EP1042845B1 - Antenne - Google Patents

Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1042845B1
EP1042845B1 EP99941706A EP99941706A EP1042845B1 EP 1042845 B1 EP1042845 B1 EP 1042845B1 EP 99941706 A EP99941706 A EP 99941706A EP 99941706 A EP99941706 A EP 99941706A EP 1042845 B1 EP1042845 B1 EP 1042845B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
antenna according
generator
ground plane
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99941706A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1042845A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Jean-Yves Jecko
Françoise JECKO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Limoges
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS filed Critical Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Priority to DK99941706T priority Critical patent/DK1042845T3/da
Publication of EP1042845A1 publication Critical patent/EP1042845A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1042845B1 publication Critical patent/EP1042845B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antennas.
  • an antenna of the aforementioned type comprising a single wire or ribbon connecting the two surfaces, which wire or ribbon is arranged to be traversed by a current at the frequency of work and to be coupled by inductive coupling to the wire or ribbon power supply connecting the generator to the first surface. It has been shown that this antenna generates, under certain conditions of arrangement of elements, a monopoly type of radiation, that is to say comprising a symmetrical lobe of revolution, with maximum radiation parallel to ground plane and zero radiation perpendicular to the antenna, linear polarization with electric field in a plane perpendicular to the antenna and cover almost hemispherical except in the axis.
  • EP-A-667 984 describes a variant of this antenna comprising several parallel wires or ribbons connecting the two surfaces. This provision makes it possible, in particular, to facilitate the adaptation of the antenna to the generator.
  • Antennas of the aforementioned type have already rendered great services.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a new antenna that can take smaller dimensions compared to the working wavelength not only in the horizontal plane as the antennas described in documents FR-A-2 668 859 and EP-A-667 984, but also in the vertical direction where the height is very low of the order of ⁇ / 200.
  • At least the wire or ribbon connecting the generator / receiver and the first surface is also coplanar with aforementioned elements.
  • the first surface 12 can take any geometry. This geometry and the size of this surface 12 are however characteristic of the operation of the antenna.
  • the second surface 14 forming a ground plane surrounds partially or completely the first surface 12.
  • the ground plane 14 has the form of an open ring which almost completely surrounds the surface 12.
  • the opening 15 formed in the ground plane 14 serves as a passage for ribbon 16.
  • the ribbons 18 and 19 are preferably symmetrical with respect to the feeding tape 16, and for example parallel to this one.
  • the antenna according to the invention can include more than two ribbons 18, 19 to ensure the connection between surfaces 12 and 14.
  • Such an antenna can be obtained by different processes of manufacturing.
  • this antenna 10 can be cut in a conductive plane, preferably a metal plate, for example by etching the metallization of a single-sided printed circuit, or still by serigraphy on an electrically insulating support, deposit on a such an electrically insulating support, or production from a foil metallic geometry adapted.
  • Antennas according to the present invention can operate at all frequencies.
  • the dimensions of the antenna in the metal plane are of the order from ⁇ / 6 to ⁇ / 5 where ⁇ represents the working wavelength.
  • the thickness of the antenna is to her, extremely small. This thickness corresponds to the thickness of elements 12 to 19 and the support thereof.
  • the antenna is adapted to the impedance of the generator 20 (in general 50 ⁇ ) on the working frequency band to obtain a T.O.S. acceptable, preferably between 1.5 and 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows the equivalent diagram of this antenna.
  • This equivalent diagram comprises a cell comprising a capacitance Cfond, a Lfond self and a Resistance Rfond, connected between they in parallel and corresponding to the fundamental mode, another cell having a capacity Ctoit and a self Lmasse connected together in parallel and Lalim linkage inducing a serial link between two aforementioned cells, the self Lalim being coupled with the Limasse self by a mutual inductance M.
  • Lmasse represents the inductance related to the (x) ribbon (s) 18, 19.
  • Lalim represents the inductance related to the supply ribbon 16.
  • Mutual inductance M is the result of the interaction of ribbons 16, 18 and 19 between them.
  • This resonance peak of the input impedance of the antenna is the consequence of the capacitive effect of the two plates 12 and 14 and the effects of inductive and mutual induction of the ribbons 16, 18 and 19. Those skilled in the art will evaluate these elements by approximating the quasi-static state.
  • the operating band of the antenna is around cancellation frequencies of the imaginary part X (f) of the input impedance and corresponds to a real part R (f) around that of the generator 20.
  • a dielectric substrate can be added on and / or under the metal plane defined by elements 12 to 19, to solidify the structure, to reduce the dimensions of the antenna by compared to the operating wavelength, to generate a radiation in the dielectric, etc.
  • a proximity reflector may be associated with the antenna to conform the radiation, for example to focus the radiation in a desired direction.
  • the antenna 10 illustrated in this FIG. 4 is formed by cutting into a metal sheet with a thickness of 0.4 mm.
  • It comprises a roof 12 with a square geometry of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm, be of the order of ⁇ / 12 ⁇ ⁇ / 12.
  • the ground plane 14 is formed of a ribbon with a width of 6 mm, is of the order of ⁇ / 50, and square geometry that surrounds almost totally the roof 12.
  • ground plane 14 is formed of four straight sections of ribbon, perpendicular and parallel to each other in pairs, possessing typically each an outer length of 65 mm, being of the order of ⁇ / 5, and a width of 6 mm, ie of the order of ⁇ / 50.
  • the roof 12 is preferably centered on the ground plane 14 and has its sides parallel to the sections of the ribbon forming this ground plane 14.
  • the distance separating the inner edge of the ground plane 14 and the outer edge roof 12 is of the order of 14 mm.
  • One of the aforementioned sections forming the ground plane 14 has a transverse cut 15 with a width of the order of 5 to 8 mm.
  • This cutout 15 is preferably formed at about 37 mm from a end of this stretch and about 23 mm from the other end of the same stretch of ground plane.
  • This mass tape 18 thus extends perpendicular to section 14 and at the edge of roof 12.
  • This ribbon mass 18 is preferably connected to the longest element of the ribbon 14 having the cutout 15 and is preferably connected to the roof at a distance of about 4 mm from one of the angles thereof.
  • the supply ribbon 16 is formed of a rectilinear ribbon, centered on the cutout 15, of a width of the order 3 mm and which is connected perpendicularly to one side of the roof 12, preferably at a distance an angle thereof of the order of 4 mm.
  • the section of the ribbon 14 having the cutout 15 is provided with a connector 30 whose shielding external connection is electrically connected to the grounding strip 14 and whose strand is central conductor is connected by any suitable means to the end outer ribbon 16.
  • FIG. 5 represents the real part R (f) of the input impedance of the antenna 10 illustrated in FIG. 4, in ⁇ , as a function of the frequency.
  • Figure 6 shows the imaginary part X (f) of the impedance of the same antenna 10 illustrated in FIG. 4, in ⁇ , in function of the frequency.
  • FIG. 7 shows the reflection coefficient
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 there is illustrated in solid lines the theoretical curves and in broken lines the actual curves measured on an antenna according to Figure 4.
  • antenna plus plane of mass illustrated in Figure 4 are of the order of ⁇ / 6 to ⁇ / 5 where ⁇ is the working wavelength.
  • the intrinsic gain at the frequency of 1.06 GHz shown in the figures 8 to 10 reflects an almost omnidirectional radiation in the plane orthogonal to ribbons 18, 19, in accordance with the radiation principle of the dipole.
  • antennas planar There are a large number of known antennas, including antennas planar.
  • the present invention enables the realization antennas at very low cost, with great ease of realization.
  • the present invention can find application in a large number domains.
  • the antennas for automobiles antennas for wireless links, millimeter antennas for sectorial distribution, sources of "lentils” antennas and “Dishes”, antennas for wireless telephony, etc.
  • the present invention is not limited to the mode of particular embodiment which has just been described.
  • strips 16, 17 connecting the generator / receiver 20 and respectively the first surface 12 and the second surface 14 are coplanaries of the latter.
  • the schematic embodiment on FIG. 4 only the ribbon 16 connecting the generator / receiver 20 and the first surface 12 is coplanar with the surfaces 12 and 14, the connection between the generator / receiver 20 and the second surface 14 being ensured directly via the mass of a coaxial plug.
  • the surface 12 forming a roof can be split into several coplanar elements, or even be perforated, as indicated in EP-A-667984.

Claims (15)

  1. Antenne vom Typ umfassend:
    eine erste elektrisch leitende Oberfläche (12),
    eine zweite elektrisch leitende Oberfläche (14), die eine Masseebene bildet, parallel zur ersten Oberfläche,
    einen ersten elektrisch leitenden Versorgungsdraht oder -streifen (16), der einen ersten Anschluß eines Generators/Empfängers (20) mit der ersten Oberfläche (12) verbindet, und einen zweiten Versorgungsdraht oder -streifen (17), der einen zweiten Anschluß des Generators/Empfängers (20) mit der zweiten Oberfläche (14) verbindet, und
    wenigstens einen elektrisch leitenden Draht oder Streifen (18, 19), der die beiden vorgenannten Oberflächen (12, 14) verbindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Oberflächen (12, 14) und der oder die Verbindungsdraht(drähte) oder Verbindungsstreifen (18, 19) zwischen diesen alle koplanar sind.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens der Draht oder Streifen (16), der die Verbindung zwischen dem Generator/Empfänger (20) und der ersten Oberfläche (12) sicherstellt, auch koplanar zu den Oberflächen (12, 14) ist.
  3. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Draht oder Streifen (17), der die Verbindung zwischen dem Generator/Empfänger (20) und der zweiten Oberfläche (14) sicherstellt, auch koplanar zu den Oberflächen (12, 14) ist.
  4. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Oberfläche (14), die die Masseebene bildet, wenigstens teilweise die erste Oberfläche (12) umgibt.
  5. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Oberfläche (14), die die Masseebene bildet, die Form eines offenen Ringes hat, der die erste Oberfläche (12) quasi vollständig umgibt.
  6. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in der Masseebene (14) freigelegte Öffnung (15) dem Durchgang des Drahtes oder Streifens (16) dient, der die Verbindung zwischen dem Generator/Empfänger (20) und der ersten Oberfläche (12) sicherstellt.
  7. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie wenigstens zwei Drähte oder Streifen (18, 19) umfaßt, die die erste und die zweite Oberfläche (12, 14) miteinander verbinden.
  8. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie durch Schneiden in eine Leiterebene, vorzugsweise in eine Leiterplatte, beispielsweise durch Ätzen der Metallisierung einer einseitigen gedruckten Schaltung oder auch durch Siebdruck auf einem elektrisch isolierenden Träger, Abscheidung auf einem solchen elektrisch isolierenden Träger oder Fertigung ausgehend von einer Metallfolie geeigneter Geometrie hergestellt wird.
  9. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ihre Dimensionen in der Ebene der Oberflächen (12, 14) in der Größenordnung von λ/6 bis λ/5 sind, wobei λ die Arbeitswellenlänge darstellt.
  10. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein dielektrisches Substrat oberhalb und/oder unterhalb der Ebene der ersten und der zweiten Oberfläche (12, 14) umfaßt.
  11. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem einen Näherungsreflektor umfaßt, der zum Richten der Strahlung, beispielsweise zum Konzentrieren der Strahlung in eine gewünschte Richtung zusammengeschaltet ist.
  12. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine erste Oberfläche (12) quadratischer Geometrie und eine Masseebene (14) umfaßt, die aus vier geradlinigen, paarweise senkrecht und parallel zueinander verlaufenden Streifenabschnitten gebildet ist, die die erste Oberfläche (12) quasi vollständig umgibt, wobei einer der vorgenannten, die Masseebene (14) bildenden Abschnitte einen Quereinschnitt (15) für den Durchgang eines Streifen (16) aufweist, der die Verbindung zwischen dem Generator/Empfänger (20) und der ersten Oberfläche (12) sicherstellt.
  13. Antenne nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem einen geradlinigen Massestreifen (18) umfaßt, der den Innenrand des den Einschnitt (15) aufweisenden Abschnitts (14) und die erste Oberfläche (12) verbindet und senkrecht zu deren Rändern verläuft.
  14. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine erste Oberfläche (12) quadratischer Geometrie, deren Seiten eine Länge in der Größenordnung von λ/12 haben, und eine Masseebene (14) umfaßt, die aus vier geradlinigen, paarweise senkrecht und parallel zueinander verlaufenden Streifenabschnitten gebildet ist, mit einer Länge in der Größenordnung von λ/5 und einer Breite in der Größenordnung von λ/50, die die erste Oberfläche (12) quasi vollständig umgibt.
  15. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außerdem einen Verbinder (30) umfaßt, dessen Außenabschirmung elektrisch mit der Masseebene (14) verbunden ist und dessen zentraler Leiter Einzeldraht mit dem Streifen (16) verbunden ist, der die Verbindung zwischen dem Generator/Empfänger (20) und der ersten Oberfläche (12) sicherstellt.
EP99941706A 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP1042845B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK99941706T DK1042845T3 (da) 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Antenne

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9811251 1998-09-09
FR9811251A FR2783115B1 (fr) 1998-09-09 1998-09-09 Antenne perfectionnee
PCT/FR1999/002123 WO2000014825A1 (fr) 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1042845A1 EP1042845A1 (de) 2000-10-11
EP1042845B1 true EP1042845B1 (de) 2005-06-29

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ID=9530258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99941706A Expired - Lifetime EP1042845B1 (de) 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Antenne

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6300908B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1042845B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4364439B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE298937T1 (de)
AU (1) AU5521999A (de)
CA (1) CA2310125C (de)
DE (1) DE69925985T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1042845T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2243070T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2783115B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000014825A1 (de)

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AU2001282867A1 (en) 2000-08-07 2002-02-18 Xtremespectrum, Inc. Electrically small planar uwb antenna apparatus and system thereof
US20020122820A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-09-05 Hildebrand William H. Soluble MHC artificial antigen presenting cells
FR2825836B1 (fr) * 2001-06-08 2005-09-23 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne resonante omnidirectionnelle
FR2826186B1 (fr) 2001-06-18 2003-10-10 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne mulitfonctions integrant des ensembles fil-plaque
US6621466B2 (en) * 2001-06-19 2003-09-16 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Multiple band split ground plane antenna assembly
JP3629448B2 (ja) * 2001-07-27 2005-03-16 Ｔｄｋ株式会社 アンテナ装置及びそれを備えた電子機器
US6597316B2 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-07-22 The Mitre Corporation Spatial null steering microstrip antenna array
US20040263391A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2004-12-30 Zi-Ming He Multi-band antenna
US7034769B2 (en) * 2003-11-24 2006-04-25 Sandbridge Technologies, Inc. Modified printed dipole antennas for wireless multi-band communication systems
US7095382B2 (en) * 2003-11-24 2006-08-22 Sandbridge Technologies, Inc. Modified printed dipole antennas for wireless multi-band communications systems
US7339537B2 (en) * 2004-10-28 2008-03-04 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Capacitive drive antenna and an air vehicle so equipped
EP1810368A1 (de) 2004-11-12 2007-07-25 Fractus, S.A. Antennenstruktur für ein drahtloses gerät mit einer als schleife geformten massefläche
KR100665007B1 (ko) * 2004-11-15 2007-01-09 삼성전기주식회사 초광대역 내장형 안테나
US7403158B2 (en) * 2005-10-18 2008-07-22 Applied Wireless Identification Group, Inc. Compact circular polarized antenna
JP5617836B2 (ja) * 2009-03-06 2014-11-05 日本電気株式会社 共振器アンテナ及び通信装置
CN103311650B (zh) * 2012-03-16 2016-08-24 华为终端有限公司 天线及无线终端设备
DE102018212319A1 (de) * 2018-07-24 2020-01-30 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Leiterplatten-Antenne
FR3090220B1 (fr) * 2018-12-18 2021-01-15 Commissariat Energie Atomique Antenne fil-plaque monopolaire
DE102019205556A1 (de) * 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Leiterplatten-Antenne

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US2885676A (en) * 1957-01-23 1959-05-05 Gen Dynamics Corp Antennas
US3086204A (en) * 1959-11-27 1963-04-16 Andrew Alford Island antenna for installation on aircraft
US3216016A (en) * 1962-08-09 1965-11-02 Control Data Corp Buried inner and outer loop conductors forming annulus producing radiation in plane of annulus
US4063246A (en) * 1976-06-01 1977-12-13 Transco Products, Inc. Coplanar stripline antenna
US4291312A (en) * 1977-09-28 1981-09-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dual ground plane coplanar fed microstrip antennas
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000014825A9 (fr) 2000-07-13
US6300908B1 (en) 2001-10-09
CA2310125A1 (fr) 2000-03-16
DE69925985D1 (de) 2005-08-04
CA2310125C (fr) 2007-03-27
ATE298937T1 (de) 2005-07-15
DE69925985T2 (de) 2006-05-11
WO2000014825A1 (fr) 2000-03-16
EP1042845A1 (de) 2000-10-11
AU5521999A (en) 2000-03-27
FR2783115A1 (fr) 2000-03-10
ES2243070T3 (es) 2005-11-16
FR2783115B1 (fr) 2000-12-01
JP4364439B2 (ja) 2009-11-18
JP2002524953A (ja) 2002-08-06
DK1042845T3 (da) 2005-10-17

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