EP1087408A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1087408A1 EP1087408A1 EP99118989A EP99118989A EP1087408A1 EP 1087408 A1 EP1087408 A1 EP 1087408A1 EP 99118989 A EP99118989 A EP 99118989A EP 99118989 A EP99118989 A EP 99118989A EP 1087408 A1 EP1087408 A1 EP 1087408A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- neutron capture
- capture section
- coating
- high neutron
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a coating for Absorption of the nuclear radioactive materials Neutrons.
- the invention also relates to a manufactured by the method Absorber element.
- absorber elements in the form of different types of shafts, canisters, Tubes or similar configuration are made that contain a neutron surround the emitting object and thereby shield it.
- the stake such absorber elements enable, for example, compact storage Neutron donating elements, especially fuel elements Nuclear power plants.
- a fuel assembly storage rack is known from EP 0 385 187 A1, in which Absorber sheets form a number of shafts that cover the fuel elements enclose their entire length. These absorber elements are around shafts or pipes made of a neutron absorbing material, for Example boron steel, a stainless steel with a boron content of 1 to 2%. Except these absorber elements are of the required manufacturing expenditure extremely expensive and the efficiency is limited due to the Boron content limited. When trying to increase the boron content, the Deposition of a boron-nickel alloy checked. The boron content can be up to be increased to 8%, but the costs also increase by a factor 10, so that an economical use of such pipes are out of the question can.
- US Pat. No. 4,218,622 describes a composite absorber element which has a thin carrier film or a thin carrier plate on which a polymer matrix is applied, in which boron carbide particles are embedded. Glass fiber-reinforced polymer is preferably used as the material of the carrier film or the carrier plate. The boron carbide particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the polar matrix, with a boron concentration of up to 0.1 g / cm 2 . When the composite absorber part is used in a fuel assembly storage rack, this absorber element has a thickness of up to 7 mm, is in the form of a film or sheet and is suspended between an inner wall and an outer wall. It is not clear from US Pat. No. 4,218,622 whether a homogeneous distribution of the boron carbide particles arranged on the surface of the polymer matrix is guaranteed over a longer period, in particular with regard to possible abrasion on the surface.
- EP 0 016 252 A1 describes a method for producing a described neutron-absorbing absorber element.
- boron carbide in the process by means of plasma spraying boron carbide together with a metallic substance applied a substrate, wherein the boron carbide in a matrix of a metallic substance is incorporated.
- the procedure is also such that oxidation of the boron is avoided.
- the absorber element thus produced is said to compared to a liquid medium, such as in a Fuel pool is present, be stable.
- the thickness of the means Plasma sprayed layer of metal and boron carbide at least 500 ⁇ m.
- the proportion of boron carbide is approximately 50% by volume.
- metallic substance are aluminum, copper and stainless steel, wherein the substrate is the same metallic substance as the sprayed layer contains.
- To achieve effective neutron absorption is a relatively thick one Layer on boron carbide required, in particular the thickness of layer 3 up to 6 mm.
- DE-AS 1 037 302 and DE 2 361 363 disclose pipes, especially cans, on their outer surface by electrolytic means provided with absorber material to protect against radioactive radiation.
- electrolytic means provided with absorber material to protect against radioactive radiation.
- boron steel is extremely complex.
- the steel will melted and boron is removed through complex procedures up to the 10-valence enriched and mixed with the melted steel. It results a boron steel with 1.1 to 1.4 wt .-% boron.
- This steel is very difficult to do machining is extremely brittle and difficult to weld.
- Shielding elements manufactured have an extremely high weight average absorption properties. For example, are made of boron steel manufactured inner storage containers, so-called baskets, for the intermediate storage of Fuel elements known that have a weight of about 10 t.
- WO 98/59344 describes a method for producing a coating for Neutron absorption is known, with corresponding surfaces of a Shielding element is provided with a boron / nickel layer, in which Dispersion bath boron in elemental form or boron carbide.
- Dispersion bath boron in elemental form or boron carbide Although can be achieve high boron incorporation rates, however the incorporation rate is when using boron limited in elementary form and the coating has great hardness and therefore a high brittleness.
- Boron carbide has poor conductivity, at most semiconductor properties, and is therefore electrolytically difficult or even not controllable. This results in only slow layer build-ups and bad layers. The relative movement generated results in a certain randomness in the layer structure. This makes the process whole very expensive, because it is in terms of the materials used Process management and the like very demanding.
- the present invention is based on the object of further improving a method for producing a coating or shielding elements for absorbing the neutrons formed during the nuclear reaction of radioactive materials, which method is economical and easy to use, the effectiveness of the absorption increased, allows greater variability with regard to the base materials and shape of the shielding elements, can be easily controlled in terms of process technology and in particular enables the manufacture of lighter absorber elements with at least the same absorption qualities.
- a method for producing a coating for absorbing the neutrons formed during the nuclear reaction of radioactive materials, at least part of a shielding element consisting of a base material being provided on its predetermined surfaces in a dispersion bath with an element having a high neutron capture section and an electrolytically or autocatalytically depositable metallic element is formed, wherein during the coating process a relative movement between the surface to be coated in each case and the dispersion bath is generated, the element having a high neutron capture section being present in an electrically conductive connection in the dispersion bath.
- Elements can be used as elements with a high neutron capture section the group boron, also in elemental form or boron carbide, gadolinium, cadmium, Samarium, Europium or Dysprosium.
- the high neutron capture section stands for the size of the capture cross section for neutrons of the respective element.
- Metallic connections in particular have proven to be conductive connections proven to be particularly usable.
- Metal borides such as for example iron boride, nickel boride and the like. The enumeration is exemplary and expandable in relation to the elements mentioned.
- the Conductivity stands for good electrolytic controllability, so the process under less demanding conditions with high reliability and Reproducibility can be managed.
- nickel, cadmium or copper are particularly suitable.
- the element with high neutron capture section or its connections are in this Metal matrix installed with the corresponding effect.
- isotopes of the respective elements which have an enlarged neutron capture section.
- 11 B means a neutron capture section of 0.005 barn
- isotope 10 B means 3837 barn. This results in the possible lower layer thicknesses.
- the absorption layers are on the order of up to 800 pm.
- Inorganic base material is advantageous use, for example steel, stainless steel, boron steel, titanium, aluminum, copper, Nickel and the like including appropriate alloys.
- carbon fiber material has the particular advantage of galvanotechnical manufacturability of the absorption element.
- the absorber element in finished condition or to manufacture in individual parts. Due to the independence from the base material can be very easily editable materials be used. On the other hand, very complicated forms of Completely prefabricate absorber elements, containers, baskets and the like and then coat according to the invention.
- the base material can be prefabricated as a finished part or as a single part, so that finished absorber elements can be formed from the individual parts.
- the Assembling the absorber elements or parts of absorber elements to complete storage points or baskets can be by force and / or positive connections are made.
- the invention also enables the coating of complete storage racks and baskets.
- the coating in Dispersion bath is either chemical or electrolytic.
- the relative movement between the surface to be coated and the Dispersion bath can, for example, by moving the coating Element in the dispersion bath.
- elements like boron and the like such that circulating or pumping the Dispersion is practically not economically possible. Any circulation or Pumping unit would be worn out in no time.
- a continued thorough mixing or a repeated mixing of the dispersion can be achieved, on the other hand a directed supply of the dispersion to the surface to be coated.
- the entire coating system can also move the element itself be moved for the purpose of generating the relative movement. So is for example, the coating can be carried out in a kind of drum.
- the relative movement can also be achieved by mechanical movement of the bath, Blowing gas, especially air, ultrasound support and combinations of which are done.
- the invention proposes that the to Coating surface in the dispersion bath arranged upward becomes.
- This Arrangement according to the invention in particular in combination with the temporary generation of a relative movement between the surface and the Dispersion bath, promotes excellent coating results.
- the invention proposes that the Coating process is carried out in a ceramic or glass tub. This ensures that the dispersion bath is particularly clean.
- the invention also relates to the method described manufactured absorber elements. These are characterized in that they are a formed from an element with a high neutron capture section and nickel Have coating with a portion of the element or its connection with high neutron capture section up to 60 vol.% or around 40 Vol .-%.
- the layer thickness is 350 to 500 ⁇ m up to 800 ⁇ m, the layer on an inorganic base material such as steel, titanium, copper or the like is trained. Layer thicknesses of up to 2000 ⁇ m can be achieved.
- the training takes place chemical or electrolytic.
- the shielding element can be in finished form or have been coated from individual Individual parts must be put together. Possible electrolytes are, for example Electroless nickel-phosphorus or electrolytically nickel.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen, wobei wenigstens ein Teil eines aus einem Basismaterial bestehenden Abschirmelementes an seinen dafür vorbestimmten Oberflächen in einem Dispersionsbad mit einer aus einem Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion und einem elektrolytisch bzw. autokatalytisch abscheidbaren metallischen Element gebildeten Schicht versehen wird, wobei während des Beschichtungsvorganges wenigstens zeitweise eine Relativbewegung zwischen der jeweils zu beschichtenden Oberfläche und dem Dispersionsbad erzeugt wird, wobei das Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion in einer elektrisch leitenden Verbindung im Dispersionsbad vorliegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion wenigstens eines der Elemente aus der Gruppe Bor, Gadolinium, Cadmium, Samarium, Europium oder Dysporsium verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als elektrolytisch bzw. autokatalytisch abscheidbares metallisches Element eines der Elemente aus der Gruppe Nickel, Cadmium oder Kupfer verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als leitende Verbindung des Elementes mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion eine metallische Verbindung verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als leitende Verbindung des Elementes mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion Metallborid verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion in Form eines Isotopen mit erhöhter Neutroneneinfangssektion verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Relativbewegung durch Bewegung des zu beschichtenden Elementes erzeugt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Relativbewegung durch Einblasen von Gas, und/oder Ultraschallbeschickung erzeugt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtbildung chemisch erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtbildung elektrolytisch erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Schicht von einer Dicke von bis zu 800 µm erzeugt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion oder seine Verbindungen mit bis zu 60 Vol.-% in die Metallmatrix eingebaut wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dispersionsbad während des Beschichtungsvorganges wenigstens zeitweise durchmischt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren in einer Keramik- oder Glaswanne durchgeführt wird.
- Absorberelement hergestellt nach dem Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses aus einem anorganischen Basismaterial mit einer darauf ausgebildeten aus einem Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion und einem elektrolytisch bzw. autokatalytisch abscheidbaren metallischen Element gebildeten Schicht besteht, wobei in der Beschichtung ein Element mit hoher Neutroneneinfangssektion mit mehr als 20 Vol.-% enthalten ist.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59914334T DE59914334D1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen |
PCT/EP1999/007166 WO2001024198A1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung zur absorption der bei der kernreaktion radioaktiver materialien entstehenden neutronen |
EP99118989A EP1087408B1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen |
AT99118989T ATE362181T1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung zur absorption der bei der kernreaktion radioaktiver materialien entstehenden neutronen |
ES99118989T ES2287998T3 (es) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Procedimiento de fabricacion de un revestimiento para la absorcion de los neutrones producidos por la reaccion nuclear de materiales radioactivos. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/007166 WO2001024198A1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung zur absorption der bei der kernreaktion radioaktiver materialien entstehenden neutronen |
EP99118989A EP1087408B1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1087408A1 true EP1087408A1 (de) | 2001-03-28 |
EP1087408B1 EP1087408B1 (de) | 2007-05-09 |
Family
ID=26070383
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99118989A Expired - Lifetime EP1087408B1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 1999-09-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung zur Absorption der bei der Kernreaktion radioaktiver Materialien entstehenden Neutronen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1087408B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE362181T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59914334D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2287998T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001024198A1 (de) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3625821A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1971-12-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fuel-element coating containing burnable poison |
US4238299A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1980-12-09 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Tubing with copper-boron carbide composite facing and methods for its production |
EP0055679A2 (de) * | 1980-12-31 | 1982-07-07 | Framatome | Behälter zum Lagern unter Wasser von bestrahlten Brennstoffgruppen und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines solches Behälters |
JPS60235096A (ja) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-21 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 中性子遮蔽吸収用材料の製法 |
US4824634A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-04-25 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Element with burnable poison coating |
US4880597A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-11-14 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Alloy coated fuel cladding |
WO1996036972A1 (de) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-11-21 | Metallveredlung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur herstellung von abschirmelementen zur absorption der bei der kernreaktion radioaktiver materialien entstehenden neutronen |
WO1998059344A1 (de) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-12-30 | Metallveredlung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung zur absorption von neutronen |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4227928A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1980-10-14 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Copper-boron carbide composite particle and method for its production |
JPS59102953A (ja) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-06-14 | Rin Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 導電性の合成樹脂組成物 |
-
1999
- 1999-09-27 DE DE59914334T patent/DE59914334D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-27 EP EP99118989A patent/EP1087408B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-27 ES ES99118989T patent/ES2287998T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-27 WO PCT/EP1999/007166 patent/WO2001024198A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-27 AT AT99118989T patent/ATE362181T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3625821A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1971-12-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fuel-element coating containing burnable poison |
US4238299A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1980-12-09 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Tubing with copper-boron carbide composite facing and methods for its production |
EP0055679A2 (de) * | 1980-12-31 | 1982-07-07 | Framatome | Behälter zum Lagern unter Wasser von bestrahlten Brennstoffgruppen und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines solches Behälters |
JPS60235096A (ja) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-21 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 中性子遮蔽吸収用材料の製法 |
US4824634A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-04-25 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Element with burnable poison coating |
US4880597A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-11-14 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Alloy coated fuel cladding |
WO1996036972A1 (de) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-11-21 | Metallveredlung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur herstellung von abschirmelementen zur absorption der bei der kernreaktion radioaktiver materialien entstehenden neutronen |
WO1998059344A1 (de) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-12-30 | Metallveredlung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung zur absorption von neutronen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Week 198602, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1986-010673, XP002138147 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1087408B1 (de) | 2007-05-09 |
ATE362181T1 (de) | 2007-06-15 |
DE59914334D1 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
WO2001024198A1 (de) | 2001-04-05 |
ES2287998T3 (es) | 2007-12-16 |
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