Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
  • C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of a dishwashing detergent portion comprising a casing of a water-soluble polymer material and at least one detergent-active preparation for manual dishwashing and / or manual cleaning of hard surfaces.
• Detergents and cleaners in single dose amounts are known in the art.
• the older patent application discloses DE 198 31 703 a portioned detergent or cleaner composition in a bag of water-soluble film for use in washing machines or dishwashers, wherein at least 70 wt.% Of the particles of the preparation have particle sizes of> 800 microns.
• DE 199 09 271 the production of multiphase detergent tablets for use in machine washing or rinsing, wherein the tablets are dimensioned in terms of the active substance contents so that the washing or rinsing active preparations are sufficient for exactly one washing or rinsing cycle in the machine.
• Dishwashing detergents for use in washing in the washbasin or in a dishwashing bowl have been provided in the prior art in liquid bottles which are filled regularly with bottles or containers provided with closable spouts or metering orifices.
• the advantage of such forms of filling was that the consumer was able to dose the dishwashing agent freely, if necessary, also be able to replenish it according to need and feel.
• Disadvantage of such forms of filling was that a precise dosing of the dishwashing detergent required a certain amount of experience and the product was frequently under- or over-dosed.
• the former required regular replenishment of dishwashing detergent during the flushing process, again associated with the risk of overdosing, while the latter was and is generally undesirable for environmental and economic reasons.
• dishwashing agents provided in the conventional packagings were to be homogeneous, in particular clear, according to the wishes of the consumers. This requirement imposed by consumer habits meant that components could not be incorporated into such agents that were not evenly distributed in the ready-made dishwashing detergent or settled during storage or during the time the stagnant bottle or container had been left standing ,
• dishwashing detergents Another problem with conventional dishwashing detergents was that it was not possible to incorporate components whose stability is impaired during storage by other components of the dishwashing detergent. This was, for example, the reason that during the rinsing process effective enzymes could not be incorporated into dishwashing detergents, in particular those for dishwashing by hand, since problems with the stability of the enzymes occurred in the aqueous medium of conventional dishwashing detergents.
• An object of the invention was thus to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
• dishwashing compositions which may comprise components which are not usually dispersible homogeneously in hand dishwashing detergents without precipitating, settling or otherwise depositing.
• Another object of the invention was to provide dishwashing detergents for manual dishwashing which may comprise components which are not stable in conventional dishwashing detergents in the presence of individual components normally contained in such detergents.
• low-dishwashing dishwashing detergents such as those for washing dishes by hand
• a dishwashing detergent preparation in an amount which is sufficiently metered for a rinse and which optionally contain components in a dishwashing detergent portion which may not be homogeneously distributed in a large amount of the same agent in a bottle or container for a prolonged period of storage in the prior art, and which optionally contain components whose stability in the presence of other components of the composition is low or at least insufficient was.
• the invention relates to the use of a portion of a low-water cleaning agent comprising one or more enclosures of at least one water-soluble polymer material and at least one active ingredient partially or completely surrounded by the at least one water-soluble polymer material and containing at least one anionic surfactant. for manual dishwashing and / or manual cleaning of hanter surfaces.
• the term "dishwashing detergent portion” is understood to mean a quantity of a cleaning agent which is sufficient for a process of cleaning dishes which takes place in an aqueous phase. This can be, for example, a machine cleaning process, as is carried out with commercially available dishwashers. According to the invention, however, this term is also understood to mean a dishwashing cycle or another process of cleaning (carried out, for example, in a hand basin or in a bowl). According to the invention, the present detergent portions or dishwashing agent portions are preferably used in manual dishwashing processes.
• the term "dishwashing detergent partial portion” is understood to mean a subset of a dishwashing detergent portion which, in a phase separate from other dishwashing detergent partial portions, is in spatial connection with other dishwashing agent partial portions of the same dishwashing detergent portion and is prepared by appropriate measures so that they can be added separately from other or even at the same time with other dishwashing partial portions of the same dishwashing detergent portion in the rinse and optionally dissolved or suspended in it.
• a dishwashing partial portion may contain the same ingredients as another portion of the dishwashing detergent portion of the same dishwashing detergent portion;
• two dishwashing agent partial portions of the same dishwashing detergent portion preferably contain different ingredients, in particular different detergent-active preparations.
• the dishwashing agent portions contain measured amounts of at least one rinse-active preparation, usually measured amounts of several rinse-active preparations. It is possible that the portions contain only rinse-active preparations of a particular composition. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that several, usually at least two, rinse-active preparations of different composition are contained in the dishwashing detergent portions.
• the composition may be (qualitatively) different with regard to the concentration of the individual components of the active ingredient (quantitatively) and / or with regard to the nature of the individual components of the active ingredient. It is particularly preferred that the components are adapted in terms of nature and concentration to the tasks that have to fulfill the dishwashing detergent partial portions in the cleaning process.
• the partial portions in the context of the present invention are preferably the first, second and optionally third or even higher (fourth, fifth, etc.) measured amounts of one or more rinse-active preparation (s) resulting from the same or different water-soluble materials. or dishwashing detergent portion are combined according to the invention.
• the term "rinse-active preparation” is understood to mean all conceivable substances of relevance in connection with a process of cleaning dishes. These are primarily the actual cleaners with their later in the description explained in detail individual components. These include active ingredients such as surfactants (nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants), enzymes, special polymers, dyes and fragrances (perfumes), without the term being restricted to these substance groups.
• active ingredients such as surfactants (nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants), enzymes, special polymers, dyes and fragrances (perfumes), without the term being restricted to these substance groups.
• the rinse-active formulation contains an anionic surfactant.
• rinse-active preparations is also understood as cleaning auxiliaries. Examples of these are solvents, solubilizers, UV stabilizers, so-called soil repellents, ie polymers which counteract re-soiling of hard surfaces, and silver protectants. Also dishwashing additives such as rinse aid are considered according to the invention as a rinse-active preparations.
• the detergent portion contains one or more enclosures of one or more water-soluble polymer material (s) which partially or completely comprise the at least one rinse-active preparation.
• the dishwashing detergent portion contains an enclosure of one or more water-soluble polymer material (s) or that several enclosures are included.
• the presence of an enclosure is preferred, which brings advantages in the choice of materials and also in view of the requirement that the water-soluble polymer material must be solved without residue in the cleaning liquor or rinsing liquor.
• the enclosure (s) may be formed from a single water-soluble polymer material or may be formed from a plurality of different polymeric materials. The use of several polymer materials is possible in principle. In view of the present task, the use of a single polymer material according to the invention is particularly preferred, which will be discussed in more detail below.
• the at least one rinse-active preparation partially or completely surrounding water-soluble polymer material is a water-soluble packaging.
• a water-soluble packaging This is understood to mean a spatially or spatially formed part that contains at least one active preparation partially or completely surrounds.
• the exact form of such packaging is not critical and can be largely adapted to the conditions of use.
• plastic foils or sheets, capsules and other conceivable forms can be used for various forms (such as hoses, cushions, cylinders, bottles, disks or the like).
• films which, for example, can be glued and / or sealed to packagings such as hoses, cushions or the like after they have been filled with portions of the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention or with the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention.
• plastic film packaging of water-soluble polymer materials are basically known from the prior art.
• polymer materials which can completely dissolve in the aqueous phase under the given conditions (temperature, pH, concentration of active ingredients in the aqueous phase) are suitable as water-soluble polymer materials.
• the polymer materials may particularly preferably belong to the groups (acetalised) polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and derivatives thereof and mixtures of said materials.
• Polyvinyl alcohols are polymers of the general structure [-CH 2 -CH (OH) -] n in small quantities also structural units of the type [-CH 2 -CH (OH) -CH (OH) -CH 2 -] contain. Since the corresponding monomer (vinyl alcohol) is not stable in free form, polyvinyl alcohols are obtained via polymer-analogous reactions by hydrolysis, in particular by alkali-catalyzed transesterification of polyvinyl acetates with alcohols, preferably with methanol. By these technical methods, PVAL are also available which contain a predetermined residual amount of acetate groups (“acetalized PVAL").
• PVOH eg Mowiol ® grades from Hoechst
• PVOH eg Mowiol ® grades from Hoechst
• degrees of polymerization in the range of about 500 to 2500 (corresponding to molecular weights of about 20,000 to 100,000 g / mol) in trade and have different degrees of hydrolysis from 98 to 99 and 87 to 89 mol%, respectively. So they are partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetates with a residual content of acetyl groups of about 1 to 2 or 11 to 13 mol%.
• the water solubility of PVAL can be reduced by aftertreatment with aldehydes (acetalization), by complexing with Ni or Cu salts or by treatment with dichromates, boric acid, borax and thus set specifically to desired values.
• Films made of PVAL are largely impermeable to gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, but allow water vapor to pass through.
• PVAL films under the name "SOLUBLON® ®” from Syntana bottlesgesellschaft E. Harke GmbH & Co. available PVAL films. Their solubility in water can be adjusted to the exact degree, and films of this product series are available which are soluble in aqueous phase in all temperature ranges relevant for the application.
• Polyvinylpyrrolidones referred to as PVP for short, can be described by the following general formula: PVP are prepared by radical polymerization of 1-vinylpyrrolidone. Commercially available PVP have molecular weights in the range of about 2500 to 750,000 g / mol and are available as white, hygroscopic powders or as aqueous solutions.
• Polyethylene oxides PEOX for short, are polyalkylene glycols of the general formula H- [O-CH 2 -CH 2 ] n -OH the technically by alkaline-catalyzed polyaddition of ethylene oxide (oxirane) in mostly small amounts of water-containing systems are prepared with ethylene glycol as the starting molecule. They have molar masses in the range of about 200 to 5,000,000 g / mol, corresponding to degrees of polymerization n of about 5 to> 100,000. Polyethylene oxides have an extremely low concentration of reactive hydroxy end groups and show only weak glycol properties.
• Gelatin is a polypeptide (molecular weight: about 15,000 to> 250,000 g / mol), which is obtained primarily by hydrolysis of the collagen contained in the skin and bones of animals under acidic or alkaline conditions.
• the amino acid composition of gelatin is broadly similar to that of the collagen from which it was obtained and varies depending on its provenance.
• the use of gelatin as water-soluble coating material is extremely widespread, especially in pharmacy in the form of hard or soft gelatin capsules. In the form of films, gelatin has little use because of its high price compared to the polymers mentioned above.
• dishwashing detergent portions whose packaging consists of water-soluble film of at least one polymer from the group starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, in particular methylcellulose, and mixtures thereof.
• Starch is a homoglycan, wherein the glucose units are linked ⁇ -glycosidically.
• Starch is composed of two components of different molecular weight: from about 20 to 30% straight chain amylose (MW about 50,000 to 150,000) and 70 to 80% branched chain amylopectin (MW about 300,000 to 2,000,000).
• small amounts of lipids, phosphoric acid and cations are still included. While the amylose forms long, helical, entangled chains with about 300 to 1200 glucose molecules as a result of the binding in the 1,4-position, the chain branches in amylopectin after an average of 25 glucose building blocks by 1,6-bonding to a branch-like structure with about 1,500 to 12,000 molecules of glucose.
• starch derivatives which are obtainable by starch from polymer-analogous reactions are also available.
• Such chemically modified starches include, for example, products of esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. But even starches in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups that are not bound by an oxygen atom, can be used as starch derivatives.
• the group of starch derivatives includes, for example, alkali starches, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), starch esters and ethers, and amino starches.
• Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n and is formally a ⁇ -1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose.
• Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000.
• Cellulose-based disintegrating agents which can also be used in the context of the present invention are cellulose derivatives, which are obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions of cellulose.
• Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products of esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted.
• Celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
• the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses.
• Preferred enclosures of water-soluble film consist of a polymer having a molecular weight between 5000 and 500,000 daltons, preferably between 7500 and 250,000 daltons and in particular between 10,000 and 100,000 daltons.
• the water-soluble film which forms the enclosure usually has a thickness of from 1 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably from 2 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 5 to 75 ⁇ m and in particular from 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
• these water-soluble films can be produced by various production methods. Blow molding, calendering and casting processes should be mentioned here in principle.
• the films are blown starting from a melt with air through a mandrel to a hose.
• the calendering process which is likewise one of the preferred production processes
• the raw materials plasticized by suitable additives are atomized to form the films.
• an aqueous polymer preparation is placed on a heatable drying roller, after the evaporation of the water is optionally cooled and the film is peeled off as a film.
• this film is additionally powdered before or during the removal.
• Capsules as enclosures for the rinse-active preparation (s) of the dishwashing detergent portion are likewise prepared by methods known from the prior art and may preferably consist of (optionally acetalized) PVAL or gelatin, for example soft gelatin or hard gelatin.
• the one or more enclosures for the rinse-active preparation (s) comprise a PVAL film which is water-soluble at a particular temperature.
• a film can be advantageously processed by gluing, for example with a water-soluble adhesive, or by heat sealing to enclosures for rinse-active preparations.
• the advantage of such a film wrap is that it has a water solubility which is precisely adjustable with respect to the desired temperature and dissolves rapidly and without residue when introduced into the rinsing or cleaning liquor, the rinse-active (s) covered by the film being Preparation (s) are released quickly into the rinsing or cleaning liquor. This is especially important in manual rinsing or cleaning of dishes, since - in contrast to automatic dishwashing - a mechanical moving of the fleet does not take place automatically, but would have to be effected by the consumer.
• the at least one water-soluble polymeric material of the enclosure (s) incorporates one or more component (s) of the rinse-active preparation (s).
• This concept is the subject of the earlier patent application DE 199 61 661 in that certain additives of rinse-active preparations, in particular individual components which control the effectiveness of the rinse-active preparation or also increase its consumer acceptance, are present wholly or predominantly physically incorporated in the water-soluble polymer material of the enclosure. According to the invention, such components which can be incorporated into the polymer material of the enclosure (s), for example UV-.
• one or more such additive (s) can be incorporated in any combination and amount in the polymer material. Preferred amounts are from 0.1 to 10 wt .-% of the additive, based on the total weight of the film or capsule material, more preferably from 1 to 7 wt .-%, most preferably from 3 to 6 wt .-%.
• the rinse-active preparation (s) of the dishwashing detergent portion are water-poor.
• low-water means that the dishwashing detergent portion contains as little free (and thus capable of reaction with the material of the enclosure (s) as possible in all its components).
• the rinse-active preparation (s) have water contents of less than 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the rinse-active preparation (s), more preferably water contents of less than 10% by weight.
• the components of the rinse-active preparation (s) are selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, non-aqueous vehicles, enzymes, dyes, perfumes, antibacterial agents, polymers and Rinse aid, wherein the indicated amounts in each case relate to the total weight of the rinse-active preparation (s).
• the INCI names are the "International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Seventh Edition can be seen (1997) ", published by The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA), 1101 17 th Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036, USA, and more than 9,000 INCI names and references to more than 37,000 trade names and technical names, including their distributors from more than 31 countries
• the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook assigns one or more chemical classes to the ingredients, such as “Polymeric Ethers”, and one or more functions, for example “Surfactants - Cleansing Agents", to which it will be explained in more detail, whereupon reference will also be made hereinafter as appropriate.
• the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention may contain surface-active substances from the group of anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants.
• Anionic surfactants are particularly preferred for economic reasons and because of their performance spectrum.
• Surfactants of the individual groups can be used as single substances. It is preferred to use mixtures of surfactants, with advantage mixtures of surfactants of several of the aforementioned groups.
• Anionic surfactants according to the present invention may be aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic and aromatic sulfonates such as alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ether sulfonates, n-alkyl ether sulfonates, ester sulfonates, lignin sulfonates and alkylbenzenesulfonates.
• aliphatic sulfates such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, dialkyl ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates and aliphatic and aromatic sulfonates such as alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ether sulfonates, n-al
• fatty acid cyanamides sulfosuccinic acid esters, fatty acid isethionates, acylaminoalkanesulfonates (fatty acid taurides), fatty acid sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acids and alkyl (ether) phosphates.
• Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and the half-esters of secondary alcohols (secondary alkyl sulfates, SAS) of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
• the C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred.
• Suitable secondary alkyl sulfates contain 2- and / or 3-alkyl sulfates and optionally higher homologs (4-, 5-, 6-alkyl sulfates, etc.) are, for example, according to the U.S. Patents 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 produced and are available as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ®, z. B. in the U.S.
• Patents 5,529,724 and H 1,665 DAN® 214, a C 14 -SAS with 99% 2- and 3-alkyl sulfate, DAN® 216, a C 16 -SAS with 99% 2- and 3-alkyl sulfate, and DAN® 100, a SAS with 62% 2- and 3-alkyl sulfate.
• fatty alcohol ether sulfates are products of sulfation reactions on alkoxylated alcohols.
• alkoxylated alcohols the reaction products of one or more alkylene oxides, preferably of ethylene oxide, with alcohols, preferably in the context of the present invention, the longer-chain alcohols, for example the straight-chain or branched alcohols with chain lengths of C 7 to C 21 such as 2-methyl branched C 9 - to C 11 - fatty alcohols with an average of 3.5 EO or C 12 - to C 18 fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO.
• a complex mixture of addition products of different degrees of ethoxylation is formed from n moles of ethylene oxide and one mole of alcohol.
• Another embodiment is the use of mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• Very particularly preferred for the purposes of the present invention are lower ethoxylated fatty alcohols (0.5 to 4 moles of EO, preferably 1 to 2 moles of EO).
• Preferred surfactants of the sulfonate type are alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, such as those obtained, for example, from C 12-18 monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
• Alkylbenzenesulfonates in the context of the teaching according to the invention are alkylbenzenesulfonates with straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 6-22- alkyl radicals, preferably C 8-18 -alkyl radicals, in particular C 9-14- alkyl radicals, most preferably C 10-13 -alkyl radicals.
• alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal salts in particular sodium, potassium, magnesium and / or calcium salts
• ammonium salts or mono-, di- or Trialkanolammoniumsalze preferably mono-, di- or triethanol- and / or -isopropanolammoniumsalze, in particular mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts, but also used as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid together with the corresponding alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide and / or ammonia or mono-, di- or trialkanolamine.
• the dishwashing detergent portions contain mono-, di- and / or trialkanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular monoethanolamine monomethylbenzenesulfonate, in amounts of from 10 to 100% by weight, preferably from 30 to 100% by weight, in particular from 50 to 100% by weight .-%, based on the total weight amount of alkylbenzenesulfonates. It is particularly preferred that the dishwashing portions according to the invention contain as alkylbenzenesulfonates exclusively mono-, di- and / or trialkanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonate, more preferably exclusively monoethanolammonium alkylbenzenesulfonate.
• alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C 12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
• esters of 2-sulfofatty acids for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
• the anionic surfactants are preferably used in amounts of from 0.2 to 80% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 10 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably from 25 to 60% by weight, very preferably from 40 to 60% by weight. ,
• Suitable surfactant mixtures are in particular those from anionic in combination with one or more nonionic surfactants or betaine surfactants, the betaine surfactants being in this context to be equated with the class of amphoteric surfactants.
• the joint additional use of nonionic surfactants and betaine surfactants in a mixture can also be advantageous for many applications.
• Nonionic surfactants in the context of the present invention may be alkoxylates, such as polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, end-capped polyglycol ethers, mixed ethers and hydroxy mixed ethers and fatty acid polyglycol esters. Also useful are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, block polymers and fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty acid polyglycol ethers.
• An important class of nonionic surfactants which can be used according to the invention are the polyol surfactants, in particular the glycated surfactants, such as alkylpolyglycosides and fatty acid glucamides. Particularly preferred are the alkyl polyglucosides.
• alcohol alkoxylates ie alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, especially primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical is linear or-preferably in 2 Position - may be methyl-branched or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
• EO ethylene oxide
• alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
• the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9-11 alcohols with 7 EO, C 13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures from these, as well as mixtures of C 12-14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C 12-18 -alcohol with 5 EO.
• the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number.
• Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
• fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
• nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, especially fatty acid methyl esters as they are for example in the Japanese Patent Application JP 58/217598 are described or preferably according to the in the international patent application WO 90/13533 be prepared described methods.
• alkyl polyglycosides are surfactants which can be obtained by the reaction of sugars and alcohols according to the relevant processes of preparative organic chemistry, wherein, depending on the nature of the preparation, a mixture of monoalkylated, oligomeric or polymeric sugars is obtained.
• Preferred alkylpolyglycosides can be alkylpolyglucosides, with the alcohol being particularly preferably a long-chain fatty alcohol or a mixture of long-chain fatty alcohols having branched or unbranched alkyl chain lengths between C 8 and C 18 and the degree of oligomerization of the sugars being between 1 and 10.
• Advantageously usable Alkypolyglycoside satisfy the general formula RO (G) z .
• R is a linear or branched, in particular in the 2-position methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit with 5 or 6 C Atoms, preferably glucose.
• the degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.
• alkyl polyglycosides in particular alkyl polyglucosides, in amounts of from 0.1 to 15.0% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 0.2 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably in amounts of from 0.5 to 8.0 wt .-% and particularly preferably in amounts of 1.0 to 6.0 wt .-%.
• Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide and fatty acid alkanolamide type may also be suitable.
• the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof.
• the amine oxides suitable in accordance with the invention include alkylamine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides.
• Preferred amine oxides satisfy the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 N + -O -, in which R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 alkyl radical, preferably C 8-18 alkyl group, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example, a saturated C 12-14 alkyl radical which is bonded to the nitrogen atom N in the alkylamidoamine oxides via a carbonylamidoalkylene group -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) z - and in the alkoxyalkylamine oxides via an oxaalkylene group -O- (CH 2 ) z where z is in each case a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, and R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are an optionally hydroxy-substit
• Suitable amine oxides are the following compounds designated as INCI : Almondamidopropylamine oxides, Babassuamidopropylamine oxides, Behenamine oxides, Cocamidopropyl Amine oxides, Cocamidopropylamine oxides, Cocamine oxides, Coco-Morpholine oxides, Decylamine oxides, Decyltetradecylamine oxides, Diaminopyrimidine oxides, Dihydroxyethyl C8-10 alkoxypropylamines oxides , Dihydroxyethyl C9-11 alkoxypropylamines oxides, dihydroxyethyl C12-15 alkoxypropylamines oxides, dihydroxyethyl cocamines oxides, dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxides, dihydroxyethyl stearamines oxides, dihydroxyethyl tallowamine oxides, hydrogenated palm kernel, amines oxides, hydrogenated tallowamine oxides, hydroxyethyl hydroxyprop
• Preferred amine oxide (s) is / are, for example, cocamine oxides (N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide), dihydroxyethyl tallowamine oxides (N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide) and / or cocamidopropylamine oxides (cocoamidopropylamine oxide), in particular Cocamidopropylamine oxides.
• polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I) wherein RCO is an aliphatic acyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
• the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
• the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II) in the R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated Derivatives of this residue.
• R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
• R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical
• [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
• a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
• the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example, according to the teaching of the international application WO-A-95/07331 be converted by conversion with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst into the desired Polyhydroxyfettklaamide.
• Nonionic surfactants are preferably used in total amounts of from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably from 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 7 to 35% by weight and most preferably from 10 to 25% by weight.
• zwitterionic surfactants or amphoteric surfactants which can be used according to the invention include the betaines and the alkylamidoalkylamines (INCI alkylamido alkylamines) as well as the alkyl-substituted amino acids (INCI alkyl-substituted amino acids), in particular the aminopropionates, the acylated amino acids and the biosurfactants.
• a preferred ingredient is betaine, especially alkylamidobetaine.
• Preferred amphoteric surfactants are the alkylbetaines of the formula (IIIa), the alkylamidobetaines of the formula (IIIb), the sulfobetaines of the formula (IIIc) and the amidosulfobetaines of the formula (IIId)
• R 1 is -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 SO 3 -
• amphoteric surfactants are the carbo-betaines, in particular the carbo-betaines of the formulas (IIIa) and (IIIb), most preferably the alkylamido-betaines of the formula (IIIb).
• betaines and sulfobetaines have the following named according to INCI compounds: Almondamidopropyl betaines, Apricotamidopropyl betaines, Avocadamidopropyl betaines, Babassuamidopropyl betaines, behenamidopropyl betaine, Behenyl Betaine, Betaine, Canolamidopropyl betaines, caprylic / Capramidopropyl Betaine, carnitine, Cetyl Betaine, Cocamidoethyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Betaines, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaines, coco-betaines, coco-hydroxysultaines, coco / oleamidopropyl betaines, coco-sultaines, decyl betaines, dihydroxyethyl oleyl glycinates, dihydroxyethyl soy glycinates, dihydroxyethyl stearyl
• amphoteric surfactants are preferably used in amounts of between 0.1 and 14.9% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 8% by weight and more preferably 1 to 6% by weight.
• the dishwashing detergent portion contains as surfactant mixture (a) 0.2 to 80 wt., -%, Preferably 10 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 25 to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 40 to 60 wt .-%, of one or more anionic surfactants, preferably alkylbenzenesulfonate (s) and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s), (b) 1 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably 7 to 35 Wt .-% and extremely preferred From 10 to 25% by weight, of one or more nonionic surfactants, preferably alcohol alkoxylate (s), alkylpolyglycoside (s) and / or amine oxide (s), in particular alcohol alkoxylate (s) or combinations of alcohol alkoxylate (s) with alkylpolyglycoside (s) and or amine oxide (s
• surfactant mixture (a
• the rinse-active preparation (s) preferably contain (s) one or more non-aqueous carriers.
• the non-aqueous carrier (s) are water-soluble or water-miscible and at least one, especially each, non-aqueous carrier is liquid at room temperature (20 ° C).
• the non-aqueous carrier (s) serve (i) as a filling component for replenishing the remaining components of the rinse-active preparation (s) to the desired portion amount, (ii) controlling the flowability, especially the viscosity, of the rinse-active Preparation (s), (iii) for controlling the solubility or solubility behavior, in particular the dissolution rate, of the rinse-active preparation (s) in aqueous media and / or (iv) as solvent or solubilizer (hydrotrope) for remaining components of the rinse-active preparation ( s).
• Suitable non-aqueous vehicles are, for example, solvents and polyalkylene glycols.
• polyalkylene glycols are understood as meaning the tetramers and higher representatives, while the di- and trimers are part of the solvents according to the invention.
• Preferred solvents contain one or more hydroxy groups "OH", one or more ester groups "CO-OC” and / or one or more ether groups "COC", preferably one or more hydroxy groups or one or more hydroxy groups and one or more ether groups.
• solvents are used in the context of the non-aqueous carrier component according to the invention as a hydrotrope, viscosity regulator and / or cold stabilizer. They act solubilizing in particular for surfactants and perfume / perfume and dye and thus contribute to their incorporation, prevent the formation of liquid-crystalline phases and contribute to the formation of clear products.
• the viscosity decreases with increasing amount of solvent.
• the cold cloud point and clear point decrease.
• Particularly preferred solvents are, for example, saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, branched or unbranched C 1-20 hydrocarbons, preferably C 2-15 hydrocarbons, having at least one hydroxyl group and optionally one or more ether functions COC, ie the oxygen atom interrupting the carbon atom chain without interruption by an ether function not more than 8, preferably not more than 6, in particular not more than 4, carbon atoms are bonded together.
• Exemplary solvents are the following INCI compounds: alcohol (ethanol), buteth-3, butoxyethanol, butoxypropanol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, butylene glycol, butyloctanol, diethylene glycol, dimethoxy diglycol, dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol, ethoxy diglycol , ethoxyethanol, ethyl hexanediol, glycol (ethylene glycol), hexanediol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, hexyl alcohol, Hexylene glycol, isobutoxy, isopentyldiol, isopropyl Alcohol (iso-propanol), 3-methoxybutanol, methoxyethanol, Methoxymethylbutanol, methoxy PEG- 10, methylal, methyl alcohol, methyl hexyl ether, methylpropanediol, neopentyl glycol
• Particularly preferred solvents are further those with aliphatic C 1-6 - or aromatic alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, n -propanol, n- butanol, tert- butanol or phenol, etherified or esterified with carboxylic acids, for example acetic or carbonic acid, monomers or homo- or hetero-polymers, in particular monomeric as well as homodimers and trimers, C 2 -C 4 alkylene glycols, for example, under the trade name Dowanol ® by the company. Dow Chemical and sold under the trade names Arcosolv and Arconate ® ® by the company.
• aliphatic C 1-6 - or aromatic alcohols for example methanol, ethanol, n -propanol, n- butanol, tert- butanol or phenol, etherified or esterified with carboxylic acids, for example acetic or carbonic acid, monomers or homo- or hetero-polymers, in particular
• Solvents are preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably 1 to 50% by weight, in particular 5 to 40% by weight, more preferably 7 to 30% by weight, most preferably 10 to 20% by weight. -%, used.
• Polyalkylene glycols (polyglycols, polyglycol ethers, INCI Chemical Class: Polymeric Ethers) are known, predominantly linear, partly but also branched, polyethers which are hydroxyl-terminated polymers.
• the polyalkylene glycols having higher molecular weights are polymolecular, ie they consist of groups of macromolecules with different molecular weights.
• Preferred polyalkylene glycols are liquid at room temperature (20 ° C.) and preferably have a melting point of not more than 20 ° C., in particular not more than 15 ° C., more preferably not more than 10 ° C. and most preferably not more than 5 ° C. or even less than 0 ° C, up.
• the melting point is understood to mean the temperature at the transition point from the solid to the liquid state.
• the melting point of a particular polyalkylene glycol is - as far as not mentioned below - usually known from the literature or routinely determined by one of the conventional methods for melting point determination.
• the molecular weights of the polyalkylene glycols are preferably in the range from 200 to 5,000, in particular from 300 to 4,000, particularly preferably from 400 to 3,000 and very preferably from 500 to 2,000. In the various polyalkylene glycols described below, certain ranges may again be particularly advantageous.
• Polyethylene glycols (PEG) having an average relative molar mass of up to about 4,000 are preferred according to the invention.
• PEGs with molecular weights above 4,000 are all no longer liquid and therefore less suitable according to the invention.
• the molecular weights of the polyethylene glycols not only not more than 2,000 but even only up to 1,500, especially only up to 1,000 or even only up to 800, for example 400 or 600.
• Technically common is the indication of the average relative molecular weight following the indication "PEG", so that "PEG 200" is a polyethylene glycol characterized by a relative molecular weight of about 190 to about 210.
• PEG is hyphenated and immediately followed by a hyphen corresponding to the number n in the above general formula.
• Commercially available polyethylene glycols include PEG 200 / PEG-4, PEG 300 / PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG 400, PEG-9, PEG-10, PEG-12, PEG 600, PEG-14, PEG -16, PEG 800 / PEG-18, PEG-20, PEG 1000, PEG 1200, PEG 1500 / PEG-32, PEG-40, PEG 2000, PEG-55, PEG-60, PEG 3000, PEG 3350 / PEG- 75 and PEG 4000 / PEG-90, wherein the names according to the two nomenclatures for corresponding polyethylene glycols by the sign "/" are placed side by side separately.
• the polyethylene glycols commercially available, for example, under the trade names Carbowax ® (Union Carbide), Emkapol ® and Renex ® PEG (ICI), Lipoxol ® (DEA), polyglycol ® E (Dow), Pluracol ® E, Pluriol® ® E and Lutrol ® E ( BASF ) and polydiol (Cognis) available. Clariant also sells polyethylene glycols. Sources of supply of the polyethylene glycols, also referred to as INCI , which are also used as cosmetic ingredients, can be found in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook .
• Polypropylene glycols are, over a broad molecular weight range from 250 (PPG-4) to 4,000 (PPG-69), clear, nearly colorless liquids, whose designation is analogous to the previously described INCI nomenclature.
• PPG Polypropylene glycols
• the polypropylene glycols of the above general formula with values n of 5 or 6 are designated as PEG-5 and PEG-6, respectively.
• the low molecular weight polypropylene glycols are miscible with water, while the higher molecular weight representatives are less water soluble.
• the copolymers are preferably random copolymers and in particular block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran, propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran or ethylene oxide, Propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran, preferably from ethylene and propylene oxide, more preferably block copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxide.
• the molecular weights of the copolymers are very preferably not only 500 as previously mentioned, but even at least about 1,000.
• Statistical copolymers of a ethylene and b propylene oxide units which are preferred according to the invention are, for example, the following copolymers (molecular weight) designated PEG / PPG-a / b according to the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook , where a and b are average values: PEG / PPG-18/4 copolymer (1000), PEG / PPG-17/6 copolymer (1100), PEG / PPG-35/9 copolymer (2100) and PEG / PPG-23/50 copolymer (3900).
• Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide which are preferred according to the invention satisfy the formula HO (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) x ' H, in which x and x' represent mean values from 2 to 130 and z are means of 15 to 67, and are referred to by the international common name poloxamer , which is also used in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook . Each poloxamer is identified by a three-digit number. The first two digits, multiplied by 100, indicate the average molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol fraction and the last digit, multiplied by 10, the percentage of polyethylene glycol in wt.%.
• the preparation of the poloxamers is carried out in two stages, wherein initially added propylene oxide controlled at propylene glycol and the resulting polypropylene glycol block is bordered by subsequent addition of ethylene oxide of two polyethylene glycol blocks.
• Particularly preferred block copolymers are, for example, the following liquid poloxamer types (x, y, x ', molecular weight, in some cases melting point): poloxamer 101 (2, 16, 2, 1100, -32), poloxamer 122 (5, 21, 5, 1630; Poloxamer 123 (7, 21, 7, 1900, -1), poloxamer 105 (11, 16, 11, 1850, 7), poloxamer 181 (3, 30, 3, 2000, 29), poloxamer 124 Poloxamer 182 (8, 30, 8, 2500, -4), poloxamer 183 (10, 30, 10, 2650, 10), poloxamer 212 (8, 35, 8; 2750; -7), poloxamer 231 (6, 39, 6; 2750; -37), poloxamer 184 (13, 30, 13; 2900; Poloxamer 185 (19, 30, 19, 3400), poloxamer 282 (10, 47, 10, 3650, 7), poloxamer 331 (7, 54, 7, 3800, 23), polox
• the poloxamers available under the trade name Pluronic ® and Synperonic ® PE the one letter from the group L, P and F, and a two- or three-digit number is adjusted.
• the last digit is the same as the last digit of the poloxamer nomenclature and gives the preceding one- or two-digit numbers multiplied by 300 the approximate molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol portion or 3 multiplied by approximately that from the first two digits of the poloxamer nomenclature number ie, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12 in this order correspond to the two digit numbers 10, 12, 18, 21, 23, 28, 33 and 40 at the beginning of the number according to the Poloxamer nomenclature ,
• the letters distinguish between liquid (L), pasty (P) and solid (F) poloxamers.
• Poloxamer 101 is available as Pluronic ® L 31 and Synperonic ® PE L 31.
• Another class of suitable block copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxide satisfy the formula HO (CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O) y H.
• a polyethylene glycol Block of two polypropylene glycol blocks framed, while the poloxamers a polypropylene glycol block is bordered by two polyethylene glycol blocks.
• the preparation is again in two stages, with ethylene oxide initially being added in a controlled manner to ethylene glycol and the resulting polyethylene glycol block being enclosed by subsequent addition of propylene oxide with two polypropylene glycol blocks.
• Pluronic ® grades (molecular weight, melting point): Pluronic ® 10R5 (1950; 15), Pluronic ® 12R3 (1800; -20), Pluronic ® 17R1 (1900; -27) Pluronic ® 17R2 (2150 -25), Pluronic ® 17R4 (2650; 18), Pluronic ® 25R1 (2700; -5), Pluronic ® 25R2 (3100; -5), Pluronic ® 31R1 (3250 -25), and Pluronic ® 31R2 (3300; 9).
• Polyalkylene glycols are preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight, in particular 3 to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 15% by weight, very preferably 7 to 10% by weight. %, used.
• Non-aqueous carrier (s) is / are preferably in a total amount of 0.1 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably 15 to 35 parts by weight. %, most preferably 20 to 30 wt .-%, used.
• At least two nonaqueous carriers are used, in particular at least one solvent and at least one polyalkylene glycol, preferably in a weight ratio of solvent (s) to polyalkylene glycol (s) of from 10: 1 to 1:10, in particular from 5: 1 to 1 : 3, more preferably from 3: 1 to 1: 2 and most preferably from 2: 1 to 1: 1.
• the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention may contain enzymes.
• Suitable enzymes are those from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or mixtures thereof.
• Particularly suitable are bacterial strains or fungi, such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus derived enzymatic agents.
• subtilisin-type proteases and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used.
• Enzyme mixtures for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from protease, amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but in particular cellulase-containing mixtures are of particular interest. Peroxidases or oxidases have also proved suitable in some cases.
• the enzymes may be adsorbed to carriers and / or embedded in encapsulants to protect against premature degradation. More preferably, the enzymes are optimized for use under the conditions of manual rinsing, for example as regards the temperature of the rinsing process.
• the proportion of enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.
• Enzymes are added to the prior art multiphase detergent formulations, primarily detergent formulations such as machine dishwashing detergents intended for the main rinse of a dishwashing machine. Disadvantage was that again and again problems occurred in the stability of the enzymes in a strongly alkaline aqueous medium.
• the enzyme-containing component of a rinse-active preparation may be comprised in one of the other components or other enzyme-damaging components of the rinse-active preparation (s), separated from a water-soluble polymer material, thereby retaining the enzyme activity even upon prolonged storage remains.
• dyes in particular water-soluble or water-dispersible dyes.
• Dyes are preferred here, as they are usually used to improve the appearance of the optical product in detergents.
• the choice of such dyes is not difficult for a person skilled in the art, especially since such conventional dyes have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the rinse-active preparations and to light.
• the dyes are present in the dishwashing detergent portions in amounts of less than 0.01% by weight.
• Fragrances are added to the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention in order to improve the aesthetic overall impression of the products and to provide the consumer, in addition to the technical performance (good dishwashing result), a sensorically typical and unmistakable product.
• perfume oils or perfumes individual perfume compounds can be used, for example the synthetic products of the ester type, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons.
• Fragrance compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzylformate, ethylmethylphenylglycinate, allylcyclohexylpropionate, styrallylpropionate and benzylsalicylate.
• Ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether.
• the aldehydes include, for. B. linear alkanals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyl oxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, purple and bourgeonal.
• the ketones include the ionone, ⁇ -isomethylionone, and methyl cedryl ketone.
• the alcohols include anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol.
• the hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes such as limonene and pinene. Preference is given to using mixtures of different odoriferous substances which are adapted to one another in such a way that together they produce an attractive fragrance note.
• perfume oils may also contain natural fragrance mixtures as are available from plant sources. Examples are pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli, rose or ylang-ylang oil.
• the content of fragrances is in the range of up to 2% by weight of the total dishwashing detergent portion.
• the fragrances can be incorporated directly into the rinse-active preparations; but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers, which provide a slower fragrance release for long-lasting scent while rinsing.
• carrier materials for example, cyclodextrins have been proven.
• the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes can additionally be coated with other auxiliaries. Since such complexes are not soluble in dishwashing detergents, their separate placement in a rinse-active preparation or even separately from the rinse-active formulations is possible in the context of a separate enclosure with a water-soluble polymer material according to the invention.
• the perfumes and fragrances can in principle be contained in each of the partial portions (rinse-active preparations) of the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention. However, it is particularly preferred that they are contained in a dishwashing detergent portion whose ingredients do not react undesirably with these components to decompose or degrade.
• the dishwashing detergent portions may also contain polymers, for example polymers which are applied to hard surfaces (for example on porcelain and glass), have a positive influence on the oil and grease washability of these surfaces and thus specifically counteract re-soiling (so-called soil repellents ). This effect becomes particularly evident when a hard object (porcelain, glass) is contaminated which has already been washed several times previously with a dishwasher detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component.
• polymers for example polymers which are applied to hard surfaces (for example on porcelain and glass), have a positive influence on the oil and grease washability of these surfaces and thus specifically counteract re-soiling (so-called soil repellents ). This effect becomes particularly evident when a hard object (porcelain, glass) is contaminated which has already been washed several times previously with a dishwasher detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component.
• nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a methoxy group content of 15 to 30% by weight and hydroxypropoxy groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether .
• polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives thereof. Particularly preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers.
• components of the rinse-active preparations in the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention may, in a preferred embodiment, be antibacterial or bacteriostatic agents.
• triclosan 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether
• chloramine-T toluenesulfonyl chloride sodium salt
• Germall ® 115 imidazolidinylurea
• sodium, 2-phenoxyethanol , 1-phenoxy-2-propanol, 2-phenoxy-1-propanol benzoic acid and its salts, lactic acid and its salts, salicylic acid and its salts, sorbic acid and its salts, and natural or nature-identical plant extracts such.
• benzoic acid or carboxylic acids are primarily sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium salts into consideration.
• the dishwashing agent portions may contain one or more additional components selected from the group consisting of solubilizers, UV stabilizers, defoamers, structurants, corrosion inhibitors, preservatives, silver protectants and skin-protecting additives.
• solubilizers - in particular for perfume and dyes - also has an advantageous effect in the inventive compositions, for example of alkanolamines and / or alkylbenzenesulfonates having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, in particular cumene, toluene and xylenesulfonate, in amounts of up to 5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 3% by weight, especially 0.1 to 2% by weight.
• silver protectants are a variety of mostly cyclic organic compounds, which are also familiar to the person skilled in the art and contribute to prevent the tarnishing of silver-containing objects in the cleaning process. Specific examples may be benzotriazoles, triazoles and their complexes with metals such as Mn, Co, Zn, Fe, Mo, W or Cu.
• ingredients customary in manual dishwashing detergents such as, for example, UV stabilizers, defoamers (such as silicone oils, paraffin oils or mineral oils), structuring agents, corrosion inhibitors, preservatives, skin-friendly additives or the like, preferably in amounts of up to 5 wt .-%, be contained.
• the rinse-active preparations of the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention can be prepared by stirring the individual components together in any order and allowing the mixture to stand until free from bubbles.
• the batch order is not critical to the preparation of the dishwashing detergent portion of the invention.
• the correspondingly obtained rinse-active preparations can then be surrounded in a manner known per se from the prior art with enclosures of one or more water-soluble polymer material (s).
• a preferred embodiment of the invention is, for example, to provide a rinse-active preparation with a compartments forming a compartment or chamber of a water-soluble polymer material.
• This may be, for example, a foil pillow, a foil bag or a capsule.
• the dishwashing detergent portion with all the components of the detergent preparation required for the cleaning or rinse cycle, is contained in a closed compartment which adheres in a conventional way, welded or sealed in any other known from the prior art manner.
• a further, likewise preferred embodiment of the dishwashing detergent portion according to the invention can consist in that at least two rinse-active preparations are comprised of an enclosure of a water-soluble polymer material forming at least two compartments.
• This embodiment may be advantageous, for example, if individual components are to be contained in the dishwashing detergent portion, which react with other components immediately or only after prolonged storage or even upon the ingress of moisture or the like, leading to a reduction of the Effectiveness of the rinse-active preparation (s) overall or in connection with the efficacy of individual components.
• a typical example may be enzymes that undergo a loss of activity over time in a highly alkaline environment, and especially in the presence of water.
• components of the active ingredient preparation can be added, which can not be distributed evenly in a larger volume of the finished product or - despite initial uniform distribution - settle. These may be admixed with a dosed amount of the rinse-active preparation or provided in a separate compartment or a separate compartment which is connected to the compartment with the remaining components of the rinse-active preparation.
• the amount of the rinse-active preparation (s) in a compartment or a chamber of the dishwashing detergent portion is basically freely selectable.
• the compartment (s) of the dishwashing detergent portions according to the invention preferably contain an amount of at least 1 ml of one or more dishwashing preparation (s), more preferably an amount of from 1 to 10 ml of one or more dishwashing preparation (s). , very particularly preferably an amount of 1 to 5 ml of one or more rinse-active preparation (s).
• dishwasher detergent portions in the form of, for example, in foil pillows, sealed foil bags, capsules, etc. filled dishwasher detergent portions according to the invention can then be given prior to a manual rinse in the optionally tempered cleaning or rinsing liquor.
• the enclosure of the water-soluble polymer material (s) then dissolves quickly, releasing the rinse-active preparation (s) into the liquor.
• the rinse-active preparations have superior storage stability in the mold provided with the enclosure (s).
• the dosage of the rinse-active preparation in the liquor is reliable; Overdose or overdose is systematically avoided.
• a content of sensitive components in the rinse-active preparation (s) there is no reduction in effectiveness for lack of interaction with other components of the rinse-active preparation. For example, the effectiveness of enzymes is retained since they are kept separate from alkaline components of the preparation (s) and added only during the actual rinse.
• the dishwasher detergent portions had a good shelf life in the temperature range between 5 and 40 ° C.
• the rinsing and emulsifying properties were excellent.
• the films dissolved in a suitable for a manual rinse water of a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C in a short time without residue on. ⁇ b> Table 1 ⁇ / b> Ex.
• ABS alkylbenzenesulfonate
• FAES fatty alcohol ether sulfate
• butoxyisopropanol Dowanol ® PnB
• Polydiol 400 PEG 400
• Polydiol 600 PEG 600

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• 1999
  • 1999-10-21 DE DE19950925A patent/DE19950925A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2000
  • 2000-10-12 EP EP00971364A patent/EP1242574B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 2000-10-12 AU AU10240/01A patent/AU1024001A/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 2000-10-12 ES ES00971364T patent/ES2292478T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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