EP1161569A1 - Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen verschleissfester oberflächen - Google Patents
Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen verschleissfester oberflächenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1161569A1 EP1161569A1 EP00902632A EP00902632A EP1161569A1 EP 1161569 A1 EP1161569 A1 EP 1161569A1 EP 00902632 A EP00902632 A EP 00902632A EP 00902632 A EP00902632 A EP 00902632A EP 1161569 A1 EP1161569 A1 EP 1161569A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- heat
- cylinder
- cooling medium
- crankcase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
- C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing wear-resistant surfaces on components made of an Al-Si alloy, the wear-resistant surfaces being applied by means of thermal spraying, in particular flame spraying, plasma spraying or HV spraying, or a laser beam, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention further relates to an arrangement for producing wear-resistant surfaces on components made of an Al-Si alloy, in particular on cylinder running surfaces of cylinders of a crankcase of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 11.
- hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloys mainly used for cylinder crankcases are unsuitable for the tribological loading of the piston-piston ring-cylinder raceway system due to the low proportion of the wear-resistant silicon phase.
- Hypereutectic alloys, such as the alloy AISil 7 Cu 4 Mg have a sufficient proportion of silicon crystallites.
- This hard, wear-resistant structural component is highlighted by chemical and / or mechanical processing steps compared to the matrix consisting of the aluminum mixed crystal and forms a required wing portion.
- the castability, the poor machinability and the high costs of this alloy are disadvantageous compared to the hypoeutectic and nearutectic alloys.
- sub- and near-eutectic alloys of the galvanic coatings are applied directly to the raceways.
- this is expensive and Insufficiently stable tribochemically.
- thermal spray coatings which are also applied directly to the running surfaces.
- the adhesive strength of these layers is only insufficient due to micromechanical clamping alone.
- the present invention has for its object to provide an improved method of the above type and an improved arrangement of the above. To provide a type that allows components to be coated even with high-energy coating devices, such as high-performance lasers, without thermally induced changes in the material of the component.
- At least one thermally conductive device is brought into thermally conductive contact with the component during the manufacture of the wear-resistant surface and this thermally conductive device is actively cooled.
- the wear-resistant surface after the wear-resistant surface has been formed in the form of a thermal spray layer, it is additionally processed, in particular remelted, with a laser beam.
- remelting, casting, dispersing and / or coating is carried out by means of a laser beam or by thermal spraying.
- the component is a crankcase of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, on the cylinder running surfaces of which the coating is carried out.
- a cooling medium in particular gas, nitrogen or a cooling liquid, flows through a water chamber of the crankcase during the production of the wear-resistant surface.
- the heat-conducting device comprises at least one cooling plate with channels for a cooling medium which are applied to the crankcase on at least one side on which open ends of the cylinders are located.
- the heat-conducting device comprises at least one cooling mandrel corresponding to the cross section of the cylinder, which is brought into contact with the cylinder running surface in the axial direction of the cylinder following a coating zone and / or lagging the coating zone.
- the heat-conducting device comprises a cooling medium basin into which the crankcase is immersed during the production of the wear-resistant surface in such a way that a cooling medium level in the cylinder is located below a coating zone in the direction of gravity.
- a depth of immersion of the crankcase in the cooling medium basin is adjusted in such a way that a constant predetermined distance between the coating zone and the coolant level is maintained.
- the active cooling of the heat-conducting device is expediently carried out using a gas, nitrogen and / or a cooling liquid.
- a heat-conducting device is provided which is arranged in heat-conducting contact with the component and comprises a cooling medium.
- the cooling medium expediently comprises a gas, nitrogen and / or a cooling liquid which, with a high heat capacity coefficient, ensure a correspondingly high heat removal.
- the heat-conducting device comprises at least one cooling plate which has channels through which the cooling medium flows, a cooling plate being arranged on the crankcase on at least one side on which the cylinders openly end.
- the cooling plate is designed in a ring shape such that it lies flush with a corresponding cylinder bore on the peripheral edge thereof.
- the heat-conducting device comprises at least one cooling mandrel corresponding to the cross section of a cylinder bore with channels through which the cooling medium flows, which is arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder on one or both sides of a coating zone such that a heat-conducting contact is formed between the cooling mandrel and the cylinder running surface is.
- the channels through which the cooling medium flows are designed to be spirally circumferential.
- a cooling mandrel is arranged below the coating zone in the direction of gravity with a collecting basin for excess coating material.
- a collecting lug is formed on a side of the circumference of the cooling dome facing the coating zone for collecting and introducing excess coating material into the collecting basin.
- the cooling mandrel is formed on its circumference facing the cylinder running surface with cooling bristles which are in brushing contact with the cylinder running surface.
- the cooling bristles are expediently made of a heat-conducting material, in particular copper.
- the heat-conducting device comprises at least one cooling medium basin into which the component can be immersed such that a cooling medium level is at a predetermined distance from a coating zone.
- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention, which realizes three preferred embodiments of additional cooling.
- FIG. 2 in a sectional view a second preferred embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
- the preferred embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a coating device 10 which, by means of a plasma beam 12, which is for example a laser beam, coats a cylinder running surface 14 of a cylinder wall 15 of a cylinder 16 of a crankcase 18.
- the coating device 10 is rotatable about a longitudinal axis 20, as with arrow 22 indicated, and displaceable along the longitudinal axis 20, as indicated by arrow 24.
- the crankcase 18 has a water space 26 for a cooling medium. Due to the rotational and translational movement of the coating device 10 relative to the cylinder wall 15, the cylinder running surface 14 can be machined in predetermined areas.
- a current working area of the coating device 10, in which the plasma beam 12 or a laser beam strikes the cylinder running surface 14, is referred to as the processing zone 28.
- the arrangement comprises a cooling plate 30 which is built, i.e. is manufactured by means of a plate system or mechanically, or cast and includes cooling channels 32 through which the cooling medium flows.
- the cooling channels have, for example, a rectangular and / or round cross section and are in particular formed above a contact surface 34 between the cooling plate 30 and the cylinder wall 15.
- a cooling plate 30 is arranged either on one side or on both sides of the open ends of the cylinder 16.
- the cooling plates are annular in accordance with the cylinder cross section so that they rest on the circumferential cylinder wall 15 and provide an opening in the ring for introducing the coating device 10.
- the lower cooling plate 30 in FIG. 1 has the further advantage that the process gases and excess coating material, which is not melted or does not adhere to the cylinder race 14, can be discharged downwards in the direction of gravity in FIG. 1.
- the arrangement further comprises a cooling mandrel 36 which is designed in accordance with the cross section of the cylinder 16 in such a way that this cooling mandrel 36 can be inserted into the cylinder 16 and lies there against the cylinder wall 15 in the circumferential direction.
- a cooling mandrel 36 which is designed in accordance with the cross section of the cylinder 16 in such a way that this cooling mandrel 36 can be inserted into the cylinder 16 and lies there against the cylinder wall 15 in the circumferential direction.
- cooling bristles 38 for example made of copper
- cooling channels 40 are also provided, through which a cooling medium flows, which serve in the aforementioned manner for active cooling and heat energy dissipation.
- the cooling channels are formed in a spiral all around.
- a collecting basin 42 formed on the lower cooling mandrel 36 in FIG. 1, particles not adhering to the cylinder wall 15 are collected.
- the collecting basin 42 is expediently also filled with cooling medium.
- An additional collecting nose 44 guides excess, falling
- Coating material in the collecting basin 42 Coating material in the collecting basin 42.
- a cooling medium inflow 46 and a cooling medium outflow 48 are provided for the cooling medium in the collecting basin 42 and / or in the cooling channels 40.
- one or both of the cooling mandrels 36 shown in FIG. 1 are carried along in the feed speed of the coating device in the direction of arrow 24, as indicated by arrows 50.
- honing can also be carried out after the coating, the honing process, depending on the desired surface quality, comprising several steps.
- a heat-conducting device in the form of a cooling medium basin 52 in which the crankcase 18 is immersed.
- the immersion is tracked (arrow 58) in such a way that a cooling medium level 54 is always at a constant, predetermined distance 56 of, for example, 20 mm from the coating zone 28.
- heat is dissipated by immersion cooling of the crankcase 18.
- the three aforementioned cooling options are designed according to the invention alternatively or in any combination with one another in a single arrangement according to the invention.
- a cooling fluid such as gas, nitrogen or a cooling liquid, is passed through the water space 26, which cools the cylinder wall further 15 leads and thus additionally removes heat from the coating zone.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19907104 | 1999-02-19 | ||
DE19907104 | 1999-02-19 | ||
DE19941562 | 1999-09-01 | ||
DE19941562A DE19941562A1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 1999-09-01 | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Herstellen verschleißfester Oberflächen |
PCT/EP2000/000575 WO2000049194A1 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen verschleissfester oberflächen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1161569A1 true EP1161569A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 |
EP1161569B1 EP1161569B1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
EP1161569B2 EP1161569B2 (de) | 2006-02-08 |
Family
ID=26051950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00902632A Expired - Lifetime EP1161569B2 (de) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen verschleissfester oberflächen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6634179B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1161569B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002537487A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1153844C (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000049194A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10313957A1 (de) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-22 | Bwg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Fläche eines Gleisbauteils sowie Gleisbauteil |
DE102005005359B4 (de) * | 2005-02-02 | 2009-05-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen |
DE102011106564A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zylinderlauffläche sowie Zylinderlaufbuchse |
CN103890221A (zh) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-06-25 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 汽缸体的制造方法及汽缸体 |
WO2015068519A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 溶射皮膜形成装置及び溶射皮膜形成方法 |
CN105331972A (zh) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-02-17 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | 一种耐磨煤截齿耐磨涂层的制备方法 |
CN105177567A (zh) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | 一种钢基表面耐磨涂层的制备方法 |
CN105543838A (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-04 | 燕山大学 | 一种船用曲轴的再制造方法 |
US11915850B2 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2024-02-27 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Two channel cosine-theta coil assembly |
CN110735102B (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2024-01-26 | 天宜上佳(天津)新材料有限公司 | 一种制动盘生产方法及制动盘冷却装置 |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SE404764B (sv) * | 1976-04-28 | 1978-10-30 | Volvo Penta Ab | Vevstake samt forfarande och gjutform for framstellning av vevstaken |
US4175503A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-11-27 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making air engine housing |
DE2739356C2 (de) | 1977-09-01 | 1984-09-27 | Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm | Verfahren zum Auftragen von Metall-Spritzschichten auf die Innenfläche eines Hohlkörpers |
JPS61231155A (ja) | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-15 | Yoshikawa Kogyo Kk | 薄板円筒内面への溶射方法 |
DE3715325A1 (de) † | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-24 | Castolin Sa | Verfahren zum herstellen von gleitflaechen auf teilen von fahrzeugmotoren |
DE3808285A1 (de) | 1988-03-12 | 1989-09-21 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung harter und verschleissfester oberflaechenschichten |
DE3813802A1 (de) † | 1988-04-23 | 1989-11-09 | Glyco Metall Werke | Schichtwerkstoff oder schichtwerkstueck mit einer auf einer traegerschicht angebrachten funktionsschicht, insbesondere gleitschicht mit der struktur einer festen, aber schmelzbaren dispersion |
DE3922378A1 (de) † | 1989-07-07 | 1991-01-17 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum herstellung verschleissfester oberflaechen an bauteilen aus einer aluminium-silicium-legierung |
JPH03173758A (ja) | 1989-12-01 | 1991-07-29 | Mazda Motor Corp | 摺動部材の製造方法 |
JP2681302B2 (ja) | 1990-02-13 | 1997-11-26 | 株式会社オティックス | 直打式バルブリフタの溶射処理方法及びその装置 |
JPH0472051A (ja) | 1990-07-11 | 1992-03-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | シリンダブロックのシリンダボア壁面への溶射皮膜の形成方法 |
JPH04358056A (ja) | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属溶射方法 |
US5271967A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-12-21 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for application of thermal spray coatings to engine blocks |
US5795659A (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1998-08-18 | International Inc. | Aluminide-silicide coatings coated products |
US5775402A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-07-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Enhancement of thermal properties of tooling made by solid free form fabrication techniques |
JPH09151782A (ja) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Toyota Motor Corp | シリンダブロックの製造方法 |
DE19626175C2 (de) * | 1996-06-29 | 2000-01-13 | Honsel Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Bremstrommel oder einer Bremsscheibe |
DE19643029A1 (de) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-04-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zum Beschichten eines aus einer Aluminium-Legierung bestehenden Bauteils einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Silicium |
DE19740205B4 (de) | 1997-09-12 | 2004-11-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Beschichtung mittels Plasmaspritzens |
US6349681B1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2002-02-26 | General Motors Corporation | Cylinder block for internal combustion engine |
-
2000
- 2000-01-26 CN CNB008040044A patent/CN1153844C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-26 EP EP00902632A patent/EP1161569B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-26 WO PCT/EP2000/000575 patent/WO2000049194A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-26 JP JP2000599916A patent/JP2002537487A/ja active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-08-20 US US09/933,051 patent/US6634179B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0049194A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002537487A (ja) | 2002-11-05 |
EP1161569B1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
CN1153844C (zh) | 2004-06-16 |
US20020012753A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
US6634179B2 (en) | 2003-10-21 |
EP1161569B2 (de) | 2006-02-08 |
CN1341156A (zh) | 2002-03-20 |
WO2000049194A1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
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