EP1324964A2 - Procede de production de composes aryle - Google Patents

Procede de production de composes aryle

Info

Publication number
EP1324964A2
EP1324964A2 EP01985697A EP01985697A EP1324964A2 EP 1324964 A2 EP1324964 A2 EP 1324964A2 EP 01985697 A EP01985697 A EP 01985697A EP 01985697 A EP01985697 A EP 01985697A EP 1324964 A2 EP1324964 A2 EP 1324964A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nickel
grignard reagent
atoms
aryl
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01985697A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Eckert
Guido Giffels
Hans-Christian Militzer
Thomas Prinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saltigo GmbH
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000147484 external-priority patent/DE10047484A1/de
Priority claimed from DE2001121105 external-priority patent/DE10121105A1/de
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of EP1324964A2 publication Critical patent/EP1324964A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/74—Iron group metals
    • B01J23/755—Nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
    • C07B37/04—Substitution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particularly favorable process for the preparation of aryl compounds by cross-coupling reaction of aryl halogen compounds with Grignard reagents in the presence of nickel catalysts, the production process of which is also the subject of the invention.
  • Such low temperatures are almost prohibitive for a process to be carried out on an industrial scale.
  • Another disadvantage is that the reaction can only be controlled with difficulty via the supply or removal of heat, which is a safety-related risk, particularly in the case of reactions with Grignard reagents, because a lot of heat can be released when the reaction often starts delayed, and its ab then leads to problems.
  • the precursor materials for the nickel-on-carbon catalysts used are made from carbon and aqueous nickel (II) nitrate in the absence of air in an argon atmosphere and, after their isolation, must be stored under inert conditions (Tetrahedron, 56, 2000, 2139-2144) , Before being used in the cross-coupling reactions according to the invention, the precursor materials for reducing the nickel in the oxidation state (0) are reacted with n-butyl lithium or methyl magnesium bromide. This catalyst production is therefore only slightly suitable for industrial use. There is therefore still a need for a process for the preparation of aryl compounds and the catalysts suitable for this process and their precursor materials which can be carried out at temperatures which are technically simple to implement and without any safety-related risks.
  • Formula (I) represents the substituted aryl compound used, formula (II) the Grignard reagent used and formula (III) the one prepared
  • Ar can represent, for example, an optionally substituted aromatic radical having 5 to 18 skeleton atoms, with only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms, but optionally also heteroatoms in addition to carbon atoms such as
  • N, O and / or S atoms can be present. If hetero framework atoms are present, their number per Ar group is, for example, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2.
  • Ar preferably represents optionally substituted phenyl, Tolyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, biphenyl or a 6-membered aromatic radical containing 1 to 2 N atoms.
  • Possible substituents for Ar are, for example: halogen, Ci-Cg-alkyl, Ci-Cg-alkoxy, Ci-Cg-haloalkyl, Ci-Cg-haloalkoxy, tri-Ci-Cg-alkyl-siloxyl, in
  • aryl with 6 to 10 skeleton atoms which can be only C atoms, but also 1 to 2 N, O and or S atoms in addition to C atoms, NO ' 2 , SO 3 R “, SO 2 R", SOR “, SR” or POR “2 can be, the two R' being the same or different and each being hydrogen, Ci-Cg-alkyl or Cö-Cio-aryl can stand, and R "can stand for Ci-Cg-alkyl or Cg-CiQ-aryl.
  • One or more of the same or different substituents may be present, for example up to three per Ar.
  • Ar is preferably carbocyclic Cg-Cio-aryl, optionally with one or two substituents from the group Ci-C - ⁇ - alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C- j -fluoro or chloroalkyl or Phenyl is substituted, whereby one or two, identical or different ones of such substituents can be present.
  • Particularly preferred substituted aryl compounds are chlorotoluene, chlorobenzonitrile, chloranisole, chloropyridine, dichlorobenzene, chlorobiphenyl, chloronaphthalene, chlorofluorobenzene, chlorotrifluoromethylbenzene and chloroethylbenzene.
  • X can represent, for example, chlorine, bromine or OR 1 , where R 1 is
  • R 2 C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C r C 4 perhaloalkyl, in particular trifluoromethyl.
  • R may be, for example, 18 -aryl optionally substituted C ⁇ -C 2 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 12 alkenyl or C5-C.
  • the alkenyl groups can, as far as it is possible from the number of carbon atoms present, simple or be polyunsaturated and, like the alkyl groups, not only straight-chain, but optionally also branched or cyclic or containing cyclic substructures.
  • the alkyl, alkenyl and aryl groups can optionally be substituted, for example with 1 to 5 identical or different substituents from the group as indicated above as substituents for Ar.
  • shark is, for example, chlorine or bromine.
  • Grignard reagents are ethyl, propyl, phenyl, tolyl and p-methoxyphenyl magnesium chloride.
  • the respective Grignard reagent is generally used in solution in a solvent.
  • Such solutions can be, for example, 15 to 40% by weight. They are preferably 20 to 35% by weight.
  • the Grignard reagent solution can be freshly prepared according to methods known per se.
  • the substituted aryl compound can also act as a solvent. Then it is necessary to use them in larger amounts, for example in amounts of up to 20 equivalents, preferably up to 10 equivalents, each per mole of Grignard reagent.
  • the nickel catalysts according to the invention can be, for example, Ni (O) supported catalysts which have been prepared by loading a support material with the aqueous solution of a nickel compound and reducing the nickel compound with a reducing agent.
  • a support material for example, activated carbon, aluminum oxides, silicon dioxide and silicates can be used as carrier materials.
  • the carrier material can have, for example, inner surfaces of 10 to 2000 m 2 / g. Activated carbon with an inner surface of 800 to 1600 m 2 / g or aluminum oxides, silicon oxides or silicates with inner surfaces of 100 to 400 m 2 / g are preferably used.
  • Solutions of a nickel compound are preferably an aqueous solution of, for example, nickel (II) chloride, bromide, acetate, nitrate or sulfate or mixtures thereof.
  • the carrier material can be loaded, for example, in such a way that the carrier material is impregnated with an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds, optionally dried and or heated after removal of excess solution.
  • the temperature can be, for example, 150 ° to 400 ° C., preferably 170 to 300 ° C.
  • nickel nitrate can be converted into nickel oxide.
  • the carrier material is loaded in the presence of an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds and in the presence of a base.
  • both the carrier material with an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds can be initially introduced and then the base can be added, but an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds can also be added to an aqueous suspension of the carrier material and a base.
  • an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds can also be added to an aqueous suspension of the carrier material and a base.
  • the simultaneous metering of base and an aqueous solution of one or more nickel compounds into an aqueous suspension of the carrier material is also possible.
  • Alkali metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates and alkaline earth metal hydroxides can be used as bases, for example, are preferred
  • Alkali metal hydroxides particularly preferred are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
  • oxidic catalyst precursor materials which are insensitive to oxygen and in which storage in a protective gas atmosphere can therefore be dispensed with are obtained in this way.
  • the reduction can take place, for example, when carrying out the loading, for example by adding the reducing agent directly in the aqueous phase. However, it can also take place after the drying and / or heating of the loaded carrier material.
  • the nickel (O) -containing catalysts are also stable in air when stored.
  • the water-moist catalysts should e.g. can be dried by heating and / or applying a vacuum.
  • the advantage of the nickel catalysts according to the invention and their precussor materials is that one can do without organic solvents and inert conditions during their production.
  • Ni (II) precursor materials are used in the cross-coupling, the reduction can be carried out, for example, with organolithium compounds such as n-
  • the advantage is that the catalyst precursor materials are stable in air in storage, which considerably simplifies handling, particularly in the technical field.
  • the finished nickel supported catalyst or the precursor materials can e.g. Contain 0.5 to 100 g nickel per kg, preferably 0.5 to 50 g nickel per kg, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 g nickel per kg and very particularly preferably 2 to 5 g nickel per kg.
  • nickel supported catalyst can be used in the cross-coupling reaction according to the invention that the amount corresponds to 0.001 to 0.2 moles of nickel (calculated as metal). This amount is preferably 0.005 to 0.05 moles.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by initially introducing the substituted aryl compound, the nickel catalyst and any solvent to be used, for example at 0 to 25 ° C., then bringing this mixture to the reaction temperature, for example to 0 to 150 ° C. and then that Grignard
  • the Grignard reagent is metered in at the reaction temperature and not, as before, the total amount of Grignard reagent is added at a low temperature, and then the reaction temperature is adjusted from lower temperatures.
  • the reaction temperature is preferably 20 to 120 ° C., in particular 35 to 100 ° C.
  • the process according to the invention can also be carried out in such a way that only a part of the substituted aryl compound intended for use (e.g. 20 to almost 100%) with the nickel catalyst and any solvent to be used is initially taken and the rest of the aryl compound is added during the metering of the Grignard reagent.
  • a part of the substituted aryl compound intended for use e.g. 20 to almost 100%
  • the nickel catalyst and any solvent to be used is initially taken and the rest of the aryl compound is added during the metering of the Grignard reagent.
  • suitable solvents for the process according to the invention are aromatic solvents such as mono- and polyalkylbenzenes and ethers such as diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether and tetrahydrofuran. Tetrahydrofuran is preferred.
  • aromatic solvents such as mono- and polyalkylbenzenes and ethers such as diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether and tetrahydrofuran. Tetrahydrofuran is preferred.
  • an excess of substituted aryl compound can also serve as the solvent.
  • the process is additionally carried out in the presence of a phosphorus-containing component.
  • a phosphorus-containing component e.g. are an organic phosphorus compound, in particular di- or triaryl and alkyl phosphines and phosphites.
  • phosphorus-containing components are triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphite, tritolylphosphine, bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane, 1,4-bis (diphenylphosphino) butane, 1,3-bis (triphenylphosphino) propane, tri-tert .-butylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine and tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.
  • a phosphorus-containing component it can be used, based on 1 mol of nickel in the catalyst, for example 0.1 to 20 mol. With the addition of a phosphorus-containing component, higher reaction rates and or better selectivities can often be achieved.
  • the reaction mixture can be worked up, for example with water or an alcohol, e.g. add a Ci-C-j-alkyl alcohol, filter off the solid components and e.g. wash with the solvent used in the reaction.
  • the filtrate and the washing liquids can then be combined and the solvents contained therein removed. Distillation of the residue under high vacuum can then the aryl compound prepared in general in yields of over 85%. Th. And deliver in purities of over 95%.
  • the catalyst used can be recovered, for example, by the reaction mixture after the end of the reaction and before the addition of
  • Such compounds as can be produced according to the invention are suitable e.g. for use as liquid crystalline materials and as precursors for such materials. They also represent intermediate products for pharmaceuticals, agro-active ingredients (e.g. fungicides and herbicides), pigments and paints.
  • agro-active ingredients e.g. fungicides and herbicides
  • the process according to the invention has the advantage that the course of the reaction can be controlled by metering in the Grignard reagent.
  • This reaction control is simple and safe in terms of safety. It could not have been foreseen that this change in the procedure could be implemented without disadvantages with regard to the reactivity and selectivity of the catalyst.
  • the concentration of the Grignard reagent in the reaction mixture is consistently at a very low level, while according to the prior art
  • the Grignard reagent is present in high concentration, which then decreases continuously.
  • concentration of a reaction partner in the reaction mixture is known to have a very strong influence on the course of reactions.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that it is carried out without the use of low temperatures.
  • Example 3 The supports in Example 3 were activated carbon with an inner surface (BET) of 800 m / g, in Example 4 silicon dioxide with an inner surface (BET) of 300 m 2 / g and in Example 5 aluminum oxide with a inner surface area (BET) of 150 m 2 / g. Coupling reactions according to the invention
  • Example 1 0.75 g of the catalyst obtained in Example 1 was initially introduced under an argon atmosphere, first 0.52 g of triphenylphosphine and then 3.26 g of 3-chlorotoluene (97% strength) dissolved in a mixture of 5 ml of THF and 10 ml of toluene , The
  • Example 13 was carried out with the catalyst from Example 3. 3.8 g of 3-methylbiphenyl with a purity of 95% were obtained. This corresponds to a yield of 86% of theory
  • Example 13 was carried out with the starting materials 4-chloroanisole and 4-tolylmagnesium chloride. 4.2 g of 4-methoxy-4'-methylbiphenyl with a purity of 95% were obtained. This corresponds to a yield of 80% of theory
  • Example 13 was carried out with the catalyst from Example 4. 3.5 g of 3-methylbiphenyl with a purity of 94% were obtained. This corresponds to a yield of 78% of theory

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Des composés aryle sont produits de manière avantageuse par réaction de couplage croisé d'un composé aryle substitué avec un réactif Grignard, avec catalyse simultanée au nickel. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'on utilise des composés aryle substitués et un nouveau catalyseur nickel et que l'on ajoute en le dosant le réactif Grignard lorsque la température de réaction est atteinte.
EP01985697A 2000-09-26 2001-09-13 Procede de production de composes aryle Withdrawn EP1324964A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10047484 2000-09-26
DE2000147484 DE10047484A1 (de) 2000-09-26 2000-09-26 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Arylverbindungen
DE10121105 2001-04-27
DE2001121105 DE10121105A1 (de) 2001-04-27 2001-04-27 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Arylverbindungen
PCT/EP2001/010558 WO2002026665A2 (fr) 2000-09-26 2001-09-13 Procede de production de composes aryle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1324964A2 true EP1324964A2 (fr) 2003-07-09

Family

ID=26007157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01985697A Withdrawn EP1324964A2 (fr) 2000-09-26 2001-09-13 Procede de production de composes aryle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20020077250A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1324964A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1289190C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002218171A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002026665A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009507032A (ja) 2005-09-02 2009-02-19 アボット・ラボラトリーズ 新規なイミダゾ系複素環
CN103877995B (zh) * 2014-03-31 2016-02-17 陕西师范大学 蒙脱土负载纳米Pd/Cu催化剂及其原位一锅法制备和应用
CN106187656B (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-10-23 陕西师范大学 镁辅助镍催化多氟芳烃单芳基化的方法
CN106146454B (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-08-24 陕西师范大学 Negishi偶联制备多氟联芳烃类化合物的方法
CN106243018B (zh) * 2016-07-26 2018-09-21 陕西师范大学 一种多氟苯基吡啶类化合物的合成方法
US9975833B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2018-05-22 Eastman Chemical Company Efficient catalyst for the formation of polyaryl hydrocarbons suitable as precursors for polydentate organophosphorus catalyst ligands
US9687837B1 (en) 2016-08-31 2017-06-27 Eastman Chemical Company Stable hydroformylation catalyst for preparation of high N/Iso ratio aldehyde product
CN107266282B (zh) * 2017-07-25 2020-06-30 利尔化学股份有限公司 一种1,4-二甲基萘的制备方法
CN109053359B (zh) * 2018-06-29 2021-09-07 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种四烃基取代联苯的制备方法
CN112675850A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-20 江苏广域化学有限公司 镍催化剂、其制备方法及嘧啶类衍生物的合成方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629631A1 (de) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-03 Basf Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von medizinischen weissoelen und medizinischen paraffinen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0226665A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002026665A2 (fr) 2002-04-04
AU2002218171A1 (en) 2002-04-08
WO2002026665A3 (fr) 2002-11-07
CN1466487A (zh) 2004-01-07
CN1289190C (zh) 2006-12-13
US20020077250A1 (en) 2002-06-20

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