EP1144752B1 - Flexibles, mehrschichtiges flächengebilde mit verstärkter deckschicht - Google Patents

Flexibles, mehrschichtiges flächengebilde mit verstärkter deckschicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1144752B1
EP1144752B1 EP99938210A EP99938210A EP1144752B1 EP 1144752 B1 EP1144752 B1 EP 1144752B1 EP 99938210 A EP99938210 A EP 99938210A EP 99938210 A EP99938210 A EP 99938210A EP 1144752 B1 EP1144752 B1 EP 1144752B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structure according
top layer
sheetlike structure
sheetlike
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99938210A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1144752A3 (de
EP1144752A2 (de
Inventor
Karin Ulrike LÖFFLER
Hansjörg MAUK
Bernhard Jung
Heinz V. Olnhausen
Siegfried Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DLW AG
Original Assignee
DLW AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DLW AG filed Critical DLW AG
Publication of EP1144752A2 publication Critical patent/EP1144752A2/de
Publication of EP1144752A3 publication Critical patent/EP1144752A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1144752B1 publication Critical patent/EP1144752B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N1/00—Linoleum, e.g. linoxyn, polymerised or oxidised resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
    • Y10T442/2992—Coated or impregnated glass fiber fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674—Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one wear layer or cover layer contained therein arranged has at least one flat reinforcing material.
  • the invention relates to a flexible, multilayer sheet, which comprises at least one cover layer which is embedded therein at least a flat reinforcing material, preferably a nonwoven, having.
  • the reinforcement material gives the multilayer Fabric improved mechanical properties, such as tensile strength or Resilience
  • the reinforcing material leaves its function as a printable image carrier, the decorative design of such Fabrics to.
  • Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics that have a predetermined Color patterning are known and are widely used as Wall, ceiling and floor coverings as well as decorative foils or artificial veneers used.
  • patterned fabrics are based of natural and / or plastics used as flexible floor coverings.
  • Such Flat structures based on natural and / or plastics are usually manufactured by all components, e.g. polymeric binder, colorant, Fillers, additives, processing aids and other auxiliary substances premixed and via aggregates, e.g. Internal mixer, twin-screw extruder, Planetary roller extruder, plasticized and granulated. Below will be the granulate particles in compaction units, e.g.
  • CV floor coverings (cushion vinyls) are used extensively today et al because of their diverse decorative possibilities.
  • Such CV floor coverings are usually coated with PVC plastisols applied to a carrier layer and then gelled.
  • the plastisols consist of PVC particles, plasticizers, stabilizers and usual Auxiliaries and fillers that sinter into a matrix in the gelling oven.
  • the Plastisol layer can serve as a print carrier for the corresponding decorative Design or pattern the covering with a multicolor rotogravure become.
  • the possibility of partial inhibition for generation of surface structuring in the course of chemical foaming in addition to other advantageous properties for the widespread use of such Materials catered for.
  • Partial prevention of chemical expansion Foaming agent and thus the creation of a relief-like structure of the cover layer or the top coat is added by adding an inhibitor the printing inks used for color structuring.
  • an inhibitor the printing inks used for color structuring By Varying the amount of inhibitor added allows different relief depths to reach.
  • the structuring of surfaces by partial inhibition such a foaming process is only applicable in such cases in which the structure of the corresponding fabric is a foam layer provides.
  • the patterning or structuring of the surfaces of floor coverings can according to the prior art also take place in such a way that the surfaces with the help of embossing rollers. Such a procedure can be however, only apply if the coating compositions covering the covering or Form the wear layer of the corresponding fabric, not thermoset are.
  • CV floor coverings generally require a relatively large amount of cover layer material, to ensure the protection of the color design because otherwise the thin layer of paint wears out relatively quickly. Furthermore, the impression properties such CV pads are not always sufficient.
  • a variable decorative design while preserving a permanent pattern, predetermined in color and shape should allow a significant reduction in costs.
  • the patterning options should in the manufacture of such a fabric be that technically complex mixing, dosing and auxiliary processes that at conventional designs occur, should be eliminated.
  • the reinforcement material is from the group of nonwovens selected.
  • the nonwoven fabric can be a wet nonwoven fabric, a dry nonwoven fabric or a Be spunbonded.
  • the nonwoven fabric used as a reinforcing material a cellulose nonwoven.
  • the nonwoven arranged as a reinforcing material in the cover layer of the fabric according to the invention has a weight in the range from 9 to 50 g / m 2 .
  • the nonwoven fabric is printed or provided with a print.
  • Such printing can, for example a possibly colored pattern or picture.
  • the invention Nonwoven embedded or arranged in the cover layer thus acts not only as a reinforcement material, but can also be used as an image carrier his.
  • Such an image carrier can also advantageously be used in the primary color space print.
  • a flexible letterpress or an inkjet print is for printing that in the fabric according to the invention as reinforcing materials nonwovens or nonwoven layers used are particularly suitable and moreover very inexpensive. This allows a more vivid picture to be created, compared for printing in the special color space, in which the colors are only premixed Need to become.
  • nonwovens can also be decorative, for example Achieve 3D effects.
  • the thickness of the top layer of the flexible, multilayer according to the invention is preferably at least 90 ⁇ m.
  • any fabric according to the invention can be used for the production of sheets or plates, especially elastic ones Flooring is suitable.
  • Coatings are preferably selected from the group of plastisols, dispersions, organosols and lacquers for which Cover layer used.
  • plastics based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), homo- or copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated Compounds or a mixture thereof, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, optionally with one or more comonomers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof can be used for the top layer.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
  • EDM ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers
  • block copolymers such as styrene-isoprene-styren
  • the top layer can be used.
  • a polyreaction product containing Material as a coating or coating for the Top coat can be used, the polyreaction products being available by reacting at least one di- or polycarboxylic acid or its Derivatives or a mixture thereof with at least one epoxidation product a carboxylic acid ester or a mixture of these epoxidation products and simultaneous or subsequent curing of the reaction product.
  • the UV initiators can be radical or cationic UV initiators or a mixture of these types of UV initiators.
  • Preferred examples of radical UV initiators are benzophenone, benzophenone derivatives, phosphine oxides, a -Morpholinoketone, quinone, quinone derivatives or a hydroxy ketones, or mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred examples of cationic UV initiators are triarylsulfonium salts, which are of one type or may exist as a mixture of different triarylsulfonium salts, or diaryliodonium salts, or mixtures thereof.
  • the UV initiators are present, for example, in an amount of up to 8% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the amount of the material containing the reaction products.
  • At least one photosensitizer such as Compounds based on anthracene, perylene or thioxanthen-9-one, are present, which activate the UV initiator and enhance its effect can. This allows the concentration of the UV initiator to be reduced.
  • the UV radiation used is in the generally customary range, i.e. between 200 nm and 380 nm.
  • the IR radiation used is in the usual range Range, for example 760 nm to 0.5 mm.
  • the di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives preferably contain at least one double bond per molecule.
  • Acids with three or more can preferably be used as the polycarboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid groups, such as citric acid and aconitic acid, are used become.
  • anhydrides or partial esters or Derivatives that have at least one free carboxylic acid group are used become.
  • the alcohol component of the partial esters is not subject to any particular restriction, but preferably polyols such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, Butanediols, hexanediols, hexanetriols, glycerol or pentaerythritol or a at least two of these polyols containing mixture thereof as an alcohol component be used.
  • a mixture of a partial ester from maleic anhydride and dipropylene glycol together with citric acid used as a crosslinker the proportion of citric acid up to 50 % By weight, more preferably up to 25% by weight, based on the total amount of Crosslinker.
  • the epoxidation product preferably contains more than one epoxy group per Molecule.
  • the epoxidation product of a carboxylic acid ester can preferably be epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized castor oil, epoxidized Rapeseed oil or vernonia oil or at least two of these epoxidized products containing mixture thereof can be used.
  • Carboxylic acid esters can also be the alcohols of the partial esters defined above, such as dipropylene glycol, propanediols, butanediols, hexanediols, Hexanetriols or pentaerythritol or one containing at least two of these polyols Mixture of these are used.
  • the carboxylic acid component is subject to no particular limitation.
  • coating slips can consist of at least one further additive from, for example, fillers, pigments for design, blowing agents or foaming agents, water repellents and auxiliaries.
  • the fillers for the aforementioned coating slips are preferably wood flour, Chalk, cork flour, barium sulfate ("heavy spar"), slate flour, silica, Kaolin, quartz powder, talc, lignin, cellulose, glass, textile or glass fibers or Vegetable fibers, cellulose fibers, polyester fibers or, for example, dyed Granules or chips from the above polyreaction-containing Material or a mixture containing at least two of these substances from that.
  • Wood flour, chalk, cellulose, lignin or cork flour is particularly preferred or a mixture thereof containing at least two of these fillers as Filler.
  • the proportion of fillers, based on the total amount of the corresponding Coating composition is preferably 15 to 80 wt .-%.
  • auxiliaries for the coating slips especially those containing the polyreaction products Material can be, for example, tall oils, synthetic or natural Resins such as balsam resin, copals, hydrocarbon resins, and / or Desiccants, such as compounds of the metals Al, Li, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn, Zr, Ce or Co or one containing at least two of these compounds Combination thereof. If necessary, too Antioxidants, UV stabilizers and other common auxiliaries, such as Lubricants, antistatic agents or processing aids for the components to which the appropriate coating slips are made, are added. These auxiliaries are known per se in this technical field.
  • the cover layer of the invention Fabric transparent.
  • the corresponding contains Spreading compound for the top layer not more than 2% by weight of filler. Similar The "grease stain phenomenon" results in a transparent design of the top layer that an image printed on the nonwoven embedded therein is clearly visible, whereas the fiber structure of the fleece is hardly visible is still perceived.
  • the fabrics according to the invention can be used for any purpose are used, preferably as wall, ceiling, flooring, decorative film or artificial veneer. Use as a floor covering is particularly preferred.
  • the fabrics according to the invention can be applied to a carrier material become. Any material based on natural and / or synthetic foils, fabrics, scrims, nonwovens or knitted fabrics as well as textile materials be used. In particular, for flooring reinforced with beams used carrier materials are used.
  • carrier materials are used.
  • blended fabrics made from natural fibers such as cotton and rayon, Glass fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric coated with adhesion promoter, Blended fabrics made of synthetic fibers, fabrics made of core / sheath fibers with e.g. a polyester core and a polyamide sheath.
  • Adhesion promoter for glass fiber fabrics can, for example, be a coating of the Glass fibers from a styrene-butadiene latex can be used.
  • one or several flat nonwovens can be arranged.
  • This under the top layer arranged nonwovens can with respect to the in the top layer Reinforcing materials arranged or embedded nonwovens the same or be different.
  • the one located under the cover layer is preferably arranged or a nonwoven layer laminated to it is a glass fleece. Such an arrangement reinforced top layer and non-woven layer laminated to it shows particularly advantageous mechanical properties.
  • a flexible multi-layer fabric made of at least one carrier layer (I) and at least one of the above-defined cover layers (II), if appropriate a backstroke (III) arranged under the carrier layer (I) from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer, optionally one Compact or base coat (IV) between the base layer (I) and top layer (II) and / or between the backing layer (I) and backstroke (III), provided, the coating slips for the layers (III) and (IV) based are one of the materials described above.
  • the coating pastes for the fabric according to the invention can all be larger Contain filler quantities, preferably 10 to 60 in the compact coat % By weight, in particular 30% by weight, and in the chemical foam 20 to 65% by weight. %, preferably 35% by weight, of filler are used, while in the Masses for the mechanical foam usually only a little, preferably not more than 10% by weight, e.g. 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably not more than 5 % By weight, filler are contained. All percentages are always based on the total the coating slips, for example containing the above reaction products Material, unless otherwise specified.
  • the toppings contain relatively high proportions of additives, in particular mineral fillers from the group chalk, barium sulfate, silica, Kaolin and talc, but possibly also on wood flour, cork flour, glass flour, Cellulose, lignin, textile fibers or vegetable fibers, which are also present in a mixture can, the amount of filler in the entire floor covering up to 70 wt .-%, for foam-free coverings preferably 30 to 60% by weight and for floor coverings with chemically foamed layers, preferably 40 to 60% by weight of the entire floor covering can be.
  • additives in particular mineral fillers from the group chalk, barium sulfate, silica, Kaolin and talc, but possibly also on wood flour, cork flour, glass flour, Cellulose, lignin, textile fibers or vegetable fibers, which are also present in a mixture can, the amount of filler in the entire floor covering up to 70 wt .-%, for foam-free coverings preferably 30 to 60% by weight and for
  • the fabrics of the invention i.e. for example floor coverings or Tiles, e.g. containing the polyreaction products defined above Material for the construction of the reinforcing material Top layer (II) and the further layers (III) and (IV) are used, For example, manufactured in such a way that a combination of those defined above Di- or polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives and epoxidation products in a weight ratio of 1: 0.3 to 1: 8, in particular 1: 0.5 to 1: 3, 1: 0.6 to 1: 1.2 and 1: 1 to 1: 4, fillers and in the mass for the top coat if necessary, water repellant and the mass for a chemical Foam is a blowing agent and, if necessary, one for each foam mass Foam stabilizer mixed and processed into a paste and these pastes then processed into multi-layer floor coverings.
  • the amount of blowing agents is in the usual range up to approx. 15% by weight, with other customary auxiliaries approx., up to 15% by weight.
  • the floor coverings preferably consist of three, four or five layers, for example a simple construction from a carrier, the reinforced top layer and a protective layer, or a structure of a compact, possibly a chemical foam and a transparent, reinforced top layer and a carrier and optionally a chemically foamed backstroke, the chemical foam of course also by a mechanical Foam can be replaced or both types of foam can be present.
  • a chemically foamed layer (V) is arranged, this in a special embodiment of the invention by adding appropriate colorants, like pigments, so colored that a color decorative Background for the image or pattern on the top layer arranged nonwoven is printed, is formed.
  • the compact stroke can be colored for this purpose.
  • the foamed layer (V) can also be the preferably UV-cured, above include defined polyreaction-containing material.
  • a paste on the compact line contains a blowing agent and a kicker; this means polyols, urea, zinc, lead or cadmium compounds, ZnO is preferred, which is the decomposition temperature lower the blowing agent.
  • the paste coat will then be below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent crosslinked, optionally an inhibitor is added. The inhibitor weakens or raises the action of the kicker completely on, so that the decomposition of the blowing agent after higher temperatures is moved.
  • Suitable substances with an inhibitory effect are e.g. benzotriazole, Trimellitic anhydride and the like.
  • this chemically foamed layer with applied relief pattern and the A protective layer (VI) made of polymers can then be applied over the top coat or copolymers or waxes are arranged.
  • This Unsaturated curable coating systems are polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof. But it can also e.g. carnauba be used.
  • the protective layer should be made compatible with the top coat (Co) polymers.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the above-mentioned fabric, which comprises applying the constituent material of the cover layer to one or more, optionally printed, flat reinforcing materials made of non-woven fabric with a weight of 9 to 50 g / m 2 that the reinforcing material is completely saturated therewith and a closed layer is formed around the reinforcing material, and then comprises solidifying this material to provide a covering layer and applying the covering layer of this type to a support.
  • the fabric according to the invention is produced, for example, by mixing the components into a paste, using coating devices applied to a web of appropriate thickness, if necessary foamed and depending on the choice of coating slips in a corresponding manner be solidified. It can also contain and contain no foaming agents Layers connected to one lane and simultaneously or in successive Steps are foamed and solidified.
  • the Cover layer under the cover layer further one or more, flat Nonwovens are arranged.
  • the above-described, reinforced top layer with one or several, flat-shaped nonwovens with respect to those in the top layer nonwovens arranged or embedded as reinforcing materials may be the same or different, combined in such a way that the cover layer is on binds the other nonwoven.
  • a coater printed or unprinted cellulose fleece with transparent PVC plastisol coated and laminated together with unprinted glass fleece Subsequently in a second step on the back of the glass fleece Back coating applied, on the front the transparent plastisol printed as a surface structure by means of screen printing and then in the channel gelled.
  • the surface can also be structured by embossing.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a support (I) with a base line (IV) on both sides has a back line arranged at the bottom (III), one on top Base line arranged chemical foam line (V) and one overlying top layer (II), which contains a layer of a Nonwoven fabric as a reinforcing material embedded therein.
  • Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention with a top coat structured by screen printing, the embedded therein has an optionally printed nonwoven, one on it laminated glass fleece as well as a back layer arranged under the glass fleece from a chemically or mechanically foamed foam layer.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment for the production of the fabric according to the invention, wherein in a first Working step on a coating machine a printed or unprinted cellulose fleece coated with transparent PVC plastisol and together with unprinted glass fleece is laminated.
  • FIG. 4 shows the results with regard to the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.
  • FIG. 5 shows the results regarding the tear resistance of two different ones Samples prepared as in the example below.
  • top coats based on the polyreaction products defined above Materials
  • Loflex top coats based on the polyreaction products defined above Materials
  • a thickness of 300 ⁇ m onto a 0.4 mm thick cardboard At a rehearsal additionally laminated with a 23 g cellulose fleece. Both samples were then taken cured at 180 ° C and a residence time of 6 minutes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP99938210A 1998-06-26 1999-06-25 Flexibles, mehrschichtiges flächengebilde mit verstärkter deckschicht Expired - Lifetime EP1144752B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19828676 1998-06-26
DE19828676A DE19828676A1 (de) 1998-06-26 1998-06-26 Flexibles, mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde mit verstärkter Deckschicht
PCT/EP1999/004419 WO2000000692A2 (de) 1998-06-26 1999-06-25 Flexibles, mehrschichtiges flächengebilde mit verstärkter deckschicht

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1144752A2 EP1144752A2 (de) 2001-10-17
EP1144752A3 EP1144752A3 (de) 2002-04-24
EP1144752B1 true EP1144752B1 (de) 2002-12-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99938210A Expired - Lifetime EP1144752B1 (de) 1998-06-26 1999-06-25 Flexibles, mehrschichtiges flächengebilde mit verstärkter deckschicht

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20020160677A1 (xx)
EP (1) EP1144752B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP2002524296A (xx)
AU (1) AU5280099A (xx)
CA (1) CA2335533C (xx)
DE (2) DE19828676A1 (xx)
DK (1) DK1144752T3 (xx)
PL (1) PL359024A1 (xx)
WO (1) WO2000000692A2 (xx)

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Publication number Publication date
US20020160677A1 (en) 2002-10-31
PL359024A1 (en) 2004-08-23
WO2000000692A3 (de) 2001-12-27
JP2002524296A (ja) 2002-08-06
EP1144752A3 (de) 2002-04-24
CA2335533A1 (en) 2000-01-06
AU5280099A (en) 2000-01-17
DE19828676A1 (de) 2000-01-27
WO2000000692A2 (de) 2000-01-06
DK1144752T3 (da) 2003-03-24
DE59903695D1 (de) 2003-01-16
EP1144752A2 (de) 2001-10-17
CA2335533C (en) 2004-05-04

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