EP1255088B1 - Agencement d'arc portant et procédé pour sa construction - Google Patents

Agencement d'arc portant et procédé pour sa construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1255088B1
EP1255088B1 EP02008499A EP02008499A EP1255088B1 EP 1255088 B1 EP1255088 B1 EP 1255088B1 EP 02008499 A EP02008499 A EP 02008499A EP 02008499 A EP02008499 A EP 02008499A EP 1255088 B1 EP1255088 B1 EP 1255088B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
wall
bearing
blocks
springer
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02008499A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1255088A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus-Detlef Kassau
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Refratechnik Holding GmbH
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Refratechnik Holding GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/02—Crowns; Roofs
    • F27D1/025—Roofs supported around their periphery, e.g. arched roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a supporting arch structure, in particular for Vault of industrial furnaces, such as lime shaft furnaces, according to the generic term of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method of manufacture a supporting arch according to the preamble of claim 21.
  • Arch constructions or supporting arch constructions are in constructive area, especially in building with shaped bodies or shaped blocks wherever below an area a cavity is present and the load is above the cavity lying structure or masonry on the cavity laterally bounding walls or pillars must be derived. Since the time of the Romans there have been many sacral ones secular structures with the help of supporting arches or vaults Overvoltage of cavities with roofs or intermediate floors achieved or bridges created with it. The vaults or arches can reach considerable spans and guide them their apex or the vaulted forces laterally into the masonry or auxiliary structures such as columns and pillars.
  • Arches and supporting arches are also becoming more different in industrial furnace construction Span applied to an oven cavity create, which is covered with further cavities or masonry can be.
  • vaults or supporting arch constructions it is common for vaults or supporting arch constructions to be set up in such a way that initially an educational form is created, for example from wood, on which the Supporting arch or stones forming the vault from two sides bricked in opposite direction to the vertex up to the vertex become.
  • keystone inserted, against which all sides in domes, in supporting arches or barrel-shaped vaults on two sides of the supporting arch supports its two opposing sections. Subsequently the educational arch can be removed and the vault or the Supporting arch is free.
  • EP 0 862 034 B1 also describes a keystone set for Vault made of refractory stones, consisting of two form-fitting adapter stones that can be connected to the refractory stones and known a wedge-shaped keystone, the wedge-shaped Keystone in the space to be closed between the adapter stones is axially applicable and the adapter blocks and Keystone are inserted into a grout grout.
  • this known construction will be in the installed state mutually supported connecting surfaces of the adapter blocks and the keystone as flat, step-free surfaces, grooves are arranged in these surfaces, which follow each other the insertion of the keystone to an axially open face Complement the channel so that the channels have one end face each insertable solid coupling rod made of a non-alloyed Pick up carbon steel.
  • a Keystone sets or a supporting arch is disadvantageous in that the Supporting arch by filling foreign materials both is chemically and materially inhomogeneous and in particular the coupling rods can burn out in use, so that there is no permanent stability.
  • DE-OS 21 19 051 proposes for the vaulted brick lining of rotary kilns so-called wedge stones, the inclined have wedge-shaped projections in their side walls.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a supporting arch structure, which results in a simply constructed supporting arch, lighter and can be assembled with less effort and a higher load-bearing capacity has known as arches.
  • the task is carried out with a supporting arch structure with the characteristics of Claim 1 solved.
  • the task is accomplished with a method of making a support arch solved with the features of claim 10.
  • a supporting arch is formed by a uniform one Stone format trained, d. H. there are no separate adapters or keystones needed.
  • the stone formats of the supporting arch construction according to the invention have a specially designed contour with one step, which has a shape and a ramp angle, which is has surprisingly turned out to be particularly stable statically.
  • the method according to the invention provides for the arch of one Abutment stone from beyond the apex and the last stone is the abutment wölber or fighter stone, the resting on the other opposite abutment stone.
  • This has the advantage that the over a repair masonry lying in the supporting arch in most cases doesn't need to be broken out at all because at the point where the fighter stone is used, usually between there is a gap between this stone and the upper masonry, which is filled with mortar.
  • a supporting arch structure 1 according to the invention (FIGS. 1, 2) has two opposing abutment stones or elements 2, each an abutment vault resting on the abutment stones 2 3 or fighter stone 3 and between the fighter stones 3 den Support arch 4, which consists of a plurality of similar support arch stones 5 is formed.
  • the abutment stones 2 are essentially cuboid and have a bottom wall 6, a rear wall 7, a Top wall 8, two side walls 9 and a front or Bearing wall 10 on.
  • the front or bearing wall 10 has adjacent to the bottom wall 6 is a narrow one, to the rear wall 7 parallel wall section 11. Above the wall section 11 extends a bearing surface 12 in a predetermined Angle at an angle to the rear wall 7 and closes with the ceiling wall 8 from.
  • the bearing surface 12 of the bearing wall 10 is flat educated.
  • a fighting stone 3 is mounted on the bearing surface 12.
  • the fighter stone 3 has a bearing wall 15, one of the bearing walls 15 opposite support wall 16, two parallel, these connecting side walls 17 and a ceiling wall 18th and a bottom wall 19.
  • the fighter stone 3 is slightly wedge-shaped, whereby the fighter stone 3 from its top wall 18 to the bottom wall 19 tapered.
  • the support wall 16 has a contour that is used to the next supporting arch stone 5 a defined, the location to achieve the positive locking of the stones.
  • the contour consists for example of a paragraph 20 or a Step 20 in the support wall 16 (Fig. 4, 6).
  • the fighting stone 3 narrows to Bottom wall 19 down.
  • the stage 20 has an arched arch Course and extends approximately from the middle of a side wall 17 to the opposite side wall 17, the Step 20 (Fig. 1) is curved down to the bottom wall 19.
  • the step 20 runs obliquely or inclined, the step 20 has a ramp angle ⁇ which is 30 ° to 60 °, in particular 45 ° is.
  • the actual supporting arch 4 is made from the supporting arch stones 5 educated.
  • the supporting arch stones 5 are wedge-shaped, with a front support wall 25 and a rear support wall 26, from a common ceiling wall 27 to a common Bottom wall 28 run towards each other. Also owns the support arch stone 5 two the front and rear support wall 25, 26 connecting flat side walls 29.
  • the front support wall 25 and rear support wall 26 each have a contour on.
  • the contour of the support wall 25 has, for example Level 30, which extends obliquely at the angle ⁇ . With the Level 30, the supporting arch stone 5 tapers from the ceiling wall 27 to the bottom wall 28 in steps.
  • Level 30 is corresponding the level 20 of the fighting stone 3 is formed and runs arched like an arch and thus extends approximately from the middle of a side wall 29 to the opposite side wall 29, the step 30 down to the bottom wall 28 is concave.
  • the rear support wall 26 also has a contour, the contour of the rear support wall 26, for example there is a step 31 which extends obliquely at the angle ⁇ . With level 31 the supporting arch stone 5 expands from the top wall 27 to the bottom wall 28 step-like.
  • the Step 31 is arched and preferably extends at level 30 from one side wall 29 to the opposite Side wall 29, the level 31 corresponding to level 30 in the direction of the bottom wall 28 convex runs.
  • the level 20 and the level 31 are corresponding trained together that a on the fighter stone 3rd supporting arch stone 5 with its rear supporting wall 26 rests on the support wall 16, the step 20 in the step 31 engages positively and the ceiling wall 18 and the Bottom wall 19 of the fighting stone 3 with the top wall 27 and the bottom wall 28 of the subsequent supporting arch stone 5 closes.
  • the side walls 17 of the fighting stone 3 and Side walls 29 of the supporting arch stone 5 run here alignment.
  • the contours of the rear support wall 26 and the front supporting wall 25 of the supporting arch stones 5 correspond in such a way that the supporting arch stones also with the Side walls flush and with top and bottom walls are finally interlocked.
  • the wedge shape of defined wedge shape results in an arc of defined length and span.
  • the first fighting stone 3 opposite is on the opposite abutment block a second fighter stone 3 is arranged, which of the contour the support wall 16 ago, as described above, with the Contour of the front supporting wall 25 of the supporting arch stone 5 corresponds, i.e. has a contour that the rear support wall 26 corresponds to a supporting arch stone 5.
  • the Levels 20, 30, 31 oval, especially pointed oval from the respective Top wall 18 or 27 forth to bottom wall 17 or 28, thereby in the walls 26, towards the ceiling wall opening recesses 35 and in the walls 16 and 25 themselves to the respective ceiling wall 18 or 27 widening lugs or Form bulges 36.
  • step 20, 30, 31 can also be wavy Have course (Fig. 11) or from the side walls 17, 29 forth parallel to the bottom wall 28, 19 a piece run to the middle of the stone and then bend on both sides, so that an upward or downward triangular point or parallelogram-shaped or rectangular or square nose 37 or recess 38 is formed in the course of the step (Fig. 12).
  • a stage according to the invention in particular a concave / convex step
  • the stages of the invention by the from this form resulting radian of the step a significantly larger area for absorbing the weight loads that act on this support arch.
  • Prior art designs have significantly less space to accommodate appropriate loads what leads to stress-related material breakage in many cases.
  • the Chamfering according to the invention has the advantage that it is used for reduction contributes to the notch effect.
  • the horizontal to the layer direction running, concave or convex step offers in connection with the uniform structure of the vault the advantage that a continuous joint in the central area of the top vertex does not arise.
  • the Supporting arch structure according to the invention also has the advantage that since only uniform supporting arch stones are used, there is an even distribution of stress in the supporting arch. in the In contrast to this, an inhomogeneous one arises in the prior art Construction using several different shaped formats.
  • the method according to the invention for creating is described below of an arch explained.
  • To the support arch according to the invention to create a teaching framework or a teaching sheet, which is from an abutment block 2 or an abutment element 2 to the opposite abutment block 2 or abutment element 2 extends.
  • the arch has an upward curvature which corresponds to that of the supporting arch to be created.
  • a bearing surface 12 of an abutment block 2 a fighting stone 3 or abutment arch 3 with its bearing wall 15 launched.
  • the bearing wall 15 of the fighting stone 3 preferably closes on all sides with the bearing surface 12 of the abutment block 2 from.
  • the first arch stone 5 form-fitting to those resting on the abutment stone 2 Fighter stone 3 is created.
  • the following are created during installation or stones to be created using a special assembly adhesive fixed against each other.
  • the opposing fighting stone 3 or abutment-Wölber 3 in the supporting arch structure between the abutment block 2 and the last supporting arch stone 5 are used.
  • the invention provides for the compensation of Length changes or tolerances in stone production one Containers with support stones 5 different thickness fighter stones 3, for example two each of a variety.
  • This has the Advantage that the much larger number of stones, namely the Supporting arches 5, can always be made the same while the fighter stones, which are produced as special formats anyway 3 can be manufactured in different thicknesses.
  • the intended last fighting stone 3 or abutment-Wölber 3 should not fit exactly, from this fighting stone 3 one each by +2 mm and one by -2 mm, based on the wedge, varying alternative format included. Through this Possibility of variation becomes an optimal one even with dimensional deviations Installation achieved.
  • the supporting arch 4 extends with its supporting arch stones 5 between the abutment stones 2 or the abutment vaults 3 or fighter stones 3 above of the arch 4 extends the further masonry 40, wherein usually between the masonry 40 and the supporting arch 4 a Leveling mortar layer 41, especially after repairs is.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Structure de voûte, en particulier pour fours industriels, avec éléments de butée (2) ainsi qu'un sommier (3) s'appuyant sur chacun des élément de butée (2), un arc (4) qui s'étend entre les sommiers (3) étant constitué par une pluralité de briques d'arc (5) formées de manière similaire, présentant une paroi porteuse avant (25), une paroi porteuse arrière (26), une paroi supérieure (27), une paroi inférieure (28), ainsi que deux parois latérales (29), et les briques d'arc (5) présentant sur l'une des parois porteuses (25) un premier contour faisant saillie, formé en gradin (30) et, sur la paroi porteuse opposée (26), un deuxième contour également formé comme un gradin (31), rentrant en arrière, correspondant au premier contour et s'insérant dans le premier contour d'un élément d'arc voisin (3, 5), caractérisé en ce que
    a) les briques d'arc (5) sont en forme de coin, la paroi porteuse avant (25) et la paroi porteuse arrière (26) étant dirigées l'une vers l'autre à partir de la paroi supérieure (27) vers la paroi inférieure commune (28),
    b) les gradins (30, 31) s'étendent chacun à partir d'une paroi latérale (29) vers la paroi latérale opposée (29),
    c) le gradin (30) du premier contour a une forme concave en arc de cercle vers le bas vers la paroi inférieure (28)
    d) et le gradin (31) du deuxième contour a une forme convexe en arc de cercle vers le bas vers la paroi inférieure (28).
  2. Structure de voûte selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les gradins (30, 31) formant les contours sont orientés à l'oblique avec un angle de rampe α qui est de 30 à 60°, en particulier de 45°.
  3. Structure de voûte selon la revendication 1 et/ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les gradins (30, 31) sont ondulés.
  4. Structure de voûte selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un sommier (3) présente le premier gradin (30) et l'autre sommier le deuxième gradin (31).
  5. Structure de voûte selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les sommiers (3) sont en forme de coin.
  6. Structure de voûte selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les sommiers (3) présentent une paroi d'appui (15), une paroi porteuse (16) opposée à la paroi d'appui (15), deux parois latérales parallèles (17) reliant celles-ci, ainsi qu'une paroi supérieure (18) et une paroi inférieure (19), les sommiers (3) se réduisant depuis la paroi supérieure (18) vers la paroi inférieure, et en ce que la paroi porteuse (16) présente un gradin (30, 31) pour obtenir une liaison solidaire avec correspondance de forme avec une brique suivante de l'arc.
  7. Structure de voûte selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de butée (2) sont des briques de butée qui sont essentiellement de forme parallélépipédique et présentent une paroi inférieure (6), une paroi arrière (7), une paroi supérieure (8), deux parois latérales (9) et une paroi d'appui avant (10), ladite paroi d'appui (10) présentant, de manière adjacente à la paroi inférieure (6), un segment de paroi (11) étroit qui s'étend parallèlement à la paroi arrière (7), et une surface d'appui (12) s'étendant au-dessus du segment de paroi (11) avec un angle prédéterminé à l'oblique par rapport à la paroi arrière (7) et se terminant avec la paroi supérieure (8). ,
  8. Structure de voûte selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la surface d'appui (12) de la paroi d'appui (10) est plane.
  9. Structure de voûte selon la revendication 7 et/ou 8, caractérisée en ce qu'un sommier (3) s'appuie sur la surface d'appui (12).
  10. Procédé pour construire un arc de voûte avec une structure d'arc selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, un premier sommier (3) étant posé sur un premier élément de butée (2) ou une première brique de butée (2) et ensuite des briques d'arc (5) étant posées de manière solidaire avec correspondance de forme sur les sommiers (3) ou briques d'arc suivantes (5) jusqu'à la place d'un deuxième sommier (3) situé à l'opposé et enfin le deuxième sommier (3) étant posé de manière solidaire avec correspondance de forme entre la dernière brique de l'arc (5) et la deuxième brique de butée (2).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les briques d'arc (5) et les sommiers (3) sont fixés l'un contre l'autre pour faciliter le montage et/ou l'alignement.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les briques d'arc (5) et sommiers (3) sont fixés avec des crampons, armements de voûte, mortiers en bain mince ou colles.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les sommiers (3) et l'arc (4) sont posés sur un armement de voûte, lequel est disposé entre les briques de butée (2).
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les sommiers (3) et les briques d'arc (5) sont posés de manière à ce que leurs parois latérales (17, 29) soient alignées.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que, pour compenser des tolérances de fabrication ou des écarts dimensionnels, des sommiers (3) sont montés avec une dimension supérieure ou inférieure correspondante.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que, pour adapter le dernier sommier (3) à l'arc, un sommier (3) est sélectionné parmi trois sommiers ayant une dimension inférieure, normale et supérieure relative à leur forme en coin, puis est monté.
  17. Utilisation d'une structure de voûte selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, réalisée suivant un procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 10 à 16 pour des voûtes en arc de cercle dans des fours à chaux droits.
  18. Utilisation d'une structure de voûte selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, réalisée suivant un procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 10 à 16 pour une voûte en plein cintre.
EP02008499A 2001-05-04 2002-04-15 Agencement d'arc portant et procédé pour sa construction Expired - Lifetime EP1255088B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10121699A DE10121699C5 (de) 2001-05-04 2001-05-04 Tragbogenaufbau sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Tragbogens
DE10121699 2001-05-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1255088A1 EP1255088A1 (fr) 2002-11-06
EP1255088B1 true EP1255088B1 (fr) 2004-03-03

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ID=7683607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02008499A Expired - Lifetime EP1255088B1 (fr) 2001-05-04 2002-04-15 Agencement d'arc portant et procédé pour sa construction

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6705243B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1255088B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE261099T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0201613B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10121699C5 (fr)
ES (1) ES2215950T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP2796821A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-29 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Système composite de pierres céramiques réfractaires

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PL2600091T3 (pl) 2011-12-02 2015-10-30 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co Kg Konstrukcja nośna typu mostowego w piecu przemysłowym, wykonana z ognioodpornych cegieł ceramicznych
DE202012100976U1 (de) * 2012-03-19 2013-07-01 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Deckenkonstruktion
GB201503119D0 (en) * 2015-02-03 2015-04-08 Fosbel Inc Integral self-supporting composite refractory components and methods of making the same
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CN109694177A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2019-04-30 巨石集团有限公司 一种玻璃纤维池窑通路碹顶结构

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DE3933744A1 (de) * 1989-10-10 1991-04-18 Radex Heraklith Schlusssteinset
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EP0862034B1 (fr) * 1997-03-01 1999-04-21 Schwab Feuerfesttechnik GmbH Ensemble pour clé de voute

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2796821A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-29 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Système composite de pierres céramiques réfractaires

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ATE261099T1 (de) 2004-03-15
BR0201613B1 (pt) 2011-04-05
US20020189509A1 (en) 2002-12-19
BR0201613A (pt) 2003-03-11
DE10121699C5 (de) 2010-04-08
DE50200266D1 (de) 2004-04-08
DE10121699B4 (de) 2004-09-09
ES2215950T3 (es) 2004-10-16
DE10121699A1 (de) 2002-11-28
EP1255088A1 (fr) 2002-11-06
US6705243B2 (en) 2004-03-16
DE10121699B9 (de) 2005-01-20

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