 6 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding displacement support 3.
  • recordings are provided for coupling to the container.
  • the recordings are formed on the one hand by locking pin 7.
  • a head carrier 6 At each end of a head carrier 6, such a locking pin 7 is arranged in a housing 8.
  • the locking pin 7 are used to attach the lifting device 1 on the container, this being in corresponding recesses 42? grip the container and are fixed there, so that by means of the lifting device 1, the container can be lifted.
  • an electric motor 10 is provided for each shift carrier 3 as an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt 11.
  • Each toothed belt 11 runs in a roll-guided manner in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2 and is in engagement with the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support 3.
  • the movement of the toothed belt 11 is transmitted to the energy supply rod 5, whereby the displacement support 3 is displaced.
  • FIG. 3 how out FIG. 3 the spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 are shown in separate insertion chambers 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • the spars 4 of the first sliding support 3, the front in FIG. 3 is shown extending into two first insertion chambers 12, which are arranged on two opposite side walls of the main chamber.
  • the energy supply rods 5 of Displacement carrier 3 are guided in holes 13 of a cross member 14 of the main frame 2, of which a in FIG. 3 is shown.
  • the displacement carrier 3 are guided over roller bearings in the individual insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the roller bearings comprise a plurality of rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 which are arranged on the individual bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 and on the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are made of polypropylene, rigid foam or metal and are preferably spring-mounted.
  • the arrangements of the rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are identical for all insertion chambers 12, 12 'and guided therein spars 4.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the arrangement of a first, second and a third roller 15, 16, 17 for guiding a spar 4 in a slide-in chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the first roller 15 and the second roller 16 are arranged on the back of the spar 4.
  • the first roller 15 is arranged on the upper side of the spar 4 so that it protrudes slightly beyond the flat upper side and rolls on the facing inner wall of the spar 4.
  • the second roller 16 is correspondingly arranged on the underside of the spar 4.
  • a third roller 17 is mounted so that it rolls on the underside of the spar 4.
  • the first buffer plate 19 is opposite to the third roller 17, the second buffer plate 19 'is close to the first roller 15.
  • the buffer plates 19, 19' project from the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', with their heights to the overall height and installation position the first roller 15 are adapted so that this on the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'can roll.
  • the buffer plates 19, 19 ' prevent jamming of the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12, in particular during the displacement movement of the spar 4 and when lifting the container.
  • rollers 15, 16, 17 each have in the horizontal direction and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the sliding support 3 extending axes of rotation.
  • the rollers 15, 16, 17 extend almost over the entire width of the spar 4.
  • the bearing of the rollers 15, 16, 17 is in FIG. 3 shown in detail.
  • the first and second rollers 15, 16 on the back of the spars 4 of the shift carrier 3 each sit on a roller block 20 at the bottom and top of the spar 4.
  • the rollers 15, 16 are in each case fastened by means of a holder 21 on the roller block 20, so that a small distance between the respective roller 15, 16 and the roller block 20 remains.
  • Each roller block 20 is in turn mounted on a spring 22, wherein the springs 22 rest on a common support plate 23.
  • the springs 22 are preferably formed by helical compression springs or silent blocks.
  • the third roller 17 is spring-mounted.
  • the third roller 17 is located at the outlet of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein the roller 17 is mounted on the underside of the insertion chamber 12, 12', so that it protrudes slightly above the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'upwards.
  • the third roller 17 sits on a spring buffer 24 made of plastic.
  • the undersides of the insertion chambers 12, 12 'and the spring buffer 24 preferably have slots, not shown, through which dirt and water from the respective insertion chamber 12, 12' can escape.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement support 3 are guided at their upper and lower sides in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • rollers 18 are provided, which as in FIG. 3 shown protruding from the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '. These rollers 18 may be resiliently mounted.
  • FIG. 5 shows the free end of a sliding support 3, to which a head support 6 is attached.
  • the head support 6 is glued to the sliding support 3.
  • As the adhesive a special adhesive is used, which has a strong shock absorbing effect.
  • a plastic layer or the like 25 is located between the front side of the sliding support 3 and the inside of the head support 6.
  • At the bottom of the head support 6 is a receiving part for a in FIG. 5
  • On the upper side of the receiving part is a shoulder 26, which is at a distance from the bottom of the slide carrier 3.
  • a further plastic layer or the like 27 is introduced, which serves as a buffer for cushioning shock loads when placing the head support 6 on the container.
  • plastic bearings 28 are provided on the sliding support 3.
  • a downwardly projecting projection 29 is provided, which in a recess 42? on the shift carrier 3 engages.
  • the head support 6 can be mechanically fixed to the displacement carrier 3.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows an electric drive for positioning two arranged on a head support 6 locking pin 7.
  • the electric drive comprises an electric motor 30 and two head support push rods 31, of which one is guided to a locking pin 7.
  • the head carrier push rods 31 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • FIG. 7 Such coupled to a head support push rod 31 locking pin 7 is in FIG. 7 shown in detail.
  • the horizontally extending head carrier push rod 31 is guided via a bearing 32 on the locking pin 7, whose longitudinal axis extends in the vertical direction.
  • the electric motor 30 can be driven via the head carrier push rod 31 and the bearing 32 of the locking pin 7 and placed in a rotary motion to this in a recess 42? to fix a container.
  • a buffer 35 is provided between a vertically extending holder 33 and a hard steel plate 34 on the side of the locking pin 7.
  • the buffer 35 consists of a sandwich structure of steel and plastic plates.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a pivotally mounted on the head support 6 and electrically driven Eckeinweisers 9.
  • the corner Einweiser 9 is formed scoop-shaped.
  • To carry out the pivoting movement of the corner guide 9 is coupled to a planetary gear 36 or worm gear.
  • a rotary magnet may be provided instead of the planetary gear 36.
  • the corner guides 9 can also be arranged rigidly on the respective head carrier 6.
  • FIGS. 9-11 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 which in the DE 101 19 273 originally disclosed.
  • FIG. 9 schematically, a lifting device 1 is shown, which has a substantially identical structure with the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2
  • the lifting device 1 again has two displacement carriers 3 which are displaceably mounted on a main frame 2, wherein the displacement carriers 3 each have two spars 4 extending parallel to one another.
  • Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4 energy supply rod 5.
  • the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3.
  • the housing 8 At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner Einweiser 9th
  • each linear drive 37 has a primary part 38 and a secondary part 39. How out FIG. 9 it can be seen for each spar 4 of the displacement support 3, a separate linear drive 37 is provided.
  • the primary part 38 of a linear drive 37 is stationarily mounted on the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • the secondary part 39 of the respective linear drive 37 is mounted on the in the relevant insertion chamber 12, 12 'extending spar 4.
  • the primary part 38 has means for generating a traveling magnetic field.
  • the secondary part 39 consists of a metallic rail, in particular an aluminum rail. This rail extends in the longitudinal direction of the spar 4 and preferably extends over its entire length.
  • the secondary part 39 is mounted on the spar 4 in such a way that it lies at a constant predetermined distance from the primary part 38 of the respective linear drive 37.
  • the roller bearings which ensure that the distance between primary part 38 and secondary part 39 remains constant for any desired displacement positions of the respective displacement carrier 3, serve this purpose.
  • each shift carrier 3 is associated with a locking device.
  • Each locking device is formed by a brake 40, in the present case of a shoe brake.
  • Each brake 40 acts on the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support. 3
  • the energy supply rod 5 of a displacement support 3 runs between the uprights 4 of the respective displacement support 3 and is guided with its front end onto the head support 6.
  • the transversely extending to the longitudinal axes of the sliding support 3 cross member 14 is provided, which has recordings for guiding the energy supply rods 5 of both displacement carrier 3.
  • these recordings are the jaw brakes, wherein the brake shoes of the brakes 40 are pressed to lock the shift carrier 3 on the lateral surface of the energy supply rods 5.
  • a spiral cable 41 for supplying power to the electrical units into the head carrier 6 leads from the cross member 14 via the energy supply rods 5.
  • FIG. 10 shows a first arrangement of linear actuators 37 on the bars 4 of the sliding support 3 of the lifting device 1.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement support 3, which in the present case made of steel, are box-shaped and have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the cross sections of the interiors of the insertion chambers 12, 12 ' are adapted to the cross sections of the guided therein spars 4, so that the spars 4 are guided with little play in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12'.
  • the spars 4 are by means of the roller bearings according to the in the Figures 1 - 8 described embodiments, thereby ensuring that the outer walls the bars 4 are each guided at constant intervals to the inner walls of the associated insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each inserted into a recess 42 of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 ', so that the flat surface of the primary part 38 is flush with the surface of the adjoining inner wall of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12'.
  • the secondary parts 39 of the linear drives 37 are each formed by metallic rails, which is attached to the primary part 38 facing side wall of a spar 4.
  • the surface of such a rail is flush with the surface of the adjacent side wall of the spar 4.
  • the heights of the primary parts 38 and the opposing secondaries 39 are preferably identical.
  • FIG. 11 shows a second arrangement of linear actuators 37 to the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 of the lifting device 1.
  • the insertion chambers 12, 12 ' have, in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 10 again a rectangular cross section.
  • the cavities of the insertion chambers 12, 12 ', in which the spars 4 are guided have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3, which consist in the present case of carbon fiber composites, have an H-shaped cross-section.
  • Each spar 4 consists of a support element 4a and two guide elements 4b, which each have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the support member 4a extends almost over the entire height of the cavity of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein its width is considerably smaller than the width of the insertion chamber 12, 12'.
  • the flat side walls of the support elements 4a are thus at a distance from the side walls of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the side walls of the support element extend 4a in vertical planes parallel to the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • On the upper and lower edge of the support member 4a is in each case a guide element 4b, which lies in a horizontal plane and protrudes in a symmetrical manner over the side walls of the support member 4a.
  • the upper side and the side surfaces of the upper guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the underside and the side surfaces of the lower guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the guide elements 4b are used to guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein for this purpose the roller bearings are provided which in the embodiments according to the Figures 1-8 are described.
  • the primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each attached to the inside of a side wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the trained as metallic rails secondary parts 39 of the linear actuators 37 are each attached to the primary part 38 facing side surface of the support member 4 a of the respective spar 4.
  • roller spacers 43 are provided, which are part of the roller bearings.
  • the roller spacers 43 have retaining clips fastened to the primary parts 38, on the underside of which rollers are mounted which roll on the side wall of the carrier element 4a.
  • FIGS. 12-15 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 according to the invention, which in the DE 10140 449 originally disclosed.
  • the Figures 12 and 13 show a lifting device 1, whose structure essentially the structure of the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2
  • the lifting device 1 in turn in turn has two displaceable on a main frame 2 mounted shift carrier 3, wherein the displacement support 3 each have two parallel spars 4.
  • Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12 or 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4, forming a push rod energy supply rod 5.
  • the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3.
  • the housing 8 At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner nothers 9 not shown separately.
  • drum motors 44 are provided, each motor having an electrically driven, substantially cylindrical drum 45.
  • Each drum 45 is mounted on a drive shaft 46.
  • the drum motors 44 are arranged on both sides of the energy supply rod 5 opposite.
  • the energy supply rod 5 has a rectangular cross section.
  • the drum 45 of the first drum motor 44 rests on the upper side, the drum 45 of the second drum motor 44 on the underside of the energy supply rod 5.
  • the drums 45 are pressed against the energy supply rod 5 with a predetermined spring tension generated by a spring, not shown.
  • the drums 45 of the drum motors 44 rotate in opposite directions and roll on the surfaces of the power supply rod 5, so that is displaced by the rotational movement of the drums 45 of the slide carrier 3 in the longitudinal direction.
  • an unillustrated friction lining is applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums 45.
  • the friction lining consists of a wear-resistant rubber material or a glass fiber-containing plastic casting material.
  • FIG. 14 shows a guided in the main frame 2 of the lifting device 1 sliding support 3, the side walls are formed in the form of truss structures consisting of horizontally, vertically and obliquely extending struts 47.
  • this displacement carrier 3 By lying between the braces 47 cavities, this displacement carrier 3 has a particularly low weight.
  • the struts 47 according to FIG. 14 Nevertheless, a high stability is achieved.
  • the displacement carrier 3 or at least partially made of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials.
  • Particularly preferred are under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support 3 made of fiberglass materials, while under pressure loading elements of the sliding support 3 consist of carbon fiber composites. As a result, a particularly high stability and load capacity of the sliding support 3 is achieved.
  • the displacement support 3 is manufactured in a hybrid sandwich construction.
  • the elements of the displacement support 3 consist of several layers of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials.
  • FIG. 15 shows a section of a spar 4 of a displacement support 3, which is guided in a slide-in chamber 12 of the main frame 2.
  • a roller bearing for guiding the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12th
  • the roller bearing comprises roller blocks 15, 16, 17, 18 mounted in roller blocks 48, wherein a roller 16 mounted in a roller block 48 in FIG FIG. 15 is shown.
  • the roller 16 is slidably mounted in the roller block 48 in the vertical direction.
  • the underside of the spar 4 of the displacement support 3 is seated on the roller 16.
  • the roller 16 is associated with a suspension consisting essentially of a spring leaf 49 which is laterally mounted in spring holders 50.
  • the spring leaf 49 is preferably made of steel and extends in the horizontal direction.
  • the spring holder 50 extend in the vertical direction and project from the bottom of the insertion chamber 12 down.
  • a cap 51 is provided, which lies close to the roller 16.
  • a flat support element 52 is provided in each case.
  • the support elements 52 are arranged opposite each other, wherein the lower support element 52 is located in the region of the roller bearing.
  • the support elements 52 serve to better guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, wherein the surfaces of the bars 4 rest on the support elements.
  • the support elements 52 are preferably made of plastic, in particular polyethylene.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Claims (54)

  1. Appareil de levage (1) pour le transport d'un conteneur, comprenant un cadre principal (2) et deux supports coulissants (3), sachant qu'un support coulissant (3) respectif est monté à coulissement dans la direction longitudinale du cadre principal (2), en s'achevant au niveau d'une extrémité longitudinale dudit cadre principal (2), des pièces de réception (7) étant prévues aux extrémités longitudinales libres des supports coulissants (3), pour assurer l'accouplement avec le conteneur, et lesdits supports coulissants (3) étant guidés dans le cadre principal (2) au moyen de systèmes de montage à rouleaux, caractérisé par le fait que les supports coulissants (3) et les pièces de réception (7) sont menés à l'aide d'au moins un entraînement électrique (10, 30) ; et par le fait que lesdits supports coulissants (3) consistent en des matériaux composites à base de fibres de carbone.
  2. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'entraînement électrique comporte deux moteurs électriques (10), chaque moteur électrique (10) menant respectivement une courroie crantée (11) en prise, sur un support coulissant (3), avec une tige (5) de transfert d'énergie.
  3. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les supports coulissants (3) sont de réalisations identiques et présentent, à chaque fois, deux longerons (4) qui s'étendent parallèlement à distance l'un de l'autre, sont guidés dans des compartiments d'escamotage (12, 12') du cadre principal (2), et entre lesquels s'étend la tige (5) de transfert d'énergie du support coulissant (3) considéré.
  4. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que les longerons (4) des supports coulissants (3) sont respectivement guidés avec décalage latéral dans le cadre principal (2), un compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') distinct étant prévu pour chaque longeron (4).
  5. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 1-4, caractérisé par le fait que les systèmes de montage à rouleaux présentent des rouleaux de roulement (15, 16, 17, 18) dont les axes de rotation s'étendent transversalement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du support coulissant (3) considéré.
  6. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les rouleaux de roulement (15, 16, 17, 18) consistent en du polypropylène ou en une mousse de matière plastique dure.
  7. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que les rouleaux de roulement (15, 16, 17, 18) sont montés élastiquement.
  8. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 5-7, caractérisé par le fait que deux rouleaux de roulement (15, 16), agencés en vis-à-vis sur chaque longeron (4), sont prévus sur la face postérieure dudit longeron (4) de chaque support coulissant (3) qui est située dans le cadre principal (2), le premier rouleau de roulement (15) faisant saillie au-delà de la face supérieure du longeron (4), et le deuxième rouleau de roulement (16) faisant saillie au-delà de la face inférieure dudit longeron (4), de telle sorte qu'ils soient appliqués contre les parois intérieures du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') considéré.
  9. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que les premiers et deuxièmes rouleaux de roulement (15, 16) reposent respectivement sur un chevalet (20) à rouleaux, ledit chevalet (20) à rouleaux étant monté sur un ressort (22).
  10. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 5-9, caractérisé par le fait qu'un troisième rouleau de roulement (17) monté sur la face inférieure du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') considéré, et assurant le guidage de la face inférieure du longeron (4) considéré, est prévu à chaque sortie de chaque compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') au niveau de laquelle s'achève le longeron (4) d'un support coulissant (3).
  11. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 8-10, caractérisé par le fait que les premiers, deuxièmes et troisièmes rouleaux de roulement (15, 16, 17) s'étendent respectivement sur la largeur intégrale d'un longeron (4).
  12. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé par le fait que les troisièmes rouleaux de roulement (17) sont respectivement montés sur un amortisseur élastique (24).
  13. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que l'amortisseur élastique (24) consiste en du Vulkollan.
  14. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 10-13, caractérisé par le fait qu'une plaquette d'amortissement (19, 19'), affectée à chaque troisième rouleau de roulement (17), est disposée à la face supérieure du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') considéré, en vis-à-vis dudit rouleau, en vue de guider le longeron (4) considéré.
  15. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 5-14, caractérisé par le fait que des rouleaux de roulement (18) supplémentaires font saillie au-delà des faces intérieures des parois latérales de chaque compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12'), en vue du guidage latéral du longeron (4) considéré.
  16. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 1-15, caractérisé par le fait qu'un support frontal (6) est respectivement rapporté par collage, sur les extrémités longitudinales libres des supports coulissants (3), en vue du montage des pièces de réception.
  17. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 16, caractérisé par le fait que des couches de Vulkollan (25, 27), matérialisant des agents adhésifs, sont prévues entre un support coulissant (3) et le support frontal (6) respectif.
  18. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une couche de Vulkollan (27), matérialisant un amortisseur, est interposée entre la face inférieure du support coulissant (3) considéré, et un gradin (26) du support frontal (6).
  19. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 16-18, caractérisé par le fait que des tenons de verrouillage (7) à entraînement électrique sont prévus, en tant que pièces de réception, aux extrémités libres d'un support frontal (6) qui font latéralement saillie au-delà d'un support coulissant (3).
  20. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 19, caractérisé par le fait que les tenons de verrouillage (7) sont entraînés par des moteurs électriques (30).
  21. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 16-20, caractérisé par le fait que des cornières rentrantes pivotantes (9) à entraînement électrique sont prévues, en tant que pièces de réception dédiées au positionnement sur un conteneur, aux extrémités libres d'un support frontal (6) qui font latéralement saillie au-delà d'un support coulissant (3).
  22. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 21, caractérisé par le fait que des engrenages planétaires (36) sont prévus pour l'exécution des mouvements pivotants des cornières rentrantes (9).
  23. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 22, caractérisé par le fait que des aimants tournants sont prévus pour l'exécution des mouvements pivotants des cornières rentrantes (9).
  24. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un entraînement linéaire (37) est prévu pour mener chaque support coulissant (3).
  25. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 24, caractérisé par le fait que chaque longeron (4) des supports coulissants (3) est mené par l'intermédiaire d'un entraînement linéaire (37) distinct.
  26. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 25, caractérisé par le fait que chaque entraînement linéaire (37) comprend une partie primaire (38) occupant une position fixe sur le compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') affecté au longeron (4), et une partie secondaire (39) réalisée sous la forme d'un rail métallique s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du longeron (4) considéré.
  27. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 26, caractérisé par le fait que chaque partie secondaire (39) s'étend sur toute la longueur d'un support coulissant (3).
  28. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 26 ou 27, caractérisé par le fait que les surfaces, en vis-à-vis mutuel, de la partie primaire (38) et de la partie secondaire (39) sont maintenues à distance mutuelle constante par l'intermédiaire de cales (43) d'espacement des rouleaux.
  29. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que les cales (43) d'espacement des rouleaux font partie intégrante des systèmes de montage à rouleaux.
  30. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 24-29, caractérisé par le fait qu'un dispositif d'arrêt est prévu pour la consignation à demeure d'un support coulissant (3) dans une position préétablie prise par coulissement.
  31. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 30, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif d'arrêt est constitué d'un frein (40) agissant sur la tige (5) de transfert d'énergie du support coulissant (3) considéré.
  32. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 31, caractérisé par le fait que le frein (40) se présente comme un frein à mâchoires.
  33. Appareil de levage selon les revendications 24-32, caractérisé par le fait que chaque longeron (4) d'un support coulissant (3) offre une section transversale rectangulaire dont la superficie est adaptée à la superficie de section transversale de la cavité du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') associé; et par le fait que la partie primaire (38) d'un entraînement linéaire (37) est insérée dans un évidement (42) pratiqué dans une paroi latérale d'un compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12'), de manière que ladite partie primaire (38) se trouve en vis-à-vis de la partie secondaire (39) dudit entraînement linéaire (37) qui est disposée sur une paroi latérale dudit longeron (4).
  34. Appareil de levage selon les revendications 24-32, caractérisé par le fait que chaque longeron (4) possède une section transversale configurée en H, et se compose d'un élément de support (4a) et de deux éléments de guidage (4b), sachant que les parois latérales de l'élément de support (4a), s'étendant dans des plans verticaux, se trouvent à distance des parois latérales du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') associé qui s'étendent parallèlement auxdites parois latérales, et sachant qu'un élément respectif de guidage (4b) repose sur la face supérieure et sur la face inférieure dudit élément de support (4a), de telle sorte qu'ils fassent saillie au-delà des parois latérales dudit élément de support (4a), et portent intimement contre les faces intérieures dudit compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12').
  35. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 34, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de support (4a) et les éléments de guidage (4b) d'un longeron (4) sont respectivement pourvus d'une section transversale rectangulaire.
  36. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 34 ou 35, caractérisé par le fait que les largeurs des éléments de guidage (4b) sont adaptées à la largeur du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12').
  37. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 34-36, caractérisé par le fait que la partie primaire (38) du moteur électrique (30) se trouve à la face intérieure de la paroi latérale du compartiment d'escamotage (12, 12') ; et par le fait que la partie secondaire (38) se trouve sur une paroi latérale de l'élément de support (4a), en s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale de celui-ci.
  38. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les entraînements électriques sont réalisés sous la forme de moteurs (44) à barillets ; et par le fait que chaque support coulissant (3) comporte une tige (5) de transfert d'énergie coincée fermement entre deux barillets (45) de deux moteurs (44) à barillets, ladite tige (5) de transfert d'énergie pouvant être animée de coulissements suite à une rotation desdits barillets (45).
  39. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 38, caractérisé par le fait que la tige (5) de transfert d'énergié présente des faces supérieure et inférieure planes, sur lesquelles peut respectivement rouler le barillet (45) d'un moteur (44) à barillet.
  40. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 38 ou 39, caractérisé par le fait qu'un revêtement de frottement est déposé sur la surface de l'enveloppe des barillets (45) des moteurs (44) à barillets.
  41. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 40, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement de frottement est constitué d'un matériau de type caoutchouc exempt d'usure, ou d'un matériau du type matière plastique venue de coulée et renfermant des fibres de verre.
  42. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 39-41, caractérisé par le fait qu'un revêtement de frottement est déposé sur les faces supérieure et inférieure de chaque tige (5) de transfert d'énergie.
  43. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 38-42, caractérisé par le fait que les barillets (45) des moteurs (44) à barillets sont poussés, au moyen de systèmes de contrainte élastique, contre la tige (5) de transfert d'énergie.
  44. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 38-43, caractérisé par le fait que les parois des supports coulissants (3) sont réalisées, au moins par zones, sous la forme d'une structure en treillis.
  45. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 44, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins des éléments d'un support coulissant (3) consistent en des matériaux à base de fibres de verre.
  46. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 44-45, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins des éléments d'un support coulissant (3) sont réalisés sous la forme d'éléments hybrides à structure de type sandwich, constitués par des couches de matériaux à base de fibres de verre et de matériaux composites à base de fibres de carbone.
  47. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 44-46, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments du support coulissant (3), qui sont soumis à une contrainte de traction, consistent en des matériaux à base de fibres de verre, et des éléments dudit support coulissant (3), qui sont soumis à une contrainte de pression, consistent en des matériaux composites à base de fibres de carbone.
  48. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 38-47, caractérisé par le fait que des chevalets (48) à rouleaux, dans lesquels les rouleaux des systèmes de montage à rouleaux sont logés à coulissement, sont prévus sur le cadre principal (2).
  49. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 48, caractérisé par la présence, sur les chevalets (48) à rouleaux, de lames de ressort (49) qui matérialisent des suspensions élastiques et contre lesquelles les rouleaux des systèmes de montage à rouleaux sont pressés, par un support coulissant (3), lors de l'imposition d'une charge.
  50. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 49, caractérisé par le fait que chaque lame de ressort (49) est montée entre deux arrêts (50) de ressort.
  51. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 49 ou 50, caractérisé par le fait que les supports coulissants (3) présentent des longerons (4) guidés dans des compartiments d'escamotage (12, 12'), les lames de ressort (49) étant placées sur les faces inférieures desdits compartiments d'escamotage (12, 12').
  52. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 51, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments aplatis (52) de venue en contact sont prévus, sur les parois intérieures des compartiments d'escamotage (12, 12'), en vue de guider les longerons (4) des supports coulissants (3).
  53. Appareil de levage selon la revendication 52, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments (52) de venue en contact sont agencés, par paires, sur des faces intérieures des compartiments d'escamotage (12, 12') qui sont situées en vis-à-vis.
  54. Appareil de levage selon l'une des revendications 52 ou 53, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments (52) de venue en contact consistent en une matière plastique.
EP01984886A 2001-01-18 2001-12-22 Appareil de levage Expired - Lifetime EP1351877B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10101986 2001-01-18
DE10101986A DE10101986B4 (de) 2001-04-20 2001-01-18 Hebegerät
DE2001119273 DE10119273B4 (de) 2001-01-18 2001-04-20 Hebegerät
DE10119273 2001-04-20
DE2001140449 DE10140449B4 (de) 2001-01-18 2001-08-17 Hebegerät
DE10140449 2001-08-17
PCT/EP2001/015297 WO2002057175A1 (fr) 2001-01-18 2001-12-22 Appareil de levage

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EP1351877A1 EP1351877A1 (fr) 2003-10-15
EP1351877B1 true EP1351877B1 (fr) 2008-10-08

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US (1) US20030168871A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1351877B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2398037A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002057175A1 (fr)

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CN2811252Y (zh) 2005-04-06 2006-08-30 上海振华港口机械（集团）股份有限公司 双40英尺岸边集装箱起重机双起升机构
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US20030168871A1 (en) 2003-09-11
WO2002057175A1 (fr) 2002-07-25
EP1351877A1 (fr) 2003-10-15
CA2398037A1 (fr) 2002-07-25

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