Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
  • B65G69/003—Restraining movement of a vehicle at a loading station using means not being part of the vehicle
  • B65G69/005—Restraining movement of a vehicle at a loading station using means not being part of the vehicle the means engaging at least one wheel of the vehicle

Definitions

• Retaining device for wheels of a vehicle
• the invention relates to a holding device for wheels of a vehicle on a loading ramp with the generic features of the preamble of claim 1.
• EP-B 0452519 and EP-0548633 show a hook that holds the underrun protection of the vehicle.
• the disadvantage of these systems is that not all vehicles have an underrun protection or the space that is required to turn the hook up is too small.
• EP-A 0609049 has the disadvantage that weather influences such as ice and snow can easily impair the effectiveness of the device.
• EP-A 0580415 has the disadvantage that it has to be installed in the ground, which entails high costs.
• the PCT / US95 / 24353, PCT / US96 / 18863, PCT / US95 / 13098 and DE-GM 29610922 use a system in which the wheel of the vehicle actuates a driver which is connected to the actual locking mechanism via an elastic element.
• the blocking device is pulled behind the wheel by means of this element.
• the disadvantage of these systems is that, due to different wheel diameters, the force with which the locking mechanism presses against the wheel when starting off is always different and can lead to problems with dirty and icy wheels.
• the aim of the invention is to improve the system of PCT / EP98 / 02105 in such a way that the force acting on the tube when unlocking can be controlled and that vehicles which have very little ground clearance, if not locked, then at least unlocked to the ramp can reach.
• the holding device consists of a base plate (1) with lateral guide rails (2) attached to it and a tube (3) which is guided on both sides in movable carriages (7) along the guide rails (2) and by drives (10) via circumferential tension elements ( 9) can be moved towards the ramp and away from the ramp, in which an initiator for starting the drives (10) when starting the rearmost wheels of a vehicle is provided, the tube (3) in the carriage (7) is pivotally mounted, which Drives (10) can exert a constant force on the slide (7) for a long time and the slide can be locked in a ramp-side end position.
• the drive devices (10) have the special feature that the force exerted can be kept constant over a long time, which makes them act like a linear tension spring.
• the great advantage here is that the tensile force is only applied after the rearmost wheels have crossed the tube (3) and that the tensile force is constant over the entire retention area.
• Both parts of the holding device have their own parking brake (23), with which the tube (3) can be fixed in an end position when the vehicle is docked.
• the base plate (1) preferably consists of two partial plates, which cover the area traveled by the vehicle wheels in the longitudinal direction and with at their ends transverse webs are connected Since the entire system is mounted on this base plate (1) on which the wheels to be locked are placed, they hold the entire device in place due to their own weight. Expensive anchoring and foundations are therefore unnecessary
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of one part of the device (without the wheel)
• FIG. 3 shows a front view of a device part with the tube in its upper position
• FIG. 4 shows a front view of a part of the device with the tube in the rest position
• FIG. 5 shows the drive device
• FIG. 6a shows a ramp with the guide roller in the upper position
• FIG. 6b shows the slide with the pivoting plate in this upper position
• FIG. 7a shows a drive-up slope with the guide roller at the start of rolling up and FIG. 7b shows the section through FIG. 7a,
• Fig. 8a the ramp in case of resistance to the lifting of the tube and Fig. 8b the carriage and
• Fig. 9 show a different design of the ramp
• the base plate (1) is shown, which can also consist of two partial plates connected by webs at their ends and on each of which a guide rail (2) is attached to the side of the vehicle parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (not shown)
• the bottom plate has a drive device (10) on each guide rail (2), and the opposite end has drive plates (20) in front of the tube (3) that is at rest for driving over the tube (3)
• a carriage (7) with rollers (8) runs in each of the guide rails (2), which can have a laterally open U-profile or a double-T profile.
• the carriages (7) can be moved by circumferential tension elements (9), which run on the ramp-side end over the Ant ⁇ ebs device (10) and on the end remote from the ramp over the deflection rollers (1 1), are moved in both directions.
• the deflection rollers (1 1) can preferably be moved linearly by spring force away from the ramp by Tension elements (9) to keep excited.
• Triangular pivot plates (4) are preferably mounted on the carriage (7) so as to be rotatable about an axis (5), which at the other end of their base
• the tube (3) is preferably bent in a U-shape in its central part in order to ensure more ground clearance for approaching vehicles. It wears in the outer areas with the
• Vehicle wheels come in contact around the tube rotatable locking rollers (18) and in the middle a roller (19).
• the guide roller (6) rests on the top of the guide rail (2) in the idle state.
• an upward swiveling ramp (12) which, in the idle state, rests with its lower end in the direction of the ramp in front of the guide roller (6) on the guide rail (2).
• a guide plate (17) is attached to the outer part (16) at a distance of slightly more than the diameter of the guide roller (6).
• 6a, 6a, 7a, 7b is preferably possible, in which this ramp is carried by an L-shaped pivoting member (13) which acts against a spring force (14) is rotatable about an axis (15) mounted on the outer parts (16).
• the fulcrum is to be chosen so that an opening is created between the ramp (12) at the lower end and the guide rail (2) when twisting, which corresponds at least to the diameter of the guide roller (6).
• the drive devices (10) each consist of a motor (21) and a drive drum (22) driven thereby. They have a peculiarity. They are designed so that the applied force is always constant, and thus pipe (3) on the blocking rollers (18) always presses against the wheels of the vehicle with the same force. The speed or a standstill of the vehicle during the run-in also play no role. The starting speed of the drive devices (10) is so great that it is certainly higher than the running-in speed of the vehicle and the constant force can be maintained for a long time even when the vehicle is stationary. As soon as they have started up, the drive devices (10) have roughly the behavior of a linear spring. This can be achieved by frequency regulators, by special magnetic motors or by other measures known to the person skilled in the art, such as an electronic control.
• the drive drums (22) for the traction elements (9) are provided with parking brakes (23) which block the system when the vehicle is standing on the ramp.
• the parking brakes (23) can also engage the motor (21) or directly on the Acting tension elements (9)
• Friction brakes are preferred, but the blocking can also be achieved, for example, by means of pawls engaging in a ring gear in particular hydraulically, pneumatically or by means of an electric linear drive.
• the braking process can be initiated manually by the operating personnel, but also by suitable other devices
• the function of the retaining device is explained in more detail below with the aid of an embodiment using the drawings.
• the rearmost wheels of a vehicle approaching the ramp roll over the pipe (3) and actuate an initiator (not shown), which, for example, is a pressure switch under the drive plates (20 ), designed as a light barrier between the guide rails (2) or similar.
• This initiator activates the drive devices (10), which try to move the slide (7) and thus the pipe (3) in the direction of the ramp immediately by means of the rotating traction elements (9) pull
• the two guide rollers (6) come onto the ramps (12) and thus cause the swivel plates (4) to rotate about the axes (5).
• the tube (3) is pivoted upwards.
• the drive devices (10) are switched off and the parking brakes (23) of the drive drums (22) for the traction elements (9) are activated.
• the vehicle is now locked.
• the locking itself can be done by detecting certain positions, but it is done preferably by deliberate action by the ramp personnel
• the parking brakes (23) are released again.
• the drive devices (10) pull the slide (7) with the tube (3) away from the ramp, the swivel plates (4) with the tube (3) fold back onto the floor and are pulled away from the ramp.
• the guide rollers (6) run on the guide rails (2) and pivot in the given direction Time of the ramps (12) until they are retired If the rolling back wheel of the vehicle does not allow the tube (3) to be folded down, the guide plates (17) ensure that the guide rollers (6) are guided down and that Pipe (3) thus returns to the rest position
• a design of the ramp (12) of the type shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, as illustrated in FIGS. 8a and 8b, has the advantage that if the tube (3) encounters resistance when the pivoting plate (4) is folded up, the ramp ( 12) is pressed down by the guide roller (6), as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 8b, and the tube (3) thus falls back into its retirement.
• the drive-up bracket (12) then folds back into its starting position and the drive devices still running ( 10) now try again to pull the carriage (7) and to fold the swivel plate (4) and thus the tube (3) behind the following wheels into an elevated position.
• This special feature makes it possible that not only the rearmost pair of wheels, but one of the next pairs of wheels can also be locked
• the device according to this innovation it is also possible to pull non-braked vehicles to the ramp by suitably adjusting the torque of the drive devices (10). Furthermore, it is also possible to use the described device only as a one-sided locking device, i.e. only with a guide rail and one Execute sled with swivel plate, which only needs to be adapted to the static requirements

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Handcart (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8076108

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 1999
  • 1999-07-14 DE DE29912260U patent/DE29912260U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2000
  • 2000-05-19 SK SK1928-2001A patent/SK19282001A3/sk unknown
  • 2000-05-19 CZ CZ20014654A patent/CZ20014654A3/cs unknown
  • 2000-05-19 PL PL00353179A patent/PL353179A1/xx unknown
  • 2000-05-19 WO PCT/EP2000/004522 patent/WO2001005693A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-05-19 EP EP00935069A patent/EP1194356A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2001
  • 2001-12-14 NO NO20016122A patent/NO20016122D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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