EP1172885A1 - Kurzgeschlossene Streifenleiterantenne und Zweiband-Übertragungsanordnung damit - Google Patents

Kurzgeschlossene Streifenleiterantenne und Zweiband-Übertragungsanordnung damit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1172885A1
EP1172885A1 EP01401598A EP01401598A EP1172885A1 EP 1172885 A1 EP1172885 A1 EP 1172885A1 EP 01401598 A EP01401598 A EP 01401598A EP 01401598 A EP01401598 A EP 01401598A EP 1172885 A1 EP1172885 A1 EP 1172885A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
patch
resonance
extending
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01401598A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1172885B1 (de
Inventor
Charles Ngounou Kouam
Jean-Philippe Coupez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel CIT SA, Alcatel SA filed Critical Alcatel CIT SA
Publication of EP1172885A1 publication Critical patent/EP1172885A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1172885B1 publication Critical patent/EP1172885B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to the devices for radio transmission, in particular portable radiotelephones, and it concerns more particularly the antennas which are produced using at least one conductive layer to be included in such devices.
  • Such an antenna includes a patch which is typically constituted by etching of a metallic layer. It is often carried out according to the technique microstrips and it is then called in English by specialists "microstrip patch antenna" for "microstrip type patch antenna”.
  • the microstrip technique is a planar technique that applies to both at the realization of transmission lines transmitting waves guided, possibly carrying signals, and to that of antennas carrying a coupling between such lines and radiated waves.
  • She uses conductive tapes and / or pads formed on the upper surface of a thin dielectric substrate.
  • a conductive layer extends over the surface bottom of this substrate and constitutes a mass of the line or the antenna.
  • Such a patch is typically wider than such a ribbon and its shapes and dimensions are important features of the antenna.
  • the substrate shape is typically that of a rectangular flat sheet of constant thickness and the patch is also typically rectangular. But this is by no means an obligation.
  • a varying the thickness of the substrate can widen the bandwidth of such antenna and that the patch can take various forms and for example be circular.
  • the electric field lines extend between the ribbon or the pellet and the mass layer crossing the substrate. A line of transmission operating in this way will be said below line microstrip.
  • This technique differs from coplanar techniques which use them also conductive elements on a thin substrate, and in particular of that transmission lines in which the electric field is established on the upper surface of the substrate and symmetrically between on the one hand a central conductive tape and on the other hand two conductive pads located on either side of this ribbon from which they are respectively separated by two slots, a transmission line operating in this way being hereinafter called the coplanar line.
  • a patch is surrounded by a continuous conductive pad whose it is separated by a slit.
  • a transmission line is consisting of a slit formed in a conductive layer and the field electric of the transmitted wave is established in the plane of this layer between the two edges of this slot.
  • the antennas produced according to these techniques typically constitute, although not necessarily, resonant structures capable of being the standing wave seat for coupling with waves radiated into space.
  • each such resonance can be described as a standing wave formed by the superposition of two traveling waves propagating in two opposite directions on the same path, these two waves resulting from the alternative reflection of the same progressive wave at both ends of this path, this last wave being an electromagnetic wave propagating on this path in the line constituted for example by the mass, the substrate and the tablet.
  • This path is imposed by the constituent elements of the antenna. he can be straight or curved. It will be designated hereafter by the expression “journey of resonance ".
  • the frequency of the resonance is inversely proportional to the time taken by the traveling wave considered above to travel this route.
  • a first type of resonance can be called “half wave”.
  • the length of the resonance path is typically substantially equal to one half wavelength i.e. half the wavelength of the wave progressive considered above.
  • the antenna is then called “half wave”.
  • This type of resonance can be broadly defined by the presence an electric current node at each of the two ends of such a path whose length can therefore also be equal to said half-wavelength multiplied by an integer other than one. This number is typically odd.
  • the coupling with the radiated waves takes place at at least one of the two ends of this path, these ends being located in regions where the amplitude of the electric field which is applied for example across the substrate is maximum.
  • a second type of resonance that can be obtained in the context of this same technique can be called "quarter wave". It differs from said type half wave on the one hand by the fact that the resonance path typically has a length substantially equal to a quarter wave, i.e. a quarter of the wavelength defined above.
  • the resonant structure must have a short circuit at one end of this path, the word short circuit designating a connection connecting the ground and the patch.
  • this short circuit must have an impedance small enough to be able to impose such resonance.
  • This type of resonance can be generally defined by the presence of an electric field node fixed by such a short circuit to the near an edge of the patch and by an electric current node located the other end of the resonance path.
  • the length of the latter can therefore also be equal to a whole number of half-wavelengths added to said quarter wavelength.
  • the coupling with the radiated waves in the space is made on an edge of the patch in a region where the amplitude of the electric field is sufficiently large.
  • Resonances of other types can be established, each of these types is characterized by a distribution of electric and magnetic fields which oscillate in an area of space including the antenna and the immediate vicinity of this one. They depend in particular on the configuration of the pellets, these the latter may in particular have slots, possibly radiative. In the case of antennas produced using the microstrips, these resonances also depend on the possible presence and localization of short circuits as well as electrical models representative of these short circuits when these are short circuits imperfect, that is to say when they cannot be assimilated, even approximately, to perfect short-circuits whose impedances would be zero.
  • the node appearing in the second antenna also constitutes a node for the resonance of the first antenna.
  • a node will be said below "Virtual” because it is located in an area that is located outside the patch of this antenna and in which therefore no field appears electric or magnetic likely to allow direct observation the presence of this node.
  • connection line which is external to this antenna and which ends with a coupling system integrated into this antenna to couple this line to one or more resonances that can settle in one or more resonant structures of this antenna.
  • the resonances also depend on the nature and location of this system. The latter makes it possible to use the antenna at each of the frequencies of these resonances.
  • all of connection is often referred to as a power line from this antenna.
  • the present invention relates to various types of devices such as portable radiotelephones, base stations for the latter, automobiles and airplanes or air missiles.
  • portable radio the continuous nature of the lower mass layer of an antenna produced using the microstrip technique makes it possible to limit easily the radiation power intercepted by the body of the user of the device.
  • the antenna can be conformed to this profile so as not to show annoying additional aerodynamic drag.
  • a first such known antenna is described in the patent document US-A- 4,692,769 (Gegan, 769).
  • the patch of this antenna has the shape of a circular disc 10 allowing this antenna to present two half wave resonances whose paths are established respectively according to a diameter AA of this disc and according to the length of a slot in an arc 24 inscribed in this disc.
  • the system coupling has the form of a line 16 constituting a transformer quarter wave and connecting at an interior point to the area of the patch of so as to give the real part of the input impedance of the antenna values substantially equal for these two resonances.
  • One of these two slots is continued by an extension which constitutes the impedance matching slot 28 so that an asymmetry appears to be presented by line 16 at its inner end to the patch 10. Despite this apparent continuity and asymmetry, specialists understand that in practice no wave propagates over the length of the impedance matching slot 28.
  • a second known antenna is described in the patent document US-A- 4,766,440 (Gegan, 440).
  • the patch 10 of this antenna has a shape general rectangular allowing this antenna to present two half wave resonances whose paths are established along a length and a width of this patch. Furthermore it has a curved slit in the shape of U which is entirely internal to this patch. This slit is radiative and brings up an additional mode of resonance established according to a other route. It also allows, by a suitable choice of its shape and its dimensions, to bring the frequencies of the resonance modes to desired values which gives the possibility of emitting a wave at circular polarization thanks to the association of two modes having the same frequency and crossed linear polarizations.
  • the coupling system has the form of a line which is produced according to the technique of microstrips, but which is also said to be coplanar, as in the previous document Gegan, 769.
  • This system is provided with means of impedance transformations to adapt it to different impedances input respectively presented by the line at the different frequencies of resonance used as working frequencies.
  • a third known antenna differs from the previous ones by the use of a single resonance path. It is described in the document of US-A patent 4,771,291 (LO et al). Its patch has short circuits punctuals and slits extending along straight segments inside the tablet. These slots and short-circuits reduce the gap between two frequencies corresponding to two resonances having said common path but two respective mutually different modes which are designated by digits (0,1) and (0,3), i.e. this common path is occupied by a half wave or by three half waves depending on the mode considered. The relationship between these two frequencies can be lowered as well from 3 to 1.8. Short circuits punctuals are formed by conductors crossing the substrate. The coupling system consists of a coaxial line whose conductor central crosses the antenna substrate to connect to the patch of the latter and whose ground conductor is connected to the ground of the antenna.
  • This antenna has the particular disadvantage that its manufacture is complicated by the incorporation of punctual short circuits.
  • a fourth known dual-frequency antenna differs from the previous ones by the use of a quarter wave resonance. It is described in an article: IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATONAL SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, NEWPORT BEACH, JUNE 18-23, 1995, pages 2124-2127 Boag et al "Dual Band Cavity-Backed Quarter-wave Patch Antenna".
  • a first resonant frequency is defined by the dimensions and the characteristics of the substrate and the patch of this antenna.
  • a resonance substantially the same type is obtained at a second frequency on the same resonance path thanks to the use of an adaptation system.
  • the coupling system appears to be typing with a coaxial line, the system adapter being placed at the end of such a line, the conductor of which axial is extended through the antenna substrate to connect to the pastille of the latter.
  • the antennas known above have the disadvantage that it is difficult and therefore expensive to obtain both the values desired for the frequencies of their resonances and a good coupling of each of these resonances to a signal processor.
  • a layer antenna conductive a coupling system of this antenna including a line coplanar formed by two slits extending in a conductive layer of this antenna and respectively constituting two coupling slots primary.
  • said coupling system further includes a slotted line formed by a slit connecting to one of the two said slits primary coupling and constituting a secondary coupling slot.
  • this antenna includes a patch and a cooperating mass with this patch using the microstrip technique and the so-called coupling are formed in this pellet.
  • a coupling system consisting of such slots would be formed in the mass of such an antenna.
  • FIG. 1 represents a copper sheet cut to constitute after folding the short circuit and the patch of an antenna produced according to a first embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents a simplified perspective view of a device for transmission including the antenna whose patch is shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 represents a top view of an antenna produced according to a second embodiment of this invention.
  • the antenna further includes a coupling system.
  • This system does part of a connection set which connects the resonant structure of the antenna to a signal processing unit T, for example to excite a or more resonances of the antenna from this organ in the event that it it is a transmitting antenna.
  • all of connection typically has a connection line which is external to the antenna.
  • This line can in particular be of the coaxial type, of the type microstrip or coplanar type.
  • Figure 1 it has been symbolically represented in the form of two conducting wires C2 and C3 connecting respectively the mass 4 and the ribbon C1 at the two terminals of the signal processing T. But it should be understood that this line would be practice preferably carried out in the form of a microstrip line or of a coaxial line.
  • the signal processor T is adapted to operate at predetermined working frequencies which are at least close to useful resonant frequencies of the antenna, i.e. which are included in bandwidths centered on these resonance frequencies. he can be composite and then include an element tuned so permanent on each of these working frequencies. It can also include a tunable element on the various working frequencies. said primary resonant frequency constitutes such a resonant frequency useful.
  • the coupling system of the antenna is composite: it first includes a primary coupling line formed by two slots extending in the patch 6 and constituting respectively two primary coupling slots F1 and F2; it then includes a secondary coupling line formed by another slot F3 which is connects to one of these two primary coupling slots, for example the slot F2, and which constitutes a secondary coupling slot.
  • the widths of these slots of coupling are for example uniform, their paths are for example straight, and the secondary coupling slot extends for example in the alignment of the primary coupling slot to which it connects.
  • the slotted line F3 extends along the longitudinal direction so that the secondary resonance is of the half type wave with a resonance path extending in the transverse direction But it could be bent at right angles and the secondary resonance could be of the quarter wave type with a longitudinal resonance path like the primary resonance.
  • the difference between the primary and secondary would then result from a difference between the dimensions longitudinal of the two zones, that is to say, the short-circuit being common, of a gap between the longitudinal positions of respective front edges of these two areas.
  • the assembly separator includes two separating slots F4 and F5 extending into the patch 6 in the longitudinal direction DL from the front edge 12 of this patch, so that two side edges of the secondary resonance zone Z2 are respectively constituted by edges of these two slots and that an edge front of this area consists of a segment 13 of this front edge between these two slots.
  • a copper sheet constituting the pellet 6 has an extension extending forward beyond a line in front constitute the rear edge 10 of this patch.
  • this extension is applied on the vertical edge of the substrate.
  • Part of this extension is connected to the substrate to constitute the short circuit S.
  • the latter extends in a median segment of this edge and it is made in two parts which are located on either side of the coupling C1, F1, F2.
  • the other parts of this extension are not shown in Figure 2. They facilitate positioning of the patch on the substrate and that of them which extends the ribbon C1 makes it possible to connect this ribbon to the processing member T without intervening on the upper surface of the antenna.
  • the separator assembly includes a separator slot U-shaped remaining at a distance from the edges of the patch 6.
  • This slot has two branches F4 and F5 connected to each other by a base F6. These two branches extend in longitudinal direction opposite and at a distance lateral edges 14 and 16 respectively and this base extends along the transverse direction opposite and at a distance from the front edge 12.
  • the coupling between on the one hand the standing wave of each of the two primary and secondary resonances and secondly the waves radiated in the space is mainly done on one or more of the edges of the patch 6 or separating slits F4, F5 and F6 or through these slits.
  • This will be expressed by saying that such an edge or such a slit is a primary radiative edge or secondary or a primary or secondary radiative cleft depending on the resonance considered.
  • a single edge primary radiative is present. This is the front edge 12, which corresponds to a primary resonance of the quarter wave type having an electric field node in segment 10.
  • two secondary radiative edges consist of the edges of the separating slots F4 and F5 at the limit of the zone Z2 in the vicinity of the front edge 13.
  • the two secondary radiative slots are formed by the slots F4 and F5, mainly away from their rear ends, and the F6 slot constitutes an additional secondary radiative slit in the vicinity of its ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP01401598A 2000-07-10 2001-06-18 Kurzgeschlossene Streifenleiterantenne und Zweiband-Übertragungsanordnung damit Expired - Lifetime EP1172885B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0008964 2000-07-10
FR0008964A FR2811479B1 (fr) 2000-07-10 2000-07-10 Antenne a couche conductrice et dispositif de transmission bi-bande incluant cette antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1172885A1 true EP1172885A1 (de) 2002-01-16
EP1172885B1 EP1172885B1 (de) 2008-03-26

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EP01401598A Expired - Lifetime EP1172885B1 (de) 2000-07-10 2001-06-18 Kurzgeschlossene Streifenleiterantenne und Zweiband-Übertragungsanordnung damit

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6496148B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1172885B1 (de)
JP (2) JP4854876B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1251353C (de)
AT (1) ATE390727T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60133344T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2811479B1 (de)

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US6891506B2 (en) 2002-06-21 2005-05-10 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with parasitic coupler
US6950071B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2005-09-27 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna
US6980173B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2005-12-27 Research In Motion Limited Floating conductor pad for antenna performance stabilization and noise reduction
US7023387B2 (en) 2003-05-14 2006-04-04 Research In Motion Limited Antenna with multiple-band patch and slot structures
US7148846B2 (en) 2003-06-12 2006-12-12 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with floating antenna element
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FR2811479B1 (fr) * 2000-07-10 2005-01-21 Cit Alcatel Antenne a couche conductrice et dispositif de transmission bi-bande incluant cette antenne
EP1942551A1 (de) * 2001-10-16 2008-07-09 Fractus, S.A. Mehrbandantenne
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US7466271B2 (en) 2002-11-28 2008-12-16 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-band antenna with patch and slot structures
US8878731B2 (en) 2002-11-28 2014-11-04 Blackberry Limited Multiple-band antenna with patch and slot structures
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US8207896B2 (en) 2002-11-28 2012-06-26 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-band antenna with patch and slot structures
US7916087B2 (en) 2002-11-28 2011-03-29 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-band antenna with patch and slot structures
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EP1920500A4 (de) * 2005-08-22 2010-01-20 Motorola Inc Mehrbandantenne
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EP1814193A1 (de) * 2006-01-23 2007-08-01 YOKOWO Co., Ltd Planare Antenne
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FR2811479B1 (fr) 2005-01-21
DE60133344D1 (de) 2008-05-08
ATE390727T1 (de) 2008-04-15
JP4854876B2 (ja) 2012-01-18
JP5361966B2 (ja) 2013-12-04
JP2012034385A (ja) 2012-02-16
CN1338796A (zh) 2002-03-06
EP1172885B1 (de) 2008-03-26
FR2811479A1 (fr) 2002-01-11
DE60133344T2 (de) 2009-04-23
JP2002057523A (ja) 2002-02-22
US20020003499A1 (en) 2002-01-10
CN1251353C (zh) 2006-04-12
US6496148B2 (en) 2002-12-17

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