EP1136212B1 - Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver - Google Patents

Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1136212B1
EP1136212B1 EP20000201040 EP00201040A EP1136212B1 EP 1136212 B1 EP1136212 B1 EP 1136212B1 EP 20000201040 EP20000201040 EP 20000201040 EP 00201040 A EP00201040 A EP 00201040A EP 1136212 B1 EP1136212 B1 EP 1136212B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powders
continuous belt
pressing
forming
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20000201040
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1136212A1 (de
Inventor
Franco Stefani
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System SpA
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System SpA
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Priority to ES00201040T priority Critical patent/ES2212961T3/es
Priority to PT00201040T priority patent/PT1136212E/pt
Priority to DE2000607958 priority patent/DE60007958T2/de
Priority to EP20000201040 priority patent/EP1136212B1/de
Publication of EP1136212A1 publication Critical patent/EP1136212A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1136212B1 publication Critical patent/EP1136212B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/021—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/024—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form the pressure on the material being transmitted through flexible or resilient wall parts, e.g. flexible cushions on the ramming surface, resilient wall parts pressing as a result of deformation caused by ram pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0058—Moulds, cores or mandrels with provisions concerning the elimination of superfluous material; Moulds with burr-removing means provided therein or carried thereby
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/44—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for treating with gases or degassing, e.g. for de-aerating

Definitions

  • the prior art in the field of forming ceramic tiles is based on the use of dies inserted into presses.
  • the dies are, schematically speaking, constituted by a cavity into which powders are deposited, and by at least one punch having the task of pressing the deposited powders.
  • dies in which the cavity is not made in the bottom die; this is instead used for depositing a layer of powders which is then pressed by the top die or punch.
  • Delimitation and lateral containment of the material to be pressed to form the tile or slab is performed by a forming frame associated to the punch or top die, which is mobile and projects from the top die so that it can remain in contact with the bottom plane (bearing the powders to be pressed) during the pressing operation.
  • the forming is performed in a substantially two-stage pressing operation: a first stage, characterised by a considerable reduction in the volume of the blank tile, during which stage there is also an expulsion of air trapped in the material; a second stage, in which the by-now air-free material is further compressed, with a consequent further but smaller reduction in volume thereof.
  • a first stage characterised by a considerable reduction in the volume of the blank tile, during which stage there is also an expulsion of air trapped in the material
  • a second stage in which the by-now air-free material is further compressed, with a consequent further but smaller reduction in volume thereof.
  • the two-stage pressing operation requires specific press predisposition and management which are necessarily time-consuming and result in considerably longer production times than in those processes which require only one pressing stage.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to provide an improved device for forming ceramic products, such as slabs, tiles and the like, by powder pressing, which device enables pressing to be performed in a single stage but without those limitations and drawbacks which characterise the prior art.
  • the invention is constructionally simple and functional.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that it enables a considerable reduction in cycle times to be achieved, with an evident and immediate improvement in productivity.
  • 1 denotes in its entirety a device for forming ceramic products, such as slabs, tiles and the like, by powder pressing, which device 1 is schematically constituted by a press 11 having a central aperture crossed by a lower element 2, constituted by a lower continuous belt 12 exhibiting a lower rest plane 3 for bearing the powders to be pressed 20, and by an upper element 4, constituted by a horizontal branch of a continuous belt 15, ring-wound and stretched between two horizontal-axis drums 16 positioned externally, which belt 15 is moved in synchrony with the lower continuous belt 12 constituting the lower element 2.
  • the lower element 2 lies and slides along an upper surface of the piston 10 of the press 11 and is commanded by the piston 10 to displace upwards in order to exert the pressing action.
  • the upper element 4 is provided with a plurality of active surfaces 5, located and distributed in a predetermined order along the upper continuous belt 15. At each pressing event the active surfaces 5 are brought into contact with the rest plane 3 of the lower continuous belt 12.
  • Each active surface 5 is characterised in that it is provided with a forming frame 6 which projects inferiorly (when the active surface 5 is in contact with the rest plane 3) and is predisposed in such a way as to delimit at its perimeter a closed pressing zone.
  • the forming frame 6 exhibits an internal part 7 which carries out the pressing of the edge of the final pressed product.
  • This internal part 7 is externally delimited by an edge 8 having a depth, measuring in the pressing direction, which is not less than or is equal to that of the central body of the final pressed product.
  • the internal part 7 inferiorly projects with respect to the active surface 5 and presents a depth which gradually decreases as it distances from the edge 8.
  • the whole forming frame 6 is constituted by a material having considerable elastic deformability (rubber or another elastomer).
  • the upper branch of the lower continuous belt 12 is moved in synchrony with the lower branch of the upper continuous belt 15.
  • the lower rest plane 3 also functions as the bottom die of the forming device.
  • the piston 10 rises, raising the part of the lower element 2 on which the powder to be pressed has been deposited, thus pressing the powder against the active surface 5 delimited by the forming frame 6 of the upper continuous belt 15.
  • the whole pressing operation is completed in a single phase (i.e. in a single continuous upwards stroke by the piston 10) and in a depressed environment, as will be explained herein below.
  • Means are provided for sealingly isolating and closing off at least a part of the powders 20 comprised between the lower element 2 and the upper element 4, confining that part of the powders 20 in an isolated environment 17.
  • the means for isolating comprise lateral walls 9 which describe a closed perimeter.
  • the walls 9 are of constant depth and project in the direction of relative motion between elements 2 and 4 during the pressing cycle.
  • the walls 9 are made of a very elastically-deformable material, such as rubber or another elastomer, and are of a size such as to realise an isolated environment 17 just before the powder pressing 20 begins.
  • means for evacuating which evacuates the air from the isolated environment 17 in order to create a depression.
  • the means for evacuating comprise evacuation ducts 13 located peripherally of the lateral walls 9 and internally of the perimeter the walls 9 define.
  • the evacuation ducts 13 lead into evacuation conduits 14 afforded in the upper body (fixed punch) of the press 11, i.e. the evacuation ducts 13 are in fact through-holes made in the upper continuous belt 15, which is, as mentioned herein above, ring-wound and stretched between two parallel-axis drums 16 positioned externally of the press 11.
  • the lower branch of the upper continuous belt 15 constitutes the upper element 4 which is provided with at least one active surface 5 which faces the lower rest plane 3 and is provided with a forming frame 6 which projects inferiorly and is located such as to delimit a perimeter of a closed pressing zone.
  • the forming frame 6 is not only designed to create a closed pressing zone which will generate a final pressed product, but also generates, following the pressing operation, an edge zone of the final pressed product which is characterised by a greater density than that of the internal zones of the final pressed product, though a smaller depth.
  • the forming frame 6 exhibits an internal part 7 especially formed and designed to press the edge zone; the internal part 7 being externally delimited by an edge 8 which is of a depth (measuring in the pressing direction) that is equal or not inferior to the central body of the final pressed product.
  • the evacuation ducts 13 are afforded in the upper continuous belt 15 in the zone comprised between the walls 9 and the edge 8, and are therefore in direct communication with the annular zone comprised between the walls 9 and the edge 8.
  • the evacuation ducts 13 are positioned so as to coincide with the evacuation conduits 14.
  • the lower element 2 is constituted by an upper branch of the lower continuous belt 12, which upper branch moves in synchrony with the lower branch of the upper continuous belt 15.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that formation operations of large-format but relatively slim slabs and tiles are completed much more quickly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen, wie Platten, Fliesen und ähnliche Artikel durch Pressen von Pulver, enthaltend ein unteres Element (2) zum Tragen der zu pressenden Pulver (20) und ein oberes Element (4), zwischen welchem unteren Element (2) und oberen Element (4) die Pulver (20) gepresst werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Mittel zum Eingrenzen und isolierenden Abdichten zum Aussenbereich hin von wenigstens einem Teil der zwischen dem unteren Element (2) und dem oberen Element (4) zu pressenden Pulver (20) enthält und somit einen isolierten Bereich (17) für die Pulver (20) erzeugt; wobei sie ebenfalls Mittel zum Absaugen von Luft enthält, welche in dem isolierten Bereich (17) durch das Absaugen der Luft aus diesem einen Unterdruck erzeugen.
  2. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Eingrenzen und isolierenden Abdichten seitliche isolierende Wände (9) enthalten, welche einen geschlossenen Umfang beschreiben.
  3. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die seitlichen Wände (9) in einer Richtung, welche den gegenseitigen Bewegungen des unteren Elementes (2) und des oberen Elementes (4) während des Presszyklus entspricht, eine gleichbleibende Abmessung aufweisen, und dass die seitlichen Wände (9) aus einem stark elastisch verformbaren Material hergestellt sind.
  4. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Absaugen der Luft Saugöffnungen (13) enthalten, die umlaufend und dicht an den seitlichen Wänden (9) und im Inneren des durch die seitlichen Wände (9) beschriebenen Umfangs vorgesehen sind.
  5. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das untere Element (2) eine untere Auflagefläche (3) zum Tragen der zu pressenden Pulver (20) enthält, und dass das obere Element (4) wenigstens eine aktive, der unteren Auflagefläche (3) zugewandte Oberfläche (5) hat, welche wenigstens eine aktive Oberfläche (5) einen Formrahmen (6) aufweist, der von dieser nach unten hervorsteht und dazu bestimmt ist, einen Umfang eines geschlossenen Pressbereiches zu begrenzen; wobei der Formrahmen (6) auch, und auch als Folge, dazu vorgesehen ist, ein durch einen Formvorgang erhaltenes fertig gepresstes Produkt einzugrenzen; und wobei der Formrahmen (6) ebenfalls während des Formvorgangs einen Rand des fertig gepressten Produktes erzeugt, welcher Rand eine grössere Dichte als eine Dichte des inneren Bereiches des fertig gepressten Produktes hat, und welcher Rand auch eine geringere Tiefe hat als eine Tiefe des inneren Bereiches des fertig gepressten Produktes.
  6. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Formrahmen (6) einen inneren Teil (7) aufweist, welcher einen Pressvorgang an dem Rand des fertig gepressten Produktes ausführt, und welcher aussen durch einen umlaufenden Rand (8) begrenzt ist, der, gemessen in einer Richtung, in der ein Pressvorgang ausgeführt wird, nicht geringer als oder gleich wie eine Tiefe des mittleren Körpers des fertig gepressten Produktes (21) ist.
  7. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das obere Element (4), das wenigstens eine aktive, durch den Formrahmen (6) eingegrenzte Oberfläche (5) aufweist, aus einer unteren Fläche eines oberen, kontinuierlichen Bandes (15) gebildet ist, welches ringförmig geschlossen und zwischen zwei Trommeln (16) mit parallelen Achsen gespannt ist, die ausserhalb der Vorrichtung angeordnet sind; wobei die Saugöffnungen (13) aus durchgehenden Bohrungen gebildet werden, aufgewiesen in dem oberen kontinuierlichen Band (15) in einem Bereich, der sich zwischen den seitlichen isolierenden Wänden (9) und dem eingrenzenden Rand (8) befinden.
  8. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Saugöffnungen (13) dazu vorgesehen sind, in eine mit den entsprechenden Saugleitungen (14) in einem oberen Körper der Presse (11) übereinstimmende Position gebracht zu werden.
  9. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das ringförmig gewundene obere kontinuierliche Band (15) eine Anzahl von aktiven Oberflächen (5) enthält, eingegrenzt durch eine gleiche Anzahl von Formrahmen (6), die entlang dem oberen kontinuierlichen Band (15) verteilt sind.
  10. Maschine nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens der Formrahmen (6) aus einem Material hergestellt ist, das eine beachtliche elastische Verformbarkeit aufweist, und dass das untere Element (2), dass die untere Auflagefläche (3) zum Tragen der zu pressenden Pulver (20) wie auch des fertig gepressten Produktes trägt, aus einem oberen Trum eines unteren kontinuierlichen Bandes (12) gebildet ist, welcher synchron mit dem unteren Trum des oberen kontinuierlichen Bandes (15) bewegt wird.
EP20000201040 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver Expired - Lifetime EP1136212B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES00201040T ES2212961T3 (es) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Dispositivo mejorado para el moldeado de productos ceramicos, incluidos azulejos, baldosas, losas y similares, mediante prensado de polvos.
PT00201040T PT1136212E (pt) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Dispositivo aperfeicoado para fabricar ceramicos incluindo lajes e semelhantes por prensagem de po
DE2000607958 DE60007958T2 (de) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver
EP20000201040 EP1136212B1 (de) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20000201040 EP1136212B1 (de) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1136212A1 EP1136212A1 (de) 2001-09-26
EP1136212B1 true EP1136212B1 (de) 2004-01-28

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EP20000201040 Expired - Lifetime EP1136212B1 (de) 2000-03-23 2000-03-23 Verbesserte Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramischen Gegenständen wie zum Beispiel Platten , Fliesen und ähnlichen Artikeln durch Pressen von Pulver

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1136212B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60007958T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2212961T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1136212E (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2002352273A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-15 Rafael Fernandez Vicente Suction device for ceramic presses
ITUB20155626A1 (it) * 2015-11-16 2017-05-16 System Spa Elemento di formatura per manufatti ceramici
US11020875B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2021-06-01 System Ceramics S.P.A. Forming element for ceramic articles
CN110509401B (zh) * 2019-07-31 2020-06-26 佛山市富域新材料有限公司 一种瓷砖生产装置
CN111941607A (zh) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-17 佛山市富域新材料有限公司 一种瓷砖成型模具、脱模方法及使用其的陶瓷砖坯制备工艺

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB647144A (en) * 1947-07-17 1950-12-06 Malkin Tiles Burslem Ltd Improvements in and relating to die boxes for moulding clay tiles
DE1142265B (de) * 1956-10-11 1963-01-10 Jurid Werke Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von zu sinternden Presslingen aus Metallpulver
DE1965173A1 (de) * 1969-12-27 1971-07-22 Steinzeug Und Mosaikplattenfab Verfahren zur Herstellung von trittsicheren,mit Nocken versehenen,trockengepressten keramischen Steinzeugfliesen
GB2260318B (en) * 1991-09-17 1995-11-08 Daiken Corp An inorganic plate
FR2714048B1 (fr) * 1993-12-16 1996-02-16 Everite Sa Article, notamment plaque de revêtement de bâtiments, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel article.
IT1269274B (it) * 1994-11-22 1997-03-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Metodo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche ed impianto relativo
IT1287505B1 (it) * 1996-11-22 1998-08-06 Algeri Maris Metodo e mezzi per la pressatura di piastrelle ceramiche.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1136212E (pt) 2004-05-31
DE60007958D1 (de) 2004-03-04
EP1136212A1 (de) 2001-09-26
ES2212961T3 (es) 2004-08-16
DE60007958T2 (de) 2004-12-16

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