EP1314894B1 - Ventilateur - Google Patents

Ventilateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1314894B1
EP1314894B1 EP02023117A EP02023117A EP1314894B1 EP 1314894 B1 EP1314894 B1 EP 1314894B1 EP 02023117 A EP02023117 A EP 02023117A EP 02023117 A EP02023117 A EP 02023117A EP 1314894 B1 EP1314894 B1 EP 1314894B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan according
equipment fan
housing
signal
casing part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02023117A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1314894B2 (fr
EP1314894A3 (fr
EP1314894A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Von Der Heydt
Wolfgang Arno Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst St Georgen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ebm Papst St Georgen GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0613—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/601—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S388/00—Electricity: motor control systems
    • Y10S388/90—Specific system operational feature
    • Y10S388/903—Protective, e.g. voltage or current limit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device fan with a drive motor.
  • the invention relates to such a fan, which can communicate via a control line ("bus") with an external control device.
  • a monitoring circuit for a device fan is known.
  • the voltage on a collector motor driving this fan is filtered and then compared in a comparator to a signal corresponding to a reference speed. If the comparison shows that the fan speed is too low, a signal is sent to a microprocessor, which switches off the fan via one of its outputs, activates a buzzer via another output, and activates a LED via a third output, which indicates which of several fans is defective.
  • WO 99/09642 also known a monitoring circuit for a fan whose speed is controlled by a temperature-dependent resistor (thermistor).
  • thermistor temperature-dependent resistor
  • the use of multiple thermistors is possible, with the warmest determining the fan speed.
  • an engine speed dependent voltage is compared to a signal corresponding to a reference speed, and if the comparison shows that the fan speed is too low, an alarm is triggered.
  • This document also shows a central control circuit for eight fans, where the ambient temperature is measured via a separate thermistor. When it gets cold, part of the eight fans will be turned off. To the central control circuit performs a control line, and hereby all eight fans can be switched off centrally, so en bloc.
  • Fig. 1 shows a greatly enlarged section through an external rotor motor 20.
  • This has a hub 22 made of a suitable plastic, which is integrally formed with a bearing support tube 24, in which an upper ball bearing 26, a spacer 28 for the outer rings, and a lower ball bearing 30 are arranged, which ball bearings support the shaft 32 of an outer rotor 34.
  • the inner rings of the ball bearings 26, 30 are braced against each other by a compression spring 36, which is arranged between the inner ring of the ball bearing 26 and a rotor part 38.
  • the latter is, as shown, attached to the upper end of the shaft 32 and carries a soft ferromagnetic ring 40, in which a rotor magnet 42 is arranged.
  • a ring member 44 made of plastic, which is formed integrally with five fan blades 46.
  • the lower end 48 of the rotor magnet 42 opposite a Hall IC 50 is disposed on a printed circuit board 52, which carries electronic components for controlling the motor 20 and the error message.
  • the Hall IC 50 controls the current in the motor 20 and serves as an encoder for its speed.
  • the shaft 32 has at the lower end an annular groove 54, in which a holding part 56 resiliently engages, which is fixed by means of a spring 58 in the bearing support tube 24.
  • an inner stator 60 is attached on the outside of the bearing support tube 24, on the outside of the bearing support tube 24, an inner stator 60 is attached. This has a laminated core 62, in which by means of a bobbin 64, 66 a winding 68 is attached. A terminal 70 of the winding 68 is shown. It is soldered to a pin 72 fastened in the coil carrier 66.
  • the hub 22 is integrally formed with webs 74 which connect the hub 22 with a substantially cylindrical shell portion 76 which surrounds the fan blades 46 radially spaced, see. Fig. 2.
  • the webs 74 form a protective grid, which is shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 and which also serves as a handle to help the motor 20 in a housing (Fig. 3 to 5) to insert or remove it.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view in the direction of the arrow II of FIG. 1. It can be seen that six webs 74 which connect the hub 22 to the shell part 76 are fastened to the hub 22.
  • the hub 22, the webs 74 and the shell part 76 are formed as a one-piece plastic part.
  • Approximately in the middle of the webs 74 are interconnected by an annular web 80 on which an arrow 82 for the opening direction and an arrow 84 for the closing direction, and corresponding indicia (OPEN, CLOSE) are attached.
  • connection lines 86, 88 (+ and -) and 90 (control line) are soldered and from there via a T-shaped clamping piece 92 on the outside of the shell part 76 and another clamping piece 94, as well as on the outside of the shell part 76, led to a connector 96. Further, located on the outside of the shell part 76, four radially projecting pins 98, which serve as locking pins and which are arranged here at equal intervals of 90 °.
  • the assembly of external rotor motor 20, fan blades 46 and casing 76 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated by 100. It represents a replaceable unit, which can be completely replaced as such in the event of a fault without the fan housing having to be removed for this purpose.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plan view of the open side of a fan housing 110.
  • This has at its bottom a protective grid 112, which is integrally formed with the housing 110, and it has a substantially cylindrical Recess 114 for receiving the cylindrical shell portion 76 (Fig. 2).
  • the outline shape of the housing 110 is substantially square, for example, with the standard dimensions 80 x 80 mm, but a thin-walled shell portion 116, in which the recess 114 is formed, is partially over this square outline shape.
  • Recesses 118A, 118B, 118C, 118D for receiving the pins 98 (FIG. 2) are provided in these protruding parts 116A to 116D.
  • FIG. 3 shows the upper recess 118A in FIG. 4, which merges laterally into a latching recess 120A which has on one side a resilient latching tongue 122A and on the other side a resilient latching latch 124A.
  • FIG. 5 shows the right-hand recess 118 B in FIG. 4. This goes laterally into a latching recess 120B, which has on one side a resilient latching tongue 122B and on the other side a resilient latching tongue 124B.
  • the remaining recesses 118C and 118D are identical to the recess 118B, and therefore identical reference numerals are used for them, but supplemented by the letters C and D.
  • the cylindrical recess 114 For receiving the lines 86, 88, 90, the tee 92 and the clamping piece 94, the cylindrical recess 114 has a radial extension 126 which extends over an angle of about 20 °.
  • the cover of this extension is designated 130 and shown in Fig. 3.
  • locking members 132 for fixing the plug 96 (Fig. 2).
  • the housing 110 has at its corners holes 136 for permanent attachment of this part to a component to be cooled, for. B. a transmitting device, and it has two protruding pins 138 for precise fixing.
  • the housing 110 is permanently mounted to the part to be cooled.
  • the component 100 (FIG. 2) can then be inserted into the housing 100 after assembly and removed from it as needed, eg. B. for a Repair.
  • Figs. 6 to 9 show the fan in its finished state and in approximately normal size.
  • the component 100 is inserted into the housing 110 and latched there. This is done by inserting the pins 98 axially into the recesses 118A-118D and then rotating the component 100 in the direction of the arrow 84 (CLOSE) clockwise by a few degrees.
  • the pins 98 engage in the latching recesses 120A to 120D, as clearly shown in FIGS. 6, 8 and 9.
  • the plug 96 is latched to the locking members 132, as shown in Fig. 6 to 9.
  • the removal of the component 100 from the housing 102 is in reverse order, d. H. the component 100 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 82 by a few degrees counterclockwise and then pulled axially out of the housing 110 out.
  • a mark 122 is provided on the skirt portion 76 and a mark 124 on the skirt portion 116C, and when the portion 100 is properly locked, the marks 122, 124 face each other. This allows easy visual inspection at the final inspection.
  • the openings between the radial webs 74 and the annular web 80 are formed so that you can intervene with these fingers in these openings and can use the guard as a gripping aid.
  • the protective grid 112 shown in FIG. 4 is arranged on one side of the finished fan and the protective grid 74, 80 shown in FIG. 2 on the other side of the fan, so that it has a protective grid on both sides , wherein both protective grid are preferably formed of plastic.
  • the protective grid 112 is formed integrally with the housing 110 and the protective grid 74, 80 integral with the jacket tube 76 and the hub 22nd
  • Fig. 10 shows an associated circuit.
  • the motor 20 is shown schematically. This generated by a device 150, such as a tachometer generator, a signal corresponding to the actual speed n, the a speed controller 152 is supplied.
  • the motor 20 is in series with an output stage 154 between the lines 86 (+) and 88 (ground).
  • the output stage 154 is shown symbolically as npn transistor. In Fig. 11, it is formed by the two transistors 224, 226.
  • a control unit 156 To control the motor 20 is a control unit 156, which generally serves to provide an actuating signal for the motor 20 and for evaluating an error signal from the motor 20.
  • the controller 156 may provide as a control signal a PWM signal or a DC control signal.
  • n soll a DC voltage which is supplied to the input 90 and, for example, can have values between 2 and 7 V.
  • the speed controller 152 would constantly receive a signal that would correspond to a 100% duty cycle PWM signal 164 and the motor 20 would run at maximum speed.
  • a switching element 160 is provided, which in this case blocks the output stage 154, so that the motor 20 receives no power and is turned off.
  • a pulse duty factor of> 95% which is supplied to the control line 90 and which is also interpreted as a shutdown signal.
  • the terminal 86 When the fan is used in a motor vehicle, the terminal 86 is connected to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery (not shown).
  • the port 86 is connected to a filter 166 for EMI protection, and to Protection against incorrect connection to the battery, a diode 168 is provided. Further, a capacitor 170 is provided, which supplies the motor 20 with reactive power.
  • a stabilized voltage of e.g. +7.7 V which is filtered by a capacitor 176.
  • the Hall IC 50 Connected to the line 174 is the Hall IC 50, which is controlled by the permanent magnetic rotor 42 (FIG. 1) and in turn, depending on the position of this rotor, controls the output stage 154 via a connection 177.
  • a PTC resistor 180 is provided, whose output signal is fed via a line 182 to the speed controller 152 and this to the speed Zero regulates when the temperature of motor 20 / output stage 154 exceeds a critical value for all components, eg 115 ° C.
  • a measuring resistor 184 is provided, at which a voltage is generated in operation, which is dependent on the current i of the motor 20 and which is supplied to a control member 186.
  • the controller 186 When the voltage across the resistor 184 becomes too high, the controller 186 generates at an output 188 a signal which disables the output stage 154, e.g. for 13 seconds, and at an output 190 generates a signal which is fed to and makes conductive an npn transistor 192.
  • the emitter of transistor 192 is connected to ground 88, its collector to control line 90, i. when transistor 192 is conductive, control line 90 becomes approximately at the potential of ground 88.
  • the line 90, 90 ' connected via a resistor 194 to the collector of an npn transistor 196, whose emitter is connected to ground 88 and the base of which the PWM signal 164 shown in operation is supplied.
  • control line 90 When the control line 90 is connected through the transistor 192 to ground 88, it acts as if the PWM signal 164 had a duty cycle of 0%, and the motor 20 is turned off. The same applies if a DC voltage supplied to the input 90 assumes the value 0.
  • the collector of the transistor 196 is connected via a resistor 198 to a node 200, and this is connected via a resistor 202 and a capacitor 204 connected in parallel with ground 88.
  • the capacitor 204 charges through the pulses of the PWM signal 164, reference being made to FIG. This results in a non-zero positive potential at node 200. But if the transistor 192 is conductive because the motor current i is constantly too high, the potential of the node 200 is reduced, and this gives an error signal FAULT.
  • the PWM pulses 164 go to the speed controller 152, and in the event of faults, because the transistor 192 becomes conductive, an error signal in the reverse direction from the motor 20 to the controller 156.
  • the voltage at the resistor 184 is also supplied to a control element 208 which, when it is triggered, limits the current i in the output stage 154 to a predetermined value.
  • the controller 186 is deactivated, i. then only the starting current limit 208 is active.
  • the line 188 is connected to the output of the regulator 152, the output of the current limiter 208 and a diode element 209. If the regulator 152, the control element 186, or the current limiter 208 generates a low potential at its output, the diode element 209 becomes conductive, reduces the voltage on the line 177, thereby completely or partially blocking the output stage 154, so that the motor 20 either de-energized, or - at startup - The motor current i is limited.
  • the setpoint speed of the motor 20 is set via a DC voltage (here: 2... 7 V) at the input 90 or by the pulse duty factor pwm of the PWM signal 164. As long as this is less than 10%, the engine is 20. In the range of 30 to 85%, the speed increases. At a duty cycle above 95%, the motor is switched off via the switching element 160, as already described.
  • the motor current i is limited by the control element 208 to a predetermined maximum value, in that the control signal for the output stage 154 is correspondingly reduced via the diode element 209 if the starting current i becomes too high.
  • the periodic signal generated thereby by the control element 186 is also supplied via the line 190 to the NPN transistor 192 and causes it to be periodically switched on and off.
  • the potential at point 90 is also changed periodically and transmitted via control line 90 'to control unit 156, where it generates the already described error signal FAULT.
  • FIG. 11 shows a brushless motor 20 having two stator winding phases 220, 222, each connected in series with a power transistor 224, 226, respectively. These are driven in the usual way for commutation via their bases by the Hall IC 50 (Fig. 10), which is not shown in Fig. 11.
  • the base of transistor 224 is connected to the anode of a diode 228, that of transistor 226 to the anode of a diode 230.
  • the cathodes of the diodes 228, 230 are connected to a line 232.
  • the line 232 is with the collectors of two NPN transistors 234, 236 whose emitters are connected to ground 88.
  • transistors 234, 236 If one of the transistors 234, 236 is turned on, a connection is established from the base of the transistors 224, 226 to ground, so that these transistors are blocked and the motor 20 no longer receives power. If one of the transistors 234, 236 becomes only partially conductive, it reduces the base current of the transistors 224, 226, so that the motor current i decreases correspondingly. This happens at the current limit, especially at the start of the engine 20th
  • the emitters of the transistors 224, 226 are connected via a node 240 and the measuring resistor 184 to ground 88.
  • the potential at node 240 is supplied via a resistor 242 to the base of transistor 236 so that it acts as a current limiter, i.
  • transistor 236 becomes increasingly conductive, thereby limiting motor current i, e.g. to a maximum of about 0.5 A at the start.
  • the potential at node 240 is also applied to the positive input of an op-amp 244 whose negative input is at a node 246 which is connected through a resistor 248 to ground 88 and via the PTC resistor 180 and a resistor 250 to the line 174.
  • the output 252 of the OP amplifier 244 is connected to the positive input via a capacitor 254 (eg 2.2 ⁇ F), via a resistor 256 (eg 100 kOhm) to the node 246, via a resistor 258 to the base of the transistor 234 a capacitor 260 (eg 1 nF) connected to ground 88 and via a resistor 262 to the base of the transistor 192.
  • the base of transistor 234 is also connected to ground 88 via a resistor 264.
  • the OP amplifier 244 switches its output 252 high, causing the transistor 234 to conduct and deenergize the motor 20 as described.
  • the transistor 192 is also turned on via the resistor 262 and generates a low potential on the Control line 90.
  • the OP amplifier 244 When the OP amplifier 244 has switched, it remains in that state for about 13 seconds by the action of the capacitor 254, and then returns to the state in which its output is low, thereby turning off the transistors 192 and 234 again the motor 20 receives power again. If it is still blocked, it will be turned on for about 2 seconds, and if it does not start, it will be de-energized for 13 seconds.
  • the PTC resistor 180 will become high impedance, decreasing the potential at node 246, thereby also turning on the transistors 192 and 234 and deenergizing the motor 20 until the temperature at the PTC resistor 180 has dropped sufficiently far again.
  • the speed controller 152 operates by comparing the signals n ist and n soll . For this he has an op-amp 152K, to which these signals are supplied. If the speed of the motor 20 is too high, the output 270 of the OP amplifier 152K goes high, and this signal is transmitted via a resistor 272 to the base of the transistor 236, making it conductive, thereby affecting the transistors 224, 226, so that the motor current i and thus the speed of the motor 20 decreases.
  • the control line 90 is connected via a resistor 276 to the line 174 and via a resistor 278 to a node 280 which is connected via a capacitor 282 to ground 88 and via a resistor 284 to the negative input of the OP amplifier 152K. This negative input is also connected via a resistor 286 to ground.
  • the control line 90 is connected via a resistor 290 to the base of a pnp transistor 292, whose emitter, as well as the emitter of a pnp transistor 294, is connected to the line 174.
  • the collector of transistor 292 is connected through a resistor 296 to ground 88 and via a capacitor 298 to its base. This base is also connected via a resistor 300 to the collector of the transistor 294, which is connected via a resistor 302 to the base of the transistor 236.
  • transistor 294 When transistor 294 is conductive, it provides base current to transistor 236, thereby blocking transistors 224, 226, so that motor 20 becomes de-energized.
  • the capacitor 282 is constantly sufficiently discharged by the PWM pulses, so that the transistor 292 by the potential is kept conductive on the control line 90 and thus the transistor 294 blocks.
  • the capacitor 282 is charged to a higher voltage, which is determined by the resistors 276, 278, 284, 286, and thereby the transistor 292 is turned off and the transistor 294 becomes conductive and turns off the motor 20 in the manner described.
  • signals can be transmitted via the control line 90 in both directions, ie in the direction of the motor 20 signals (PWM signals 164 or a DC control voltage) which control the engine speed, and in the reverse direction an error signal when the engine 20 runs too slowly or is prevented from turning.
  • PWM signals 164 or a DC control voltage which control the engine speed
  • Figs. 12 to 15 show a second embodiment of a Device fan 220 according to the invention, which is very small here and has an outer diameter of about 4 cm.
  • a common reference scale of 1 cm is given by way of example in order to clarify typical size relationships.
  • the device fan 320 is composed of two parts, namely an outer housing 322 which is externally provided with a flange 324 which is formed integrally with a protective grid 326, and which one has substantially cylindrical recess 328, in which the actual fan 330 is inserted and locked.
  • the fan 330 has a hub 332, which is connected via three webs 334 with a tubular outer part 336, whose outside 338 fits into the recess 328 with a sliding fit.
  • two radially projecting pins 340 are provided at 180 °, of which only one (in FIG. 13) is shown, and for their mounting two guide recesses 342 are provided in the outer housing 322, which in the plan view according to FIG have about L-shape, ie starting from a lateral opening, this recess extends first in the axial direction and then radially in a section 344, which tapers towards its end to a latching recess into which, according to FIG. 13, the pin 340 can be latched.
  • a wall portion 346 can yield elastically when latched or unlatched. Obviously, this solution is simpler than that of FIGS. 1 to 9.
  • the fan 330 has five fan blades 348 mounted on an outer rotor 360.
  • three lines 364, 366, 368 are provided, which lead to a (not shown) electronics outside of the fan part 330, since in such a small device fan, the electronics in the fan 330 itself would not have enough space.
  • leads 364, 366, 368 are routed around a support 370, 372 (on the outside of tube 338) to a plug 374.
  • a label is labeled 376.
  • the outer housing 322 is also provided here with a radial extension 380, the cover is designated 382.
  • Their radial extension makes it possible to rotate the fan part 330 in the outer housing 322 as far as it is necessary for locking and unlocking.
  • the fan part 330 can be used in a very simple manner in the outer housing 322 and removed from this, which in many cases represents a significant relief during assembly.
  • latching projections 94 could be provided on the inside of the recess 114, and the casing part 76 could have corresponding latching recesses.
  • functions not desired by the customer may be omitted and, alternatively, additional functions may be added.
  • Fig. 16 shows an embodiment for generating a signal corresponding to the actual speed n, see FIG. Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. Same or equivalent parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the circuit 150 has a gain element in the form of a pnp transistor 400 (preferably BC856B) whose base is connected to the positive line 86 via a resistor 402 (preferably 1 k ⁇ ), an output device 404, 406 in the form of two diodes 404, 406 (preferably BAV70) whose anodes are respectively connected to the side of the stator winding phases 220, 222 remote from the side connected to the positive line 86 and whose cathodes are connected to a point 408, a resistor 410 (preferably 39 k ⁇ ) which is connected between the Point 408 and the emitter of the transistor 400, and a smoothing device in the form of a capacitor 414 (preferably 100 nF), which capacitor 414 is arranged between the base and the collector of the transistor 400.
  • a resistor 418 (preferably 36 k ⁇ ) to the ground line 88, wherein at a point 412 between the collector of the transistor 400 and the resistor 418, a speed-dependent and the speed proportional voltage can be tapped.
  • phase 220 operates in regenerative mode, and the potential at point 408 is represented by the in the stator winding phase 220 induced the speed n is proportional voltage, which is added to the potential of the positive line 86, greater than the potential on the positive line 86th
  • the transistor 400 functioning as a boosting element becomes conductive, and a current flows via the resistor 410, the transistor 400 and the resistor 418 to the ground line 88.
  • This current is wavy according to the voltage induced in the stator winding phase 220. This ripple is removed by an AC negative feedback by means of the capacitor 414, so that a DC proportional to the rotor speed via the resistor 418 to the ground line 88 flows. This gives point 412 a potential proportional to the rotor speed.
  • the potential at point 412 is added via the diode 420 and the resistor 422, the diode voltage of the diode 420, and the result is fed via the output n is the operational amplifier 152, see. Fig. 11.
  • This circuit 150 operates regardless of the amount of operating voltage used 86 and a signal n is n, which is proportional to the instantaneous speed of the motor 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (33)

  1. Ventilateur avec un moteur d'entraînement (20), lequel ventilateur présente en plus de ses lignes d'alimentation (86, 88) pour l'alimentation électrique du moteur d'entraînement (20) une ligne de commande (90) par laquelle un signal (164) est amené de l'extérieur (156) à ce moteur d'entraînement (20), un dispositif (152 ; 186) conçu pour influencer la vitesse de rotation du moteur d'entraînement (20) en fonction de ce signal (164) étant associé au moteur d'entraînement (20),
    et avec un dispositif (152 ; 186) associé au moteur d'entraînement (20) pour générer un signal de défaut, lequel dispositif est activé quand une condition de défaut définie est présente,
    caractérisé par le fait que la ligne de commande (90) par laquelle un signal (164) est amené de l'extérieur (156) au moteur d'entraînement (20) est conçue pour la transmission de signaux dans les deux sens et sert aussi à transmettre vers l'extérieur le signal de défaut du dispositif (152 ; 186) associé au moteur d'entraînement (20).
  2. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le signal pouvant être amené de l'extérieur par la ligne de commande (90) est un signal de tension continue.
  3. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le signal pouvant être amené de l'extérieur par la ligne de commande (90) est un signal PWM (164).
  4. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel il est prévu un dispositif de coupure (160, 276, 282) qui est activable par la survenue d'une valeur extrême sur la ligne de commande (90) afin de couper le moteur d'entraînement (20).
  5. Ventilateur selon les revendications 3 et 4, dans lequel le signal PWM (164) amené par la ligne de commande (90) peut être amené à un diviseur de tension (276, 278, 284, 286) dans lequel un condensateur (282), dont l'état de charge est une fonction du rapport cyclique du signal PWM (164), est couplé en parallèle sur une résistance partielle (286), et le dispositif de coupure (160) est activable par une tension partielle survenant à ce diviseur de tension (276, 278, 284, 286) quand cette dernière prend une valeur définie pour une valeur extrême du rapport cyclique du signal PWM (164).
  6. Ventilateur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure (160) est activable par une valeur de la tension partielle qui survient quand la ligne de commande (90) du ventilateur est interrompue.
  7. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel il est prévu un élément de commutation (192) qui est activable par la survenue d'un défaut dans le ventilateur afin de modifier le potentiel sur la ligne de commande (90) pendant cette activation.
  8. Ventilateur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'élément de commutation (192) est activable quand le moteur (20) est coupé par la survenue d'une surtempérature.
  9. Ventilateur selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel l'élément de commutation (192) est activable quand le moteur (20) est coupé par suite d'une vitesse de rotation trop faible.
  10. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, qui est conçu de manière à ce que le moteur (20) soit périodiquement arrêté et mis en marche lors de la survenue d'une surintensité.
  11. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    avec une roue de ventilateur (46 ; 348) qui peut être entraînée par un moteur à rotor externe servant de moteur d'entraînement (20), dont le stator inteme (60 ; 362) est fixé à un moyeu (22 ; 332), lequel est lui-même relié par au moins une branche (74 ; 334) à une pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) approximativement cylindrique, entourant à distance la face externe de la roue de ventilateur (46 ; 348),
    et avec un boîtier (110 ; 322) conçu pour loger cette pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) de manière amovible, lequel est également conçu pour être fixé à un objet (136, 138).
  12. Ventilateur selon la revendication 11, dans lequel il est prévu sur le moyeu (22 ; 332) une ligne de connexion électrique (86, 88, 90 ; 364, 366, 368) pour la fixation de laquelle il est prévu au moins un élément de retenue (92, 94 ; 370, 372) sur la face externe (338) de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336), la ligne de connexion (86, 88, 90 ; 364, 366, 368) s'étendant du moyeu (22 ; 332) à la face externe de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) et audit au moins un élément de retenue (92, 94 ; 370, 372) qui y est prévu.
  13. Ventilateur selon la revendication 12, dans lequel il est prévu sur la face interne du boîtier (110 ; 322) un évidement (126 ; 380) destiné à recevoir ledit au moins un élément de retenue (92, 94 ; 370, 372) et la ligne de connexion (86, 88, 90 ; 364, 366, 368) retenue par lui.
  14. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, dans lequel il est prévu une saillie (98 ; 340) sur la face externe de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) et dans lequel il est prévu dans le boîtier (110 ; 322) un élément (120, 122, 124 ; 342, 344) pour l'enclenchement de cette saillie (98 ; 340), dans lequel cette saillie (98 ; 340) s'enclenche quand la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) se trouve dans une position définie par rapport au boîtier (110 ; 322), ou inversement.
  15. Ventilateur selon la revendication 14, dans lequel l'élément servant à l'enclenchement est formé d'un élément d'arrêt à ressort (120, 122, 124 ; 346) dans lequel la saillie (98 ; 340) peut être introduite et enclenchée par une combinaison de mouvement axial et de mouvement de rotation de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) par rapport au boîtier (110 ; 322).
  16. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, dans lequel le boîtier (110 ; 322) est pourvu d'un côté d'une grille protectrice de boîtier (112 ; 326) pour le passage de l'air.
  17. Ventilateur selon la revendication 16, dans lequel le moyeu (22 ; 332) et la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) sont pourvus d'une grille protectrice (74, 80 ; 334) d'un côté opposé à la grille protectrice de boîtier (112 ; 326),
    de telle manière que le ventilateur présente une grille protectrice des deux côtés après l'assemblage de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) et du boîtier (110 ; 322).
  18. Ventilateur selon la revendication 17, dans lequel la grille protectrice (74, 80) prévue sur le moyeu (22) et la pièce d'enveloppe (76) présente des ouvertures qui permettent le passage du bout d'un doigt pour permettre un déplacement de la pièce d'enveloppe (76) par rapport au boîtier (110) par saisie manuelle de cette grille protectrice (74, 80).
  19. Ventilateur selon la revendication 17 ou 18, dans lequel la grille protectrice (74, 80) prévue sur le moyeu (22) et la pièce d'enveloppe (76) est pourvue d'au moins un marquage (82, 84, 122) qui indique le sens d'ouverture et/ou de fermeture dans lequel la pièce d'enveloppe (76) doit être tournée par rapport au boîtier (110) pour effectuer l'opération concernée.
  20. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 11 à 19, dans lequel le boîtier (110 ; 322) présente au moins par endroits un évidement essentiellement cylindrique (114 ; 328) pour le logement amovible de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336).
  21. Ventilateur selon la revendication 20, dans lequel l'évidement globalement cylindrique (114 ; 328) présente au moins par endroits une interruption (118 ; 342) pour y permettre l'introduction d'une saillie (98 ; 340) prévue sur la face externe de la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336).
  22. Ventilateur selon la revendication 21, dans lequel l'interruption (118 ; 342) de l'évidement globalement cylindrique (114 ; 328) présente un élément d'arrêt à ressort (122, 124 ; 346) qui permet un enclenchement de la saillie (98 ; 340) prévue sur la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336) par une rotation relative entre le boîtier (110 ; 322) et la pièce d'enveloppe (76 ; 336).
  23. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 11 à 22, dans lequel le boîtier (110) présente, vu en direction axiale du ventilateur, un périmètre extérieur globalement rectangulaire et en particulier carré.
  24. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 20 à 22 et selon la revendication 24, dans lequel une section (116) du boîtier (110) formant l'évidement globalement cylindrique (114) dépasse au moins par endroits du périmètre extérieur rectangulaire.
  25. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 11 à 24, dans lequel il est prévu sur le boîtier (110) un dispositif de retenue (132) pour une fiche (96) qui est prévue sur une ligne de connexion électrique (86, 88, 90) du moteur à rotor externe (20).
  26. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, lequel présente un dispositif pour générer un signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation,
    avec au moins un enroulement (220, 222) dans lequel une tension dépendante de la vitesse de rotation est induite en fonctionnement par un rotor à aimant permanent en rotation,
    avec une diode (404, 406) pour l'extraction de l'enroulement (220, 222) d'un signal de sortie (408) influencé par la tension induite quand aucun courant d'entraînement ne circule dans celui-ci,
    et avec un dispositif d'amplification (400, 402, 410) pour amplifier le signal de sortie (408) afin de générer le signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation (412).
  27. Ventilateur selon la revendication 26, dans lequel le dispositif d'amplification présente un transistor (400) pour amplifier le signal de sortie.
  28. Ventilateur selon la revendication 26 ou 27, dans lequel il est prévu un dispositif de lissage (414) pour lisser le signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation (412).
  29. Ventilateur selon la revendication 28, dans lequel le dispositif de lissage (414) présente une contre-réaction de courant alternatif pour lisser le signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation (412).
  30. Ventilateur selon la revendication 29, dans lequel le dispositif d'amplification présente un élément d'amplification (400) et dans lequel la contre-réaction de courant alternatif (414) est réalisée par un condensateur (414) qui est prévu entre une sortie et une entrée de l'élément d'amplification.
  31. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 26 à 30, avec une résistance (418) dont une extrémité est reliée à la masse et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée au signal de sortie amplifié par le dispositif d'amplification (400, 402, 410) afin de générer le signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation à partir de la tension chutant sur la résistance (418),
  32. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 26 à 31, avec au moins deux enroulements (220, 222) à chacun desquels est associée une diode (404, 406) pour l'extraction d'un signal de sortie, les signaux de sortie étant réunis et amplifiés par un dispositif d'amplification commun.
  33. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications 26 à 32, avec une diode (420) qui élève le signal dépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la tension de diode.
EP02023117A 2001-11-26 2002-10-15 Ventilateur Expired - Lifetime EP1314894B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20119155 2001-11-26
DE20119155U 2001-11-26
DE20210846 2002-07-18
DE20210846U 2002-07-18

Publications (4)

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EP1314894A2 EP1314894A2 (fr) 2003-05-28
EP1314894A3 EP1314894A3 (fr) 2003-11-05
EP1314894B1 true EP1314894B1 (fr) 2006-05-17
EP1314894B2 EP1314894B2 (fr) 2012-05-09

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US (2) US6864653B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1314894B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE326635T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE20215697U1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030099561A1 (en) 2003-05-29
EP1314894B2 (fr) 2012-05-09
US20050077792A1 (en) 2005-04-14
ATE326635T1 (de) 2006-06-15
US7352094B2 (en) 2008-04-01
US6864653B2 (en) 2005-03-08
DE20215697U1 (de) 2003-01-02
DE50206794D1 (de) 2006-06-22
EP1314894A3 (fr) 2003-11-05
EP1314894A2 (fr) 2003-05-28

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