EP1106336B1 - Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1106336B1
EP1106336B1 EP19990204104 EP99204104A EP1106336B1 EP 1106336 B1 EP1106336 B1 EP 1106336B1 EP 19990204104 EP19990204104 EP 19990204104 EP 99204104 A EP99204104 A EP 99204104A EP 1106336 B1 EP1106336 B1 EP 1106336B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flat body
press
powder material
reliefs
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990204104
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1106336A1 (de
Inventor
Franco Stefani
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System SpA
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System SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by System SpA filed Critical System SpA
Priority to ES99204104T priority Critical patent/ES2264577T3/es
Priority to EP19990204104 priority patent/EP1106336B1/de
Priority to BR0005610A priority patent/BR0005610A/pt
Priority to CN 00134820 priority patent/CN1309014A/zh
Publication of EP1106336A1 publication Critical patent/EP1106336A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1106336B1 publication Critical patent/EP1106336B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
    • B28B7/0008—Venting channels, e.g. to avoid vacuum during demoulding or allowing air to escape during feeding, pressing or moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/36—Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article
    • B28B7/364—Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article of plastic material or rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/44—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for treating with gases or degassing, e.g. for de-aerating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0005—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses
    • B30B15/0017—Deairing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for removing air from soft powder material during the press-forming cycle in the manufacture of ceramic products.
  • the invention is applicable in press-forming powders for the forming of ceramic slabs and/or tiles.
  • one of the main problems is removal of the air present inside the bottom die mixed with the ceramic material to be pressed.
  • Ceramic powder mixtures usually composed of granules with a calibre of a few tenths of millimetres often referred-to as "soft" material, always retain a certain quantity of air when placed in the bottom die.
  • the press hydraulic circuit is commanded to discharge the punch hydraulic cylinder at certain points during the process and for short predetermined times.
  • the punch rises by a small amount, sufficient for the partially-compressed air to escape from the material and be bled out through the space created by the small play existing between the punch and the bottom die.
  • a first of these drawbacks is the inevitable slowing down of the press-forming cycle, which negatively influences machine productivity.
  • a further drawback is that the management of the whole forming operation is rendered more complicated, as the operation cycle must be tailored to the single product being pressed.
  • Air removal techniques are not the same for all products, but rather depend on many factors: the shape of the tile, its thickness, the type of "soft" material, the humidity level of the material itself, its granulometry, etc. All of these factors lead to the necessity of making an empirical search and try-out routine for each product to find out how many pauses will be needed and at what compression levels.
  • a still further drawback relates to the structure of the hydraulic circuit of the press-forming machines which, obviously, have to be predisposed so as to enable easy setting and carrying-out of the press-forming cycle characterised by one or more pauses.
  • a still further drawback can consist in a reduction in the overall quality level of the press-forming operation - with other parts of the cycle (i.e. the actual powder-pressing, loading and extraction) hurried up in the attempt to recuperate time lost due to the air-removal pauses.
  • EP 1 098 104 discloses a mold comprisong a pressing tool defining a pressing-chamber with the mold A pressing-wall facing the material to be pressed has narrow through holes allowing the passage of gaseous media and having at least one connection with the surrounding atmosphere
  • US2026940 discloses an apparatus for pressing semi-dry ceramic material under hish pressure comprisinz a mold, means for applying pressure to batch of such material in the mold, in which a face of the mold is provided with a plurality of bores. Said bores are connected to means for creating vacuum with a Plurality of interconnecting channels.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus able to obviate the above-described drawbacks and limitations in the prior art.
  • the invention offers numerous advantages over traditional prior art press-forming techniques.
  • Another advantage is that, with similar machine performance possibilities, material characteristics and product result, press-forming cycles made according to the invention are considerably quicker and simpler.
  • a further advantage relates to the structure of the hydraulic circuit of the press-former used for the forming cycle, which is decidedly simpler, with all the advantages that greater simplicity brings.
  • 1 and 2 respectively denote an upper and a lower element of a press 8, which elements are predisposed to be pressed one against the other to exert a pressing action on a material which has been previously placed between the facing surfaces 10 and 20 of the elements.
  • the element 1 is fixed to the structure 9 of the press 8, while the element 2 is mobile in a vertical direction and actuated by a hydraulic cylinder which is not shown in the figures of the drawings.
  • the press 8 is used as a forming machine for forming ceramic products, especially slabs and/or tiles, starting from a layer of soft powder material 11 which initially contains a considerable quantity of air.
  • the machine is equipped with an apparatus which has the aim of removing the air from the material during the press-forming stage, which apparatus essentially includes a plurality of holes on at least one of the two faces the soft material 11 comes into contact with.
  • the holes are in contact with the outside environment and are distributed over the whole contact surface.
  • the air initially contained in the soft material 11 is expelled following a compression action exerted on the material 11, and passes through cavities situated directly below the holes, which cavities are in direct contact with the outside environment.
  • the holes are denoted by reference number 3 and are distributed over an active surface 6, destined to come into direct contact with the powder material 11, of a flat body 5, which body 5 exhibits, on a face thereof opposite to the active surface 6, a plurality of the above-mentioned cavities 4, which are interconnecting.
  • the cavities 4 are in free communication with the outside through openings 12 at the edges of the flat body 5.
  • the flat body 5 exhibits, on the opposite side to the active surface, reliefs 7, the ends of which identify a rest surface, by which the body 5 is rested on the surface 20 of the element 2 - although the ends of the reliefs 7 could equally be rested and fixed on the surface 10 of element 1.
  • the flat body 5 is materially constituted by a mobile belt provided with intermittent motion and synchronised with the pressing action exerted by the first element 1 and the second element 2, which intermittent belt motion is in a perpendicular direction to that of the pressing action.
  • the loading of the soft powder material 11 can therefore take place away from the press 8, on the part of the belt which is not yet located between the first element 1 and the second element 2.
  • the flat body 5 is highly elastically deformable, at least in those parts thereof not occupied by the reliefs 7, and can preferably be made of an elastomer material. This characteristic gives good isostatic results during the pressing phase.
  • Lateral containment elements can be constrained to the surface 10 or the surface 6 of the flat body 5, which elements should be highly elastically deformable; their task is to laterally contain the pressing material, including during press-forming.
  • the cavities 4, which are quite large, are in fact the spaces not occupied by the reliefs 7, which are not very elastically deformable so that during compression the height of the cavities is prevented from being significantly reduced.
  • the homogeneous distribution of the holes 3 over the surface of the material to be pressed enables a homogeneous removal of air to be obtained, giving a final press-formed product which is structurally very homogeneous.
  • the homogeneous distribution of the holes 3 also enables the maximum pressure needed to achieve press-forming to be much lower than that required by traditional techniques.
  • the invention is also rather simple and is very adaptable to use in a production line where the press-former is of the type schematically illustrated in the figures of the drawings, i.e. with the upper element 1 (punch) fixed and the lower element 2 (bottom die) mobile and actuated by a hydraulic cylinder; and with the material loading functions, the containment of the material during the press-forming phase, and the pressed-material unloading operation being performed by a continuous belt constituted by a flat body 5 having intermittent predetermined step-motion, and being synchronised with the press-former 8 work cycle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Pressformvorrichtung für Keramikprodukte aus feinpulverförmigem Material, in welcher das Material zwischen einander zugewandten Oberflächen eines oberen Elementes (1) und eines unteren Elementes (2), die gegeneinander gedrückt werden, gepresst wird, wobei wenigstens eine der beiden Oberflächen mit einer Anzahl von Bohrungen (3) versehen ist, welche direkt mit Hohlräumen (4) verbunden sind, welche wiederum frei mit dem Aussenbereich in Verbindung stehen; wobei wenigstens eine der beiden Oberflächen, welche mit der Anzahl von Bohrungen (3) versehen ist, eine aktive Oberfläche (6) ist, dazu bestimmt, direkt mit dem Pulvermaterial in Kontakt zu kommen, und zwar von einem flachen Körper (5), welcher flache Körper (5) an einer entgegengesetzt von der aktiven Oberfläche (6) angeordneten Fläche eine Anzahl von miteinander verbundenen Hohlräumen (4) aufweist, welche mit Hilfe von Öffnungen, aufgewiesen an den Kanten des flachen Körpers (5), frei mit dem Aussenbereich in Verbindung stehen; wobei der flache Körper (5) an der entgegengesetzt von der aktiven Oberfläche (6) liegenden Fläche Erhebungen (7) mit Enden aufweist, welche eine Auflagefläche bilden, mit deren Hilfe der flache Körper (5) auf einer der einander zugewandten Oberflächen aufliegen kann; wobei der flache Körper (5) mit Hilfe der durch die Enden der Erhebungen (7) gebildeten Auflagefläche auf der Oberfläche (20) des unteren Elementes (2) aufliegt, welche der Oberfläche (10) des oberen Elementes (1) zugewandt ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der flache Körper (5) aus einem beweglichen Band gebildet ist, versehen mit einer schrittweisen Bewegung, welches Band mit einem Pressvorgang synchronisiert ist, ausgeführt durch das erste Element (1) und durch das zweite Element (2), und welche schrittweise Bewegung in einer lotrechten Richtung zu dem Pressvorgang verläuft; wobei das Laden des Pulvermaterials an einem Teil des beweglichen Bandes erfolgt, welcher sich nicht zwischen dem ersten Element (1) und dem zweiten Element (2) befindet.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der flache Körper (5) Eigenschaften hoher elastischer Verformbarkeit aufweist, wenigstens an seinen Teilen, die nicht direkt von den Erhebungen (7) betroffen sind.
EP19990204104 1999-12-03 1999-12-03 Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen Expired - Lifetime EP1106336B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES99204104T ES2264577T3 (es) 1999-12-03 1999-12-03 Dispositivo para eliminar aire de un material en polvo flaccido en un ciclo de moldeo por presion para la fabricacion de productos ceramicos.
EP19990204104 EP1106336B1 (de) 1999-12-03 1999-12-03 Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen
BR0005610A BR0005610A (pt) 1999-12-03 2000-11-28 Aparelho para remoção de ar de material em pó macio em um ciclo de formação de prensagem para manufatura de produtos cerâmicos
CN 00134820 CN1309014A (zh) 1999-12-03 2000-12-01 在陶瓷产品模压成形周期中从粉末材料排除空气的装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19990204104 EP1106336B1 (de) 1999-12-03 1999-12-03 Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1106336A1 EP1106336A1 (de) 2001-06-13
EP1106336B1 true EP1106336B1 (de) 2006-07-19

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EP19990204104 Expired - Lifetime EP1106336B1 (de) 1999-12-03 1999-12-03 Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Luft aus feinpulverförmigem Material während eines Pressenzyklus für die Herstellung von keramischen Gegenständen

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EP (1) EP1106336B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1309014A (de)
BR (1) BR0005610A (de)
ES (1) ES2264577T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10218642B4 (de) * 2002-04-25 2007-02-01 Tmd Friction Services Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Brems- oder Kupplungsbelägen aus bindemittelgebundenen Pressmassen
EP2384870A1 (de) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-09 Officina Ferrari Carlo Societa' Per Azioni Form zum Herstellen von keramischen Fliesen mit automatischer Entlüftung
KR101552018B1 (ko) * 2012-11-07 2015-09-09 오씨아이 주식회사 진공단열재 심재의 성형 장치 및 이를 통해 제조된 진공단열재
KR101415890B1 (ko) * 2013-07-05 2014-08-06 강원대학교산학협력단 보통콘크리트에 공기를 혼입하고 소산하는 과정을 통해 고성능 콘크리트를 제조하는 고성능 콘크리트 제조장치 및 이의 제조방법
CN106292761B (zh) * 2015-06-08 2019-02-15 佛山市恒力泰机械有限公司 一种陶瓷粉料液压自动压制机排气的控制方法及装置
CN107685388B (zh) * 2017-09-29 2019-10-29 晋晓瞳 一种陶泥压打装置及其使用方法
CN107866570A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-03 东北大学 一种用于粉末冶金温压成形的设备
CN110978224B (zh) * 2019-12-23 2021-05-04 台州路桥朝槿自动化科技有限公司 一种建筑瓷砖成型加工的压制设备

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2026940A (en) * 1934-12-13 1936-01-07 Harbison Walker Refractories Shaping refractory articles
US3737276A (en) * 1971-09-17 1973-06-05 Carborundum Co Molding of powdered or granular material
GB8715471D0 (en) * 1987-07-01 1987-08-05 Micropore International Ltd Moulding thermal insulation
JPH0399805A (ja) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-25 Lonseal Corp コンクリート型枠用養生シート
GB2260318B (en) * 1991-09-17 1995-11-08 Daiken Corp An inorganic plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1106336A1 (de) 2001-06-13
BR0005610A (pt) 2001-08-07
CN1309014A (zh) 2001-08-22
ES2264577T3 (es) 2007-01-01

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