EP1340834B1 - Zylinderlaufflächenschicht für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents

Zylinderlaufflächenschicht für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1340834B1
EP1340834B1 EP03405004A EP03405004A EP1340834B1 EP 1340834 B1 EP1340834 B1 EP 1340834B1 EP 03405004 A EP03405004 A EP 03405004A EP 03405004 A EP03405004 A EP 03405004A EP 1340834 B1 EP1340834 B1 EP 1340834B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
weight
running surface
cylinder running
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03405004A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1340834A2 (de
EP1340834A3 (de
Inventor
Gérard BARBEZAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Metco AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer Metco AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Metco AG filed Critical Sulzer Metco AG
Publication of EP1340834A2 publication Critical patent/EP1340834A2/de
Publication of EP1340834A3 publication Critical patent/EP1340834A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1340834B1 publication Critical patent/EP1340834B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
    • C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder surface layer for reciprocating engines according to claim 1 and a method for producing the same according to claim 11.
  • the objective may be to extend the oil change intervals to 100,000 km without having to replenish oil in between.
  • the surface condition (topography) of the cylinder tread layer has a decisive influence on the oil consumption.
  • today's cylinder surface layers usually have an unspecified porosity, or at least they are provided with individual pores, which are relatively large and adversely affect the oil consumption.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved cylinder tread layer for reciprocating engines, which offers favorable conditions for low oil consumption and at the same time has good tribological properties.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing such tiger cylinder tread layers.
  • the center arithmetic roughness R a mentioned in the claims is also referred to as center roughness value or CLA (Center Line Average) for short. It is defined as the height of a rectangle whose length corresponds to the length of a given measuring section and whose area is equal to the area between the profile center line and the surface profile, while the average roughness depth R z is defined as the average of the single roughness depths of five consecutive individual measuring sections (see : Encyclopedia of Natural Science and Technology, Volume 3, Verlag Moderne Industrie, Landsberg a. Lech, Germany 1980, ISBN 3-478-41820-X, pages 3063-3065 ).
  • CLA Center Line Average
  • the measures according to the invention ensure that sufficient pores are present for receiving the oil to form an oil film between the piston or piston rings and the cylinder wall and thus to maintain the good tribological properties.
  • the absolute oil consumption due to the very small pores (cavities) can be kept low.
  • the layer according to the invention thus has a porous basic structure in which the size of the individual pores is within a defined range. Mechanical post-processing opens the pores on the surface.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that an important mutual technical relationship exists between the arithmetic mean roughness R a and the behavior of the layers.
  • Fig. 1 the arithmetic mean roughness R a is plotted in the abscissa (x-axis), in the ordinate - qualitative, not quantitative - the power level L of the layers.
  • the power level L is the integral of friction coefficient, oil consumption and wear resistance. If the arithmetic mean roughness R a is too low , there is the risk of adhesive wear, the so-called "scuffing" (area A in FIG Fig. 1 ). If the arithmetic mean roughness R a is too high, the oil consumption increases unacceptably (area B in Fig. 1 ).
  • the desired improvement can be achieved by the combination of the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the cylinder tread layer 1 applied by means of a plasma spraying device is provided with a multiplicity of open pores 2, 3, 4.
  • the pores have a size between about 2 and 30 microns, with the majority being between about 5 and 20 microns in size.
  • the porosity grade of the layer i. the proportion of pores in the total layer volume is between 1 and 5%.
  • the areal proportion of the pores 2, 3, 4 moves on the entire surface of the cylinder surface layer 1 between said 1 and 5%.
  • the cylinder surface layer 1 is constructed so that virtually exclusively pores 2, 3, 4 occur with a dimension ⁇ 100 microns.
  • the cylinder tread layer 1 has a bound oxygen content of 0.5 to 8% by weight, the bound oxygen with iron forming FeO and Fe 3 O 4 crystals which act as solid lubricants.
  • the content of Fe 2 O 3 is less than 0.2% by weight.
  • the amount of oxides formed can be further influenced by enriching or reducing the air flowing through the cylinder bore to be coated during the coating process with nitrogen or oxygen.
  • the proportion of oxygen bound in the cylinder tread layer 1 can also be influenced by the speed of the air flowing through the cylinder bore to be coated during the coating process. Replacing the air with pure oxygen reduces the bound level of oxygen in the layer by a factor of about two.
  • the cylinder tread layer 1 In order to achieve good machinability of the cylinder tread layer 1 by forming MnS compounds, it preferably contains between 1.2 and 3.5% by weight of manganese and 0.05 to 0.4% by weight of sulfur.
  • the pores 2, 3, 4 are both stochastically distributed in terms of area as well as in terms of size in the layer.
  • a rotating plasma spraying device is used, so that the engine block to be coated can rest during the coating process.
  • the cylinder tread layer 1 is mechanically finished, in particular by honing, preferably diamond honing, until the roughness of the cylinder tread layer 1 has an arithmetic mean roughness R a of 0.02 to 0.4 ⁇ m and an average roughness R z of 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m, preferably set to an arithmetic mean roughness R a of 0.05 to 0.2 ⁇ m and an average roughness R z of 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the proportion of the pores 2, 3, 4 on the total layer volume (porosity degree), as well as the size (dimension) of the pores 2, 3, 4 can be influenced in a targeted manner by changing the coating parameters and the particle size of the coating powder.
  • the enthalpy of the plasma plays a decisive role, which is mainly determined by the hydrogen content in the plasma gas and the plasma flow.
  • the cylinder tread layer 1 is produced by plasma spraying a gas or water atomized coating powder having a particle size between 5 and 100 .mu.m, preferably from 10 and 50 .mu.m, wherein the spray distance, d.i. the distance between the powder injector of the plasma spray gun and the surface to be coated is 20 to 50 mm.
  • the plasma gas used is expediently argon in a proportion of 0.5 to 5 NLPM (normal liters per minute) of hydrogen.
  • the plasma current is suitably between 100 and 500 amperes, preferably between 260 and 360 amps, at a voltage of between 35 and 45 volts.
  • Such a cylinder surface layer 1 is particularly suitable for application to substrates of Al-cast alloys, Al-wrought alloys, lamellar graphite cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron or magnesium casting alloys.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP03405004A 2002-02-27 2003-01-07 Zylinderlaufflächenschicht für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1340834B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00346/02A CH695339A5 (de) 2002-02-27 2002-02-27 Zylinderlaufflächenschicht für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.
CH3462002 2002-02-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1340834A2 EP1340834A2 (de) 2003-09-03
EP1340834A3 EP1340834A3 (de) 2004-03-31
EP1340834B1 true EP1340834B1 (de) 2009-04-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03405004A Expired - Lifetime EP1340834B1 (de) 2002-02-27 2003-01-07 Zylinderlaufflächenschicht für Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6701882B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1340834B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP2003253418A (ko)
KR (1) KR100593341B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN100338253C (ko)
AT (1) ATE429524T1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2416692C (ko)
CH (1) CH695339A5 (ko)
DE (1) DE50311438D1 (ko)

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WO2013060552A1 (de) 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Plasmaspritzverfahren
DE102014008922A1 (de) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Verfahren zum Behandeln einer Oberfläche

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013060552A1 (de) 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Plasmaspritzverfahren
DE102011085324A1 (de) 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Plasmaspritzverfahren
DE102014008922A1 (de) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Verfahren zum Behandeln einer Oberfläche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1441078A (zh) 2003-09-10
US6701882B2 (en) 2004-03-09
CN100338253C (zh) 2007-09-19
DE50311438D1 (de) 2009-06-04
CH695339A5 (de) 2006-04-13
CA2416692A1 (en) 2003-08-27
EP1340834A2 (de) 2003-09-03
CA2416692C (en) 2006-05-02
JP2003253418A (ja) 2003-09-10
EP1340834A3 (de) 2004-03-31
KR20030071507A (ko) 2003-09-03
ATE429524T1 (de) 2009-05-15
US20030164150A1 (en) 2003-09-04
KR100593341B1 (ko) 2006-06-26

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