EP1335936A2 - Hyphenspezifische faktoren aus candida albicans - Google Patents
Hyphenspezifische faktoren aus candida albicansInfo
- Publication number
- EP1335936A2 EP1335936A2 EP01949334A EP01949334A EP1335936A2 EP 1335936 A2 EP1335936 A2 EP 1335936A2 EP 01949334 A EP01949334 A EP 01949334A EP 01949334 A EP01949334 A EP 01949334A EP 1335936 A2 EP1335936 A2 EP 1335936A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- nucleotide
- antibody
- proteins
- candida
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/788—Of specified organic or carbon-based composition
- Y10S977/789—Of specified organic or carbon-based composition in array format
- Y10S977/79—Of specified organic or carbon-based composition in array format with heterogeneous nanostructures
- Y10S977/791—Molecular array
- Y10S977/792—Nucleic acid array, e.g. human genome array
Definitions
- the present invention relates to biochips, in particular nucleotide chips which contain nucleotide sequences coding for hyphen-specific proteins, protein chips which contain hyphen-specific proteins and antibody chips which contain antibodies directed against these hyphen-specific proteins, diagnostic compositions which contain these nucleotide, protein - or contain antibody chips, methods for finding and identifying substances which are therapeutically effective against diseases caused by Candida species, and methods for diagnosing a disease caused by Candida.
- sprouting mushrooms or yeasts also include asporogenic yeasts, such as yeasts of the genus Candida. Some members of the Candida genus are able to form mycelial clusters, others only multiply by sprouting.
- Candida albicans is the most commonly isolated human pathogenic fungus.
- Candida albicans often causes opportunistic infections, i.e. infections caused by normally relatively unproblematic germs in immunosuppressed patients. Such infections take a severe course in these patients and shorten them Survival, for example HIV-infected people or cancer patients treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, is crucial.
- Such microscopic native preparations only allow the detection of polymorphic fungal cells (hyphae, pseudo-hyphae and blastospores) and spores, but without the exact species being able to be determined and suitable therapeutic measures being able to be initiated. In addition to microscopic detection, it is therefore essential to create cultures for exact species identification.
- a further diagnostic option which has not yet had the hoped-for value, is the detection of Candida antigen in the patient's serum.
- a high titer speaks for a systemic Candida infection, but is not proof, whereas a negative result cannot rule out a systemic infection.
- the technical problem on which the present invention is based is therefore to provide means and methods for the diagnosis of infections caused by Candida albicans and for the development of substances which are therapeutically active against diseases caused by Candida.
- the invention solves the technical problem on which it is based by providing biochips, in particular a nucleotide chip, comprising a fixed support and at least one nucleotide sequence fixed thereon, which code for the identification and transcription of a gene coding for a hypha-specific protein from Candida, in particular Candida albicans , is suitable, whereby this leotide sequence is selected from the group consisting of:
- a biochip is understood to mean a device which comprises a large number of biological substances, for example nucleotide sequences, proteins or antibodies, in immobilized or fixed form and with the aid of which a small one by means of hybridization and / or binding methods Amount of ligand that can bind to the biological substance under appropriate conditions can be detected in a small sample.
- a nucleotide chip is understood to mean a device which contains a large number of different nucleic acids or nucleotide sequences such as DNA or RNA in immobilized form and with the aid of which a small amount of a complementary nucleic acid in a small sample sample is used by means of nucleic acid hybridization. liquid or by means of DNA / protein binding assays detected a small amount of binding to nucleic acids, protein ⁇ the can.
- the nucleotide chips according to the invention contain nucleotide sequences which are fixed to a solid support and which exclusively encode proteins expressed in the hyphal growing form of Candida albicans or which exclusively regulate the expression of hyphen-specific proteins. This means that the nucleotide sequences contained on the nucleotide chips according to the invention are not expressed during the yeast-like growth of Candida.
- the nucleotide sequences described according to the invention and the proteins encoded thereby have no significant homologies, for example with proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a related, non-pathogenic, non-hyphal growing fungus.
- hyphae filamentous growth, ie the formation of hyphae, is an important prerequisite for the development of the virulence properties of Candida (Mitchell, 1998, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 1, 687-692).
- Candida albicans forms that do not develop hyphae are avirulent in the model system (Mus musculus) (Lo et al., 1997, Cell 90, 939 to 949).
- a hyphen-specific protein is therefore understood to mean a protein and / or peptide which is expressed exclusively in species of the Candida genus and is preferably of importance for the virulence of Candida, in particular Candida albicans.
- the nucleotide sequences specifically used in the pathogenic form of Candida albicans and the proteins encoded by them are therefore excellent diagnostic aids for the detection of local or systemic candidiasis, in particular for the detection of local or systemic Candida albicans infections.
- nucleotide sequences and proteins used according to the invention prove to be particularly valuable for the development of medicaments for combating candidiasis.
- the nucleotide sequences and proteins according to the invention can be used as targets for the identification of substances specifically acting on them.
- substance libraries can be examined for the interaction of the substances present in them with proteins according to the invention or nucleotide sequences according to the invention.
- the invention therefore relates to a aforementioned nucleotide chip which contains a nucleotide sequence u which is a protein-coding nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 13, 15 and 17.
- These nucleotide sequences encode the ammosaur sequences shown in SEQ ID Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 and 18. These sequences are particularly helpful in the Diagnosis of diseases caused by Candida species by enabling the targeted detection of the presence of Candida in surface swabs or organ biopsies.
- nucleotide sequences according to the invention contained on such a nucleotide chip can be hybridized under stringent conditions with labeled DNA samples, which have been isolated from sources such as skin smears, biosie samples or specially designed fungal cultures or amplified by means of PCR methods. Since the nucleotide sequences according to the invention have no significant homologies with nucleotide sequences of related fungi, the detection of hybridization therefore allows the detection of Candida in a sample infected with fungi. However, the nucleotide sequences used according to the invention not only enable the simple detection of Candida, but also the detection that Candida grows in hyphal form and accordingly has virulent properties.
- targeted mRNA can be isolated from skin smears or biopsy samples and / or amplified by means of the PCR method. After labeling with suitable labeling agents, the mRNA thus obtained is hybridized with the nucleotide chip containing the nucleotide sequences according to the invention. Since the nucleotide sequences according to the invention are transcribed and expressed exclusively during the hyphal growth of Candida, but not during the yeast-like growth, the detection of hybridization using isolated mRNA allows the detection that Candida the transition is in the hyphal and thus virulent growth phase.
- the invention relates to the aforementioned nucleotide chip in another preferred embodiment, the nucleotide sequences containing the regula ⁇ innovative elements of hyphenspezifische Candida genes encoding proteins represent te so elemene ⁇ , particularly the transcription of functionally associated with such regulatory elements protein coding regions enable, for example, promoters, transcription termination signals, silencers, enhancers etc.
- These particularly preferred nucleotide sequences can in particular be promoters, particularly preferably the promoter shown in SEQ ID No. 12.
- the regulatory elements according to the invention in particular promoters, particularly preferably the promoter shown in SEQ ID No.
- nucleotide chips which contain regulatory elements of hyphen-specifically expressed protein-coding nucleotide sequences can be used to identify substances of any kind which inhibit the interaction between the regulatory elements and the proteins which bind to them. So using such nucleotide chips it is possible Lich to identify substances that inhibit the expression hyphenspezifischer proteins and therefore potentially as specifically acting drugs ge ⁇ Candida infections can be used gen.
- the invention relates to the aforementioned nucleotide chip, which has DNA, RNA or PNA sequences as the nucleotide sequence.
- PNA peptide nucleic acid or polyamide nucleic acid
- PNA sequences are molecules that are not negatively charged and act in the same way as DNA (Nielsen et al., 1991, Science, 254, 1497-1500; Nielsen et al ., 1997, Biochemistry, 36, 5072-5077; Weiler et al., 1997, Nuc. Acids Res., 25, 2792-2799).
- PNA sequences comprise a polyamide backbone of N- (2-ammoethyl) glycm units and have no glucose units and no phosphate groups.
- the nucleic acid molecules according to the invention which can be fixed to a support, can be isolated from natural sources, preferably from Candida albicans.
- the nucleic acid molecules can be isolated and amplified by means of the PCR method, double-stranded molecules being obtained.
- the nucleic acid molecules according to the invention can, however, also be synthesized in vitro by known methods, single-stranded oligonucleotides or peptide oligonucleotides being obtained. By selecting suitable primers, desired regions of the nucleic acids according to the invention, that is to say both individual regions and the entire reading frame of the gene, can be amplified and isolated.
- oligonucleotides with ammo modifications or biotm groups can be produced which can covalently bind to chemically reactive groups (epoxies) or streptavidm groups or derivatives thereof contained on the surface of the support material.
- nucleic acids are provided with nucleoside derivatives containing photolabile protective groups.
- nucleotide sequences which are generated by fusing the nucleotide sequences according to the invention with genes or components of genes from other sources can also be used for the nucleotide chip.
- shortened nucleotide sequences of the aforementioned type can also be used, provided that these have the specified hyphality.
- truncated nucleotide sequences have a length of at least 15 base pairs.
- nucleotide chip also includes nucleotide sequences of the aforementioned type which hybridize with the aforementioned nucleotide sequences according to the invention.
- hybridization means hybridization under conventional hybridization conditions, as described in Sambrook et al. (Molecular clonmg. A laboratory manual. Cold spring harbor laboratory press, 2nd edition 1989), preferably under strict conditions. According to the present invention, one speaks of a hybridization if, after washing for 1 hour with 1 x SSC and 0.1% SDS at 55 ° C., preferably at 62 ° C.
- nucleotide sequence which hybridizes with one of the nucleotide sequences specified in the sequence listing under such washing conditions can be used for the nucleotide chip according to the invention by immobilization on the solid support.
- the identification and isolation of hybridizing nucleotide sequences can be carried out, for example, using a nucleotide chip according to the invention which contains the aforementioned nucleotide sequences or parts of these molecules or of the complementary strand.
- the I- dentlock and isolation hybridizing Nuc ⁇ leotidsequenzen inserted nucleotide chip may for example contain nucleotide sequences exactly have substantially the, or the nucleotide sequences or portions shown in SEQ ID Nos. 1 to 4, 12, 13, 15 or 17 of these sequences or complementary strands.
- nucleotide chip can also contain synthetic fragments which are produced with the aid of conventional synthesis techniques and whose sequence essentially corresponds to that of a nucleotide sequence according to the invention.
- nucleotide sequences can be isolated from clinical Candida isolates and made available for the nucleotide chip according to the invention which contain deviations or mutations from the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID Nos. 1 to 4, 9 to 13, 15 or 17.
- the molecules hybridizing with the nucleotide sequences according to the invention also include fragments, derivatives, functional equivalents and / or allelic variants of the nucleotide sequences described above, which encode a protein according to the invention or ensure its hyphen-specific expression.
- “Fragments” are understood to mean parts of the nucleotide sequences that are long enough to encode the hyphen-specifically expressed protein or to ensure the hyph specificity.
- the term “derivative”, “functional equivalent” or “mutant modification” means in connection with the present invention that the sequences of these molecules differ from the sequences of the nucleotide sequences described above at one or more positions, but have a high degree of homology to these sequences at the nucleotide level.
- Homology means a sequence identity of at least 40%, in particular an identity of at least 60%, preferably over 80%, and particularly preferably over 90%, 95%, 97% or 99% at the nucleic acid level.
- the nucleotide chips according to the invention comprise nucleotide sequences fixed or immobilized on a solid support.
- the term “solid support” means an insoluble matrix.
- the solid support consists of a hydrophobic or weakly hydrophilic material, such as transparent glass, silicon dioxide, metal oxides, polymers and copolymers of dextrans or amides, For example, acrylamide derivatives, cellulose, nylon, or polymeric materials, such as polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate, polystyrene or polymethyl methacrylate or a polycarbonate of bisphenol A.
- the carrier material is preferably coated with a surface activating agent such as poly before fixing the nucleotide sequences -L-Lysm, Polyethylenimm or Polyalkylamm pretreated to improve the fixation of the nucleotide sequences on the carrier material
- a surface activating agent such as poly before fixing the nucleotide sequences -L-Lysm, Polyethylenimm or Polyalkylamm pretreated to improve the fixation of the nucleotide sequences on the carrier material
- glass is used as a carrier with a silane coupling agent, which is an ammo group, an aldehyde group or an epoxy Group, pretreated for the
- the nucleotide chip according to the invention can also be used for the commercially available, already coated carrier types such as Poly-L-Lysm (Sigma Diagnostics), super-aldehydes (Teleche), su- per-Amme (Telechem), Silane Prep (Sigma), CMT GAPS (Corning
- Suitable carriers are those which are used for photolithographically produced nucleotide chips, for example those described in Lipshutz et al. (Lipshutz, Fodor, Gingeras and Lockhart, 1999, Nat. Genet., 21, 20-24).
- carriers with coatings of poly-L-Lysm such as DeRisi et al. (DeRisi, JL, Iyer, VR and Brown, P.
- poly-prep slides for example poly-prep slides (Sigma Diagnostics), or ammosilanes, such as silane-prep slides (Sigma), CMT GAPS Slides (Coming) and Super Amme (Telechem), or membranes such as CAST Slides or FAST Slides (Schleicher & Schull) are used.
- ammosilanes such as silane-prep slides (Sigma), CMT GAPS Slides (Coming) and Super Amme (Telechem), or membranes such as CAST Slides or FAST Slides (Schleicher & Schull) are used.
- epoxy-modified surfaces such as ArrayLmk Biochip (GeneScan Europe) or Epoxysilane Slides (Quantifoil) are particularly preferred.
- the nucleotide sequences can be bound and fixed to the carrier substrate by chemical or photochemical reactions or by electrostatic interactions.
- the immobilization or fixation of the nucleic acids on the carrier surfaces used takes place via an electrostatic bond or a covalent bond.
- the Nuclemsauren can be covalently bound and fixed to suitable functional groups on the surface of the carrier material (Lamture et al., 1994, Nucl. Acids Res., 22, 2121-2125; Guo et al. , 1994, Nucl. Acids Res., 22, 5456-5465).
- the nucleic acids can also be covalently bound to the surface-active carrier via spacers or a crosslinking agent, for example a bifunctional crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinking agent for example a bifunctional crosslinking agent.
- the nucleotide sequences are bound to the support in the case of polylys, aminosilane and membrane-coated nucleotide chips by means of UV crosslinking and in the case of epoxy-modified chips by means of a chemical reaction.
- the binding of the nucleic acids to the carrier can of course also take place via photochemical reactions.
- the photolabile protective groups are specifically cleaved off by means of photolysis following the immobilization.
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention therefore relates to processes for the production of nucleotide chips according to claim 1, comprising the isolation and / or amplification of at least one nucleotide sequence which encodes a hyphen-specifically expressed protein from Candida and / or comprises regulatory elements of this nucleotide sequence, or which chemical synthesis of this nucleotide sequence, the modification of the nucleotide sequence during or after the synthesis or Pen amplification by the incorporation of functional Grup ⁇ or spacer E units, applying a solution of the isolated or wass ⁇ gen synthesizing ⁇ th nucleotide to solid support material em and the immobilization of the nucleotide sequence at the transmitter by means of chemical or photochemical reaction or electrostatic interaction.
- Another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to protein chips, comprising a fixed carrier and at least one hyphen-specific protein fixed thereon, selected from the group consisting of:
- a protein chip is understood to mean a device which contains a large number of different proteins or peptides in immobilized form and with the aid of which a small amount of a ligand, for example a protein or an antibody, which is attached to at least em protein or peptide fixed on the support covalently or non-covalently can bind in a small sample liquid.
- a ligand for example a protein or an antibody
- the protein chips according to the invention contain proteins fixed to a solid support, which are expressed exclusively in the hyphal growing form of Candida albicans, or parts thereof.
- the protein chips according to the invention can therefore be used, for example, for the detection of antibodies which have been formed in the body of an organism, in particular a nipple, as a result of an immunization by antigen determinants of hyphal growing forms of candida, in particular hyphen-specific candida proteins .
- the binding of at least one antibody from blood, lymph, body secretions or other body fluids of an organism to the protein chip according to the invention thus enables the detection of a systemic Candida infection in this organism which has led to the formation of the bound antibody.
- the protein chips according to the invention can also be used, for example, to identify and isolate proteins from candida-infected materials that interact in vivo with the proteins contained on the protein chip. After identification and isolation of such merging proteins, the protein chips according to the invention can also be used to identify substances of any kind which can inhibit or require the interaction between the proteins according to the invention and thus merging proteins. Using the protein chips according to the invention, substances that can potentially be detected are suitable as medicaments for combating Candida infections, in particular for inhibiting the transition from yeast-like growth to hyphal growth of Candida.
- the protem chip according to the invention in addition to the hyphen-specific proteins with the m SEQ ID No. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 and 18 also includes derivatives, may include functional equivalents or variants of these proteins.
- derivatives, functional equivalents and variants are understood to mean in particular those derivatives of the proteins with the ammosaur sequences given in SEQ ID Nos. 5 to 8, 14, 16 and 18 which maintain the basic structure of these proteins by substitution obtained from atoms or groups of molecules and whose ammosaic sequences differ from the ammosaurus sequences given in m SEQ ID Nos.
- the term "homology” denotes the degree of kinship between two polypeptides, which is determined by the extent of the match between these polypeptides.
- a match can mean both an identical match, ie sequence identity, and a conservative ammosaur exchange Derivatives, variants or functional equivalents used a sequence identity to one each m SEQ ID No. 5 to 8, 14, 16 and 18 given ammosaic sequences of at least 80%, preferably 85% and particularly preferably of over 90%, 95%, 97% and 99% at the ammosaic level. The deviations from the ammosaur sequences shown in m SEQ ID No.
- 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 or 18 can arise, for example, from deletions, substitutions, insertions, additions, additions, exchanges or recombinations of the nucleotide sequences coding for the ammosaur sequences generated using technical means his. But it can also be naturally occurring variations thereby, example ⁇ as to end was a natural way ammonium acid sequence-changes.
- Derivatives or variants of the hyphen-specific proteins according to the invention can originate, for example, from clinical isolates of Candida.
- Such derivatives, functional equivalents or variants can differ from the proteins with the m SEQ ID Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 and 18 shown, for example, by a changed stability, specificity, modified temperature, pH value - and / or concentration profile, a changed activity and / or a changed effector pattern.
- Derivatives, functional equivalents or variants can also occur in other conformations or have different subunits or pre- and / or post-translational modifications. Despite the differences that may exist, the hypha-specific proteins with the m SEQ ID Nos.
- 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 and 18 have amino acid sequences and derivatives, variants or radio tional equivalents, however, certain common characteristics such as activity, molecular weight, immunological reactivity, conformation and / or physical properties, such as the running behavior in gel electrophoresis and its solubility and others.
- the protem chip according to the invention fragments of the proteins with the ammosaur sequences given in SEQ ID Nos. 5 to 8, 14, 16 and 18 or of the proteins whose ammosaur sequence has a sequence identity of at least 80% to one of the ammosaur sequences defined in SEQ ID No. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 or 18.
- fragments are understood to mean in particular those isolated regions of a protein which have fewer amino acids than the native protein, but whose length is sufficient for the isolated fragment to have at least one of the functions characteristic of the native protein, such as Can exert a binding capacity on a second protein, a specific catalytic activity etc.
- the fragment of a protein comprises a protein region which is an antigenic determinant or an epitope and is therefore particularly binding of an antibody is suitable.
- the hyphen-specific proteins according to the invention in particular the proteins with the ammosauresis shown in SEQ ID Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 and 18 sequences that are immobilized on the protein chip according to the invention can have been isolated and purified from natural sources, for example from Candida-infected tissues or specially created Candida cultures, using conventional methods known in the art.
- the proteins or fragments used can also be of synthetic origin.
- peptides, ie fragments of the proteins according to the invention can be produced synthetically with the aid of the Mer ⁇ field (1985, Angew. Chem., 97, 801) method.
- the hypha-specific proteins or peptides can be produced by means of conventional DNA recombination techniques.
- the protein-coding nucleotide sequences according to the invention can be meserted and cloned using conventional vectors suitable for molecular biology and genetic engineering.
- the protein-coding nucleotide sequences according to the invention are preferably inserted in such a way that they are under the control of regulatory elements, that is to say are operatively linked to them. These regulatory elements ensure the transcription and synthesis of translatable nuclear acid molecules in pro- and / or eukaryotic cells. Regulatory elements can be promoters, enhancers, operators, silencers and / or transcription termination signals, etc.
- a suitable culture medium under such loading ⁇ are cultured conditions that allow formation of the de-coded by the nucleotide sequence protein coding hyphenspezifischen protein or a fragment thereof.
- the protein or fragment thereof can then be isolated and purified from the host cell or the medium in which the host cell was grown using suitable methods.
- suitable micro-transkr ⁇ pt ⁇ ons / translatons systems can also be used.
- the hypha-specific proteins or fragments thereof are produced in bacterial expression systems, the proteins preferably being obtained as GST fusion proteins, HIS tag fusion proteins, pMAL fusion proteins, etc.
- nucleotide chips according to the invention for example glass, silicon dioxide, other silica materials, polymeric materials such as fluoropolymers or metal oxides, can be used as the solid support for the protein chips according to the invention.
- carrier materials are preferably pretreated before the proteins are immobilized, for example with silane coupling agents.
- those described by Joos et al. described epoxy-modified supports or membranes are used.
- the binding and immobilization of the hyphen-specific proteins or fragments on the carrier material takes place by means of a chemical or photochemical reaction or electrostatic interaction.
- the hyphen-specific proteins and fragments thereof according to the invention can be bound and immobilized on the carrier material, for example, by a large number of commonly used functional groups and / or spacers or chemical crosslinking agents, such as bifunctional crosslinking agents.
- suitable functional groups which enable proteins to bind to silanized surfaces can be found, for example, in Weetall, 1996, Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology, Vol. 15A, 161-192, JAI Press Inc.
- the protein to be immobilized is used as GST fusion protein is present, the protein can be bound to the carrier via GSH units present on the carrier surface.
- a pMAL fusion protein can be immobilized via MBP units on the surface of the carrier material.
- the immobilization can take place via Ni 2+ - Nit ⁇ lot ⁇ acetic Acid surfaces (Ni-NTA) (Adachi et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 7243- 7247).
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention therefore relates to processes for the production of protein chips, comprising the isolation of at least one hypha-specifically expressed Candida protein from a suitable source or chemical synthesis or recombinant materials. position of this protein or fragment as ⁇ of, the modification of the protein or fragment during or applying th after isolation, synthesis, or production by the incorporation of functional groups or spacer E hey, a wass ⁇ - gen solution of the isolated or synthesized protein on em solid carrier material and the immobilization of the protein on the carrier by means of chemical or photochemical reaction or electrostatic interaction.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an antibody chip, comprising a solid support and at least one antibody fixed thereon, which is specific to an protein with the one shown in SEQ ID No. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 or 18 Ammosa sequence or a fragment thereof or a derivative thereof directed
- the antibodies fixed on the antibody chip according to the invention are specifically directed against hypha-specific candida proteins
- the presence of hyphal growing candida cells in fungus-infected skin or mucous membrane smears, organ biopsies or body fluids can be detected using such a chip.
- proteins can be extracted from the above-mentioned samples and, after labeling, can be incubated with the antibody chip according to the invention. The binding of at least one labeled protein to the antibody chip according to the invention therefore indicates that hyphal growing Candida forms are present in the sample examined.
- em polypeptide is understood to be an "antibody", which are coded by em or more Immunglobulm genes co ⁇ and specific structures on an antigen, especially an antigen or Determmante em epitope recognizes and specifically it
- antibody includes not only a complete immunoglobulin, but also a number of fragments that can be obtained by cleavage with various peptidases.
- antibody also includes modified antibodies, such as oligomeric, reduced, oxidized and labeled antibodies.
- Antibody also includes antibody fragments that have been generated both by modifying intact antibodies and using DNA recombination technologies.
- antibody in particular also includes fragments such as Fab, F (ab ') 2 or Fvm that can bind to an antigen determinant.
- the Fab fragment can be generated by cleaving the intact antibody with the enzyme papam An intact light chain with part of a heavy chain is obtained.
- F (ab ') 2 can be generated by treatment of the intact antibody with pepsin without subsequent reduction.
- F (ab') 2 is an em of two Fab 'fragments of existing dimer.
- Fv is a genetically engineered antibody fragment that includes the variable region of the light chain and the variable region of the heavy chain. Methods for producing such fragments are described, for example, by Harlow and Lane m "Antibodies : A Laboratory Manual ", 1988, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York.
- antibody which is specifically directed against em protein or "antibody specific ⁇ fish binds to em protein” means that em antibody under defined immunoassay Bedmgungen recognize an antigen-Determmante or em epitope of a protein and by means of its paratope can bind to it.
- Antigen determinants usually consist of chemically active groups of molecules, such as amino acids or sugar side chains, on the surface of an antigen, for example a protein, and have a characteristic three-dimensional structure. Under defined conditions, an antibody therefore preferably only binds to a specific protein, while no appreciable binding occurs to other proteins in the same sample.
- An antibody immobilized on an antibody chip according to the invention can therefore bind to a protein, peptide, carbohydrate, proteoglycan and / or a lipid complex which has a specific relationship with the hyphen-specific protein used according to the invention.
- An antibody used according to the invention can also be directed against structures which are to be regarded as a post-translational modification of the hyphen-specific proteins.
- the antibody chip contains both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies which are able to specifically structure a structure according to the invention identify hyphen-specific protein and bind it if necessary.
- the monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies contained on the antibody chip of the present invention can be prepared and isolated using methods well known in the art.
- the methods for producing monoclonal antibodies using Hyb ⁇ dom technology are described, for example, in Schreyer et al. , "Hybridoma Techniques” (1980) or in U.S. Patents No. 4,341,761, No. 4,399,121, No. 4,472,500.
- the materials mentioned above for protein chips can be used as carrier material for immobilizing the antibodies. These carrier materials are preferably pretreated before immobilization of the antibodies, for example with silane coupling agents.
- the antibody chips described by Joos et al. described epoxy-modified supports or membranes (Joos et al., 2000, Electrophoresis, 21, 2641-2650) used.
- the antibodies directed against hyphen-specific proteins are bound to the carrier via a chemical or photochemical reaction or via electrostatic interactions.
- the inventive are bound measure antibody used, for example, using a variety of commonly used func tional ⁇ groups and / or spacer chemical Ver ⁇ cross-linking agents or, as bifunctional cross-linking agent, the carrier material and immobilized.
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention therefore relates to processes for the production of antibody chips, comprising the genetic engineering production, isolation or synthesis of at least one antibody or fragment thereof directed against a hyphen-specific Candida protein, the modification of the antibody or fragment during or after the isolation , Synthesis or production by the incorporation of functional groups or spacer units, the application of a water solution of the isolated or synthesized antibody to a solid carrier material and the immobilization of the antibody on the carrier by means of chemical or photochemical reaction or electrostatic interaction.
- a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to an antibody chip, comprising a solid support and at least one antibody fixed thereon, which is specific for an antibody against an protein with the sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16 or 18 shown amino acid sequence is directed.
- An antibody chip of this type thus comprises antibodies which are directed against the abovementioned antibodies and can specifically recognize and bind them. The use of such an antibody enables so the detection of antibodies against hyphenspezi ⁇ fish proteins of Candida in the blood, lymph, m Korpersekreten or other body fluids of an organism, and thus the detection of a Candida systemic infection m this organism, which has led to the formation of the antibody contained in the samples.
- the present invention also relates to a diagnostic composition
- a diagnostic composition comprising at least one nucleotide chip according to the invention, a protein chip according to the invention and / or an antibody chip according to the invention.
- the invention therefore also includes diagnostic kits which contain the biochips according to the invention, that is to say nucleotide chips, protein chips and antibody chips, suitable buffer systems and suitable marking systems.
- the invention relates to methods for diagnosing diseases caused by Candida species, in particular diseases caused by Candida albicans, a sample to be tested in a suitable medium with a nucleotide chip according to the invention, a protem chip according to the invention and / or an antibody chip according to the invention is brought into contact and an interaction between the sample to be tested and at least one of the bio-chips mentioned is detected.
- the methods according to the invention for the diagnosis of Candida diseases are based on the detection of the presence of nucleotide sequences, proteins, antibodies or fragments thereof, which are related to the hyphen-specific proteins according to the invention.
- Diseases, disease states or infections caused by Candida species are understood to mean those diseases which are caused exclusively by Candida species, but in particular by Candida albicans.
- the term therefore also encompasses all diseases caused by Candida -Types such as C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. guilliermondn, or Torulopsis (Candida) glabrata, etc.
- this term also includes diseases or disease states which primarily have other causes and in which the Candida species are only involved in the overall clinical picture or add additional symptoms, for example opportunistic infections.
- the term “diseases, disease states or infections caused by Candida species” includes in particular diseases such as Candida mycoses or candidiasis which are essentially m three main forms and let be divided.
- the first main form of candidiasis is characterized by saprophytic colonization of the skin and mucous membranes, especially in the external genitals, in the mouth, nose and throat and in the digestive tract.
- the second main form of candidiasis involves infections of the skin and mucous membranes and is significantly affected by factors such as pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, severe diseases or trauma, and Cytostatika- Antibio ⁇ tikatherapie and promotes alcoholism.
- the third main form comprises deep organ mycoses in patients with cellular immune LM munsupp ⁇ m elected ⁇ weak, particularly in the airways, rare as Candida endocarditis, Candida Menmgitis, Candida Neph ⁇ tis and Candida endophthalmitis.
- the presence of nucleotide sequences, proteins, antibodies or fragments thereof, which are connected with the hyphen-specific proteins according to the invention indicates a disease caused by Candida.
- the above-mentioned substances are detected by binding and / or hybridization to at least one of the biochips according to the invention, which specifically recognize the substances to be detected.
- nucleotide sequences in connection with the hyphen-specific proteins are to be detected in a sample, their detection takes place by hybridization with the nucleotide chip according to the invention.
- nuclear acids for example DNA or mRNA
- the extracted nuclear acids are then labeled, for example with fluorescent dyes, enzymes or radioactive groups. If the extracted and labeled DNA hybridizes with the nucleotide chip, this shows the presence of Candida in of the examined sample. Hybridizes extracting ⁇ te mRNA with the inventive nucleotide chip, so has the hm that the sample contains hyphally growing Candida forms.
- hypha-specific Candida proteins are to be detected in an examination sample, proteins are extracted from the sample and labeled and then incubated with the antibody chip according to the invention, which contains antibodies against hypha-specific proteins.
- the binding of at least one labeled protein to the antibody chip according to the invention indicates the presence of hyphal growing Candida cells.
- Antibodies against Candida protems in body fluids can be detected both using the protem chip according to the invention and using the antibody chip according to the invention, which contains antibodies which are directed against the antibodies against hyphen-specific proteins .
- the present invention also relates to methods for finding and identifying substances which are therapeutically effective against Candida-caused diseases, a substance to be tested in a suitable medium with a nucleotide chip according to the invention, a protein chip according to the invention or an antibody chip according to the invention brought into contact and an interaction between the substance to be tested and at least one of the chips mentioned is detected.
- the nucleotide and protein chips according to the invention as described above, can be used to add substances, for example proteins Identify which bind in vivo to nucleotide sequences which encode hyphen-specifically expressed proteins or regulate the expression of these proteins, or to which hyphen-specific proteins themselves bind.
- binding substances in particular proteins
- the biochips according to the invention can be used to identify further substances which interact with one another can influence or inhibit hypha-specific protein or the nucleotide sequence coding for it and the substance binding to it, in particular a binding protein.
- Such substances are also potentially suitable as medications for the treatment of diseases caused by Candida.
- sequence listing is part of this description and contains the sequence listing SEQ ID No. 1 to 18.
- SEQ ID No. 1 to 18 Each of the ammosaur sequences listed below was derived from the corresponding DNA sequence and then partially verified by sequencing the isolated proteins.
- SEQ ID No. 1 represents the coding Cap33a DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g4-2149.
- SEQ ID No. 2 represents the coding Cap33b DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g4-2501.
- SEQ ID No. 3 represents the coding Capl ⁇ p DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g4-2069.
- SEQ ID No. 4 represents the coding Capl9p DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g4-2069.
- SEQ ID No. 5 represents the ammosaur sequence of Cap33a.
- SEQ ID No. 6 represents the ammosaur sequence of Cap33b.
- SEQ ID No. 7 represents the ammosaur sequence of Capl ⁇ p.
- SEQ ID No. 8 represents the ammosaur sequence of Capl9p.
- SEQ ID No. 9 represents the entire DNA sequence of Cont ⁇ g4-2149.
- SEQ ID No. 10 represents the entire DNA sequence of Cont ⁇ g4-2501.
- SEQ ID No. 11 represents the entire DNA sequence of Cont ⁇ g4-2069.
- SEQ ID No. 12 represents the promoter range of Capl ⁇ p and Capl9p.
- SEQ ID No. 13 represents the Capl5p coding DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g5-3226.
- SEQ ID No. 14 represents the ammosaic sequence of Capl5p.
- Capl5p is probably a nucleoside diphosphate kmase.
- SEQ ID NO. 15 illustrates the Cap20p encoding DNA Se acid sequence from Cont ⁇ g4-2178 represents.
- SEQ ID No. 16 represents the ammosaic sequence of Cap20p.
- Cap20p is probably a glutathione peroxidase.
- SEQ ID No. 17 represents the DNA sequence from Cont ⁇ g5-2806 encoding Cap40p.
- SEQ ID No. 18 represents the ammosaic sequence of Cap40p.
- Cap40p is probably a fructose biphosphate aldolase.
- Figure 1 shows in the left part microscopic images of the virulent, hyphal Candida albicans strain Sc5315 and the avirulent, yeast-like Candida strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl). RNA was isolated from both strains and rewritten into cDNA. The labeled cDNA was with a nucleotide chip according to the invention, on which CAP33, CAP19 and CAP18 coding nucleotide sequences were fixed, hybridized. The results of this hybridization can be seen in the right part of FIG. 1.
- the cDNA from the avirulent strain did not hybridize with any of the nucleotide sequences contained on the nucleotide chip, the cDNA of the virulent strain with all three immobilized nucleotide sequences showed strong hybridization signals.
- the C. albicans strain Sc5315 is cultivated under conditions in which no hyphae are formed, the same result is obtained as for the avirulent strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl).
- Figure 2a shows microscopic images of the virulent, hyphal Candida albicans strain Sc5315 and the avirulent, yeast-like Candida strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl). Below these are shown images of differential proteome analyzes of the two strains after cultivation in ⁇ -MEM medium. From these figures it can be seen that Sc5314, when cultivated in ⁇ -MEM medium, exp ⁇ m the proteins p33a and p33b, but Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl) does not.
- Figure 2b shows the results of a Northern blot analysis using RNAs from these two strains which had previously been cultured either in YPD medium or in ⁇ -MEM medium. Also included were RNAs from the virulent strain Canl6 ( ⁇ cphl) and the strain Can33 ( ⁇ efgl), which shows no hyphae formation and has a greatly reduced virulence, both strains having been cultured in ⁇ -MEM medium before RNA extraction. Hybridization signals were obtained when hybridizing with capl ⁇ -, cap-19 and cap33-specific probes with the RNAs isolated from strains Sc5314 and Canl6 cultured in ⁇ -MEM medium. However, the RNA isolated from the strain Sc5314 cultivated in YPD medium showed no hybridization signals.
- RNA from the avirulent strain Can34 (cultured either in YPD or in ⁇ -MEM medium) also showed no hybridization signals. The same result was obtained with the RNA isolated from the Can33 strain cultured in ⁇ -MEM medium.
- An actin-specific probe (ACT1) was used as a control.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of 2D gel electrophoresis of protein extracts from the strains Sc5315 and Can34 cultivated in ⁇ -MEM medium
- the proteins were isolated from the clinical isolate Sc5314 by differential 2D gel electrophoresis as follows: To isolate the proteins, the virulent Candida albicans strain Sc5314 and the avirulent Candida albicans strain Can34 (HLC69) (Lo et al., 1997, Cell, 90, 939-949) were simultaneously mixed in full medium (YPD: 20 g / l Bacto- Peptone; 10g / l yeast extract; 0.15g / l L-tryptophan) grown overnight, inoculated in ⁇ -MEM medium (# 22571 Life Technologies / Gibco) with 2% glucose (1: 100) and for 24 h Incubated at 37 ° C on a round debris.
- full medium YPD: 20 g / l Bacto- Peptone; 10g / l yeast extract; 0.15g / l L-tryptophan
- the cells obtained in this way were pelleted and in a non-detergent-containing saline buffer (PGSK buffer: 0.52 g / l NaH 2 PO 4 » H 2 0; 8.8 g / l Na 2 HP0 4 « 2H 2 0; 2, 8g / l NaCl; 0.372g / l KC1; llg / 1 glucose) digested with glass beads.
- PGSK buffer 0.52 g / l NaH 2 PO 4 » H 2 0; 8.8 g / l Na 2 HP0 4 « 2H 2 0; 2, 8g / l NaCl; 0.372g / l KC1; llg / 1 glucose
- the protein extract isolated therefrom was separated using isoelectical focusing and then using SDS-PAGE.
- the gels were stained with silver (see FIG. 2a) or Coomassie (see FIG. 2b).
- the protein spots which were only visible in one of the two gels
- DNA sequences and the flanking regions were amplified and cloned by PCR from genomic DNA from Sc5314. Furthermore, the corresponding DNA sequence from genomic libraries (Liu et al., 1995, Science, 266, 1723- 1726) by hybridization of the radioactively labeled fragments obtained by PCR.
- the coding sequences for each of the seven identified proteins were removed from the cloned PCR fragments by means of PCR and replaced by selection markers (URA3) (Fonzi and Irwin, 1993, Genetics, 134, 717-728). These constructs are used to delete the coding sequence in C. albicans. Furthermore, the open reading frames for all seven proteins and the termination sequences were isolated by means of PCR and in vectors with regulatable PCK1 and MET3 promoters (Leuker et al., Gene, 1997, 19, 192 (2), 235-40; Care et al., Mol Microbiol., 1999, 34 (4), 792-8.) for expression in C.
- the regulation of the hyphen-specific expressed proteins takes place at the transcription level, since the mRNA for all seven proteins can only be detected in Sc5314 cultures grown in ⁇ -MEM, but not in Sc5314, which was cultivated in full medium, or in the avirulent strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl), which was cultured in complete medium or ⁇ -MEM medium.
- FIG. 2b shows as an example a Northern analysis of RNA from the strains Sc5314 and Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl) cultivated in full medium (YPD or ⁇ -MEM).
- RNA of the strains Canl6 ( ⁇ cphl) and Can33 ( ⁇ efgl) (Lo et al., 1997, Cell, 90, 939-949) cultivated in ⁇ -MEM medium was also applied.
- Canl6 ( ⁇ cphl) has been described as a strain that has virulence comparable to Sc5314 and shows hyphae formation.
- Can33 ( ⁇ efgl) shows no hyphae formation and its virulence is greatly reduced (Lo et al., 1997, Cell, 90, 939-949).
- the corresponding mRNAs can be detected with Cap33, Capl ⁇ and Capl9-specific probes.
- no corresponding mRNAs can be detected in Sc5314, which was cultivated in YPD medium, using the probes mentioned above.
- the corresponding mRNAs can also be detected using the probes.
- the avirulent strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl), cultivated either in YPD medium or in ⁇ -MEM medium, contains no corresponding mRNAs.
- the Can33 strain cultured in ⁇ -MEM medium also contains no corresponding mRNAs.
- Protein extracts from the strains Sc5314 and Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl), which had been cultivated in ⁇ -MEM medium, were subjected to 2D gel electrophoresis according to customary methods.
- the hyphen-specifically expressed proteins pl5, pl ⁇ , pl9, p20, p33a, p33b and p40 can only be detected in the hyphal growing strain Sc5314, but not in the avirulent strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl).
- FIG. 2a also shows that the strain Sc5314 cultivated in ⁇ -MEM medium produces the proteins Cap33a and Cap33b, but the strain Can34 does not.
- nucleotide chip Detection of nucleotide sequences encoding hyphen-specific proteins by means of a nucleotide chip
- Nucleotide sequences which code for the hyphen-specific proteins CAP33, CAP19 and CAP16 were fixed on a poly-L-lysine-coated carrier surface.
- the nucleotide chip thus obtained was hybridized under the usual hybridization conditions with cDNAs which had been produced from mRNA of the hyphal growing Candida albicans strain Sc5315 and the avirulent, yeast-like growing Candida strain Can34 ( ⁇ cphl ⁇ efgl). The results of this hybridization are shown in FIG. 1.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10023130 | 2000-05-11 | ||
| DE10023130A DE10023130B4 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2000-05-11 | Hyphenspezifische Faktoren aus Candida albicans |
| PCT/EP2001/005363 WO2001085989A2 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | Hyphenspezifische faktoren aus candida albicans |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1335936A2 true EP1335936A2 (de) | 2003-08-20 |
| EP1335936B1 EP1335936B1 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
Family
ID=7641684
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01949334A Expired - Lifetime EP1335936B1 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | Hyphenspezifische faktoren aus candida albicans |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7220574B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1335936B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE340804T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2001270518A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2408634A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10023130B4 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2271040T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001085989A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060228813A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-10-12 | Ying Wu | Method for immobilizing biomolecules on metal oxide substrates |
| CN1948335B (zh) * | 2005-10-14 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 | 白念珠菌菌丝调控因子基因及其用途 |
| US7745158B2 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2010-06-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Detection of secreted aspartyl proteases from Candida species |
| EP2887068B8 (de) | 2013-12-20 | 2018-10-24 | Bio-Rad Innovations | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Diagnose von invasiven Candida-Infektionen durch FBA1-Proteinerkennung |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5700636A (en) | 1990-10-19 | 1997-12-23 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Methods for selectively detecting microorganisms associated with vaginal infections in complex biological samples |
| EP2332957B1 (de) | 1996-02-09 | 2015-04-08 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Detektion von Unterschieden in der Sequenz von Nukleinsäuren mittels der Ligasedetektionsreaktion und adressierbaren Arrays |
| AU4858597A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-05-22 | National Research Council Of Canada | (candida albicans) proteins associated with virulence and hyphal formation and uses thereof |
| CA2319828A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-05 | Miller, Samuel | High density arrays for proteome analysis and methods and compositions therefor |
| CA2318175A1 (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-12 | Invitrogen Corporation | Microarrays and uses therefor |
| US6747137B1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2004-06-08 | Genome Therapeutics Corporation | Nucleic acid sequences relating to Candida albicans for diagnostics and therapeutics |
| DE60000836T2 (de) | 1999-02-08 | 2003-09-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur herstellung eines dns chip |
| US6713255B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2004-03-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | DNA chip, PNA chip, and their preparation methods |
| JP2001186881A (ja) | 1999-10-22 | 2001-07-10 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Dnaチップの製造方法 |
-
2000
- 2000-05-11 DE DE10023130A patent/DE10023130B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-10 DE DE50111112T patent/DE50111112D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-10 AT AT01949334T patent/ATE340804T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-10 EP EP01949334A patent/EP1335936B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-10 ES ES01949334T patent/ES2271040T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-10 AU AU2001270518A patent/AU2001270518A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-10 WO PCT/EP2001/005363 patent/WO2001085989A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-10 US US10/275,933 patent/US7220574B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-10 CA CA002408634A patent/CA2408634A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040014061A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
| DE10023130B4 (de) | 2007-10-18 |
| DE50111112D1 (de) | 2006-11-09 |
| EP1335936B1 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
| ES2271040T3 (es) | 2007-04-16 |
| WO2001085989A9 (de) | 2003-09-12 |
| DE10023130A1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
| US7220574B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
| CA2408634A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
| AU2001270518A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| WO2001085989A8 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
| ATE340804T1 (de) | 2006-10-15 |
| WO2001085989A3 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
| WO2001085989A2 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE69828392T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines diagnostischen Standard-Gentranskriptionsmusters | |
| DE69535428T2 (de) | Verfahren zum Auffinden von differentiel exprimierte Gene | |
| DE60108256T3 (de) | Allergen-assay auf basis von mikroanordnungen | |
| EP1611255A2 (de) | Verfahren zur erkennung akuter generalisierter entzündlicher zustände (sirs), sepsis, sepsis ähnlichen zuständen und systemischen infektionen | |
| EP1335936B1 (de) | Hyphenspezifische faktoren aus candida albicans | |
| DE60036555T2 (de) | Polypeptidfragmente mit einem c-terminalen teil von katalase aus helicobacter | |
| DE69535156T2 (de) | Verfahren und zusammensetzungen zur diagnose von rochalimaea henselae und rochalimaea quintana infektion | |
| DE10142743B4 (de) | Biochips mit Dimorphismus-spezifischen Faktoren aus Candida albicans | |
| DE3413339A1 (de) | Gegen pilze der gattung candida gerichtete antikoerper | |
| EP1277837A2 (de) | Epididymis-spezifische DNA-Sequenzen und deren Verwendung | |
| DE3650635T2 (de) | Monoklonale Antikörper | |
| EP1727829B9 (de) | Hyphenspezifische zellwandproteine von candida | |
| EP0729580B1 (de) | Nachweisverfahren für hdm-2-spezifische antikörper | |
| EP1114157A2 (de) | Regulatorisches protein aus humanen keratinozyten | |
| WO2002053709A1 (de) | Knorpelzellmarker, verfahren sowie verwendung desselben | |
| DE3642050C2 (de) | ||
| DE3854740T2 (de) | Menschlicher monoklonaler antikörper gegen candida. | |
| DE69821341T2 (de) | Sonden zum nachweis von infektion durch klebsiella pneumoniae | |
| WO2007036352A2 (de) | Candida-diagnose-chip | |
| DE10322044A1 (de) | Thioredoxin-Peroxidase von C. albicans als virulenzspezifischer Marker | |
| DE69405005T2 (de) | Sonde und verfahren zum nachweis von hefen der art candida krusei | |
| WO2002054078A2 (de) | Verfahren zur bestimmung der hautalterung in vitro | |
| EP1072681B9 (de) | Regulatorisches Protein pKe#165 aus humanen Keratinozyten | |
| US5236834A (en) | Allergenic molecules from lepidoglyphus destructor | |
| DE10045123A1 (de) | Das C. albicans TEC1 GEN(CaTEC1) und das kodierte Tec1p Protein |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DERANGEWAND |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20031205 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20060927 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20060927 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20061003 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: PA ALDO ROEMPLER |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50111112 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20061109 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20061227 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20061227 |
|
| RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWAN |
|
| NLT2 | Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin |
Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR Effective date: 20070117 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070313 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2271040 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20070628 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070531 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20061228 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PCAR Free format text: ALDO ROEMPLER PATENTANWALT;BRENDENWEG 11 POSTFACH 154;9424 RHEINECK (CH) |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20090522 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20090520 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20090520 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070510 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20060927 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20090522 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20090526 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20060927 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20090526 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20090525 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWAN Effective date: 20100531 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20101201 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100510 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100531 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100531 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101201 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100510 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100531 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100510 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20110714 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110704 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100511 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20140520 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20140516 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20140521 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50111112 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150510 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20160129 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150510 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151201 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150601 |