EP1249511B1 - PM-Schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher Warmfestigkeit - Google Patents

PM-Schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher Warmfestigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249511B1
EP1249511B1 EP01890331A EP01890331A EP1249511B1 EP 1249511 B1 EP1249511 B1 EP 1249511B1 EP 01890331 A EP01890331 A EP 01890331A EP 01890331 A EP01890331 A EP 01890331A EP 1249511 B1 EP1249511 B1 EP 1249511B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tungsten
molybdenum
value
speed
content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01890331A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1249511A1 (de
Inventor
Ingrid Maili
Roland Rabitsch
Werner Liebfahrt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
Original Assignee
Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boehler Edelstahl GmbH filed Critical Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
Priority to AT01890331T priority Critical patent/ATE338835T1/de
Priority to SI200130645T priority patent/SI1249511T1/sl
Publication of EP1249511A1 publication Critical patent/EP1249511A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1249511B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249511B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/36—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high speed and high ductility toughened steel article produced by powder metallurgy by dicing a liquid metal stream of an alloy with nitrogen to metal powder and compacting the powder at high temperature under full pressure and optionally thermoformed.
  • High speed steels include alloys having from about 0.8 to 1.0 weight percent carbon, from 14 to 18 weight percent tungsten, from about 4.5 weight percent chromium, up to 2 weight percent molybdenum, at least 1.2 to 1.5% by weight of molybdenum, at least 1.2 to 1.5% by weight of vanadium and from 3 to 20% by weight of cobalt, the remainder being iron.
  • the cause of the achievable with these high-speed steels high performance is the interaction of the carbide-forming elements vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum and chromium and acting on the matrix or matrix element cobalt.
  • vanadium in particular is suitable for imparting a high tempering resistance to the alloy up to a temperature of about 600 ° C.
  • high carbon and high vanadium content a large amount of vanadium carbides are formed, which causes a special wear resistance of the material.
  • sizing tools are therefore made with high-speed steels which have an increased carbon and vanadium content.
  • Powder metallurgy production essentially involves atomizing a molten steel to metal powder, introducing and compacting the metal powder into a capsule, sealing the capsule, and heating and hot isostatically pressing the powder in the capsule to a dense homogeneous material.
  • This PM material can be used directly after appropriate heat treatment for the manufacture of articles or previously subjected to hot working, for example by forging.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a high speed steel article for use as a tool for high speed machining of materials without the addition of lubricants, particularly for machining light metals and such alloys.
  • the specification is achieved in a high-speed steel article of the type mentioned above in that the article has a high degree of purity with a content and configuration of non-metallic inclusions corresponding to a value K0 of at most 3 according to DIN 50 602 testing and the following chemical composition in terms of weight.
  • Oxide inclusions are defects with mostly edged structure and represent, as was found, starting from a critical size, the starting point of cracks in the material tempered to high hardness at an optionally changing stress state in this. Because in a matrix with high hot hardness or high temperature crack initiation was disproportionately increased by coarse oxides in the material, however, as shown, inclusions with a small diameter and low longitudinal extent are not very effective, a cumulative value of not more than 3 in the test for non-metallic inclusions according to DIN 50 602 method K0 was recognized as important according to the invention.
  • the excellent property profile of the alloy according to the invention results synergistically from the interaction of the elements in their respective activities. It is essential that in the high-speed steel, the concentration values elements carbon, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and cobalt are present within narrow limits and that the oxygen content does not exceed a maximum value. The content of carbon is in the light of the high affinity of the elements tungsten, Molybdenum and Vanadin to see this.
  • the above alloy metals form stable primary carbides and secondary hard carbides, however, are also intercalated after interaction and respective activity in the matrix mixed crystals.
  • the carbon concentration of the alloy is 1.51 to 2.5% by weight.
  • the maximum chromium concentration of 4.5% by weight is due to the fact that higher contents lead to a chromium content in the matrix which has a stabilizing effect on the retained austenite content during curing.
  • Up to a minimum value of 3.5 wt .-% chromium is carried out by the incorporation of the alloy atoms in the solid solution a desired solidification thereof, so that according to the invention a content range of 3.5 to 4.5 wt .-% is provided in the material.
  • Tungsten and molybdenum have a high carbon affinity, form almost identical carbides and, according to widely-held opinion of the experts, due to the respective atomic weight in terms of mass, 2 to 1 interchangeable. It has surprisingly been found that this interchangeability is not completely given, but by the respective activity of these alloying elements Mischkarbid Struktur and the proportion of elements in the solid solution are controllable, which will be discussed in more detail in the discussion of the high temperature strength of high-speed steel.
  • Vanadin is one of the strongest monocarbide formers, whose carbides are characterized by high hardness and substantiate the special wear resistance of the material.
  • the wear resistance is promoted by the fine formation and a substantially homogeneous distribution of monocarbides, as this is created by a powder metallurgical production of the material.
  • vanadium, but also the elements tungsten and molybdenum are included to bring high temperatures partially in solution, which after a forced cooling of the article has a significant secondary hardness potential by excretion of finely distributed vanadinreicher secondary carbides by tempering treatments and is beneficial to the heat resistance of the material advantageous.
  • Vanadium concentrations below 4.5 wt .-% lead to a significant deterioration of the wear behavior of the coated part.
  • Cobalt is not a carbide-forming element in high speed steel, but it solidifies the matrix and significantly enhances the thermal resistance of the article.
  • High cobalt contents of more than 12.0 wt .-% act in the given high-speed steel embrittling to the basic mass of the material, whereas lower concentrations than 10.05 wt .-% cause a significant reduction in matrix hardness at elevated temperature.
  • Cobalt in the inventively provided limits of 10.05 to 12.0 wt .-% causes due to the high diffusion coefficient that when starting the hardened part of the increased nucleation because of facilitates the diffusion processes and thus the secondary carbide precipitates in large numbers and large amount fine be formed distributed, also coarsen only slowly and advantageous to the matrix strength, especially at high temperature, are effective.
  • the fine secondary carbides which give the material in the tempered state high hardness and strength, are increased by diffusion processes at high application temperatures or there is coagulation. Due to a high tungsten content in the alloy and consequently in the secondary carbides, the size of the tungsten atoms is smaller due to a smaller diffusion coefficient than the elements molybdenum and vanadium, so that a significantly slower coarsening and stabilization of the system at high Temperature, as was found, also occurs in mixed carbides.
  • the tungsten content of 13.3 to 15.3 wt .-% of the invention ensures at the predetermined levels of other strong carbide-forming elements a low tendency to coarsening of the secondary hard carbides at elevated temperatures and thus a small carbide particles long-term, which blocks the dislocations in the matrix lattice and a Softening of the material dilated.
  • the material remains longer, even at high thermal loads hard, so has an increased heat resistance.
  • Molybdenum plays an important role in reaction kinetics or mixed carbide formation, with a content of from 2.0 to 3.0 being determined to be effective according to the invention.
  • a maximum level of 100 ppm oxygen is provided in terms of the number of non-metallic inclusions and the property profile of the material under the stresses.
  • silicon in the alloy acts as a solidifying agent and deoxidizer, it should not exceed a content of 0.8% by weight for reasons of hardenability of the material.
  • manganese can influence the hardening behavior of the material, it is primarily to be considered together with the sulfur content, sulfur and manganese elements to be considered as the workability of the steel due to sulfide inclusion. In the case of preferably low manganese contents in the steel, the value: manganese minus sulfur should not fall below 0.19, because this can lead to hot forming problems and lowered material properties at high use temperatures.
  • Nitrogen may have a favorable effect on improving the heat resistance due to the formation of carbonitrides which are difficult to dissolve at high temperatures in the material according to the invention, but should only be alloyed to a content of 0.2% by weight in order to avoid manufacturing problems.
  • the invention may have one or more elements (s) with the following concentration value (s) in% by weight, based on the above composition.
  • concentration value s
  • a further narrowing of the concentration range of alloy components can be advantageously used for specific material orientation for particular applications, wherein the article based on the first-mentioned composition one or more element (s) with the following (s) Concentration value (s) in wt .-% has C 1.69 to 2.29 Si 0.20 to 0.60 Mn 0.20 to 0.40 Cr 3.59 to 4.19 W 13.60 to 14.60 Not a word 2.01 to 2.80 V 4.55 to 5.45 Co 10.40 to 11.50 N 0.02 to 0.1 (O) max 90 ppm
  • the further object of the invention is achieved by the use of a high speed and high speed toughened steel cutting tool which is powder metallurgically produced and optionally thermoformed by dividing a liquid metal stream of an alloy with nitrogen into metal powder and compacting the powder at high temperature having a high degree of purity with a content and configuration of non-metallic inclusions corresponding to a value K0 of at most 3 according to the test according to DIN 50 602 and the following chemical composition in% by weight C 1.51 to 2.5 Si to 0.8 Mn to 1.5 Cr 3.5 to 4.5 W 13.3 to 15.3 Not a word 2.0 to 3.0 V 4.5 to 6.9 Co 10.05 to 12.0 S to 0.52 N 0.018 to 0.195 O max 100 ppm with a value: manganese minus sulfur (Mn-S) of not less than 0,19, iron and impurities and by-products as balance, with The proviso has that the ratio of the concentrations of tungsten to molybdenum between 5.2 and 6.5 and that the content of cobalt is at most 70% of
  • Table 1 shows the chemical composition of a high speed steel article according to the present invention and those of comparative materials.
  • Fig. 3 the curve of the hot hardness of the materials at 650 ° C is shown in logarithmic dependence of the time, all samples having approximately the same initial hardness of 67 to 68 HRC.
  • the hot hardness test was carried out by means of a dynamic method developed by the Material Competence Center Leoben (Zeitschrift für Metallischen 90 (1999) 8, 637)

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
EP01890331A 2001-04-11 2001-12-05 PM-Schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher Warmfestigkeit Expired - Lifetime EP1249511B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01890331T ATE338835T1 (de) 2001-04-11 2001-12-05 Pm-schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher warmfestigkeit
SI200130645T SI1249511T1 (sl) 2001-04-11 2001-12-05 Temperaturno obstojno hitrorezno jeklo, izdelano na osnovi praskaste metalurgije

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT5862001 2001-04-11
AT0058601A AT409389B (de) 2001-04-11 2001-04-11 Pm-schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher warmfestigkeit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1249511A1 EP1249511A1 (de) 2002-10-16
EP1249511B1 true EP1249511B1 (de) 2006-09-06

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EP01890331A Expired - Lifetime EP1249511B1 (de) 2001-04-11 2001-12-05 PM-Schnellarbeitsstahl mit hoher Warmfestigkeit

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US6652617B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP1249511B1 (ru)
KR (1) KR100474117B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN1156595C (ru)
AT (2) AT409389B (ru)
BR (1) BR0106358A (ru)
CA (1) CA2371320C (ru)
DE (1) DE50110937D1 (ru)
DK (1) DK1249511T3 (ru)
ES (1) ES2269340T3 (ru)
HK (1) HK1051221A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2221073C1 (ru)
SI (1) SI1249511T1 (ru)
TW (1) TWI261071B (ru)
UA (1) UA76942C2 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021032893A1 (de) 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkzeugstahl für kaltarbeits- und schnellarbeitsanwendungen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT412000B (de) * 2003-04-24 2004-08-26 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Kaltarbeitsstahl-gegenstand
DE102004034905A1 (de) * 2004-07-19 2006-04-13 Böhler-Uddeholm Precision Strip GmbH & Co. KG Stahlband für Streichmesser, Auftragsmesser und Kreppschaber und pulvermetallurgisches Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
CN100430510C (zh) * 2006-01-24 2008-11-05 江苏华久特钢工具有限公司 高性能低成本高速钢
AT508591B1 (de) * 2009-03-12 2011-04-15 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Kaltarbeitsstahl-gegenstand
US8513020B2 (en) * 2009-12-08 2013-08-20 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Corrosion testing apparatus and methods
EP2662166A1 (de) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-13 Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG Werkstoff mit hoher Beständigkeit gegen Verschleiss
CN103589960A (zh) * 2013-11-04 2014-02-19 虞伟财 一种电锯锯条用工具钢
JP6516440B2 (ja) * 2013-11-27 2019-05-22 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 粉末高速度工具鋼
WO2015091366A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Höganäs Ab (Publ) A method for producing a sintered component and a sintered component
RU2625361C1 (ru) * 2016-07-27 2017-07-13 Открытое акционерное общество "Композит" (ОАО "Композит") Способ изготовления прутков из труднодеформируемого сплава на основе хрома
US20210262050A1 (en) * 2018-08-31 2021-08-26 Höganäs Ab (Publ) Modified high speed steel particle, powder metallurgy method using the same, and sintered part obtained therefrom
RU2708194C1 (ru) * 2019-08-01 2019-12-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский государственный технологический университет "СТАНКИН" (ФГБОУ ВО "МГТУ "СТАНКИН") Способ изготовления изделия из сплава Х65НВФТ
CN113699460A (zh) * 2021-08-13 2021-11-26 浙江中模材料科技有限公司 一种高硬度粉末钢及其热处理方法
CN116837272A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2023-10-03 河冶科技股份有限公司 喷射成形耐腐蚀沉淀硬化高速钢
CN116837273A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2023-10-03 河冶科技股份有限公司 喷射成形沉淀硬化高速钢
CN116949367A (zh) * 2023-07-07 2023-10-27 苏州瑞英成科技发展有限公司 切削钻头用耐磨无钴高速钢及其制备方法
CN118028685A (zh) * 2024-04-11 2024-05-14 西安欧中材料科技股份有限公司 一种高端特钢钨基或钴基粉末高速钢的制备方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021032893A1 (de) 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Werkzeugstahl für kaltarbeits- und schnellarbeitsanwendungen
DE102019122638A1 (de) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Werkzeugstahl für Kaltarbeits- und Schnellarbeitsanwendungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TWI261071B (en) 2006-09-01
KR100474117B1 (ko) 2005-03-08
SI1249511T1 (sl) 2006-12-31
US6652617B2 (en) 2003-11-25
CN1388263A (zh) 2003-01-01
UA76942C2 (ru) 2006-10-16
CA2371320A1 (en) 2002-10-11
DK1249511T3 (da) 2007-01-15
HK1051221A1 (en) 2003-07-25
ATE338835T1 (de) 2006-09-15
AT409389B (de) 2002-07-25
RU2221073C1 (ru) 2004-01-10
CN1156595C (zh) 2004-07-07
ES2269340T3 (es) 2007-04-01
BR0106358A (pt) 2003-04-15
ATA5862001A (de) 2001-12-15
CA2371320C (en) 2009-07-14
EP1249511A1 (de) 2002-10-16
DE50110937D1 (de) 2006-10-19
US20030095886A1 (en) 2003-05-22
KR20020080262A (ko) 2002-10-23

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