Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
  • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/6621—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together with special provisions for fitting in window frames or to adjacent units; Separate edge protecting strips
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
  • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
  • E06B3/66371—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit positioned entirely outside the gap between the panes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
  • E06B3/67326—Assembling spacer elements with the panes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
  • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
  • E06B2003/6638—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit with coatings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
  • E06B3/67304—Preparing rigid spacer members before assembly
  • E06B3/67321—Covering spacer elements, e.g. with sealants
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
  • E06B3/67339—Working the edges of already assembled units
  • E06B3/67356—Covering the edges with bands or profiles

Definitions

• the invention relates to insulating glazing and its manufacturing process.
• a well-known type of insulating glazing comprises two sheets of glass which are spaced apart by a blade of gas such as air and which are separated and joined by means of a spacer frame formed by hollow metal profiles folded or assembled by corner pieces.
• the profiles are lined with a molecular sieve which has the role, in particular, of absorbing the water molecules trapped in the interlayer of air at the time of the manufacture of the glazing and which would be liable to condense in cold weather, causing the appearance of fogging.
• the spacer frame is glued to the glass sheets by an elastomeric cord of the butyl rubber type applied directly to the profiles by extrusion through a nozzle. Each corner of the spacer frame is also lined at the corner piece with butyl rubber.
• the elastomeric sealing bead acts as a temporary mechanical support for the glass sheets.
• a crosslinkable sealing mastic of the polysulfide or polyurethane type is injected into the peripheral groove delimited by the two glass sheets and the spacer frame, which completes the mechanical assembly of the glass sheets.
• the main role of butyl rubber is to seal the interior of the glazing with water vapor, while the sealant provides sealing against liquid water or solvents.
• a drawback posed by such manufacture is that of the storage of materials. In order to be operational for any new order placed for insulating glazing, numerous batches of each material must be available, which does not contribute to simple and rapid management as regards the supply and storage of these materials.
• the object of the invention is therefore to obviate these drawbacks by proposing an insulating glazing whose choice of materials makes it possible to facilitate the management of their manufacturing flow and to simplify the mounting operations.
• the insulating glazing which comprises, at least two sheets of glass spaced apart by a gas slide, an interlayer serving to space the two sheets of glass and having an internal face opposite the gas slide and an external face opposite, as well as sealing means vis-à-vis the interior of said glazing, is characterized in that the interlayer is in the form of a substantially flat profile which surrounds the periphery of the glazing by being pressed by its internal face against the edges of the glass sheets, and kept fixed by securing means.
• This type of profile and its arrangement on the edges of the glazing have in particular the advantage of increasing visibility through the glazing since the interlayer is no longer visible at the periphery.
• the sealing means of the glazing which have sealing properties against gases, dust and liquid water, are arranged at least on the external face of the interlayer.
• These sealing means consist of a metallic coating, preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum, which has a thickness of between 2 and 50 ⁇ m.
• the interlayer is based on thermoplastic material reinforced or not with reinforcing fibers such as cut or continuous glass fibers.
• the interlayer has a linear buckling resistance of at least 400 N / m.
• the interlayer must have a thickness of at least 0.1 mm when it is made entirely of stainless steel, of at least 0.15 mm when it is made entirely of aluminum, and d '' at least 0.25 mm when made of thermoplastic material reinforced with reinforcing fibers.
• the means for securing the interlayer against the glazing are impermeable to water, they are constituted by an adhesive of the glue type which withstands tear stresses of at least 0.45 Mpa.
• the free ends of the interlayer are assembled to surround the whole of the glazing so that one of the ends covers the other, complementary sealing means being provided for closing the lateral sections made open by the recovery.
• the free ends of the interlayer in order to surround the entire glazing, have complementary shapes adapted to cooperate with each other in order to assemble them according to a connection.
• An adhesive tape or glue that is gas- and vapor-tight will preferably be applied to the abutment area.
• the two sheets of glass are kept parallel and spaced apart;
• the inner face of the interlayer is fitted with means for securing against the edges of the glass sheets over the entire periphery of the glazing; - Is applied almost instantly during the establishment of the interlayer pressure means on the outer face of the interlayer so as to ensure the adhesion of the interlayer with the edges of the glass sheets; and
• the two ends of the interlayer are joined together.
• the interlayer is presented before its installation in the form of a wound ribbon which is intended to be unrolled, stretched and cut to the length corresponding substantially to the perimeter of the glazing, while the securing means of the type glue are deposited on the stretched tape by injection means.
• the desiccant is deposited on the stretching tape during the application of the joining means.
• the insertion of the interlayer is carried out by applying it by compression at a starting point and against the edges of a first side of the glazing, the belting being effected from this point priming and the establishment of the ribbon on the corners of the glazing being carried out by previously heating the external face of the interlayer in order to assist in its folding around the angles and to conform perfectly to their outline.
• the priming point is located in the middle of the side of the glazing so as to apply and compress the interlayer simultaneously in two opposite directions to surround the perimeter of the glazing in two halves of the perimeter, which saves manufacturing time.
• the starting point may be located rather at a corner of the glazing.
• the insertion of the interlayer is carried out by applying two ribbons by compression at two priming points using distribution and compression means, and the belt s' performs from these starting points by translational movements of the glazing and / or distribution means.
• all the glazing manufacturing operations can be carried out in a chamber filled with the gas to be contained in the glazing.
• a gas supply device which is inserted between the two sheets of glass to deliver gas while the glazing is being belted, and which is removed just before the belt is finished.
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an insulating glazing according to the invention
• FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic elevation view of the device for manufacturing the glazing
• Figure 3 shows Figure 2 during a step of the manufacturing process
• Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the assembly of the two free ends of the interlayer of the invention after complete surround of the glazing
• Figures 5a to 5c illustrate an alternative embodiment of the glazing belt.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a simple insulating glazing 1 obtained by a manufacturing process which will be described below with regard to its device visible in FIG. 2.
• the glazing 1 comprises two sheets of glass 10 and 11 spaced apart by a gas blade 12, a spacer 2 which is used to space the two sheets of glass and has for the role of ensuring the mechanical maintenance of the whole of the glazing, as well as of sealing means 3 intended to make the glazing waterproof to liquid water, to solvents and to water vapor.
• the interlayer 2 is in the form of a substantially flat profile about 1 mm thick and of substantially parallelepiped section.
• This profile advantageously has a low mechanical inertia, that is to say that it can be easily wound by having a small winding radius of 10 cm for example.
• the profile surrounds the periphery of the glazing. It is arranged in the manner of a ribbon on the edges 10a and 11a of the glass sheets and guarantees the mechanical assembly of the glazing by means of fastening means 4 which ensure its total adhesion to the glass.
• the profile is rigid enough to perform the mechanical holding function of the two spaced glass sheets. Its rigidity is defined by the very nature of its constituent material, the linear buckling resistance of which must be at least 400 N / m.
• the nature of the material of said profile is also chosen so that during the glazing manufacturing process, the profile can have sufficient flexibility for the operation of belting of the glass slices, in particular during the planking angles.
• the interlayer is entirely metallic, the material chosen preferably being stainless steel or else aluminum.
• the planking of the angles is carried out by folding using machines well known to those skilled in the art specialized in the transformation of metallic materials.
• the interlayer In order to guarantee a minimum linear buckling resistance of 400N / m, the interlayer must have a thickness of at least 0.1 mm for stainless steel, and 0.15 mm for aluminum.
• the interlayer 2 is based on plastic material reinforced or not with cut or continuous reinforcing fibers.
• a material can be acrylonitrile styrene (SAN) associated with cut glass fibers, marketed for example under the name LURAN ⁇ by the company BASF, or else polypropylene. reinforced with continuous glass fibers, sold under the name TWINTEX ⁇ by the company VETROTEX.
• SAN acrylonitrile styrene
• the planking of the angles of the glazing operated by folding after softening of the material is carried out more easily than with an entirely metallic material.
• the desiccant can be a molecular sieve such as powdered zeolite, the proportion of which can reach up to 20% by mass or approximately 10% by volume. The quantity of the desiccant depends on the lifespan that we want to assign to the glazing.
• the plastic material is much less conductive of heat than metal, the thermal insulation of the whole of the glazing is only better when the glazing is for example exposed to strong sunlight.
• this results in a coefficient of thermal expansion of the material which is much lower than that of a pure plastic and which becomes close to the coefficient of glass, which generates, during thermal variation of the gas slide, less shear force on the securing means 4.
• the interlayer 2 has a thickness of at least 0.25 mm when made of thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers.
• the width of the interlayer 2 is adapted to the total thickness of the glazing which can be multiple by comprising several sheets of glass spaced apart by gas blades.
• the interlayer of the invention requires knowledge only of the total width of the glazing and not of the separation distances of the glass sheets.
• the separation distances for multiple glazing may vary, which necessarily means, in the case of the use of dividers in accordance with those of the state of the art, to have available for the manufacture of glazing several dividers for the different separations, and different widths of dividers according to the separation distances.
• the interlayer or the profile 2 comprises an internal face 20 and an opposite external face 21, the internal face 20 being intended to be pressed, and held, by its edges in the case of a simple insulating glazing, against the edges 10a and 11 has glass sheets thanks to the securing means 4.
• the internal face 20 of the profile has in its central part 22 and facing the gas plate 12 the properties of those of a desiccant which aims to absorb the water molecules which can be trapped in the gas plate .
• These desiccant properties can result from the nature of the interlayer material, the very composition of which incorporates a molecular sieve.
• the drying element will rather be obtained by depositing a molecular sieve on the central part 22 before the insertion of the interlayer on the edges of the glazing, as we will see in the following description.
• the edges of the internal face 20 are covered with an adhesive which constitutes the joining means 4.
• the adhesive is of the glue type; it is impermeable to gases and water vapor.
• Tests carried out in accordance with the American standard ASTM 96-63T on samples of adhesive 1.5 mm thick have shown that an adhesive having a coefficient of permeability to water vapor of 35 g / 24h.m 2 such that silicone is suitable.
• an adhesive having a permeability coefficient of 4 g / 24h.m 2 like polyurethane, or even lower, is more suitable because the seal being further improved, a lesser amount of desiccant is then to be expected.
• the adhesive must also resist takeoff by liquid water, by ultraviolet rays as well as by the pulls which can be exerted perpendicular to the faces of the glazing and commonly called shear stresses, and by the pulls exerted parallel to the force of the weight. glazing.
• a satisfactory adhesive must withstand peel stresses of at least 0.45 MPa.
• the adhesive has fast bonding properties, of the order of a few seconds; it is an adhesive which sets by chemical reaction, activated or not by heat or by pressure, or else is carried out by cooling if the adhesive is made of a material hot-melt of the hot-melt type, for example based on polyurethane crosslinkable with air humidity.
• the outer face 21 of the reinforced plastic interlayer is covered with a metallic protective coating 21 a of the strip type of aluminum or stainless steel having a thickness of between 2 and 50 ⁇ m, this coating constituting the sealing means 3
• a metallic protective coating 21 a of the strip type of aluminum or stainless steel having a thickness of between 2 and 50 ⁇ m, this coating constituting the sealing means 3
• the strip in particular when it is made of stainless steel, effectively protects the profile against abrasion, for example during its handling or transport. Finally, it promotes heat exchange with the thermoplastic when it comes to softening the latter during the manufacturing process.
• the metal covering 21a could be wide enough to cover the external face 21 and be folded over the edges of the internal face 20.
• the manufacturing process will now be described by focusing on the preferred embodiment of the invention using a spacer based on reinforced thermoplastic material.
• the glass sheets 10 and 11 are conveyed on edge by usual means to a chamber capable of enclosing the gas to be introduced into the glazing.
• the glass sheets 10 and 11 are maintained at the desired spacing by means of suction cups arranged on the external faces of the glazing and controlled by pneumatic cylinders.
• FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the device for manufacturing the glazing enclosed in chamber C.
• a reel 50 constitutes the magazine of the profile 2 which is unrolled and stretched, using a non-visible stretching device, in the form of a ribbon which is cut to a length equivalent to the perimeter of the glazing, the width of the ribbon corresponding to the total thickness of the glazing.
• the adhesive 4 is deposited using injection means 51, such as a nozzle, on the internal face 20 of the tape intended to be applied to the edge of the glazing.
• injection means 51 such as a nozzle
• the strip comprises the desiccant inherently on its internal face, the desiccant having been incorporated in the form of powder or granules in the reinforced thermoplastic material during the manufacture of the profile.
• At least one pressure roller 54 controlled by an articulated arm not shown performs the application and compression of the tape 2 against the edge of the glazing 1 over its entire perimeter.
• two rollers 54 will preferably be provided which will be driven in two opposite directions and will simultaneously plank two halves of the perimeter.
• Heating means 55 such as two heating wire resistances are provided for heating the profile before it is folded and applied at the corners of the glazing.
• the operation of the device is as follows.
• the two glass sheets 10, 11 kept apart are positioned fixed in the center of the chamber C.
• the two pressure rollers 54 are brought into contact with the ribbon to apply the latter at a midpoint on the lower horizontal side of the glazing. Once the ribbon is pressed against the edge of the glazing, the planking is started at this midpoint which thus ensures the tensioning of the ribbon.
• rollers 54 then progress in opposite directions towards the lower left 13 and right 14 corners of the glazing. Before approaching the turn of the two angles 13 and 14, the rollers 54 are stopped momentarily while the heating wires 55 are arranged downstream of the rollers, close to and facing the metal strip 21a of the profile to heat the thermoplastic material intended to be applied against the angles ( Figure 3).
• the pressure rollers 54 finish bordering the last side of the glazing. Approaching the middle of this last side, one of the rollers is stopped while the other roller continues to crush the profile until the free end 23 of the profile associated with this roller in operation covers the 'other end 24 of the profile in place ( Figure 4). The belt operation is then completed, the pressure rollers 54 are released from the glazing.
• complementary sealing means such as glue are injected so as to seal these said sections. 25.
• An assembly variant not illustrated of the two ends of the ribbon may consist not of covering them but of abutting them to one another when they include complementary shapes adapted to cooperate with each other, in the manner of a tenon and a mortise.
• glue or a gas-tight and water-vapor-tight adhesive tape such as stainless steel adhesive tape will be added to the butting area.
• junction of the two ends of the strip is carried out on one of the sides of the glazing, it is also possible as a variant to make this junction at an angle of the glazing.
• two heads 56a, 56b for dispensing the tape 2 can be provided, respectively a fixed and a vertically movable head, each associated with a pressure roller 54, the glazing being able to be translated horizontally.
• the glazing entered into the chamber C which is not illustrated here, is arranged between the position ⁇ corresponding to the front of the glazing and the position ⁇ corresponding to the rear of the glazing.
• the movable head 56b starts from a lower angle of the glazing corresponding to the position ⁇ , and is actuated upwards to follow the front vertical side of the glazing.
• the head 56b pivots 90 ° and is immobilized, the two heads then being opposite.
• the glazing is then translated from left to right, that is to say that the rear of the glazing passes from position ⁇ to position ⁇ , so as to simultaneously belt the horizontal sides of the glazing by each respectively heads (Figure 5b).
• the rear of the glazing is immobilized in position ⁇ , and the vertical side is surrounded by the movable head having pivoted 90 ° at the upper corner of the glazing to descend to the lower corner ( Figure 5c).
• the two ribbons are joined together in the lower corners of the glazing by overlapping or by abutment.
• This combination of translation movements of the glazing and at least one tape dispensing head saves time for encircling the glazing.
• this combination of movements and the use of the profile of the invention makes it possible to surround complex forms of glazing which for example have curved edges with concave and / or convex shapes.
• Another variant of filling the gas to be contained in the glazing can be envisaged.
• a gas supply device such as a pipe which is inserted between the two glasses and which delivers gas as the edges of the glazing are belted and sealed. The device is removed just before closing the last side of the glazing.
• the profile of the invention has a generally flat and parallelepiped shape, however alternative embodiments are possible. It can for example be envisaged to provide the internal face 20 of the profile opposite to that comprising the metal covering, with centering and positioning means such as longitudinal projections or lugs distributed regularly along two longitudinal lines spaced apart by a width equivalent to the separation of the two glass sheets so as to guide and suitably position the profile against the edge of the glazing, the projections or pins being inserted inside the glazing and being pressed against the internal walls.
• centering and positioning means such as longitudinal projections or lugs distributed regularly along two longitudinal lines spaced apart by a width equivalent to the separation of the two glass sheets so as to guide and suitably position the profile against the edge of the glazing, the projections or pins being inserted inside the glazing and being pressed against the internal walls.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2000
  • 2000-04-13 FR FR0005012A patent/FR2807783B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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