EP1081433B1 - Puits d'alimentation d'incinérateur d'ordures avec dispositif de sectionnement - Google Patents

Puits d'alimentation d'incinérateur d'ordures avec dispositif de sectionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1081433B1
EP1081433B1 EP00117241A EP00117241A EP1081433B1 EP 1081433 B1 EP1081433 B1 EP 1081433B1 EP 00117241 A EP00117241 A EP 00117241A EP 00117241 A EP00117241 A EP 00117241A EP 1081433 B1 EP1081433 B1 EP 1081433B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide
chute
cutting
sealing
cutting apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00117241A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1081433A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Forsberg
Jörg Meier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Innova AG
Original Assignee
Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Publication of EP1081433A1 publication Critical patent/EP1081433A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1081433B1 publication Critical patent/EP1081433B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/16—Waste feed arrangements using chute
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chute of a loading system a waste incineration plant with a cutting device according to claims 1 and 14 and a method of operation this chute according to claim 11.
  • Waste incineration plants are loaded in the Rule about a so-called loading system: the waste is turned from a bunker into a chute and further into a Dosing device promoted at the end of the chute. The Dosing device finally leads the waste in a well-dosed manner to the oven.
  • chutes are used considerable length (height up to and greater than 10m) worked, through which the waste solely due to the Gravity is conveyed through, e.g. in U.S. 4,452,154 or US 5 655 463.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a chute to put in the big objects no longer Cause malfunctions, and a method of operation to create such a chute.
  • This task is accomplished with a chute according to claim 1 and 14 and a method according to claim 11 for operating the Chute solved.
  • a clamping slide of a cutting device of a chute is up to the touch in the direction of a counterholder displaceable.
  • This counterhold can be used as a separate element be designed, but can e.g. also from part of a Shaft wall of the chute should be formed. Jammed when moving the clamping slide against the counter holder larger object between the counterholder and the clamping slide, so a gap remains between the two, and the Clamp slide does not reach its closed position.
  • this Case is one arranged under the clamp slide Cutting slide, which with its cutting edge extends over the Is slidable, activatable, which after those part of the object protruding from the gap below cuts. Become the clamping slide and the cutting slide moved back to their open position, they give the Shaft cross section free and the part of the The object falls into the chute.
  • a V-shaped cutting edge that the part of the object to be separated before cutting included on the side guarantees a cut off, in contrast to a disconnect, which is a greater force and therefore one would require more energy.
  • the drop chute Cutting device at least approximately sealing conclude. In this way, in addition to cutting large objects the cutting device at the same time as Closure device are used, the one False air ingress prevented. This enables a better one Regulation of the combustion air supply and thereby a better one Combustion, reduced pollutant emissions, more homogeneous Temperature profiles and minor thermal loads in the Combustion chamber.
  • a arranged below the cutter and by this spaced sealing slide can the chute seal tightly while the cutter is open is.
  • Sealing slide and cutting device are of the type a lock can be used, which is particularly advantageous if the waste incineration plant operated substoichiometrically shall be.
  • Inerting the system is very efficient possible by e.g. in one by the sealing slide and the Cutting device limited lock space an inert gas, e.g. Nitrogen is injected. Because of this Nitrogen cushion can seal the almost completely Oven can be reached from the atmosphere. The oven can then completely through further nitrogen injections be rendered inert.
  • an inert gas e.g. Nitrogen
  • Fig. 1 is a cutting device 10 of a chute 12 in cross section to sliding elements 14, which for Cutting device 10 are shown.
  • This Sliding elements 14 are a plate-shaped counterholder 16 and a plate-shaped clamping slide 18, which is in a common Plane of movement perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 22 of the Chute 12 towards and away from each other are movable, as well as immediately below the Clamping slide 18 on a parallel to the plane of movement Level and in the same direction as the clamping slide 18th Slidable, also plate-like cutting slide 24.
  • the cutting slide 24 has a cutting edge 25 which as shown in Fig. 3b, is formed in a V-shape such that Objects to be cut are encompassed laterally by it.
  • Fig. 1 all sliding elements 14 are in their Open position in which the cross section of the shaft 12 release completely. They are gas-tight in the chute 12 connected housing 26 projecting laterally therefrom postponed.
  • the housings 26 are preferably formed from sheet metal and welded.
  • All sliding elements 14 are by means of hydraulic cylinder-piston units 28 movable, which on a frame 30 of Chute 12 stored and tight in the housing 26th are introduced.
  • the cylinder-piston units 28 protrude into the designed as a box structure 32 plate-shaped Sliding elements 14 and are connected to them inside.
  • plate-like means that the length and depth of the slide elements 14 compared to their thickness are much larger.
  • Guide rails 34 are laterally on the cutting slide 24 and on the counter holder 16 Guide rails 34 arranged, which in one above the other arranged guide grooves 36 on two each other opposite shaft walls 38 are stored and guided. In Fig. 2a, only one of these shaft walls 38 is included Guide grooves 36 and guide rails 34 guided therein shown.
  • the guide grooves 36 have slide rails 40.
  • Sealing lips, wipers and seals may be provided.
  • the Guide bars 34 are - in the closing direction - over the Cutting slide 24 or counterholder 18, so that they are in Open the guide grooves 36 over the entire Fill in shaft depth d. This way the intrusion prevented from waste in the guide grooves 36 and the Guides cannot jam.
  • the guide grooves 36 and the guide bars 34 are of this type configured that the guide rails 34 do not have the Shaft wall 38 protrude into chute 12. So can no waste collects on the guide rails 34. It is conceivable with the help of adjustment elements, e.g. in the form of Adjusting screws, the play between guide grooves 36 and To minimize guide rails 34 in a known manner.
  • the cutting edge 25 of the cutting slide 24, the clamping slide 18 and the counter-holder 16 are one on the other aligned that the cutting edge 25 of the cutting slide 24th on the underside of the clamping slide 18 and the counter holder 16 slides along and optimally with one when cutting cooperates lower front edge 54 of the counter-holder 16.
  • the guides 42 of the clamping slide 18 are between Clamping slide 18 and cutting slide 24.
  • Fig. 2b is shown, the box structure 32 of the Clamping slide 18 on its lower cutting slide 24 facing page 41 open.
  • On the clamping slide 18 is on the Inside of the side wall a strut 44 with a groove 46, in which is a guide bar 48 fastened to the cutting slide 24 intervenes.
  • a guide bar 48 fastened to the cutting slide 24 intervenes.
  • slide rails 40 in the groove 46 used.
  • a larger one Object 50 between the clamping slide 18 and counter-holder 16 and the clamping slide 18 can not within a Predeterminable time brought into its closed position the cutting slide 24 is activated (see Fig. 3a, III).
  • the clamping slide 18 with a driver 52nd equipped, the cutting slide 24 during the Moving the clamping slide 18 in the closing direction mechanically entrains; the drive of the cutting slide 24 has an open hydraulic system for this.
  • FIG. 4 is a feed system 58 in vertical section in Longitudinal direction 22 of the chute 12 with a Cutting device 10 shown.
  • the feed system 58 has a feed hopper 60, the one with waste 61 from the waste bunker (not shown) by means of a conveyor belt 62, it could also be a crane used, is loaded.
  • the chute 12 is connected at its lower end 12 'a metering device 64 is arranged.
  • the metering device 64 has a plunger 66 on a floor 64 'serving as a pestle table is pushed.
  • the dosing device 64 performs this Gravity from feed hopper 60 through chute 12 conveyed waste 61 following the metering device Oven 68 too.
  • the cutting device 10 is the end 12 ′′ of the chute 12 arranged as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and is described above. For simplicity, are from this cutter only shown the housing 26 and the Clamping slide 18 and cutting slide 24 indicated.
  • Sealing device 69 At a distance below the cutting device 10 and in a distance above the dosing device 64 is one Sealing device 69 arranged.
  • This has one Sealing slide 70, which is analogous to that as a sliding element 14 trained counterholder 16 is built, however has such a size that it is in the sealing position Chute 12 closes.
  • the sealing slide 70 points to each other opposite sides each have a lateral guide bar 72 on each other in a corresponding guide groove 74 opposite shaft walls 38 and side walls of the associated housing 26 'is guided. These are again tightly connected to the shaft walls.
  • a first fill level sensor 78 is arranged at the bottom 64 '.
  • second level sensor 80 is in the of Sealing device 68 and the cutting device 10 limited lock room 82 arranged.
  • the distance between the second level sensor 80 and the sealing device 68 is smaller than the distance between this and the first fill level sensor 78 arranged underneath ensures that the volume from the sealing slide 70 to second fill level sensor 80 is smaller than the volume between the first level sensor 78 and the sealing slide 70.
  • the volume of that between the bottom 64 'and the Sealing device 69 existing space larger than that Volume of the lock room 82.
  • the mode of operation of that shown in Fig.4a Feeding system 58 is as follows: It is from the positions shown, i.e. the cutting device 10 is in the closed position and the sealing slide 70 in Sealing position. Located on the sealing slide 70 Decline through to the second level sensor 80 detected maximum level. The plunger 66 loads in desired measure the oven 68, thereby filling the level of the room decreases below the sealing device 69. Reaches this detect one by the first level sensor 78 minimum fill level, a loading cycle is triggered. Here, the sealing slide 70 from the sealing position in withdrawn the open position, whereby the in Lock room 82 waste on the still on the Bottom 64 'waste falls. Then the Seal slide 70 immediately back in the sealing position postponed.
  • the cutting device 10 During the open position of the sealing slide 70 the cutting device 10 has taken over the sealing function. With the sealing slide in the sealing position again 70, the cutting device 10 is opened and the Lock room 82 to a maximum through the second Level sensor 80 detected level is filled. As next the cutter 10 is closed and the Feed cycle remains in retirement until the first one Level sensor 78 again a minimum level detected and the loading cycle starts again. The The cutting device 10 is closed as above described.
  • the best sealing of the chute 12 is achieved if both the cutting device 10 and the Sealing device 69 are closed. To do this about To achieve the longest possible time, the Lock room 82 with a sufficiently large storage capacity realized. For example, if this has a storage capacity that is a quarter of the hourly waste throughput corresponds, the loading cycle is an average of four times per Hour. There are all between these loading cycles Slider closed. During the loading cycle is always either the sealing device 69 or the Cutter 10 closed; these work in Push-pull.
  • the cutter 10 cuts through the waste 61 is possible to minimize the maintenance effort to strive for rare cutting. This is sufficient by one large distance between the second level sensor 80 and the cutting device 10 ensured. Are in the trash Items available, the length of which is the height of the Lock room 82 surpasses these items severed by means of the cutting device 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Puits de chute d'un système d'alimentation (58) d'une installation d'incinération de déchets, avec un dispositif de découpage (10) présentant un registre de serrage (18) et un registre de découpage (24), dans lequel le registre de serrage (18) est déplaçable dans un sens et dans l'autre entre une position d'ouverture libérant le puits de chute (12) et une position de fermeture fermant le puits de chute (12) en coopération avec un contre-support (16), et le registre de découpage (24), lorsqu'il n'a pas atteint la position de fermeture par suite de présence d'un déchet entre le contre-support (16) et le registre de serrage (18), est déplaçable avec son arête de découpage (25) placée à l'avant, sur la valeur de l'intervalle (56) existant entre le contre-support (16) et le registre de serrage (18).
  2. Puits de chute selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le contre-support (16) est réalisé sous la forme d'éléments coulissants (14), le contre-support (16) et le registre de serrage (18) sont déplaçables en direction l'un de l'autre et à l'opposé l'un de l'autre dans un plan de déplacement commun, s'étendant, de préférence, à angle droit par rapport à la direction longitudinale (22) du puits de chute (12), et la position de fermeture est située, de préférence, au moins à peu près au centre du puits de chute (12).
  3. Puits de chute selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le registre de découpage (24) est déplaçable directement au-dessous du plan de déplacement et parallèlement à celui-ci et l'arête de découpage (25) est susceptible d'être approchée, de façon réglable, de préférence, à l'aide d'un dispositif d'ajustement jusqu'à l'entrée en contact sur la face inférieure du plan de déplacement.
  4. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'arête de découpage (25) est conformée en V, de manière à ce qu'elle entoure latéralement un déchet (50) à découper.
  5. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le registre de découpage (24) est déplaçable depuis le côté du registre de serrage (18) vers le contre-support (16) et, de préférence, le registre de serrage (18) est monté sur le registre de découpage (24) et guidé à l'aide d'un guidage (42) disposé sur le registre de découpage (24).
  6. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le registre de découpage (24) et le contre-support (16) présentent des montants de guidage (34) latéraux, montés chacun dans des rainures de guidage (36) disposées dans des parois de puits (38) mutuellement opposées, et en ce que, en position d'ouverture, les montants de guidage (34) remplissent les rainures de guidage (36) sur la totalité de la profondeur (d) du puits.
  7. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le registre de serrage (18), le registre de découpage (24) et, le cas échéant, le contre-support (16) réalisé sous la forme d'éléments coulissants présentent chacun un élément d'entraínement propre, de préférence un ensemble à piston et cylindre hydraulique (28), prenant appui en particulier sur un cadre (30) disposé sur le puits de chute (12).
  8. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de découpage (10) est disposé dans la zone d'extrémité supérieure (12") du puits de chute (12), et en ce que le puits de chute (12) est susceptible d'être fermé de façon au moins à peu près étanche aux gaz, à l'aide du registre de serrage (18) et du contre-support (16) et, le cas échéant, du registre de découpage (24).
  9. Puits de chute selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au-dessous du dispositif de découpage (10) et à distance de celui-ci est disposé un registre d'étanchéité (70), en ce que, par le dispositif de découpage (10) et le registre d'étanchéité (70), est délimité un espace d'éclusage (52), dont le volume est inférieur à celui de l'espace délimité par le registre d'étanchéité (70) et un fond (64') disposé sur l'extrémité inférieure de puits (12').
  10. Puits de chute selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le registre d'étanchéité (70) est déplaçable de manière que, à la position ouverte, il libère la section transversale du puits et que, à sa position d'étanchéité dans le puits de chute (12), il ferme celui-ci de façon étanche, et en ce qu'il présente des montants de guidage (72), de préférence latéraux, montés chacun dans des rainures de guidage (74) disposées sur des parois de puits (38) mutuellement opposées de sorte que, en position d'ouverture, les montants de guidage (72) remplissent les rainures de guidage (74) sur la totalité de la hauteur (d) du puits.
  11. Procédé de fonctionnement du dispositif selon les revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que par l'intermédiaire de capteurs de niveau de remplissage (78), installés dans le puits de chute (12), on enregistre le degré de remplissage et, en cas d'atteinte d'un niveau de remplissage déterminé, on procède à l'alimentation du puits de chute (12), ce pourquoi est lancé un cycle de travail du dispositif de découpage (10), lors duquel le registre de serrage (18) et, le cas échéant, le contre-support (16) sont d'abord déplacés à leur position d'ouverture, ensuite, pour assurer la fermeture du puits (12), le contre-support (16) est poussé à sa position finale et verrouillé, puis le registre de serrage (18) est déplacé dans la direction du contre-support (16), jusqu'à atteindre sa position de fermeture en appui sur le contre-support (16), ou est maintenu à sa position avec une pression de pressage définie par rapport au contre-support (16), et le registre de découpage (24) est activé.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, en cas de non atteinte de la position de fermeture du registre de serrage (18), le cycle de travail du dispositif de découpage (10) est répété dans les limites d'un nombre de cycles prédéterminable, jusqu'à ce que le registre de découpage (24) ait complètement parcouru l'intervalle (56) et ait atteint sa position finale, ou, en cas de dépassement du nombre de cycles prédéterminé, le processus est stoppé et une information d'avertissement est émise.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, pour le fonctionnement d'un dispositif selon les revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce qu'en cas de détection d'une hauteur de remplissage minimale prédéterminée dans l'espace situé entre le registre d'étanchéité (70) et le fond (64') à l'extrémité inférieure. de puits (12'), le registre d'étanchéité (70) est ouvri et le contenu de l'espace d'éclusage (82) situé dans cet espace est vidé, en ce que, ensuite, le registre d'étanchéité (70) est fermé et, ensuite, le dispositif de découpage (10) est ouvert et l'espace d'éclusage (82) est rempli jusqu'à une hauteur maximale prédéterminable, qui est inférieure à une hauteur absolue de l'espace d'éclusage (82), et le dispositif de découpage (10) est enfin fermé.
  14. Puits de chute d'un système d'alimentation (58) d'une installation d'incinération de déchets, avec un dispositif de découpage (10) sur son extrémité de puits supérieure (12"), à l'aide duquel le puits de chute (12) peut être obturé, avec un registre d'étanchéité (70) disposé au-dessous du dispositif de découpage (10) et un fond (64') disposé à l'extrémité de puits inférieure (12'), le dispositif de découpage (10) et le registre d'étanchéité (70) délimitant un espace d'éclusage (82) dont le volume est inférieur au volume d'un espace délimité par le registre d'étanchéité (40) et le fond (64'), et le dispositif de découpage (10) et le registre d'étanchéité étant entraínés en même temps dans des sens opposés.
EP00117241A 1999-09-02 2000-08-14 Puits d'alimentation d'incinérateur d'ordures avec dispositif de sectionnement Expired - Lifetime EP1081433B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH159799 1999-09-02
CH159799 1999-09-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1081433A1 EP1081433A1 (fr) 2001-03-07
EP1081433B1 true EP1081433B1 (fr) 2004-10-20

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Country Link
US (1) US6382112B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1081433B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3507980B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100386297B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ295924B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE50008305D1 (fr)
TW (1) TW455667B (fr)

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KR101166848B1 (ko) * 2007-08-21 2012-07-19 가부시키가이샤 신코간교오솔루션 폐기물 공급 장치, 그 시일 방법 및 폐기물 공급 방법
US20090151609A1 (en) * 2007-12-15 2009-06-18 Hoskinson Gordon H Incinerator with pivoting grating system
JP5615877B2 (ja) * 2012-08-03 2014-10-29 インターナシヨナル・エンバイロンメンタル・ソリユーシヨンズ・コーポレイシヨン 二重ナイフゲート弁を有する熱分解廃棄物処理システム
CN105066144B (zh) * 2015-08-10 2017-05-03 宜兴福鼎环保工程有限公司 一种密闭进料输送装置

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Publication number Publication date
TW455667B (en) 2001-09-21
CZ295924B6 (cs) 2005-11-16
EP1081433A1 (fr) 2001-03-07
US6382112B1 (en) 2002-05-07
DE50008305D1 (de) 2004-11-25
JP3507980B2 (ja) 2004-03-15
KR20010030249A (ko) 2001-04-16
KR100386297B1 (ko) 2003-06-02
CZ20003205A3 (cs) 2001-04-11
JP2001082717A (ja) 2001-03-30

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