EP1173595A1 - Verwendung von coxsackieviren zur verbesserung der transfektion von zellen - Google Patents
Verwendung von coxsackieviren zur verbesserung der transfektion von zellenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173595A1 EP1173595A1 EP00922656A EP00922656A EP1173595A1 EP 1173595 A1 EP1173595 A1 EP 1173595A1 EP 00922656 A EP00922656 A EP 00922656A EP 00922656 A EP00922656 A EP 00922656A EP 1173595 A1 EP1173595 A1 EP 1173595A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- particle
- seq
- cells
- cvb3
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/86—Viral vectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
- C12N15/88—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microencapsulation, e.g. using amphiphile liposome vesicle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
- C12N2770/00011—Details
- C12N2770/32011—Picornaviridae
- C12N2770/32311—Enterovirus
- C12N2770/32322—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
- C12N2770/00011—Details
- C12N2770/32011—Picornaviridae
- C12N2770/32311—Enterovirus
- C12N2770/32341—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
- C12N2770/32343—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2840/00—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system
- C12N2840/20—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system translation of more than one cistron
- C12N2840/203—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system translation of more than one cistron having an IRES
Definitions
- the present invention is generally concerned with the use of coxsackieviruses (hereinafter: CV) to improve the transfection of cells.
- CV coxsackieviruses
- Coxsackieviruses belong to the Picornaviridae family and are divided into subgroup A with serotypes 1-22 and 24 and subgroup B with serotypes 1-6. While the invention generally starts from coxsackieviruses, the invention is particularly concerned with coxsackieviruses of subgroup B, preferably of serotype B3.
- transfection means not only the introduction of DNA or RNA into cells, but also the introduction of peptides into cells. The transfection can thus be used for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes, in particular gene therapy.
- the present invention pays particular attention to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cardiac diseases, which are becoming increasingly important, particularly in the industrialized nations.
- cardiac diseases which are becoming increasingly important, particularly in the industrialized nations.
- cardiac muscle-specific gene transfer systems for the selective modulation of the endogenous is Cardiac myocyte gene activity is of great clinical importance for the future treatment of a variety of congenital and acquired heart muscle diseases.
- ideal vector systems for the controlled modulation of the endogenous gene activities of cardiac myocytes have so far not been available.
- This liposome formulation is sold by GIBCO / BRL under the trade name LIPOFECTIN ® .
- Lipofection is now a recognized method for introducing recombinant DNA into cells and expressing it there. Since lipofection is viral vector with respect to safety Systems is superior, attempts are increasingly being made to use this technique for the gene therapy of metabolic or tumor diseases. However, the efficiency is low in most applications, in particular in the case of primary cultures or in vivo applications, the known liposome systems have so far not been very suitable.
- CVB3 a subgroup B coxsackie virus with serotype 3 is a picornavirus with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity and a genome size of only 7.4 kb.
- adenoviruses have a genome size of 48 kb.
- the complete nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of this infectious CBV3 variant is described in Klump et al., Journal of Virology, 1990, pages 1573-1783.
- the cDNA-derived virus is reported to have the same tropism and plaque morphology as the wild type.
- Kern et al. describe that the inactivated CVB3 increases the transfection mediated by the liposome formulation DOTAP (Bschreibinger).
- the maximal Transfection efficiency is reported for the use of 10 pfu (plaque-forming units) of inactivated CVB3 per cell, it was up to 6 times higher for the reporter gene of the ⁇ -galactosidase than when the reporter gene construction was transfected exclusively with DOTAP.
- this object is achieved by non-infectious particles or peptides derived from the coxsackie virus, preferably from CVB, which are suitable for acting endosomolytically in the context of a transfection of cells or for enhancing endocytosis.
- the particles are selected from the group consisting of:
- CV preferably CVB-A, particles formed by cleavage of virus protein 4
- CV preferably CVB, provirus particles in which virus proteins 2 and 4 are still fused
- the peptide which preferably comprises less than 30 amino acids, is advantageously selected from the group:
- peptides or polypeptides which comprise the amino acid sequence of one of the peptides from a) or b).
- the inventors of the present application have in fact recognized that particles or peptides derived from the CV, preferably CVB, more preferably from CVB3, can be used for gene transfer, since they have an endosomolytic effect and / or increase endocytosis.
- the use of these particles and / or peptides makes the process of transfection very inexpensive, on the one hand, since extremely high yields are obtained during production, very simple cleaning is possible, and very small peptides / particles are used which have a significantly lower number have more immunogenic epitopes than adenovirus or influenza viruses.
- the inventors were able to show that optimal biological effects result with much smaller amounts of peptides than with adenoviruses, the greater biological effectiveness is also accompanied by a reduction in immunogenicity.
- Another advantage of using the particles and peptides is that they are not infectious in any case, and in many cases UV radiation to inactivate the RNA can also be dispensed with.
- a method for producing such a particle has the steps:
- Isolating native CV preferably CVB particles
- Heating the isolated CV preferably CVB particles for 5-20 minutes, preferably about 10 minutes, to above 45 ° C, preferably about 51 ° C.
- CV-A particles can also be produced using the following process:
- the present invention further relates to a method for the transfection of cells, preferably cardiac myocytes with a polyanion, preferably a therapeutic gene sequence, in which at least one particle or peptide of the type mentioned above is used to enhance the transfection, preferably before Transfection a complex of the polyanion, the peptide and a cationic lipid, preferably DOTMA is formed.
- a particle or peptide of the type mentioned above is used to enhance the transfection, preferably before Transfection a complex of the polyanion, the peptide and a cationic lipid, preferably DOTMA is formed.
- the particles and peptides mentioned generally have an endosomolytic effect, that is to say ensure that the new method is highly efficient, there is a particular advantage in lipofection of cardiac myocytes.
- endosomolysis can have organ-specific aspects, so that the use of particles and peptides derived from the CV, preferably the CVB3, is the method of choice for gene transfer to the heart muscle. It has been shown that other viruses are nowhere near as efficient, in particular adenoviruses have no way of colonizing this organ as efficiently as the cardiotrophic CVB3.
- the transfected polyanion can be a DNA, an RNA or a correspondingly charged protein with a therapeutic effect.
- the invention further relates to a method for formulating complexes for the transfer of polyanions, preferably a therapeutic gene sequence in cells, preferably cardiac myocytes, in which the polyanion is incubated with at least one peptide or particles of the type mentioned above.
- the peptide is preincubated with a cationic lipid, preferably with DOTMA, before incubation with the polyanion.
- a cationic lipid preferably with DOTMA
- the present invention also relates to the use of a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above for the therapy, diagnosis or prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases, in particular cardiomyopathies.
- the invention further relates to the use of a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above as an agent for improving the transfection of cells, preferably cardiac myocytes, in particular for improving lipofection in gene therapy.
- the peptides and particles found can not only be used in the scientific field or for individual preparation, they are also suitable for general use in less specialized hospitals or medical practices.
- the present invention also relates to a therapeutic composition with a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above, and a kit for the formulation of transfectable complexes, in particular for gene therapy, which contains a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above.
- a therapeutic composition with a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above and a kit for the formulation of transfectable complexes, in particular for gene therapy, which contains a peptide or particle of the type mentioned above.
- Such therapeutic compositions and kits can contain the particles and / or peptides in stock solutions or already in final concentrations, it also being possible for the further required reagents, for example the liposome formulation, to be present in the kit.
- the peptides and particles can be generated enzymatically on the one hand by digesting virus particles, but on the other hand also by genetic engineering.
- the invention further relates to a replicable expression vector which contains a gene sequence which expressively codes for a peptide or particles of the type mentioned above.
- the invention further relates to a DNA isolate with a DNA sequence which codes for the peptide or protein of the type mentioned above.
- replication-incompetent virus particles are used due to genetic manipulation, on the one hand there is a very high level of security, because these particles can only be replicated in a helper cell that provides the destroyed functions in trans. These particles can then also be used for lipofection without further inactivation by UV radiation or thermal treatment.
- the replication-incompetent virus particles are produced, for example, by deleting coding genome sequences, preferably the VP2 and VP3 regions, which contain the information for the replication-relevant proteins. On the other hand, these replication-relevant gene functions can also be destroyed by point mutations.
- the deleted sequences are replaced by other sequences, preferably non-coding sequences, in order to restore the optimal genome size for the packaging.
- the deleted or mutated genome sequences are then made available in helper cells according to the invention.
- the present invention also relates to a vector plasmid with at least one DNA sequence which codes for a genetically modified CV, preferably CVB, more preferably CVB3 genome, in which parts of the coding sequence are exchanged or changed, so that the Virus genome is not infectious, and with a promoter upstream of the DNA sequence.
- the invention further relates to a helper construct for complementing the portions of the coding sequence of the virus genome which have been changed or exchanged in the vector plasmid.
- This helper construct can be a helper plasmid, a viral vector or a helper cell which is stably transfected with helper DNA coding for at least one of the exchanged or changed sequences.
- Host cells are used to produce virus particles which are replication-incompetent through genetic manipulation the vector plasmid, the exchanged or modified sequences in the host cell being complemented by the helper construct.
- replication-incompetent virus particles can be produced easily and reproducibly, which have an endosomolytic effect in the context of a transfection of cells or which increase endocytosis.
- Example 1 CVB3 genome and cDNA
- Coxsackieviruses are members of the enterovirus genus in the Picorna virus family. Under natural conditions, coxsackieviruses only cause diseases in humans, but the initial isolation of coxsackieviruses works best in newborn mice, which also serve to differentiate the viruses into two groups:
- Group A with 23 serotypes and Group B with 6 serotypes are Group A with 23 serotypes and Group B with 6 serotypes.
- CVB especially CVB3 are considered to be common pathogens of viral myocarditis, which can manifest themselves both in this acute form and in chronic courses. Myocarditis is often fatal in infants.
- Coxsackieviruses have icosahedral nucleocapsids, which consist of four virus proteins VP1, VP2, VP3 and VP4. While the proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3 form the outer envelope, VP4 is located on the inside of the particles and is associated with the single-stranded RNA genome.
- the genome is infectious per se; If it is taken up in a cell under suitable conditions, the purified RNA can already induce an infection because it has a plus-strand orientation, so the virus proteins can be translated from the RNA without an intermediate step.
- the 3 'end of the genomic RNA is polyadenylated, and a small, virus-encoded protein V Pg is covalently bound to the 5' end.
- FIG. 1 A schematic example of the CVB3 genome is shown in Fig. 1.
- the genome contains a single, open reading frame that codes for a precursor protein. This polyprotein is proteolytically cleaved into the various viral components during its synthesis.
- the capsid proteins VP1-VP4 mentioned above result from the polyprotein in the specified manner from the regions 1A to ID and the Vpg from the region 3B. Regions 2A and 3C code for proteases that break down the polyprotein. The proteins emerging from areas 2B and 2C are related to the host specificity of the viruses.
- Area 3D codes for an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which replicates the RNA genome in the host cell.
- the genome contains regions that have not yet been translated (NTR), the NTR region at the 5 'end having a pronounced secondary structure and allowing the binding of ribosomes, that is to say allowing the genome to be translated into the polyprotein .
- the cell culture supernatants and the cells are harvested.
- viruses are released from the cells by conventional freeze / thaw lysis. This virus suspension is first cleaned of cell debris by centrifugation at 1,500 rpm.
- the virus-containing supernatant is layered on 10 ml of a 5-30% sucrose gradient and ultracentrifuged. This results in a separation of native virions (Sedimentation coefficient 160 S), CVB3-A particles (135 S) and Proviren (125 S).
- Proviruses are incompletely matured viruses, which are present in large quantities with each preparation and are characterized by the fact that the VPO protein has not yet been cleaved into VP2 and VP4.
- a particles are formed from native virions by splitting off the virus protein 4, a process that occurs naturally during infection. They are then no longer infectious, but can still be multiplied in a cell.
- the relevant individual fractions are dialyzed against PBS / 20 mM MgCl 2 for 24 hours at 4 ° C.
- the cleaned virus stocks are stored at -20 ° C. Dilutions of these virus stocks are sown on host cells in order to check the virus titer in a conventional plaque test.
- Example 3 Generation of CVB3-A particles
- the fractions produced according to Example 2 contain only small amounts of CVB3-A particles, so that they can be produced from infectious CVB3 particles in the following two ways:
- A) native virions are heated for 10 min at 51 ° C and thereby pass quantitatively into CVB3-A particles.
- the alternative is based on column purification, in which recombinant CVB3 receptors are coupled to a matrix.
- the column is then loaded with active CVB3 particles that interact with the receptor and thereby lose the virus protein 4.
- the CVB3-A particles can be obtained by eluting the column.
- CVB3-enhanced lipofection is independent of the receptor, so that no A-particles are generated during lipofection.
- A-particles are the particles that occur naturally in a receptor-dependent infection and have a higher endosomolytic activity than native virions. Therefore, the results with that by
- A-particle enhanced lipofection can be achieved better than that of Kern et al. described lipofection with native virions.
- CVB3 clear endosomolytic activity of CVB3 could be demonstrated by the CVB3-mediated enhancement of lipofection by bafilomycin, a specific inhibitor of the endosomal proton pump (Bowman et al., PNAS, volume 85, pages 7972-7962, 1988; Drose et al., Biochemistry, volume 32, pages 3902-3906, 19993) is canceled.
- bafilomycin a specific inhibitor of the endosomal proton pump
- Peptides from the capsid region of CVB3 that are endosomolytically active are shown in the following table:
- Table 1 CVB3 peptides with endosomolytic activity. Hydrophilic acidic or basic amino acids are printed in bold.
- the problem with the peptides may be that their amphipathic properties make it difficult to combine them with liposomes, because these are destroyed.
- This problem can be solved by additionally synthesizing some acidic amino acids at the N-terminal or C-terminal and the synthetic peptide is then bound to the DNA to be transferred via a positively charged poly-lysine bridge.
- This has the further advantage that transferrin-coupled poly-lysine can be used, so that an efficient binding to the transferrin receptor is possible (Wagner, op. Cit.).
- the starting point for the production of genetically modified, replication-incompetent virus particles is a vector plasmid, as shown in FIG. 2.
- This vector plasmid contains behind a promoter a DNA sequence which codes for the RNA genome from Fig. 1, but certain parts of the RNA genome are exchanged or e.g. were changed by point mutation such that the RNA genome itself is no longer infectious.
- FIG. 2 the RNA genome from FIG. 1 is schematically divided into a first part I and a second part II.
- the parts I and II do not necessarily have to be arranged schematically one behind the other, they can also be present several times in any order.
- Part I represents the exchanged or modified sequence part
- part II represents the remaining genome from FIG. 1.
- the vector plasmids of Figure 2 are then co-transfected with helper constructs in host cells to produce replication-incompetent virus particles.
- the helper constructs must complement the exchanged or modified part I.
- helper cells serve as host cells when transfecting with vector plasmid and make the missing or modified portions of the virus genome available in trans.
- helper constructs are also plasmids which are transfected stably or transiently in host cells, in order then to be transcribed into RNA, which in turn is translatable to produce the structural and non-structural proteins for which the Vector plasmid itself is not encoded.
- a promoter for example the CMV promoter
- an IRES internal ribosomal entry site
- the amplificates with parts I of CVB3 are then cloned behind.
- the IRES the translation efficiency of the helper parts increased, for example the IRES from EMVC (Enzyphalomyocarditis Virus), the EMCV-IRES from CLONETECH can be used.
- helper plasmids are generated which can be amplified in bacteria and transcribable in RNA, which in turn can be translated in order to complement the translation products of the vector plasmids in such a way that replication-incompetent virus particles are formed.
- helper cells which are transiently or stably transfected with the helper plasmid, are transfected with the corresponding vector plasmid, which is then complemented by the host cell in trans.
- One way that allows greater variability is to co-transform host cells with the vector plasmid of FIG. 2 and the corresponding complementary helper plasmid of FIG. 3, thereby creating the replication-incompetent virus particles.
- CHO Chinese hamster ovarian cells
- H9C2 rat myoblast cells
- HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells
- primary human fibroblasts primary adult cardiac muscle cells of the pig were used as target cells.
- 5 x 10 4 cells were sown on 24-hole plates.
- the following solutions were prepared on the second day:
- Solution A 150 ⁇ l serum-free medium
- Solution A is incubated for 30 min at room temperature.
- Solution B 1.5 ⁇ g plasmid DNA (e.g. pCMVLacZ) ad 150 ⁇ l serum-free medium
- Solutions A and B are mixed and incubated for 15 min at room temperature.
- the cells are washed once with serum-free medium.
- the medium is completely removed and the 300 ⁇ l lipofection solution is added to the 24-hole plate. Then the cells are incubated for 5 hours at 5% CO 2 and 37 ° C. After this time, the lipofection solution is removed and replaced by cell culture medium.
- the transfected plasmid pCMVLacZ codes for the ⁇ -galactosidase, which produces a blue, insoluble reaction product in the cells from the initially colorless solution.
- the cells are first fixed and then incubated with the staining solution. The transfection efficiency results from the number of stained cells / total number of cells and is determined in the microscope.
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Abstract
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DE19918446 | 1999-04-23 | ||
DE19918446A DE19918446A1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | Verwendung von Coxsackievirus B3 zur Verbesserung der Transfektion von Zellen |
PCT/EP2000/003588 WO2000065075A1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-04-20 | Verwendung von coxsackieviren zur verbesserung der transfektion von zellen |
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EP00922656A Withdrawn EP1173595A1 (de) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-04-20 | Verwendung von coxsackieviren zur verbesserung der transfektion von zellen |
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EP (1) | EP1173595A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4297300A (de) |
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CN107760719A (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-06 | 胜武(北京)生物科技有限公司 | 柯萨奇病毒在过继免疫基因递送系统中的应用 |
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EP1179179B1 (de) | 1999-05-19 | 2004-10-20 | Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen Universitätsklinikum | Verwendung eines antikörpers zur detektion von basophilen und/oder mastzellen |
GB2459436A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2009-10-28 | Henderson Morley Plc | Vaccine adjuvant |
CN114107392A (zh) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种cvb5病毒类病毒样颗粒的制备方法 |
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NZ244306A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1995-07-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Composition for introducing nucleic acid complexes into eucaryotic cells, complex containing nucleic acid and endosomolytic agent, peptide with endosomolytic domain and nucleic acid binding domain and preparation |
US6071742A (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 2000-06-06 | Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska | Coxsackie virus as a vector for delivery of anti-inflammatory cytokines |
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1999
- 1999-04-23 DE DE19918446A patent/DE19918446A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2000
- 2000-04-20 EP EP00922656A patent/EP1173595A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-20 AU AU42973/00A patent/AU4297300A/en not_active Abandoned
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CN107760719A (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-06 | 胜武(北京)生物科技有限公司 | 柯萨奇病毒在过继免疫基因递送系统中的应用 |
CN107760719B (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-09-22 | 北京领柯生物科技有限公司 | 柯萨奇病毒在过继免疫基因递送系统中的应用 |
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