EP1263549B1 - Reinigungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für hochspannungsführende anlagenteile - Google Patents

Reinigungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für hochspannungsführende anlagenteile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1263549B1
EP1263549B1 EP01923519A EP01923519A EP1263549B1 EP 1263549 B1 EP1263549 B1 EP 1263549B1 EP 01923519 A EP01923519 A EP 01923519A EP 01923519 A EP01923519 A EP 01923519A EP 1263549 B1 EP1263549 B1 EP 1263549B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
jet
pressure
cleaning device
pressure gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01923519A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1263549A1 (de
Inventor
Paul-Eric Preising
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP1263549A1 publication Critical patent/EP1263549A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
    • B24C3/322—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for electrical components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y10T137/0324—With control of flow by a condition or characteristic of a fluid
    • Y10T137/0329—Mixing of plural fluids of diverse characteristics or conditions
    • Y10T137/0352—Controlled by pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning method and a cleaning device for system parts that have an electrical Lead high voltage.
  • Components in systems of electrical energy supply such as e.g. in substations and switchgear get dirty over time due to operational, environmental or special influences (e.g. Fires).
  • the contamination or buildup is complete of different nature: they range from only loosely adhering dust-like contamination of inorganic or organic Nature, about oils, fats liquid films and so-called Biofilms from fungi and algae (especially in open air systems) down to almost burned-in residues Metals, metal oxides and carbon, e.g. at Arcing or arcing.
  • Chemical cleaning procedures are based on exposure of a cleaning agent that adheres to the component Dirt particles are subjected to a chemical reaction and thereby detach from the component. Cleaning procedures that usually work with chemical cleaning agents also liquid or solid residues, depending on the nature pose a risk to the operational safety of a plant. You can e.g. even as a kind of pollution act, and affect the insulation effect of system parts or favor the corrosion of plant components. Therefore, the cleaning agents themselves usually have to be used again elaborately removed what the cleaning process complicated and time consuming.
  • Mechanical cleaning processes also include Also the particle beam process, e.g. the sandblasting. Most of these processes (more precisely with most of the abrasives used) strong abrasive effect on the surface of the surface to be cleaned Parts are affected.
  • dry ice particles are a certain exception as abrasive particles from carbon dioxide in solid phase, e.g. from the German patent applications DE 195 44 906 A1 and DE 196 24 652 A1 is known. Dry ice particles are quite soft (they have about that Hardness of plaster) and therefore do not damage the surface. In the meantime, the use of dry ice as an abrasive quite common for cleaning purposes. Besides, will a cleaning effect not only through the kinetic energy of the impacting dry ice particles but also through other factors. This is how the dry ice particles sublimate either on impact or immediately after. The they withdraw relatively high heat of sublimation thereby the point of impact, resulting in a strong local cooling the impact surface or the one adhering to it Pollution.
  • a big advantage of cleaning processes with dry ice is especially in the fact that the dry ice particles completely and residue-free to carbon dioxide in the gaseous state sublimate. This means no additional contaminated Amounts of waste. The only waste is volume the removed and removed dirt particles and impurities dispose.
  • the devices and processes are suitable for cleaning Dry ice particles, such as those from e.g. from the two before documents cited are not known directly to Cleaning of high voltage systems that have not been activated since neither device nor personal protection against high voltage consists.
  • the cleaning staff too strong the approach the system to be cleaned, so that there is a risk of high voltage flashover consists.
  • Another point of danger is that also those for Transport of the dry ice particles used compressed air Contains moisture that creates a certain conductivity and thereby both the cleaning staff as well the cleaning device is endangered.
  • the second problem is the removed dirt particles
  • the dry ice is not simply "snow" over the system sprayed but hits with high kinetic Energy dissolves on the surfaces to be cleaned and dissolves there the dirt particles.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a cleaning method and a cleaning device to be used for this to create, which make it possible to plant parts that lead high voltage, simple and for the Operator and the plant safe way of contamination and Clean build-up without the corresponding parts of the system would have to be unlocked.
  • the heart of every device for cleaning with The jet generator forms the dry ice particles cleaning two-phase jet consisting of the compressed gas as Carrier medium and the carried dry ice particles generated. The following will simplify the particle beam spoken.
  • Fig. 1 shows a beam generator as it is from the prior art Technology is known and also as part of the invention device can be used.
  • a compressed gas is supplied via the compressed gas line DGL (e.g. a hose), Dry ice particles TP via the particle line PL.
  • the Compressed gas emerges from a nozzle DÜ into the blasting chamber SK. Due to the greatly increased flow velocity of the Pressurized gas creates a negative pressure in the blasting chamber SK, which leads to the dry ice particles TP over the particle line PL sucked in, torn into the compressed gas jet and be carried along by him.
  • the particle beam PS Comes from compressed gas as a carrier medium and dry ice particles then through the beam outlet opening SA to the outside.
  • Fig. 1 there is a short piece of pipe SF for beam guidance.
  • the end of the pipe section SF forms the beam outlet opening.
  • the length of the pipe section SF can vary also on the material thickness of the wall of the blasting chamber SK reduce, i.e. it is almost completely eliminated.
  • non-live components can the one emerging from the beam outlet opening SA Particle jet now simply on the component to be cleaned are directed there and causes the cleaning process described.
  • the cleaning staff holds the Beam generator SG on the handle HG (located on the handle there is also a DGS pressure gas switch with which the Compressed gas supply and thus the jet generation on and can be switched off and any additional control elements for pressure and gas volume adjustment) and aligns it on the surfaces to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning staff but within a few centimeters of the one to be cleaned Approach component - with high-voltage system components a life-threatening because of the risk of electric shock Undertaking. This applies even more than the beam generators according to the prior art a metallic and thus have a conductive housing.
  • beam generators are suitable.
  • This also includes beam generators, which also has a tangential acceleration the dry ice particles cause.
  • a beam generator is e.g. known from PCT application WO 99/43470.
  • Another suitable form of a beam generator known to the person skilled in the art contains a mixing device in which a feed device (e.g. in the form of a screw conveyor) dry ice particles in the supplied through a compressed air line Compressed air flow injected.
  • a transport hose guides it like this generated two-phase flow from compressed gas and dry ice particles u. U. over a relatively long distance to the actual Blasting gun, at the front end of which is the blasting outlet SA is located.
  • the blasting gun then only has still the task of enabling the operating personnel To direct the beam onto a workpiece and the beam if necessary on or off.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that instead of two separate compressed gas and particle lines only a single transport hose is required for the two-phase current is.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the invention Contraption.
  • a particle beam system according to the state of the art Technology such as is described in DE 19544906 A1.
  • the required compressed gas i.e. a pressurized gas Gas
  • DGG internal pressure gas generator
  • DGA external compressed gas connection
  • the preferred pressure gas is preferred for reasons of cost Compressed air used. In principle, it also comes any other particularly inert gases such as e.g. nitrogen or argon.
  • the dry ice particles come from one Dry ice storage container TV via the particle line to Beam generator SG. You can already use the dry ice particles prefabricated e.g. obtain as rice grain-sized particles and then fill into the dry ice storage container TV. Indeed there is also the possibility of only immediately To generate place. This can be done, for example, by adiabatic expansion of carbon dioxide gas happen. Appropriate Possibilities for this are known to the person skilled in the art and need not be discussed further here.
  • the device contains a particle generator in addition to or instead of the dry ice storage container TV. It is also possible to remove the dry ice particles from the Dry ice storage container TV still to be worked on, for example to grind particularly small or sharp-edged particles, before they get to the beam generator. Appropriate procedures and arrangements for this are e.g. from document DE 19636304 A1 known. The components shown so far are located with the exception of the beam generator (according to FIG. 1) as in Fig. 2 only indicated on a common equipment carrier.
  • the device described corresponds to one conventional cleaning device.
  • the big problem one conventional arrangement is that the small Working distance a strong approach of the cleaning staff to the system to be cleaned and under high voltage required, whereby the electrical personal protection no longer is guaranteed.
  • a kind of electrically insulating Lance L as a spacer at one end of which actual beam generator SG is attached.
  • On the other end there is a handle HG for holding and guiding the Lance L.
  • the lance L itself must be electrically insulating. she therefore preferably consists of a plastic with high dielectric strength such as polycarbonate. Hygroscopic plastics such as Are nylon less suitable. However, it is not absolutely necessary that the lance L is made entirely of an insulating material exists, it is generally sufficient if at least one of the Isolation section corresponding to the voltage applied to cleaning is available.
  • the length of the lance L or more precisely said the distance between the handle HG and the beam outlet SA is dimensioned so that it is at least equal to that of the high-voltage system part to be maintained equivalent. The required safety distance depends on the environmental conditions and especially the Of the applied electrical voltage. In Germany the required safety clearances are in the VDE regulation VDE 0105 specified.
  • Demmach is currently Status of those to be observed by a 400 kV system Distance 3.40 m. Taking into account the length of the handle HG becomes a lance for such a system choose about 4 m in length. In addition to the lance with this Arrangement of course also the pressure gas line DGL and Particle line PL to be electrically insulating, as it is in the immediate vicinity of the beam outlet opening SA are located. If you use plastic hoses as feed lines, so this shouldn't be a problem.
  • the gas pressure switch DGS can with this device are of course not directly on the beam generator SG. It is usefully in the compressed gas line on the handle HG relocated so that the cleaning staff the jet generator SG can control without having to take your hand off the handle HG would have to take.
  • the device serves primarily as a spacer Lance L also acts as a feed for the compressed gas and / or the dry ice particles to the jet generator SG.
  • the lance As a tube or double tube and Then pressurized gas and / or the via this pipe or these pipes Feed dry ice particles to the jet generator.
  • the Attachment of the DGS pressure gas switch to the HG handle making it even easier, of course.
  • the integration at least one of the leads to the beam generator in the as a spacer Lance L used has the advantage of being less Weight and easier handling of the cleaning device.
  • FIG. 2 Another preferred modification of the invention Cleaning device is already shown in Fig. 2.
  • the Beam generator SG and the beam outlet opening SA are namely arranged so that the beam direction is not easy is to be regarded as an extension of the lance L.
  • the beam direction and are the preferred direction of the spacer so not collinear.
  • This angle of the beam direction Facilitates cleaning in systems that are not common to all Pages are accessible.
  • the backs of the high-voltage cables can also be turned 90 ° Clean components from the front.
  • the angle is about adjust a lockable swivel and so the respective Cleaning case can be adjusted.
  • Cleaning device is as shown in Fig. 3 not use a lance as a spacer, but on the beam generator SG according to FIG. 1 becomes a continuous Length of the beam guiding tube slightly widening in a funnel shape SFR placed so that the beam outlet opening SA now through the front end of the beam guide tube SFR is formed.
  • This beam guide tube that of an electrically insulating material, preferably a plastic such as polycarbonate, so acts as Spacing means. Its length must be at least that safety distance required for the high voltage present correspond.
  • the beam guide tube SFR leads the from Beam generator SG generated particle beam, i.e.
  • a beam deflection or deflection be provided to also covert areas of the System parts to clean.
  • the further development of the cleaning method according to the invention sees a monitoring of moisture in the ambient air and / or in compressed gas or in Particle beam before.
  • predetermined limit values are exceeded for the moisture, the actual cleaning process not recorded at all or canceled immediately (this can, for example, by an interruption of the compressed gas supply done) or the system to be cleaned immediately switched off.
  • the required limit values depend in particular on the height of the adjacent High voltage from. Investigations have e.g. shown that a 400 kV system in any case safely with a relative Air humidity (ambient air) cleaned below 80% can be.
  • Pressurized gas connection DGA and the particle beam behind the Beam outlet opening can be measured.
  • the compressed gas is in a different pressure state and therefore has a different moisture value. Between the values but there is a clear connection, so that the corresponding Limit values can be converted into each other.
  • 1 has a cleaning device Compressed gas moisture sensor DFS arranged here in the compressed gas supply. The structure and mode of operation of such sensors can relevant literature are taken and is the expert known. If the set limit is exceeded again the cleaning process canceled or not at all just added.
  • the compressed gas humidity sensor DFS can do this Shut off the compressed gas supply using valve V.
  • a compressed gas moisture sensor DFS in the compressed gas supply has the Another advantage is that it is independent of security aspects the humidity of the supplied compressed gas continuously can be monitored. Excessive humidity in the compressed gas can namely cause the dry ice particles to cake and clump together. At best this will only the cleaning effect deteriorates, in the worst case May cause temporary constipation and blockage of the Transport routes for the dry ice particles come.
  • a control of the compressed gas supply e.g. via a Solenoid valve
  • An ambient air humidity sensor can be used to measure the humidity of the ambient air UFS are in the order of the also valve V when the humidity limit value is exceeded closes.
  • step dew point sensors instead of the previously mentioned moisture sensors, of course always also step dew point sensors.
  • too monitoring for condensing water vapor i.e. the The formation of dew can be provided. This would correspond to that a relative humidity of 100% as a limit.
  • this measurement can also be a temperature measurement can be supplemented by a more precise determination of the moisture limit value to enable.
  • the beam guide tube is heated to this creates a film of moisture due to superficial condensation to avoid.
  • the insulation properties of the spacer e.g. e.g. Resistance, impedance or dielectric strength
  • Fig. 3 shows a corresponding modified spacer.
  • the impedance measurement can be carried out before the actual cleaning process or at regular intervals in between or take place continuously. Alternatively you can only with one preferably in the middle of the spacer attached electrode IME1 work with the system ground connected is.
  • the leakage current over this first Electrode IME1 is a good measure of the insulation properties of the spacer. If one is exceeded predetermined threshold value (or falling below at a Impedance or resistance measurement) can then be a controller either issue a warning to the operating personnel or but an emergency shutdown of the cleaning device or of the system to be cleaned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP01923519A 2000-03-15 2001-03-15 Reinigungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für hochspannungsführende anlagenteile Expired - Lifetime EP1263549B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10012426 2000-03-15
DE10012426 2000-03-15
PCT/DE2001/000994 WO2001068323A1 (de) 2000-03-15 2001-03-15 Reinigungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für hochspannungsführende anlagenteile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1263549A1 EP1263549A1 (de) 2002-12-11
EP1263549B1 true EP1263549B1 (de) 2003-08-06

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EP01923519A Expired - Lifetime EP1263549B1 (de) 2000-03-15 2001-03-15 Reinigungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für hochspannungsführende anlagenteile

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6863594B2 (es)
EP (1) EP1263549B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE246570T1 (es)
DE (3) DE50100469D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2204853T3 (es)
WO (1) WO2001068323A1 (es)

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DE102010036295A1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Elektrisch über ein Netzspannungsanschluss betreibbares Gerät
EP2612538B1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2016-12-07 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH Elektrisch über einen netzspannungsanschluss betreibbares gerät
CN107769051A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2018-03-06 国网新疆电力公司电力科学研究院 电力设备除雪装置
CN107769051B (zh) * 2017-10-13 2019-08-06 国网新疆电力公司电力科学研究院 电力设备除雪装置

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US20030104764A1 (en) 2003-06-05
WO2001068323A1 (de) 2001-09-20
US6863594B2 (en) 2005-03-08
DE10112889A1 (de) 2001-10-18
EP1263549A1 (de) 2002-12-11
DE20104654U1 (de) 2001-09-13
ES2204853T3 (es) 2004-05-01
ATE246570T1 (de) 2003-08-15

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