EP1215699A1 - Lampe à décharge à haute pression et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute pression et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1215699A1
EP1215699A1 EP01000721A EP01000721A EP1215699A1 EP 1215699 A1 EP1215699 A1 EP 1215699A1 EP 01000721 A EP01000721 A EP 01000721A EP 01000721 A EP01000721 A EP 01000721A EP 1215699 A1 EP1215699 A1 EP 1215699A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
electrode
section
current
gas discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01000721A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günther Dr. Derra
Hanns Ernst Dr. Fischer
Dieter Leers
Holger Dr. Moench
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Publication of EP1215699A1 publication Critical patent/EP1215699A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to high-pressure gas discharge lamps (HID [high intensity discharge] lamps or UHP [ultra high performance] lamps), and in particular to high-pressure mercury lamps with mercury fill quantities of between approximately 0.05 and 0.5 mg / mm 3 , the at least have an electrode with an electrode rod which is provided at one end with a thickened, for example spherical, electrode section.
  • the invention further relates to a lighting unit with such a high-pressure gas discharge lamp and a power supply unit for supplying the lamp with operating parameters adapted to it, and a method for producing the lamp.
  • the free Ends of the electrode rods extend into a lamp bulb with a gas atmosphere, which enables the formation of an arc in the operating state.
  • the other Ends are through a passage through the piston with connecting pins for an operating voltage connected.
  • Electrodes of this type can be relatively simple are made of tungsten and are generally known.
  • a major disadvantage of these electrodes is that the thermal conductivity is generally relatively low and not reproducible, since the thermal Contact between the windings and the rod as well as between the individual windings can change during the life of the lamp. Especially with lamps with short Arcing (for example, about 1 mm) can change these effects Lamp properties, i.e. the optical output power and the required Cause operating voltage up to 30 percent. Even with short-arc lamps (e.g. UHF lamps) these problems occur essentially regardless of whether the Windings are fused with the electrode or not, because these lamps at such high Temperatures (more than 3000 K) are operated that also the fused parts can change. Electrodes to avoid this problem from a corresponding strong solid tungsten rod are formed, are expensive and complicated to manufacture.
  • a major disadvantage of this lamp is that the lamp current is very high must be precisely adjusted and kept very constant around the spherical section to produce and keep melted to the extent necessary. Just a few Percent higher current can cause the entire section and part of the rod the electrode melts, making the section larger and the distance to the opposite electrode is changed significantly and permanently. This effect works with short arcs so strong that the limit current is adhered to extremely precisely to be able to operate a short-arc lamp with this type of electrode stably. In addition, this limit current changes during the switch-on phase depending on the increasing pressure of the gas vapor in the lamp changes.
  • Another disadvantage of this lamp is that the electrode spacing changes during extended the life of the lamp. This is essentially due to the fact that the free Iodine atmosphere to prevent blackening of the walls, the transport of tungsten from the hot electrode tip to the back of the electrode accelerated. This disadvantage also has a particularly strong effect on short-arc lamps that with these electrodes a maximum lifespan of only a few hundred hours aufwisen.
  • An object on which the invention is based is therefore a high-pressure gas discharge lamp of the type mentioned and a lighting unit with a to create such a lamp that is stable and stable throughout its life allows fluctuation-free operation with essentially constant electrode spacing, without special requirements for the accuracy and consistency of the Lamp current must be set.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method create with such a high pressure gas discharge lamp particularly simple and can be produced inexpensively.
  • the first-mentioned object is achieved on the one hand according to claim 1 with a High-pressure gas discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset, which is distinguished by that the thickened electrode section as a function of operating parameters of the lamp is dimensioned so that it does not melt during normal lamp operation, but that it does an electrode tip on the electrode section during the first hours of operation of the lamp trained until it melts in the area of an arc.
  • the solution is provided with a lighting unit with a High-pressure gas discharge lamp of this type and a power supply unit for supplying the lamp with operating parameters adapted to them in such a way that the thickened electrode section does not melt in normal lamp operation, but that during the the first hours of operation of the lamp on the electrode section as long as an electrode tip trains until it melts in the area of the base of an arc.
  • the operating parameters mentioned are in particular the level of the operating voltage and the operating current as well as their temporal courses and frequencies.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that one with a Such an electrode provided the electrode tip during the first hours of operation the lamp builds itself, this process automatically ends when that front end of the tip begins to melt.
  • a particular advantage of this solution is therefore that the electrode tip in the Is self-stabilizing in terms of its length. This makes a complex optimization of the No need for electrode spacing.
  • the tip of the electrode has melted in the area of the arc.
  • the thickened section has a mass which is substantially greater in relation to the tip has and thus serves as a heat buffer or for heat radiation, the remaining part the electrode much lower temperatures, so the lamp has a very high Has lifespan.
  • a method for manufacturing is according to claim 7 a high-pressure gas discharge lamp, which is characterized in that that an electrode rod is thickened at one end to manufacture the electrode Section is provided and an electrode tip on this section during the first Hours of operation of the lamp is formed with a current which is essentially that Operating current of the lamp corresponds, the thickened section depending on this current is measured.
  • the main advantage of this method is that it is particularly simple and is inexpensive because the usually very complex manufacture of the electrodes is largely does not apply or to the generation of the thickened section on the electrode rod is limited.
  • Lamp preferably combined with a power supply with which one is available general mains voltage in the operating voltage having the stated properties is converted for the lamp.
  • Power supplies of this type are, for example, in the WO95 / 35645, WO00 / 36882 and WO00 / 36883, which are disclosed by reference to be made part of this disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a short-arc high-pressure gas discharge lamp 1 which has an elliptical lamp bulb 2 made of quartz glass or of a ceramic material with a light exit window.
  • the gas contains mercury vapor in the flask, to which about 0.001 to 10 ⁇ mol / cm 3 bromine (or chlorine) is added, so that a regenerative tungsten cycle can be excited. Together with the oxygen present in the bulb 2, the walls of the bulb are simultaneously prevented from becoming cloudy during the operation of the lamp.
  • Electrode 7, 8 made of tungsten. These ends each have a substantially spherical shape Electrode section 9, 10 while the other ends of the electrodes each are connected to an electrically conductive film 5,6, for example made of molybdenum Piston 2 continues on the long side in the form of cylindrical quartz parts 3, 4 in which the Foils 5 and 6 are introduced in a vacuum-tight manner guided connecting pins 11, 12 attached, via which the lamp current is supplied.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of one of the electrodes 7, 8 in different phases of formation Presentation.
  • the processes described below using the electrode 7 as an example and processes in AC operation of the lamp also affect the other in the same way Electrode 8.
  • the starting material in the production is an electrode rod 20 Tungsten with a diameter of approximately 0.4 mm.
  • These dimensions apply to lamp currents from approximately 1.5 to 2.5 A, although other dimensions may be useful for other currents.
  • As a more general A reasonable range has been found for a lamp current between approximately 0.5 and 8 A (UHP lamp with 50 - 500 W) a rod diameter between 0.2 and 0.7 mm and a diameter of the spherical section between 0.5 and 3.0 mm. It is in the generally advantageous if the diameter of the spherical section is approximately 1.5 is up to 5 times the rod diameter.
  • the spherical section 9 can by melting one end of the rod 20 or in other ways, such as by mechanically compressing a preheated one Tungsten wire are generated so that the electrode 7 shown in Figure 2 (b) is formed.
  • a preheated one Tungsten wire are generated so that the electrode 7 shown in Figure 2 (b) is formed.
  • the spherical shape there are also other spherical shapes, such as conical ones Sections or other "thickening" possible, in particular flatter Sections for higher frequencies of the operating voltage of the lamp can be selected.
  • the lamp according to FIG. 1 is then produced with two electrodes 7, 8 of this type.
  • the relatively large diameter of the in relation to the diameter of the rod 20 spherical section 9, (10) causes this section in the operation of the Lamp is not heated as much as is the case with well-known electrode tips. This has the advantage, among other things, that the tungsten is transported from the tip towards on the rear parts of the electrode is much lower than in the beginning known electrodes described.
  • the shape with which the electrode tip 19 is built up can primarily by the Size of the thickened section and the frequency of the lamp current can be influenced.
  • the lamps were with a power of 120 watts at about 80 volts with a Lamp current operated at a frequency f of 90 Hz.
  • the relationship between the mean amplitude of the current pulse and the mean amplitude of the Lamp current can be between 0.6 and 2 and the ratio between the duration of the Current pulse and a half period of the lamp current are between 0.05 and 0.15.
  • the proportion of the lamp by the Current pulse energy is preferably between 5 and 15 percent of the energy, that was supplied to the lamp by the lamp current for half a period.
  • the tip thus has a diameter that is the same as that of the electrode rod.
  • the length Le of the resulting electrode tip 19 is of the diameter Dk of the spherical section 9 (10) dependent.
  • This connection is in Figure 4 shown in the for a diameter of the electron rod of 400 microns for different diameter Dk of section 9 (10) the length Le of the electrode tip (Rectangle symbols) is plotted.
  • the lamps were again with an output of 120 watts at about 80 volts with an operating current with a frequency f of 90 Hz and operated a current form according to the description in connection with Figure 3.
  • the length Le of the electrode tip 19 is, however, also clearly dependent on the lamp current and the power of the lamp. The higher these two values are, the shorter it is emerging tip 19.
  • the lamp current and the power of the lamp determine the total energy input into the electrodes, the size of the spherical section 9 (10) in turn affects the energy radiation. One chooses for the practical application the size of this section so that there is a long lamp life.
  • the number of the first operating hours during which the electrode tip 19 forms, is about an hour for a length of the tip of about 200 ⁇ m and for a length of Tip of about 1 mm at about 50 hours.
  • the tip 19 gradually increases during formation until its front end is like this it gets hot that it melts. When the front end has melted there is no more Watch growth. So if according to the context explained above the operating parameters are set such that the tip 19 has a length of approximately 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm is reached, so is the final electron gap after the end of the first Operating hours about 0.2 to 2.0 mm shorter than the distance between the spherical sections 9 and 10 before the lamp is turned on for the first time.
  • an electrode shape is created, which is formed by a relatively thin electrode rod 20, a relatively large ball-like electrode section 9 (10) and a thin electrode tip 19 is formed.
  • Section 9 (10) is dimensioned so that it is a good one Has heat radiation properties and is cold enough to be reliable and to achieve stable operation of the lamp over several thousand hours.
  • the arising in the company Electrode tip 19 has a molten area at its front end which is small enough to ensure a stable approach to the arc. This especially concerns high pressure UHP lamps. Trials have shown that stability of the arc over the entire service life is much better than with known ones Electrode shapes.
  • the problems can also be solved due to the assembly and the tolerances of the lateral distance between electrodes.
  • the spherical section initially enables the formation of a horizontal one Arc.
  • the arc then grows when the lamp is in operation during the first hours of operation, the tips again melted until their front ends melted are. Since this depends on their mutual distance, be lateral Tolerances balanced.
  • an electrode can also be used that already has a preformed tip. This means that during the first hours of operation occurring, relatively high changes in voltage and the reduction of Electrode distance significantly reduced.
  • the preformed tip should Have dimensions that are similar to those that are in normal operation later surrendered by itself.
  • the electrode can also be produced in such a way that one end of a rod according to FIG. 2 (a) one or more windings are applied which are used for Example made of the same material as the rod.
  • the spherical or another spherical section (“thickening") can then by complete or partial Merging this area of the rod provided with the windings is relatively easy be generated
  • the use of the electrodes according to the invention is not limited to short-arc lamps, even if they are there due to the high load on the electrodes Lamps and the self-adjusting, very small distance between the electrodes special Have advantages.
  • the formation of the electrode tip is dependent on the lamp current in relation to the size, that is, the heat radiation ability of the spherical portion and thus of depending on the temperature arising there. This temperature should be as high as possible but not so high that the section melts.
  • a is preferably one Power supply provided that converts a general mains voltage into a supply voltage for the Lamp converts.
  • a power supply unit is shown by way of example in FIG. 5.
  • the general the mains voltage is an AC voltage that is applied to input terminals K1, K2 the power supply.
  • the power supply unit comprises a circuit unit A with which the Mains voltage is converted into an AC voltage for the lamp LA.
  • the purpose is a first device 30 for converting the mains voltage into a DC voltage, and a commutator 31 for converting the DC voltage into the Lamp AC voltage provided.
  • the power supply also includes a control unit B, with which the circuit unit A so is applied that, for example, a predeterminable number of half-periods or every half period of the lamp current with an additional current pulse of the same polarity as the relevant period is overlaid.
  • a control unit B with which the circuit unit A so is applied that, for example, a predeterminable number of half-periods or every half period of the lamp current with an additional current pulse of the same polarity as the relevant period is overlaid.
  • a suitable circuit for such a control unit is in the WO95 / 35645.
  • control unit B can also serve to start the lamp current a half period relative to an average current in normal operation, whereby achieved a particularly stable and diffuse approach to the arc with certain electrodes
  • a corresponding control unit is described in WO00 / 36883.
  • control unit B can also determine the lamp current as a function of certain Operating conditions or requirements affect that with corresponding Sensor means are detected, such as the temperature or by the lamp flowing electricity or the strength and fluctuations of the light generated.
  • suitable control unit is disclosed in WO00 / 36882.
  • the other operating parameters mentioned above such as the frequency of the Lamp voltage can optimally match the lamp type with such a power supply or certain operating conditions can be adjusted.
  • the power supply is therefore preferred combined with a lamp to form a lighting unit designed for a particular Use case, such as optimized for projection purposes.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP01000721A 2000-12-16 2001-12-06 Lampe à décharge à haute pression et procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP1215699A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10062974 2000-12-16
DE10062974A DE10062974A1 (de) 2000-12-16 2000-12-16 Hochdruckgasentladungslampe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1215699A1 true EP1215699A1 (fr) 2002-06-19

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ID=7667574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01000721A Withdrawn EP1215699A1 (fr) 2000-12-16 2001-12-06 Lampe à décharge à haute pression et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6552499B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1215699A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4094845B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100868172B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100342482C (fr)
DE (1) DE10062974A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW521301B (fr)

Cited By (2)

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WO2008068667A2 (fr) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Lampe torche équipée d'une lampe à décharge à vapeur de mercure haute pression
US7714522B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2010-05-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp

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AU2003276586A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. High-pressure discharge lamp
WO2004064409A1 (fr) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-29 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Procede pour representer une image video au moyen d'un projecteur
JP2004296427A (ja) * 2003-03-13 2004-10-21 Ushio Inc 超高圧水銀ランプ発光装置
CN101292324B (zh) 2003-05-26 2012-11-14 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 具有改进的颜色稳定性的无钍电极
DE602004012450T2 (de) * 2003-12-19 2009-03-19 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer entladungslampe
US20050168148A1 (en) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-04 General Electric Company Optical control of light in ceramic arctubes
JP2008506231A (ja) * 2004-07-09 2008-02-28 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 高輝度放電ランプに対する電極
JP2008541371A (ja) * 2005-05-11 2008-11-20 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 高輝度放電ランプに対する電極
US7519441B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2009-04-14 General Electric Company Systems, methods and apparatus for powered assistance of a motorized support device
JP4752478B2 (ja) * 2005-12-13 2011-08-17 ウシオ電機株式会社 光源装置
WO2007077504A2 (fr) * 2006-01-03 2007-07-12 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Lampe à décharge de vapeurs de mercure à haute pression et procédé de fabrication d’une lampe à décharge de vapeurs de mercure à haute pression
JP4972992B2 (ja) * 2006-05-10 2012-07-11 ウシオ電機株式会社 高圧放電ランプ点灯装置
US8128074B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2012-03-06 General Electric Company Automatic tensioning mount for belts
JP5002020B2 (ja) * 2006-12-13 2012-08-15 オスラム アクチエンゲゼルシャフト 放電ランプを動作させるための回路、および放電ランプの動作方法
KR100856386B1 (ko) * 2007-01-11 2008-09-04 대성전기공업 주식회사 에이치아이디 램프 안정기
US7566170B2 (en) * 2007-03-22 2009-07-28 Matthew Aaron Halsmer Systems, methods and apparatus of an image receptor arm
JP5187704B2 (ja) * 2007-09-21 2013-04-24 オスラム ゲーエムベーハー 直流電流放電ランプ
US7758215B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2010-07-20 General Electric Company PAR lamp with short arc HID bulb and cut-out in aluminum to prevent arcing
JP5309775B2 (ja) * 2008-08-07 2013-10-09 セイコーエプソン株式会社 放電灯の駆動装置および駆動方法、光源装置並びに画像表示装置
DE102009006338B4 (de) * 2009-01-27 2018-06-28 Osram Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe mit Gleichspannungsphasen und elektronisches Betriebsgerät zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe sowie Projektor, welche dieses Verfahren nutzen
CN104409315B (zh) * 2013-11-15 2017-08-25 朱惠冲 一种陶瓷金卤灯电极及其制备方法
CN106373860B (zh) * 2016-11-18 2018-02-27 常州玉宇电光器件有限公司 中压放电灯及其制造工艺以及水处理杀菌方法

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 09 31 July 1998 (1998-07-31) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7714522B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2010-05-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp
WO2008068667A2 (fr) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Lampe torche équipée d'une lampe à décharge à vapeur de mercure haute pression
WO2008068667A3 (fr) * 2006-12-04 2008-09-04 Philips Intellectual Property Lampe torche équipée d'une lampe à décharge à vapeur de mercure haute pression

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US6552499B2 (en) 2003-04-22
JP4094845B2 (ja) 2008-06-04
DE10062974A1 (de) 2002-06-20
CN100342482C (zh) 2007-10-10
KR20020048299A (ko) 2002-06-22
KR100868172B1 (ko) 2008-11-12
TW521301B (en) 2003-02-21
JP2002245965A (ja) 2002-08-30
US20020117968A1 (en) 2002-08-29
CN1360334A (zh) 2002-07-24

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