Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
  • E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of demolishing a multi-storey building consisting of a set of load-bearing walls which are substantially parallel to one another, commonly called sails, and a set of slabs delimiting the floors, the slabs being substantially parallel to one another and substantially perpendicular to said load-bearing walls, this process consisting in demolishing the building from top to bottom by collapse in the manner of a house of cards.
• the invention also relates to equipment for implementing this method.
• the explosive caving solution which consists of placing explosive charges at predetermined locations to cause the overall collapse of the building.
• This last quick and effective solution is moreover very costly since it is necessary to add to the own cost of the explosives and their installation, an external cost for the location and clearing of a security perimeter around the building, for example within a radius of 300 meters.
• This external cost includes all the administrative procedures and the deployment of security forces for the evacuation of dwellings, the interruption of land and air traffic, etc.
• This explosive caving solution only becomes profitable from a 16-storey building em ⁇ ron.
• the object of the present invention is to remedy this lack by proposing a process and equipment for demolition which may be suitable for any type of building without limitation in height. It is of course a process which does not use explosives, resulting in a demolition which does not exceed the footprint of the building on the ground, having a cost of implementation much lower than that of caving since it is not necessary to plan for the evacuation of a security perimeter, or the interruption of traffic, and whose completion time is relatively rapid. Furthermore, this process is also safe for operators since it is not necessary to weaken the structure of the building. In addition, it can be supplemented by a safety device which makes it possible to restore the building's stability in the event that a technical incident occurs before the final demolition phase.
• the present invention relates to a demolition process as defined in the preamble and characterized in that it comprises the following steps: • a series of reefing pouches are placed on a defined floor of the furniture, on two parallel load-bearing walls respectively by means of a mooring device, these pouches being arranged substantially at regular intervals, in staggered rows, on at least part of the length of these walls, "there is a hauling cable between these pouches, one end of the cable being rigidly fixed to one of the load-bearing walls, the cable passing from a pulley from a wall to a pulley from the other zigzag wall and the other end of the cable being rigidly fixed to a traction winch, the hauling cable thus being divided into as many strands as hauling bags, and “the rotation of said haul is controlled remotely winch arranged to pull on the hauling cable, passing on this pulling force on the hauling strands and pulleys so as to knock down the load-bearing walls in a
• the number of strands and pouches of haulage to be installed is defined as a function of a multi-factor coefficient of the tensile force which it is desired to obtain in order to knock down said load-bearing walls.
• openings are drilled in the intermediate load-bearing walls arranged between the two load-bearing walls supporting said reel bags, these openings being arranged to allow the strands of said reel cable to pass.
• the jacks are controlled simultaneously so that they change state so as to induce a pushing force complementary to the pulling force.
• these jacks are controlled simultaneously so that they return to their initial state so as to induce a thrust force opposite to the traction force.
• the present invention also relates to demolition equipment for the implementation of the above method, characterized in that it comprises at least two reel bags, two mooring devices, a reel cable and a traction winch, the two reel pouches being fixed to two parallel load-bearing walls by means of mooring devices and the reel cable passing over these two pouches, one of its ends being rigidly fixed to one of the load-bearing walls and the other end being rigidly fixed to said traction winch.
• this equipment comprises a number of hauling bags defined as a function of a multiplying coefficient of the pulling force necessary for the felling of said load-bearing walls.
• the mooring device comprises at least one mooring cable terminated by two loops, this cable being housed in a through hole made in said bearing wall, a metal tube being threaded in a first loop and blocking said cable at the back of said wall. the other loop carrying said hauling pulley.
• the mooring device of each hauling pulley is preferably arranged at an angle formed by the intersection of a wall and a corresponding slab.
• This equipment can also include at least one return pulley intended to receive the strand of the hauling cable connected to said winch.
• the equipment comprises at least two safety cylinders arranged to constitute bracing in two adjacent rooms separated by at least one intermediate bearing wall, the cylinder oriented in the direction felling walls being in the retracted position and the cylinder oriented in the opposite direction of felling the walls being in the extended position.
• Each safety cylinder may consist of a single-acting cylinder, arranged in a diagonal of said part and bearing on the corresponding angles of said part reinforced by metal angles.
• each safety cylinder may have its rod attached to an elongated support piece, at least one of the cylinders additionally comprising a protective element disposed between the rod and the support piece to protect said cylinder.
• the winch or the jacks are controlled remotely.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a building to be demolished with the positioning of the demolition equipment according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a top view of detail A of FIG. 1 showing the load-bearing walls and the arrangement of the hauling cable between these walls,
• FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a device for mooring a hauling pulley
• Figures 4A and 4B are enlarged views of details B and C of Figure 1 showing the safety cylinders forming braces.
• the building 1 to be demolished consists of a set of load-bearing walls 2 commonly called sails and a set of slabs 3 defining the numbered floors from the ground floor to the 17th.
• the load-bearing walls 2 and the slabs 3 schematically form a grid of rooms 4.
• the demolition method according to the invention consists in demolishing this building by collapsing from top to bottom, by exercising on a floor chosen for example in the last third of the building and more specifically in the example illustrated on the 13th floor, a pull between two parallel load-bearing walls oriented diagonally, having the effect of knocking down these two load-bearing walls in the direction of arrow F, causing the collapse of other load-bearing walls and slabs of the upper floors which collapse on top of each other and, by their weight, cause the collapse of the lower floors.
• This slaughter operation is enough to demolish the building in a single operation. Any remaining parts are then demolished using a hydraulic shovel.
• this demohtion method comprises the following steps:
• a series of hauling bags 5 are placed on two parallel parallel walls 2 respectively by means of a mooring device 6, these bags being arranged substantially at regular intervals, staggered, over at least part of the length of these walls,
• the number of strands 7c and of reel pouches 5 to be installed is chosen as a function of a multipheator coefficient of the tensile force which it is desired to bring down the load-bearing walls 2 which carry said pouches.
• This coefficient is so known proportional to the number of strands. This allows, for example with a winch 8 pulling at 30 tonnes, to exert a pulling force of 300 tonnes at the level of the reel bags 5.
• the tensile force required to knock down load-bearing walls can be determined by calculation or simply estimated very widely.
• the demohtion equipment allowing the implementation of this process comprises a defined number of reel bags 5, as many mooring devices 6, a reel cable 7 and a traction winch 8 disposed on the ground at the foot of the 'building 1.
• a return pouch 9 is provided for deflecting the hauling cable 7 substantially at a right angle.
• the winch 8 can be placed all around the building on a perimeter of 360 ° relative to the first reel pouch 5, the tensile force remaining the same.
• the reel bags 5 are fixed on two parallel load-bearing walls 2 by means of mooring devices 6 placed in staggered rows and distributed over all or part of the length of said walls.
• a series of hauling bags is placed in the upper part of one of the walls and the other series of hauling bags is placed in the lower part of the other wall (see fig. 1) so as to orient the tensile forces in the diagonal.
• the hauling cable 7 goes from one pouch to another, and from one wall to another, in a zig zag fashion. It is fixed at one of its ends 7a to one of the load-bearing walls and at the other end 7b to said traction winch 8.
• the two load-bearing walls 2 on which the pouches 5 are fixed are separated by a third intermediate load-bearing wall 2.
• the latter is traversed right through by said hauling cable 7 through openings 10 formed in this wall.
• No or more intermediate walls can be provided between these two load-bearing walls 2 depending on the configuration of the building.
• each mooring device 6 comprises at least one mooring cable 61 terminated by two loops 62, 63, this cable being housed in a through hole 64 formed in said bearing wall 2, a metal tube 65 being threaded in a first loop 62 and blocking said cable 61 at the rear of said wall 2, the other loop 63 carrying said reel pouch 5 mounted for example in a stirrup 66.
• This mooring device 6 is designed in a rudimentary manner but it has the advantage of being very efficient, inexpensive and easy to install.
• the through hole 64 is preferably but not necessarily arranged in the angle formed between a bearing wall 2 and a slab 3. Of course, other mooring devices can be used.
• the traction winch 8 is started by means of a remote control.
• the tensile force exerted by the winch 8 on the hauling cable 7 is reflected with a multipheator coefficient on the hauling bags 5 which will pull the two load-bearing walls 2 diagonally towards each other until the wall carrying the pouhes in its upper part falls on the slab 3 of the floor concerned towards the other wall in the direction of the arrow F.
• the slabs and the walls of the upper floors collapse on this floor resulting by their weight, the collapse of the walls and slabs of the lower floors.
• hauling devices can be placed inside the building, these devices being able to be controlled simultaneously.
• this demohtion equipment is advantageously supplemented by a safety device which makes it possible to restore the stability of the building in the event of a technical incident observed at the start of the demohtion operation.
• this safety device comprises at least two safety cylinders 11, 12 arranged to constitute braces in two adjacent rooms 4 located on the same floor and separated by at least one intermediate load-bearing wall 2.
• the jack 11 oriented in the direction of felling of the walls represented by the arrow F is in the retracted position and the jack 12 oriented in the opposite direction to the felling direction of the walls according to the arrow F is in the extended position.
• several safety cylinders 11, 12 can be provided depending on the configuration of the building. Likewise, the locations indicated above are not limiting.
• These jacks 11, 12 are remotely controlled like the traction winch 8.
• Each safety cylinder 11, 12 consists of a single-acting cylinder, for example hydraulic or pneumatic, arranged in a diagonal of said part 4 and bearing on the corresponding angles of this part reinforced by metal angles 13.
• the stroke of these safety cylinders 11, 12 is for example 50 cm.
• Each safety cylinder 11, 12 has a body 110, 120 welded to a log metalhque 14 housed in one of the angles 13, as well as a rod 111, 121 rehée to an elongated support piece 15, 15 'welded to a metalhque log 14 housed in the other angle 13.
• the jack 12 also has a protective element 16 disposed between its rod 121 and its support piece 15 and arranged to protect said cylinder.
• these jacks 11 and 12 are arranged to generate a pushing force complementary to the pulling force due to the hauling device.
• the jack 11 which is in the initial retracted position, is powered to take out its rod 111 and push the elongated support piece 15 in the angle where it is supported, generating a force component in the direction of knocking down of the walls along arrow F.
• the power supply to the jack 12, which is in the initial extended position, is cut off causing the retraction of its rod 121 and the retraction of the elongated support piece 15 ′ and of the element protective 16 so as to remove the bracing in this room 4 allowing the wall 2 and the slab 3 to move in the felling direction according to arrow F.
• the operator can immediately stop the traction winch 8 and restore the safety cylinders 11 and 12 to their initial position, i.e. -display in the retracted position for the jack 11 and in the extended position for the jack 12 so as to restore the braces which consohdent and stabilize the structure of the building. Thanks to this safety device, interventions can still be undertaken inside the building without danger to operators.
• braces described above can also be made of other materials, for example telescopic arms, the main thing being to be able, from a distance, to restore them to their initial position in the event of an incident and before dismantling.
• the present invention is not limited to the example of rehsation described but extends to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Shovels (AREA)
• Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
• Dental Preparations (AREA)
• Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
• Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9531457

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 1998
  • 1998-10-08 FR FR9812763A patent/FR2784412B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-10-04 ES ES99970442T patent/ES2221480T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-10-04 AU AU59884/99A patent/AU5988499A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-10-04 PT PT99970442T patent/PT1082505E/pt unknown
  • 1999-10-04 AT AT99970442T patent/ATE267316T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-10-04 WO PCT/FR1999/002351 patent/WO2000022258A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1999-10-04 DE DE69917448T patent/DE69917448T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-10-04 EP EP99970442A patent/EP1082505B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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