EP1173395B1 - Pyrotechnischer nebelsatz zur erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im millimeterwellen-bereich undurchdringlichen aerosols - Google Patents
Pyrotechnischer nebelsatz zur erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im millimeterwellen-bereich undurchdringlichen aerosols Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173395B1 EP1173395B1 EP00906220A EP00906220A EP1173395B1 EP 1173395 B1 EP1173395 B1 EP 1173395B1 EP 00906220 A EP00906220 A EP 00906220A EP 00906220 A EP00906220 A EP 00906220A EP 1173395 B1 EP1173395 B1 EP 1173395B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pyrotechnic
- dipoles
- infrared
- visible
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 5-cyclopentadienyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N S=[P] Chemical compound S=[P] VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000475481 Nebula Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Chemical compound Cl[C@H]1[C@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@H](Cl)[C@H]1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002809 lindane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
- F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pyrotechnic mist set for generation one impenetrable in the visible, infrared and millimeter wave range Aerosol.
- the human and ecotoxicologically compatible smoke substance consists of pre-assembled dipoles for radiation in the frequency range of 2 - 300 GHz, which is used to create an impenetrable in the millimeter wave range Suitable aerosols, and suitable smoke substances, which are visible and infrared Absorb area.
- a major problem in use with tarnaerosols is in shielding from electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range 2 - 300 GHz; preferably in the atmospheric attenuation windows between 2-18 GHz and in particular at 35, 94, 140 and 220 GHz, as typically in these frequency bands
- Target acquisition and tracking systems (radars) of ground-to-surface guided weapons work e.g. SMArt 155, Longbow Hellfire.
- the fog sets according to the invention contain, as pre-assembled, heat-resistant dipoles made of graphite or a ceramic material made conductive or in-situ conductive, such as ziconium oxide or aluminum oxide, which are coated with pyrotechnic substances. These dipoles are entrained by the hot swathes of gas when the known mist theorem burns.
- the dipoles consist of thin, conductive fibers, the length of which is for that typical target acquisition and tracking systems usual frequency bands is coordinated. For the frequencies of 35, 94, 140 u. For example, 220 Ghz a mixture of lengths from 1 to 30 mm is used.
- the fiber diameter is 0.001 to 0.1 mm, preferably 0.005 to 0.02 mm.
- the conductive fibers consist of either metal or graphite, which is caused by carbonization is made from spun plastic fibers, or from glass, Ceramic or plastic fibers made conductive by a metal coating are. Methods for coating surfaces with a very thin metal film are known.
- metals can be deposited on the fibers from the gas phase.
- the pure metals can be deposited on the fibers from transition metal organyls, in particular carbonyls, by heating under reduced pressure.
- Pyrotechnic switch systems are therefore suitable as coating materials for the ceramic fibers. Suitable systems are in the scheme. 1 reproduced. 2 PbO + Si ⁇ SiO 2 + 2 Pb 2 CuO + Si ⁇ SiO 2 + 2 Cu 2 CuO + Ti ⁇ TiO 2 + 2 Cu 3 NiO + 2 B ⁇ B 2 O 3 + 3 Ni
- the dipole fiber 3 is first coated according to the invention with a phosphor or phosphor sulfide coating 2, which burns off after the dipoles have been applied and distributed and increases their buoyancy or slows their rate of descent and additionally generates a strong IR emission ,
- these fibers also have an ignition coating 1, which has a known, easily flammable pyrotechnic mass from a fuel, for example red phosphorus, hexachlorocyclohexane, metal powder etc., an oxidizing agent, for example alkali nitrate, alkali perchlorate etc., and a binder made of a polymer Contains plastic and, if necessary, combustion moderators.
- Cover layer (not shown in the figure) made of a plastic paint his.
- the thickness of all layers corresponds to the size of the fiber itself, d. H. have thicknesses of 0.001 to 0.1 mm, preferably 0.01 to 0.02 mm and are usually obtained by immersing or spraying the Fibers with appropriate solutions or suspensions of the components and Drying the solvent.
- the fiber dipoles according to the invention are known per se from pyrotechnic Nebula masses that are highly scattering in the visible and infrared spectral range and produce absorbent aerosols, mixed and in for application suitable moldings or granules are formed. These are also known in Way with appropriate detonators, igniter charges, propellant charges etc. in Sleeves to the desired smoke projectiles, smoke grenades or rockets united. The corresponding techniques are the same as those of known ones Nebulae for IR and visible spectrum identical, so that on a separate Description is waived.
- 500 g graphite fibers (50% 35 GHz, 25% 94 GHz, 12.5% 144 GHz and 12.5% 220 GHz fiber cut) are 5 min in a saturated solution of phosphorus sesulfide shaken in carbon disulfide and in vacuum at 40 ° C and 20 mbar dried.
- the fibers After the fibers have dried, they are coated by dipping in a suspension of red phosphorus (50%), bis ( ⁇ 5 -cyclopentadienyl) iron (25%), potassium nitrate (23%) and a novolak binder (2%).
- An active composition according to the invention is produced according to the following recipe: 2750 g red phosphorus, 990 g potassium nitrate, 220 g silicon, 220 g boron, 220 g zirconium / iron alloy and 990 g Macroplast binder (30% solids) by gradually adding the components to the red phosphorus a dough Sentence generated.
- the solvent-moist mass is sieved (7 mm mesh size) and Dried in vacuo at 40 ° C and 20 mbar for 20 minutes.
- the granulate comes with a pressure of 20 tons to cylindrical compacts with an edge height of 7 mm and 74 mm diameter pressed.
- One tablet has a burning time of about 27 seconds.
- the smoke substance which is laboratoryized according to the invention dampens the radiation in the infrared and visual very good (> 95%) moreover in the millimeter wave range in the relevant frequency bands (35, 94, 140 and 220 GHz) an attenuation of each reached about 20 dB.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Curtains And Furnishings For Windows Or Doors (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Pyrotechnischer Nebelsatz zur Erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im Millimeterwellen-Bereich undurchdringlichen Aerosols für Tarn- und Täuschzwecke, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß faserförmige leitfähige Dipole oder in-situ leitfähig werdende Dipol-Vorläufer, die mit pyrotechnischen Stoffen beschichtet sind, mit herkömmlichen pyrotechnischen im visuellen wie infaroten Bereich wirksamen Nebelmassen zu einem gemeinsamen Satz vereinigt sind.
- Pyrotechnischer Satz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vorkonfektionierten Dipole der elektromagnetischen Strahlung im Millimeterwellenbereich den für Zielsuchgeräte üblichen Frequenzbändern entsprechen.
- Pyrotechnischer Satz nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Satz 5 bis 25 % vorkonfektionierte Dipole oder deren Vorläuferenthält.
- Pyrotechnischer Satz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dipole aus dünnen leitfähigen Fasern aus Metall, Graphit oder aus Glas-, Keramik- oder Kunststoffasern, die mit einem leitfähigen Überzug aus Metall versehen sind, bestehen, eine Länge von 1 bis 30 mm und einen Durchmesser von 0,001 bis 0,1 mm aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern mit einer ersten Schicht aus Phosphor oder Phosphorsulfid und einer zweiten Anzündschicht aus einem Brennstoff, einem Oxidationsmittel und einem Bindemittel überzogen sind, wobei diese Schichten Dicken von 0,001 bis 0,1 mm aufweisen.
- Pyrotechnischer Satz nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Dipole aus Graphitfasern mit Phosphorsesquisulfid sowie mit einer Mischung aus 50% rotem Phosphor, 25 % Bis(η6-cyclopentadienyl)eisen, 23 % Kaliumnitrat und 2 % Novolak-Binder beschichtet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19914095A DE19914095A1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 1999-03-27 | Pyrotechnischer Nebelsatz zur Erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im Millimeterwellen-Bereich undurchdringlichen Aerosols |
DE19914095 | 1999-03-27 | ||
PCT/EP2000/000499 WO2000058238A1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 2000-01-24 | Pyrotechnischer nebelsatz zur erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im millimeterwellen-bereich undurchdringlichen aerosols |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1173395A1 EP1173395A1 (de) | 2002-01-23 |
EP1173395B1 true EP1173395B1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
Family
ID=7902741
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00906220A Expired - Lifetime EP1173395B1 (de) | 1999-03-27 | 2000-01-24 | Pyrotechnischer nebelsatz zur erzeugung eines im sichtbaren, infraroten und im millimeterwellen-bereich undurchdringlichen aerosols |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6578492B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1173395B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002540375A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE229489T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19914095A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1173395T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2188507T3 (de) |
IL (1) | IL145113A0 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1173395E (de) |
TR (1) | TR200102720T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000058238A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10226507A1 (de) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-24 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh | Nebelwurfkörper |
DE102004024857B4 (de) * | 2004-05-19 | 2008-07-10 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pyrotechnischer Satz |
DE102004047231B4 (de) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-08-21 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Wirkkörper |
DE102005020159B4 (de) * | 2005-04-29 | 2007-10-04 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Tarn- und Täuschmunition zum Schutz von Objekten gegen Lenkflugkörper |
US7343861B1 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2008-03-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Device and method for producing an infrared emission at a given wavelength |
US7710643B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2010-05-04 | Alion Science And Technology Corporation | Apparatus for and method of delivering visual image into air |
US8750517B2 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2014-06-10 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Friend or foe detection |
DE102008060573B4 (de) * | 2008-12-04 | 2016-08-11 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pyrotechnische Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines Tarnnebels |
RU2610792C1 (ru) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-02-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный университет геосистем и технологий" (СГУГиТ) | Способ создания комбинированной низкотемпературной помехи для ложной цели или маскировочной завесы |
US10088278B1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-10-02 | The Boeing Company | Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generation |
US11251536B2 (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2022-02-15 | Bae Systems Plc | Lightweight tuneable insulated chaff material |
GB201800653D0 (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-02-28 | Bae Systems Plc | Lightweight tuneable insulated chaff material |
US10969207B1 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-04-06 | The Boeing Company | Magnetically enhanced EMP generating device |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3725927A (en) * | 1962-12-27 | 1973-04-03 | Us Air Force | Disappearing-reappearing radar chaff and method for production |
DE2819863A1 (de) * | 1978-03-14 | 1986-07-24 | Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 8230 Bad Reichenhall | Wurfkoerper |
US5049883A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1991-09-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Combined microwave and infrared chaff |
DE3147850C2 (de) * | 1981-12-03 | 1984-06-14 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Breitband-Tarnnebel |
DE3238455A1 (de) * | 1982-10-16 | 1984-04-19 | Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG, 6719 Göllheim | Nebelwurfkoerper |
US5686178A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1997-11-11 | Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. | Metal-coated substrate articles responsive to electromagnetic radiation, and method of making the same |
US5445078A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1995-08-29 | Universal Propulsion Company, Inc. | Apparatus and method for dispensing payloads |
NO171750C (no) * | 1991-01-21 | 1993-04-28 | Raufoss As | Anordning ved roeykgranat |
DE4337071C1 (de) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-03-02 | Nico Pyrotechnik | Pyrotechnischer Nebelsatz für Tarnzwecke und dessen Verwendung in einem Nebelkörper |
US6047644A (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 2000-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Propellant based aerosol generating device and method of use |
US6283033B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-09-04 | Jake's Fireworks | Multiple effect pyrotechnic shell |
US6412416B1 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-07-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Propellant-based aerosol generation devices and method |
-
1999
- 1999-03-27 DE DE19914095A patent/DE19914095A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-01-24 DK DK00906220T patent/DK1173395T3/da active
- 2000-01-24 WO PCT/EP2000/000499 patent/WO2000058238A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-24 IL IL14511300A patent/IL145113A0/xx unknown
- 2000-01-24 AT AT00906220T patent/ATE229489T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-24 TR TR2001/02720T patent/TR200102720T2/xx unknown
- 2000-01-24 US US09/937,617 patent/US6578492B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-24 DE DE50000928T patent/DE50000928D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-24 JP JP2000607945A patent/JP2002540375A/ja active Pending
- 2000-01-24 ES ES00906220T patent/ES2188507T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-24 PT PT00906220T patent/PT1173395E/pt unknown
- 2000-01-24 EP EP00906220A patent/EP1173395B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19914095A1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
IL145113A0 (en) | 2002-06-30 |
ES2188507T3 (es) | 2003-07-01 |
DK1173395T3 (da) | 2003-03-10 |
PT1173395E (pt) | 2003-04-30 |
EP1173395A1 (de) | 2002-01-23 |
DE50000928D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
US6578492B1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
ATE229489T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
WO2000058238A1 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
TR200102720T2 (tr) | 2002-04-22 |
JP2002540375A (ja) | 2002-11-26 |
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